Reporters:

ANNABELLE S. ALISBO
JOY D. BENJAMIN
NELLY T. CUBIO
JENEVA G. CORONADO
ROSENIE R. ERPE
MA. ESTERBEL DULLESCO
REGINE G. MAGADA

Topic 3: K-12 PROGRAM

K-12 Program: A Comprehensive Overview
The K-12 program is an educational system that includes kindergarten and 12 years of basic
education. It aims to provide students with the necessary skills and knowledge to prepare them
for higher education, employment, and entrepreneurship. This presentation will delve into the
key aspects of the K-12 program, including its objectives, tracks offered, grading system, and
organizational structure.

K-12 Program Objectives

The K-12 program aims to provide students with a comprehensive education that equips them
with the skills and knowledge necessary to thrive in the 21st century. This program aims to
create a dynamic learning environment where students can develop their intellectual, social, and
emotional capacities.
Develop Critical Thinking Skills
 Analytical Thinking
Students learn to break down complex problems into manageable parts, analyze data, and
draw logical conclusions. They are encouraged to evaluate information critically and
form independent judgments.
 Problem Solving
The program emphasizes hands-on learning opportunities where students encounter real-
world problems. They develop strategies to identify root causes, explore solutions, and
implement effective strategies.
 Creative Thinking
Students are encouraged to explore new ideas, generate innovative solutions, and think
outside the box. They develop their imagination and ability to approach challenges with
fresh perspectives.
Promote Academic Excellence
 Rigorous Curriculum
The program offers a challenging and comprehensive curriculum that prepares students
for success in higher education and beyond.
 Qualified Educators
Highly experienced and dedicated teachers provide personalized instruction, support, and
guidance to help students achieve their academic goals.
 Supportive Environment
A positive and inclusive learning environment fosters a love of learning and motivates
students to reach their full potential.
 Advanced Placement
Students can take advanced placement courses and exams, giving them the opportunity to
earn college credit while still in high school.
Foster Social-Emotional Learning
 Self-Awareness
Students learn to recognize and understand their own emotions, strengths, and
weaknesses.
 Self-Management
They develop strategies for managing their emotions, thoughts, and behaviors in
constructive ways.
 Social Awareness
Students learn to understand the perspectives and emotions of others and develop
empathy and compassion.
 Relationship Skills
They build healthy relationships, communicate effectively, and work collaboratively with
others.
 Responsible Decision Making
Students develop the ability to make sound judgments, consider consequences, and act
ethically.
Encourage Creativity and Innovation
 Problem-Based Learning
Students engage in hands-on projects that challenge them to find creative solutions to
real-world problems.
 Design Thinking
The program incorporates design thinking methodologies, encouraging students to
empathize with users, generate ideas, and prototype solutions.
 STEAM Integration
Students explore the integration of science, technology, engineering, art, and math,
fostering creativity and innovation across disciplines.
 Entrepreneurship
Students have opportunities to develop entrepreneurial skills, learn about business
models, and pitch innovative ideas.

Provide Diverse Learning Experiences

 Global Perspectives
Students learn about different cultures, languages, and perspectives to develop a global
mindset and understanding.
 Interdisciplinary Studies
The program encourages students to connect ideas across different subjects, fostering a
holistic understanding of knowledge.
 Experiential Learning
Students participate in field trips, community service projects, and hands-on experiences
that enhance their learning.
 Technology Integration
The program embraces technology to enhance learning, provide access to information,
and prepare students for a digital world.

Prepare Students for College and Career

 Career Exploration
Students participate in career exploration activities, meet with professionals in various
fields, and learn about different career pathways.
 College Readiness
The program provides guidance on college application processes, financial aid, and
course selection to help students prepare for higher education.
  Skills Development
Students acquire essential skills such as critical thinking, communication, problem-
solving, and collaboration, which are highly valued in both college and the workplace.

Cultivate Global Citizenship

 Cultural Awareness
Students develop an understanding and appreciation for diverse cultures, traditions, and
perspectives.
 Global Issues
They learn about global challenges, such as climate change, poverty, and conflict, and
develop a sense of responsibility for the world.
 Intercultural Communication
Students develop skills in communicating effectively across cultural boundaries, fostering
understanding and cooperation.

Support Personalized Learning Pathways

 Personalized Learning
The program allows students to learn at their own pace and choose learning activities that
match their interests and learning styles.
 Differentiated Instruction
Teachers provide individualized support and adapt instruction to meet the unique needs
of each student, fostering a supportive learning environment.

