Woodgrove Secondary School

Mathematics Worksheet

Name: ______________________________ ( ) Date: ___________ Class: __________

Integration with differentiation

Question 1
(a) Differentiate 5 x − 1 with respect to x.
2
10
(b) Hence find 
1 5x − 1
dx .

Answer Key
5
(a) (b) 4
2 5x − 1

Solution
(a)
1
d 1 −
5 x − 1 = (5 x − 1) 2 (5)
dx 2
5
=
2 5x − 1
(b)
2 2
10 2 5

1 5x − 1
dx =
5
 10
1 2 5 x − 1
dx

=
20
5

5x − 1 1
2


= 4 5(2) − 1 − 5(1) − 1 
=4
Question 2
(a) Show that
d
dx

(2 x + 3) 4 x − 3 =  12 x
4x − 3
.

8
x
(b) Hence, evaluate 
2 4x − 3
dx .

Answer Key
(b) 7.22

Solution
(a)
1 −1

d
dx
(2 x + 3) ( )
4 x − 3 = (2 x + 3)  (4 x − 3) 2 (4) + 4 x − 3(2) 
2 
−1
= (4 x − 3) [2(2 x + 3) + 2(4 x − 3)]
2

12 x
= (shown)
4x − 3

1
(b)
8 1
 12 
2
12 
 dx =
4x − 3 
1
12
 8
(2 x + 3) 4 x − 3 2 
=
1
12

(16 + 3) 29 − 7 5 
= 7.22

Question 3
d  3 x 2  3 x ( x + 2) 3
3x( x + 2)
Show that  =
dx  1 + x  (1 + x) 2
. Hence evaluate  2(1 + x)
1
2
dx .

Answer Key
5
2
8

Solution
d  3 x 2  (1 + x)(6 x) − 3 x 2 (1)
 =
dx  1 + x  (1 + x) 2
6 x + 6 x 2 − 3x 2
=
(1 + x) 2
3x 2 + 6 x
=
(1 + x) 2
3 x ( x + 2)
= (shown)
(1 + x) 2

3
3x( x + 2) 1 3 3 x( x + 2)
1 2(1 + x) 2 dx = 2 1 (1 + x) 2 dx
3
1  3x 2 
=  
2 1 + x 1
1  3(3) 2 3 
=  − 
2 4 2
5
=2
8

Question 4
d  x  3
(a) Show that  = .

dx  3x − x 2 
 2 (3x − x )
2 3

2 4x
(b) Hence, evaluate 1
(3 x − x 2 ) 3
dx .

Answer Key
(b) 1.89
2
Solution
(a)
1
1 1
−
(3 x − x 2 ) 2 (1) − x (3x − x 2 ) 2 (3 − 2 x)
d  x  2
 =
dx  
3x − x 2  (3 x − x 2 )
 
1
− 3
(3 x − x ) (3 x − x 2 ) − x + x 2 
2 2

=  2 
(3 x − x )
2

3x
= (shown)
2 (3x − x 2 )
(b)
2
 
2 2
4x 3x
dx = 4   dx
1 (3x − x 2 ) 3 1 2 (3 x − x 2 )
2
8 x 
=  
3  (3x − x 2 ) 
1

8
= = 1.89 (3 sig. fig.)
3 2

Question 5
d  x  1
(a) Show that  = .
dx  5 x + 1  (5 x + 1) 2
2
 2  2
(b) Hence, or otherwise, evaluate    dx .
1 5x + 1
 

Answer Key
1 2
(a) (b)
(5 x + 1) 2 33

Solution
(a)
d  x  5x + 1 − 5x
 =
dx  5 x + 1  (5 x + 1) 2
1
=
(5 x + 1) 2
(b)
2
2 2  2 1
 1  5x + 1  dx = 4 1 (5x + 1) 2 dx
2
 x 
= 4
 5 x + 11
 2 1
= 4 − 
11 6 
2
=
33
3
Question 6
(a) Differentiate xe5x with respect to x.
1 4e 5 + 1
(b) Use your answer in (a) to show that  0
xe 5 x =
25
.

Solution
(a)
d
( xe5 x ) = x(5e5 x ) + e5 x (1) = 5 xe5 x + e5 x
dx
(b)
1
 0
5 xe 5 x + e 5 x dx = [ xe 5 x ] 10
1 1
5 xe 5 x dx +  e 5 x dx = e 5
0 0
1
1  e5x 
5 xe dx +   = e 5
5x

 5 0
0

1 1 1
5 xe 5 x dx +  e 5 −  = e 5
0
5 5
1 1 1
5 xe 5 x dx = e 5 − e 5 +
0 5 5
5
1 4e 1
5 xe 5 x dx = +
0 5 5
1 4e + 1
5

 0 xe dx = 25 (shown)
5x

Question 7

Differentiate x sin 3x with respect to x. Hence, evaluate  6
0
x cos 3 x dx .

