About Varel International ..................................................................

1
Varel Cutter Technology ................................................................ 2-3
Fixed Cutter Bit Nomenclature ......................................................... 4
Fixed Cutter Features .................................................................... 5-7
TOUGH-DRILL Bits Description .................................................... 8-9
Navigator Bits Description ......................................................... 10-11
VB Series Bits Description......................................................... 12-13
Hole Opening Bits Description................................................... 14-15
Specialty Bits .................................................................................. 16
Fixed Cutter Reference Tables
Nozzle Series 55 .................................................................. 17
Nozzle Series 65 .................................................................. 17
Make-Up Torque ................................................................... 17
Gage Diameter Tolerances .................................................... 17
Diamond Drill Bit and PDC Bit Connection ............................... 17
Nozzle Total Flow Area .......................................................... 18
API Casing Dimensions and Bit Diameters .................................... 19
Drill Collar Weights ......................................................................... 20
API Conversion Tables ................................................................... 21
Sales Offce ......................................................................Back Cover
T a b l e o f Co n T e n T s
V a r e l I n T e r n aT I o n a l
1
a b I T o f a s u C C e s s s T o r y
Performance reliability expertise value service.
These are the cornerstones of Varel International, the worlds
largest independent manufacturer of premium drill bits for the
global oil and gas industry. Varel offers a comprehensive product
line of roller cone and fxed cutter/polycrystalline diamond
compact (PDC) drill bits that have evolved and improved through
the technological advances and the engineering expertise of its
qualifed staff.
Founded in 1947, Varel remained a privately held company
producing roller cone air bits for the mining industry. In 1978,
Varel introduced its frst range of sealed bearing products and
was merged through two subsequent acquisitions. The change
in ownership further advanced and improved the company to the
level of success it holds today as a world leader in both the roller
cone and fxed cutter drill bit industry.
The frst acquisition brought a new management team that
helped expand Varel and grow its capabilities and product
offerings for both the global oil and gas/mining markets. During
this time, Varel enhanced and expanded its engineering and
manufacturing capabilities, adding fxed cutter bits and focusing
on delivering value to its customers. Additionally, Varel increased
its international presence by adding a signifcant worldwide sales
and support team.
The TeChnologICal edge
In 2005, Varel was acquired by KRG Capital Partners, a
private equity frm in Denver, providing the additional capital
the company needed to further expand its product offerings,
proprietary technology and services worldwide. Since that time,
Varel has aligned its engineering and manufacturing capabilities
to provide products that consistently deliver reliability and
optimum product performance, thereby lowering customers per
foot drilling costs.
Varel is centrally located with headquarters in Carrollton, Texas,
just north of Dallas, where the company manufactures carbide
inserts for its tungsten carbide bits and has an impressive
roller cone manufacturing facility in Matamoros, Mexico.
The companys state-of-the-art fxed cutter manufacturing
facilities are in Houston and Tarbes, France.
Varel proudly serves as a major drill bit supplier to many majors,
large independents and national oil companies operating in the
international and domestic oil and gas drilling fronts. Innovative,
yet cost-effective drilling solutions for vertical and directional
wells for land and offshore projects is what customers have come
to expect from Varel.
2
V a r e l f I x e d Cu T T e r dr I l l b I T T e C h n o l o g y
VALUE THROUGH TECHNOLOGY
Value Through Technology
The drilling industry continues to see improvements in fxed cutter
bit development. These gains, are having positive effects on
drilling performance and are also reducing operational costs.
There is still the need to improve rate of
penetration (ROP), durability, and bit
stabilization, especially in harsh drilling
environments. In addition, performance
effciency in directional drilling programs also
needs improvement. These challenges, if left
unattended, will drive up drilling costs. As our valued customer,
you have clearly stated what you want PERFORMANCE.
At Varel, we are fully committed to bringing
you VALUE through TECHNOLOGY.
Our product development processes have been
adapted to ensure technological innovations
in the following disciplines bit design concepts,
PDC cutter development and hydraulic
performance optimization as they relate to
specifc applications and/or drilling challenges.
Our elaborate R&D efforts have
resulted in the development of the
following product design tools
GeoScience
TM
(formation drillability
analysis), SPOT
TM
(bit behavior analysis
and performance prediction), and
CFD (hydraulic design optimization).