K-12 Program Tracks in the Philippines

The K-12 program in the Philippines offers various tracks for students to explore their
interests and prepare for their future careers. This program aims to ensure students are
equipped with the skills and knowledge needed to succeed in higher education or the
workforce.

K-12 Education System Overview

 Elementary Education
Grades 1 to 6, providing a solid foundation in basic subjects like math, science, and
language arts.
 Junior High School
Grades 7 to 10, introducing more complex subjects and preparing students for
specialization.
 Senior High School
Grades 11 and 12, where students choose a track aligned with their career aspirations.
 General Academic Track
Core Subjects Includes English, Filipino, Mathematics, Science, and Social Studies.
Electives Students can choose from a variety of subjects like Arts, Music, Physical
Education, and Technology and Livelihood Education.
Career Pathways Prepares students for a wide range of careers, including education, law,
and business.

Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Track

Science and Deepens understanding of science concepts and develops critical
Technology thinking skills through hands-on experiments and projects.
Engineering and Focuses on problem-solving, design thinking, and application of
Mathematics mathematical principles in real-world scenarios.
Career Opportunities Prepares students for a wide range of careers, including education,
law, and business.

Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) Track

Subjects Focus
Literature, History, Develops critical thinking, communication, and analytical
Philosophy, and the Arts skills.
Social Sciences Provides an understanding of human behavior, societal
structures, and global issues.

Accountancy, Business, and Management (ABM) Track

Business Covers core business principles like accounting, finance, marketing,
Fundamentals and management.
Entrepreneurship Develops skills in identifying business opportunities, creating
business plans, and managing operations.
Career Prospects Prepares students for careers in accounting, finance, management,
and entrepreneurship.

Technical-Vocational-Livelihood (TVL) Track

Trades and Technologies Covers various technical skills such as carpentry, welding,
electronics, and automotive repair.
Information and Focuses on skills in computer programming, web development,
Communications and digital marketing.
Technology (ICT)
Agri-Fishery Arts Provides training in agricultural practices, animal husbandry, and
fishery management.
Home Economics Offers skills in culinary arts, fashion design, and cosmetology.

Sports Track
Physical Fitness Emphasizes physical conditioning, sportsmanship, and health and
wellness.
Sports Specialization Students can choose to specialize in a particular sport, such as
basketball, volleyball, swimming, or track and field.
Career Opportunities Prepares students for careers in professional sports, coaching, and
sports management.

Arts and Design Track

 Visual Arts Covers painting, drawing, sculpture, photography, and graphic design.
Performing Arts Focuses on music, dance, theater, and film.

K-12 Program Grading System in the Philippines

• The Philippine education system implemented the K-12 program in 2011, changing the
previous10-year basic education system to 12 years. This change resulted in a shift in the
grading system for both elementary and high school levels. This presentation will provide
an overview of the K-12 program grading system.
 Organizational Structure of the K-12 Program

The K-12 program in the Philippines is structured to provide a comprehensive and enhanced
education system that includes Kindergarten, six years of elementary education, four years of
junior high school, and two years of senior high school. Governed by the Department of
Education (DepEd), the program is overseen by a central board of directors to ensure strategic
direction and accountability. This centralized governance ensures consistent implementation of
policies and curriculum standards across the country, aiming to produce graduates who are well-
prepared for higher education, employment, or entrepreneurship.

Principles:
 The department of Education must serve the students and the teachers, its primary
constituents;
 The principal, school administrators and teachers-in-charge must exercise instructional
leadership and sound administrative management of the school
 The school is the heart of the formal education system.
 The parents and the community shall be encouraged for active involvement.

What is the organizational structure of the school?

The organizational structure of a school refers to how responsibilities and authorities are
distributed. It includes elements such as administrative hierarchy, academic departments, and
specific roles assigned to each team member.

Organizational Structure Overview

 Centralized Governance
The K-12 program is governed by a central board of directors, ensuring strategic
direction and accountability.
 Decentralized Operations
Each school within the program operates independently, led by a principal who oversees
day-to-day operations.
 Collaborative Approach
The program fosters collaboration between different departments to provide a
comprehensive and holistic educational experience for students.