Answer Key
0.0634

Solution
d
x sin(3x) = 3x cos 3x + sin 3x
dx
 

 [3 x cos 3 x + sin(3 x)] dx = [ x sin(3 x)]

6 6
0
0

 

 cos 3 x  6
 [3 x cos(3 x) dx] +  − = [ x sin(3 x)] 06
6

0  3  0

 1
 [3 x cos(3 x) dx] = −
6

0 6 3

1  1
 [ x cos(3 x) dx] =  − 
6

0 3  18 3 
 1
= − = 0.0634
18 9
4
Question 8
(a) Differentiate 2x sin x with respect to x.

3
(b) Use your answer to part (a) to evaluate  x cosx dx , giving your answers correct to 2 decimal places.
0

Answer Key
(a) 2 x cos x + 2 sin x or 2( x cos x + sin x) (b) 0.41

Solution
(a)
d2 x sin x  d(sin x)   d(2 x) 
= 2x  + sin x  
dx  dx   dx 
= 2 x cos x + 2 sin x or 2( x cos x + sin x)
(b)
d[2 x sin x]
= 2 x cos x + 2 sin x
dx
  
[2 x sin x] 30 =  3 2 x cos x dx +  3 2 sin x dx
0 0
 

3 2 sin x dx = − 2 cos x 03

0

      
2 x sin x 30 = 2  sin  − 2(0) sin(0)
  3   3 
= 0.41

Question 9
(a) Differentiate x 2 ln x with respect to x.
e
 (4 x ln x) dx = e +1.
2
(b) Hence, use your result to show that
1

Solution
(a)
d 2 1
( x ln x) = x 2   + 2 x ln x
dx  x
= x + 2 x ln x

(b)
e
 ( x + 2 x ln x) dx = [ x
2
ln x]1e
1
e
1 2  e
 2 x  + 1 (2 x ln x) dx = e − 0
2

 1
1 2 1 e
e − +  (2 x ln x) dx = e 2
2 2 1
e 1 2 1
1 (2 x ln x) dx = 2 e + 2
e
 (4 x ln x) dx = e + 1 (shown)
2
1

5
Question 10
(a) Differentiate x2 ln 3x + x with respect to x.
3
(b) Hence, find the exact value of  1
x ln 3x dx .

Answer Key
17
(a) 2x ln 3x + x + 1 (b) ln 3 − 2
2
Solution
(a)
d 2  3
( x ln 3x + x) = 2 x ln 3x + x 2   + 1
dx  3x 
= 2 x ln 3x + x + 1

d 2
(b) ( x ln 3x + x) = 2 x ln 3x + x + 1
dx

3

1
  −  ( x + 1) dx
2 x ln 3x dx = x 2 ln 3 x + x
3
1
3

= (3) ln 9 + 3 − ln 3 − 1 −  x
3
1 
2 2
+ x
2  1
= (18 ln 3 − ln 3 + 2) − 6
= 17 ln 3 − 4

3 17
  x ln 3x dx = ln 3 − 2
1 2
Question 11
x
(a) Express in partial fractions.
( x − 2) 2
4
x
(b) Hence, evaluate  dx .
3 ( x − 2) 2

Answer Key
x 1 2
(a) = + (b) 1.69
( x − 2) 2
( x − 2) ( x − 2) 2

Solution
(a)
x A B
Let = +
( x − 2) 2
x − 2 ( x − 2) 2 f
x = A( x − 2) + B
Comparing coefficient of x, A = 1
Comparing coefficient of x0,
0 = −2 A + B
B=2
x 1 2
 = +
( x − 2) 2 ( x − 2) ( x − 2) 2
6
(b)
4 1 2 4 1

3
+
x − 2 ( x − 2) 2
dx = 
3 x−2
+ 2( x − 2) − 2 dx
4
 2( x − 2) −1 
= ln( x − 2) + 
 −1  3
= [ln( x − 2) − 2( x − 2) −1 ] 34

 2
ln 2 − 2  − [ln 1 − 2] = ln 2 − 1 + 2
 
= ln 2 + 1
= 1.96

Question 12
7x − 4
(a) Express in partial fractions.
x2 − x3
7x − 4
1

(b) Hence, evaluate  2

1
3 x2 − x3
dx , leaving your answer in a + b ln c where a, b and c are constants.

Answer Key
3x − 4 3 3 4 3
(a) + or − 2 + (b) − 4 + 3 ln 2
x 2
(1 − x) x x (1 − x)

Solution
Ax + B A
(a) 2
or where A = 3
x x
Ax + B B
2
or 2 where B = −4
x x
C
where C = 3
(1 − x)
7 x − 4 3x − 4 3 3 4 3
= + or − 2 +
x −x
2 3
x 2
(1 − x) x x (1 − x)

(b)
3
1− x
dx = −3 ln(1 − x)

3x − 4 4
 x 2
dx = 3 ln x +
x
= −4 + 3 ln 2