In addition, we continue to develop
unique PDC cutters for
specifc applications.
VarelstandsforPERFORMANCE.
Andwearecommittedtobringingyou
VALUEthroughTECHNOLOGY.
3
V a r e l Cu T T e r T e C h n o l o g y
Wear Flat Comparison
The picture shows wear fat comparisons between standard
premium cutters and specialized Varel high abrasion resistance
cutters under identical conditions.
High Performance PDC Cutter
Application-specifc PDC cutters, which incorporate advanced
carbide interface geometries (CIG) and materials science
technologies, are used in Varel bits. The carbide interface
geometries are modeled using fnite element analysis (FEA) to
minimize damaging residual stresses (axial, hoop and radial).
This process drastically improves the impact resistance of the
PDC cutters.
Diamond grades are then selected, analyzed and prepared to
maximize abrasion resistance (see chart below).
Wear Flat Comparison
Standard Premium Cutter
Varel High Abrasion
Resistance Cutter
Carbide Interface
Geometries (CIG)
Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
Comparision of Abrasion Resistance
Normalized Diamond Volume Removed
(due to cutter wear)

Varel
High Abrasion
Cutters
Standard
Premium
Cutters
Abrasion resistance comparison, at identical test conditions, between standard
premium cutters and specialized Varel high abrasion resistance cutters.
(
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i
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e
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i
s

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e
t
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e
r
)
N
o
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e
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o
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o
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e

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e
m
o
v
e
d
Carbide Interface
Geometries (CIG)
Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
f I x e d Cu T T e r b I T no m e n C l aT u r e
4
V TD 6 16 NX
Indicates that it is a VAREL product
Product Line Type
Blade Count
First Digit
Standard PDC Bit
RT - Navigator Point the bit
RP - Navigator Push the bit
M - Navigator Steerable Motor
H - Hole Opening Bicenter
B - Lateral Jets and Oval Cutters
CB - Core Bit
TD - Tough Drill
N - Natural Diamond
P - TSP
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
09
1
13
16
19
13O
2
16O
19O
23O
* 100
** 300
*** 500
S - Steel Body
B - Box connection
T - Turbine Sleeve
P - Power cutters (DR no longer exist)

G - Premium Gage

L - Lateral Jets
N - Nozzle Pattern less than One Nozzle per Blade
H - Nozzle Pattern in Excess of One Nozzle per Blade

W - Crown TSP
U - Up Drill / Back Ream
X - Shock Studs
First Digit
Blade
Count
Second Digit
Cutter Size
& Shape
Suffix Features Product Line Type
Designates Round Cutters
* Soft formation design (N and P product line)
** Medium formation design (N and P product line)
*** Hard formation design (N and P product line)
Designates Oval Cutters

Vb616
PDC bit with oval cutters, lateral jets, 6 blades, 6 nozzles and
16mm cutters
Vn300
Natural diamond bit for medium hard formation

Vh813
Bi-center PDC with 8 blades and 13mm cutters

VrT813o
Navigator point-the-bit with 8 blades and 13mm oval cutters

VTd616gnx
TOUGH-DRILL Bit with 6 blades, less than 6 nozzles,
premium gage, and shock studs
Cutter Size & Shape
Second Digit
Bit Suffx Feature
5
f I x e d Cu T T e r f e aT u r e s
Cu T T I n g s T r u C T u r e f e aT u r e s
u up drIll / baCk ream
When directional drilling hole wall sloughing, keyseating, or
severe dog legs can occur requiring action. The updrill feature
allows hole wall cleaning as you ream the well bore eliminating
problems.
x shoCk sTuds
Shock Studs limit drill bit vibration and increase stability. When
drilling conditions cause a vibration, Shock Studs make contact
with the formation to help restore the bits normal smooth
cutting action. Smooth cutting action increases cutter life and
overall bit performance.
p powerCuTTers
Varels high-density Powercutter arrangement gives enhanced bit life through
a variety of rock types without sacrifcing ROP. The new Powercutter cutting
structure provides extra exposure and cutter density on the critical shoulder
area of the bit. Bits can now achieve maximum rates of penetration through
one rock formation and then continue to penetrate harder sand or limestone
beds without excessive wear or damage e.g. interbedded formations.