The DepEd Management Structure

To carry out its mandates and objectives, the Department is organized into two major structural
components.
• Then Central Office
- maintains the overall administration of basic education at the national level.
• The Field offices
- are responsible for the regional and local coordination and administration of the
Department’s mandate.
Department of Education (DepEd)
 The Secretary of the Department of Education shall exercise overall authority and
supervision over the operations of the Department.
 The DepEd is the central governing body responsible for the overall management and
implementation of the K-12 program. It sets policies, provides guidelines, and monitors
the program's effectiveness.
 Strategic Direction- The board sets the overall vision and goals for the program,
ensuring alignment with educational standards and community needs.
 Financial Oversight- The board oversees the program's budget, making informed
decisions regarding resource allocation and program funding.
 Policy Development- The board establishes policies that guide program operations,
addressing issues such as curriculum by formulating national educational plan,
promulgating national education standards also in monitoring and assessing national
learning outcomes, student discipline, and staff recruitment by enhancing the
employment status, professional competence and recruitment process.
 Accountability and Transparency- The board is accountable to the community,
ensuring transparency and open communication regarding program decisions and
performance.

Regional Offices’
 Regional offices handle the implementation of DepEd policies and programs at the
regional level. They oversee the schools within their respective regions and ensure the
program's consistent implementation.
 At the sub-national level, the offices consists sixteen (16) Regional Offices, including the
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM), each headed by a Regional Director
(a Regional Secretary in the case of ARMM).
 There shall be as many regional offices as many be provided by law. Each regional office
shall have a director, an assistant director and office staff for programs promotion and
support, planning, administrative, legal and fiscal services.
 Developing a regional basic educational plan.
 Developing regional educational standards with a view towards bench-marking for
international competitiveness.
 Monitoring, evaluating and assessing regional learning outcomes.
  Undertaking research projects and developing and managing region wide projects
which may be funded through official development assistance and/or other finding
agencies.
 Ensuring strict compliance with prescribed national criteria for the recruitment,
selection and training of all staff in the region and divisions.

Division Offices
 Division offices supervise the implementation of DepEd policies and programs within a
division, which is typically a province or city. They work closely with schools and
districts to ensure program effectiveness.
 A division shall consist of a province or city which shall have schools division
superintendent. There shall be at least one assistant schools division superintendent and
office staff for programs promotion, planning, administrative, fiscal, legal, and ancillary;
and other support services.
 Leadership and Management- The superintendent is responsible for the overall
management of the program, providing direction and support to school leaders.
 Curriculum Development- The central office provides guidance and support for
curriculum development, ensuring alignment with state standards and best practices.
 Human Resources- The central office manages recruitment, hiring, and professional
development for all staff, ensuring a qualified and competent workforce.
 Operations and Support- The central office provides operational support to schools,
including transportation, technology, and facilities management.
District Offices
 District offices oversee clusters of schools within a district. They provide support and
guidance to schools, monitor their performance, and facilitate collaboration among
schools within the district.
 A school district shall have a school district supervisor and office for program promotion.
 Providing professional and instructional advice and support to the school heads and
teachers/facilitators and learning centers in the district or cluster thereof;
 Curricula supervision; and
 Performing such other functions as may be assigned by proper authorities

Schools
 Schools are the basic units where the actual teaching and learning processes occur. They
are headed by school principals and supported by teaching and non-teaching staff.
Schools are responsible for delivering the curriculum and providing a conducive learning
environment for students.
 The School Head/Principals and Administrators
There shall be a school head for all public elementary and public high school or cluster
thereof.
 School Principals and Setting the mission, vision, goals and objectives of the school.
 School Leadership - School principals are responsible for the day-to-day operations
of their schools, ensuring a safe and effective learning environment.
 Instructional Oversight - Principals oversee curriculum implementation, monitoring
student progress, providing support to teachers and being accountable for higher
learning outcomes. They are responsible in developing the school educational
program and improvement plan.
 School Culture and Climate - Principals foster a positive and inclusive school culture,
promoting collaboration and a sense of belonging among students and staff.
 Community Engagement - Principals build strong relationships with parents and the
community, fostering collaboration and shared responsibility for student success.
 Offering educational programs, projects and services which provide equitable
opportunities for all learners in the community.

 Teachers and Instructional Staff

 Curriculum Delivery- Teachers are responsible for delivering the curriculum,
engaging students in learning, and adapting instruction to meet individual needs.
 Student Assessment- Teachers assess student progress, provide feedback, and identify
areas for improvement, guiding students towards academic success.
 Collaboration and Professional Development- Teachers collaborate with colleagues,
engage in professional development, and stay current with educational best practices.
 Student Support- Teachers provide support and guidance to students, fostering their
academic and personal growth.

 Student Support Services

 Counseling Services- School counselors provide academic, personal, and social-
emotional support to students, helping them navigate challenges and reach their full
potential.
 Special Education Services- The program provides individualized support for
students with disabilities, ensuring access to appropriate educational services and
accommodations.
 Health and Wellness Services- The program provides health services, including
physical and mental health care, to support student well-being and academic success.