A line segment extended endlessly The figure formed by two rays with the same

on both sides, is called a line. It is initial point, is called an angle.

↔ ↔ Axiom and Theorem
denoted by AB or BA.
Axiom If a ray stands on a line, then
the sum of the adjacent angles so Types of Angles
formed is 180°, i.e. the sum of the
Collinear and Non-collinear Points (i ) An angle whose measure is more than
linear pair angles is 180°. (Converse is
0° but less than 90°, is called an acute
If three or more than three points lie on also true.)
angle.
the same line, then they are called Theorem If two lines intersect each
collinear points. Otherwise, they are (ii ) An angle whose measure is 90°, is
other, then the vertically opposite
called non-collinear points. called a right angle.
angles are equal.
(iii ) An angle whose measure is more than
90° but less than 180°, is called an
obtuse angle.
(iv ) An angle whose measure is 180°, is
A closed figure formed by three called a straight angle.
Two lines are said to be intersecting intersecting lines is called a triangle.
lines, if they intersect each other at (v ) An angle whose measure is more than
one point. 180° but less than 360°, is called a
reflex angle.
Theorem : Angle Sum Property (vi ) An angle whose measure is 360°, is
of a Triangle called a complete angle.
The sum of all the angles of a triangle is Pair of Angles
If two lines lie in the same plane and 180°.
do not intersect when produced on (i ) Complementary Angles
either side, then such lines are said Two angles are said to be
to be parallel to each other. complementary, if the sum of their
Theorem : Exterior
A straight line which cuts two or measures is 90°.
Angle of a Triangle
more straight lines at distinct point, is (ii ) Supplementary Angles Two angles are
If a side of a triangle is produced, then
called a transversal line. said to be supplementary, if the sum of
the exterior angle so formed is equal to
the sum of the two interior opposite their measures is 180°.
angles. (iii ) Bisector of an Angle A ray which
divides the angle into two equal parts,
Theorem is called the bisector of an angle.
If a transversal intersects two
(iv ) Adjacent Angles Two angles are called
parallel lines, then Theorem
adjacent angles, if
(i ) each pair of alternate interior Lines which are parallel to the same
(a) they have a common vertex.
angles is equal. (Converse is line, are parallel to each other.
(b) they have a common arm.
also true.)
(c) their non-common arms are on
(ii ) each pair of interior angles on different sides of the common arm.
the same side of the transversal
(v ) Linear Pair of Angles If the non-
is supplementary. (Converse is Corresponding Angles common arms of two adjacent angles
also true.) Axiom form a line, then these angles are
If a transversal intersects two parallel called linear pair of angles.
lines, then each pair of corresponding (vi ) Vertically Opposite Angles Two angles
angles is equal. (Converse is also true.) are said to be a pair of vertically
opposite angles, if their arms form two