w Crown Tsp
Thermally Stable Polycrystalline diamond material is
benefcially placed behind PDC cutters to improve bit stability
with a grooving effect. A unique wear pattern is created
increasing PDC cutter indentation as the cutter wears down.
ga g e f e aT u r e s
f I x e d Cu T T e r f e aT u r e s
6
hy d r a u l I C s op T I o n s
g premIum gage
Premium gage protection is designed to insure
that correct hole diameter is maintained. A variety
of gage confgurations exists. The premium gage
consists of Thermally Stable Polycrystalline
diamond rounds, Tungsten Carbide bricks and
PDC (Polycrystalline Diamond Compact) cutters.
The number of pre-fat PDC cutters in the gage is
the only option with this feature.
T TurbIne sleeVe
Turbine sleeves can be customized to specifc lengths and diameters to match
each individual requirement. Sleeves are designed so the junk slots match the bit
junk slots eliminating intersections, making the design hydraulically effcient. Gage
protection on the sleeve can also be matched to the customers need.
l laTeral JeT nozzles
Varel bits can use highly angled lateral nozzles located near
the center of the bit in combination with traditional nozzles
to create cross fow hydraulics. This cross fow optimizes
hydraulic energy, cooling and cleaning of the cutters, enhanced
chip removal, effciently sweeping cuttings away from the bit
face into the annulus. This hydraulic confguration promotes
faster ROP and reduces cutter wear for longer bit life.
7
f I x e d Cu T T e r f e aT u r e s
b box ConneCTIon
Box connections are most commonly used in conjunction with
a turbine sleeve so that crossover subs are not required when
connecting to turbines, RSS and other downhole tools.
oT h e r f e aT u r e s
h nozzle paTTern
With the H feature, a bit will have more
than one nozzle per blade. The number
of nozzles will be determined by the
application or bit design. Typical nozzle
pattern is one nozzle per blade.
hy d r a u l I C s op T I o n s
n nozzle paTTern
With the N feature, a bit will have less
than one nozzle per blade. The number
of nozzles will be determined by the
application or bit design. Typical nozzle
pattern is one nozzle per blade.
s sTeel body
Steel body drill bit designs are typically used in applications
where open-faced hydraulics and aggressive cutting structures
are required. They can provide for faster penetrating bits than
conventional matrix designs.
Varels TOUGH-DRILL PDC bits are designed for hard rock
applications. Due to their improved stabilization characteristics,
these bits address the ROP and durability challenges
experienced when drilling hard and/or abrasive formations.
TOUGH-DRILL bits combine advanced cutting structure
layouts, high performance PDC cutters and superior hydraulic
confgurations to ensure ROP and durability improvements.
Through their comprehensive engineering and development
process, TOUGH-DRILL bits reduce impact damage, improve
cleaning and cutter cooling effciencies. The high abrasion
resistant cutters used in TOUGH-DRILL bits drastically
minimize cutter wear. Our performance continues to validate
our claims.
hydraulICs
As part of the product development process, TOUGH-DRILL
bits go through elaborate computational fuid dynamics (CFD)
evaluations. CFD eliminates re-grinding and re-circulation of
drilled cuttings, a common occurrence when drilling hard and
abrasive applications. In addition, possible stagnation zones
are identifed and eliminated. This sophisticated process
improves cleaning effciency, cutter cooling and ROP.
8
T OUGH- DRI L L BI T s
Shown: 8 3/4 VTD616PG
9
TOUGH-DRI LL AvAI LABI LI Ty:
3 T o 18 ( 88. 9 mm T o 469. 9 mm) I n maT rI x
8 T o 26 ( 215. 9 mm T o 660. 4 mm) I n sT eel
adVanCed CuTTIng sTruCTure
TOUGH-DRILL bits are developed using Varels proprietary
design software called SPOT. Using extensive single cutter
tests and full scale bit tests in laboratory and feld conditions,
SPOT ensures cutting structure optimization for specifc
applications. SPOT models complete bit behavior in different
rock types during a simulated drilling process. This tool also
evaluates cutter wear as a result of friction and heat transfer.
Using appropriate rock geology and mechanical properties,
SPOT also performs sensitivity analysis for various drilling
parameters (WOB and RPM) to evaluate their effects on ROP,
cutter wear, bit vibrations and footage drilled. Using SPOT
improves the ROP and increases the footage drilled of each
TOUGH-DRILL bit.
hIgh performanCe CuTTers
Application-specific PDC cutters incorporating advanced
carbide interface geometries (CIG) and materials
technologies are used in TOUGH-DRILL bits. The carbide
interface geometries are modeled using finite element
analysis (FEA) to minimize damaging residual stresses (axial,
hoop and radial) improving impact resistance and extending
cutter life, resulting in improved bit life. Diamond grades are
then selected, analyzed and prepared to maximize abrasion
resistance (see chart on page 3).
powerCuTTer CuTTIng sTruCTure
Varels high-density Powercutter arrangement gives
enhanced bit life when drilling a variety of rock types without
sacrificing ROP. The new Powercutter cutting structure
provides extra exposure and cutter density on the critical
shoulder area of the bit. Bits can now achieve maximum rates
of penetration through one rock formation and then continue
to penetrate harder sand or limestone beds without excessive
wear or damage e.g. interbedded formations.
Varels Navigator bits are engineered specifcally for directional
wells. Each bit is custom designed to a specifc directional profle
for a given application. Varel believes that the bit is the most
important factor affecting directional drilling success. Therefore,
a bits ability to achieve a given well bore objective relies upon
two key design factors: steerability and directional behavior.
Varels Navigator bits possess the key design elements affecting
bit steerability and directional behavior helping you achieve your
drilling objectives.
The bit design process for Navigator bits utilizes GeoScience,
SPOT and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). GeoScience
is Varels proprietary mechanical rock properties model that
utilizes well logs. Output information from GeoScience is fed into
the design process through SPOT, Varels proprietary design
software, allowing bit designers to accurately model bit dynamics.
The CFD program examines the nozzle orientation for optimum
bit and hole bottom cleaning. By taking all these parameters into
account we fne tune the bit design for the application, making it
the most effective solution for your directional application.
o-rIng sTuds
Additional matrix material in the shape of an o-ring is placed
directly behind specifc cutters. This additional material helps
manage the torque generated by modern steerable systems
while maintaining orientation for increased ROP and reduced
sliding time.
updrIll feaTure
When drilling a directional well, such negative outcomes like hole
wall sloughing, keyseating, or severe dog legs can occur. Varels
updrill feature allows hole wall cleaning as you ream the well bore
helping eliminate such problems.
NAv I G AT O R BI T s
10
aCTIVe gage CuTTers
Push-the-bit systems require active
gage designs. Navigator bits are
designed to shear the formation
laterally when high side forces are
applied by this system.
Shown: 6 1/8 MNS65
11
NAvI GATOR AvAI LABI LI Ty:
6 T o 17 ( 152. 4 mm T o 444. 5 mm) I n maT rI x
hydraulICs
Navigator bits go through elaborate computational fuid
dynamics (CFD) evaluations to identify and eliminate possible
stagnation zones. During this process, bit and bottom hole
cleaning are optimized to enhance bit performance. Nozzle
orientation is also examined to insure borehole quality for
steerability purposes. This sophisticated process improves
cleaning effciency, cutter cooling and ROP.
adVanCed CuTTIng sTruCTure
Navigator bits use Varels proprietary software called SPOT.
Using extensive single cutter tests and full scale bit tests in
laboratory and feld conditions, SPOT ensures cutting structure
optimization for specifc applications. SPOT models complete
bit behavior in different rock types during a simulated drilling
process. Additionally, this tool evaluates cutter wear as a result
of friction and heat transfer. Using appropriate rock geology and
mechanical properties, SPOT also performs sensitivity analysis
for various drilling parameters (WOB and RPM) to evaluate
their effects on ROP, cutter wear, bit vibrations and footage
drilled. Using SPOT improves the ROP and increases the
footage drilled of each Navigator bit.
hIgh performanCe CuTTers
Application-specifc PDC cutters incorporating advanced
carbide interface geometries (CIG) and materials technologies
are used in TOUGH-DRILL bits. The carbide interface
geometries are modeled using fnite element analysis (FEA)
to minimize damaging residual stresses (axial, hoop and
radial) improving impact resistance and extending cutter life,
resulting in improved bit life. Diamond grades are then selected,
analyzed and prepared to maximize abrasion resistance
(see chart on page 3).
vB s e R I e s BI T s
12
Shown: 8 1/2 VB616
laTeral JeT nozzles
VB bits use lateral jet nozzles located near the center of the bit.
These nozzles are oriented in such a way that, when combined
with traditional nozzles, create cross fow hydraulics. This cross
fow optimizes hydraulic energy, cooling and cleaning of the cutters,
enhanced chip removal and effciently sweeps cuttings away from the
bit face into the annulus. This hydraulic confguration promotes faster
ROP and reduces cutter wear for longer bit life.
As part of the product
development process,
all Varel bits utilize
Computational Fluid
Dynamics evaluations.
Varels VB product line is a premium line of matrix bits
featuring two very unique featuresoval cutters and lateral
hydraulic jet nozzles. The VB series is designed to provide
better ROP and longer life than bits designed only with
conventional round cutters and hydraulic package.
The oval cutter provides more diamond exposure than a round
cutter sharing the same diamond width. The sharper tip profle
of the oval cutter produces higher point loading, converting
applied weight more effciently than a round cutter, thereby
increasing ROP.
The lateral jet nozzles, located near the center of the bit,
provide greater effciencies directing fow across the face of the
bit for optimal cleaning and cooling of cutters. Lateral nozzles,
in combination with conventional nozzles, produce higher ROP
and increased bit life.
13
vB seRI es AvAI LABI LI Ty:
6 T o 17 ( 152. 4 mm T o 444. 5 mm) I n maT rI x
oVal CuTTer
The unique oval cutter design delivers 42% more diamond
exposure than a round cutter of the same width. Because
of its unique shape, the increased exposure provides more
footage drilled and improved bit life helping lower your cost per
foot. Additionally, the oval cutter design produces higher point
loading converting applied weight on bit more effciently and
dulling with a smaller wear fat than a round cutter of the same
width.
powerCuTTer CuTTIng sTruCTure
Varels high-density Powercutter arrangement gives
enhanced bit life when drilling a variety of rock types without
sacrificing ROP. The new Powercutter cutting structure
provides extra exposure and cutter density on the critical
shoulder area of the bit. Bits can now achieve maximum rates
of penetration through one rock formation and then continue
to penetrate harder sand or limestone beds without excessive
wear or damage e.g. interbedded formations.
adVanCed CuTTIng sTruCTure
VB bits are developed using Varels proprietary design
software called SPOT. Using extensive single cutter tests
and full scale bit tests in laboratory and field conditions,
SPOT ensures cutting structure optimization for specific
applications. SPOT models complete bit behavior in different
rock types during a simulated drilling process. In addition, it
evaluates cutter wear as a result of friction and heat transfer.
Using appropriate rock geology and mechanical properties,
SPOT also performs sensitivity analysis for various drilling
parameters (i.e., weight on bit, WOB, and revolutions per
minute, RPM) to evaluate their effects on ROP, cutter wear,
bit vibrations and footage drilled. Using SPOT improves the
ROP and increases the footage drilled of each VB bit.
Oval cutter
Exposure
A
B
Round cutter
Exposure
Center line
Additional drilling capacity = 42%
oVal CuTTer adVanTage
Varels bi-center bits are designed to enlarge the well bore,
drilling 15 to 25% larger than the pass through well bore in all
types of PDC drillable formations. The bi-center bits are used
to increase lateral diameter, to replace under reaming, to help
control trouble zones, and for expandable tubulars. The matrix
material construction resists erosion and abrasion found when
drilling oilfeld applications. The one-piece design shortens the
overall bit length for better directional control. Varel bi-center
bits also have an innovative force balanced cutting structure
which minimizes cutter and casing damage when drilling out.
Additionally, Varels unique design minimizes bit vibrations
often experienced with conventional hole opening tools thereby
resulting in longer downhole tool life and reduced drilling costs.
one-pIeCe ConsTruCTIon
Varels unique design, shortens the overall bit length for
better directional control and eliminates the need to have a
connection and weld between the pilot bit and the reamer
section of the bi-center. The one piece construction also allows
for optimal hydraulic confguration with pilot and reamer blade
alignment, optimizing cuttings removal and improving ROP.
hydraulIC desIgn
Nozzle placement, pilot bit and reamer blade alignment
provide a direct fow path to the annulus. The junk slot area
is maintained or increased, resulting in no decrease in fuid
velocity and improved cuttings removal between the pilot
and reamer.
spIraled blades
Varels bi-center bits are designed with spiral blades to provide
better contact with the casing during drill out. Spiral blades
stabilize the bit ensuring less damage to the casing and
resulting in better well bore quality.
The drill-out feature, designed for Varels bi-center bit, was recently
awarded a Woelfel Best Mechanical Engineering Achievement Merit Award.
The annual award, sponsored by American Society of Mechanical
Engineers - International Petroleum Institute Petroleum Division
(ASME-IPTI), recognizes a product or system that demonstrates a practical
solution to an engineering challenge in offshore technology.
HO L e Op e N I N G BI T s
14
Shown:
7 1/2 x 8 1/2 VH813
15
HOLe OpeNeRs AvAILABILITy:
3 x 4
1
/8 To 14 x 17 (95.25 mm x 104.8 mm To 14.34 mm x 444.5 mm) In maTrIx
CuTTIng sTruCTure drIll ouT feaTure
Varels Casing Saver Design cutting structure feature provides a
reliable drill out mode while protecting the cutting structure inside
the casing. Because of the bi-center bits unique application, the
bit design is not symmetrical. When drilling out from casing, the bit
rotates on the casing centerline and not the bit centerline. This off
center rotation of conventional bits can cause damage to cutters
located near the center of the pilot bit. This cutter damage is due
to backward rotation of cutters located between the bit centerline
and the casing centerline in the pilot bit. However, Varel has
repositioned cutters between the two centerlines in the nose of
the pilot bit. Our design minimizes the possibility of cutter damage
while inside the casing in drill out mode. As the bit transitions to
formation drilling the cutters begin to rotate normally about the
bit centerline and cut the formation. This small but unique design
philosophy prevents cutter damage when drilling out allowing
effcient rockcutter interaction during formation drilling.
forCe balanCIng
During the design process, the pilot and reamer cutting structure
are force balanced as a single unit. This provides increased drilling
effciencies in both vertical and deviated wells. Improved ROP,
increased durability and better directional control are all benefts of
Varels force balancing.
CasIng saVer desIgn
Pilot bit design, spiral blades, non contact gage cutters and casing
saver technology all result in minimal casing damage during drill out.
Bicenter Drillling Cement Inside the Casing Bicenter in Formation
speCIalTy bITs
Varel offers a variety of bits and core bits manufactured with
natural diamond, Thermally Stable Polycrystalline (TSP)
and Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) materials,
available for specifc drilling applications. All designs are
available in matrix with size availability ranging from 4 to
17 (101.6 mm to 444.5 mm).

For additional details, please contact your Varel
representative.
sp e c I A L T y BI T s : NAT U R A L DI A mOND , T sp A ND cOR e BI T s
16
Shown: 6 VN300
Shown: 6 x 2
5
/8 C320
Shown: 6 x 2
5
/8 CK571
Shown: 6 x 2
5
/8 C400
Shown: 8
1
/2 VP500
Shown: 8
3
/8 VN300
Shown: 8
1
/2 VN300
Shown: 8
3
/8 VP300
Shown: 5
1
/2 x 6 VHP300
Shown: 12
1
/4 x 5
1
/4 CK58
r e f e r e n C e
17
nozzl e serI es 55 & 65, makeup T orque
gage dI ameT er Tol eranCes
dI amond drI l l bI T & pdC bI T ConneCT I on
./::,%3%2)%3
Diameter
in.
9/32
10/32
11/32
12/32
13/32
14/32
15/32
16/32
17/32
18/32
mm
7.14
7.94
8.73
9.53
10.32
11.11
11.91
12.70
13.49
14.29
./::,%3%2)%3
Diameter
in.
9/32
10/32
11/32
12/32
13/32
14/32
15/32
16/32
17/32
18/32
19/32
20/32
21/32
22/32
mm
7.14
7.94
8.73
9.53
10.32
11.11
11.91
12.70
13.49
14.29
15.08
15.88
16.67
17.46
-!+%504/215%
Diameter
in.
3-3/4 to 4-1/2"
4-5/8 to 4-7/8"
5 to 7-1/4"
7-1/2 to 9-1/4"
9-7/8 to 14-1/2"
14-3/4 to 18-1/2"
API Connection
in.
2-3/8" REG
2-7/8" REG
3-1/2" REG
4-1/2" REG
6-5/8" REG
7-5/8" REG
Recommended Torque
ft./lbs.
3000 - 3500
6000 - 7000
7000 - 9000
12000 - 16000
28000 - 32000
34000 - 40000
&)8%$#544%2'!'%$)!-%4%24/,%2!.#%3
Bit Size, OD
in.
6 3/4 and smaller
6 25/32 to 9 inclusive
9 1/32 to 13 3/4 inclusive
13 25/32 to 17 1/2 inclusive
17 17/32 and larger
Diamond Drilling, Diamond Core, and PDC Bit Tolerances
OD Tolerances
in.
+ 0 - 0.015
+ 0 - 0.020
+ 0 - 0.030
+ 0 - 0.045
+ 0 - 0.063
mm
+ 0 - 0.38
+ 0 - 0.51
+ 0 - 0.76
+ 0 - 1.14
+ 0 - 1.60
$)!-/.$$2),,")4!.$0$#")4#/..%#4)/.
Size of Bit
in.
1.75 to 2.24 inclusive
2.25 to 3.49 inclusive
3.50 to 4.5 inclusive
4 17/32 to 5 inclusive
5 1/32 to 7 3/8 inclusive
7 13/32 to 9 3/8 inclusive
9 13/32 to 14 1/2 inclusive
14 9/16 to 18 1/2 inclusive
18 9/16 and larger
Size & Style of Rotary
Pin Connection
1 reg^b
1 1/2 reg^c
2 3/8 reg
2 7/8 reg
3 1/2 reg
4 1/2 reg
6 5/8 reg
6 5/8 reg or 7 5/8 reg
7 5/8 reg or 8 5/8 reg
Bit Sub Bevel Dia.^a
inches +/- 1/64
1.500
1.932
3.047
3 39/64
4 7/64
5 21/64
7 23/64
7 23/64 or 8 15/32
8 15/32 or 9 35/64
millimeters +/- 0.40
38.10
49.07
77.39
91.68
104.38
135.33
186.93
186.93 or 215.11
215.11 or 242.49
Bit Bevel Dia. ^a
inches +/- 1/64
1.532
1.964
3.078
3 41/64
4 9/64
5 23/64
7 25/64
7 25/64 or 8 1/2
8 1/2 or 9 37/64
millimeters +/- 0.40
38.91
49.89
78.18
93.66
105.17
136.13
187.72
187.72 or 215.90
218.90 or 243.28
r e f e r e n C e
no z z l e T o T a l f l o w ar e a
18
./::,%4/4!,&,/7!2%!4&!4!",%
Nozzle Flow Area (square inches)
Nozzle
Size
7/32
8/32
9/32
10/32
11/32
12/32
13/32
14/32
15/32
16/32
18/32
20/32
22/32
24/32
26/32
28/32
1
Nozzle
0.0375
0.0490
0.0621
0.0766
0.0928
0.1104
0.1296
0.1503
0.1725
0.1963
0.2485
0.3067
0.3712
0.4417
0.5184
0.6013
2
Nozzles
0.0751
0.0981
0.1242
0.1533
0.1856
0.2208
0.2592
0.3006
0.3451
0.3926
0.4970
0.6135
0.7424
0.8835
1.0369
1.2026
3
Nozzles
0.1127
0.1472
0.1863
0.2300
0.2784
0.3313
0.3888
0.4509
0.5177
0.5890
0.7455
0.9203
1.1136
1.3253
1.5554
1.8039
4
Nozzles
0.1503
0.1963
0.2485
0.3067
0.3712
0.4417
0.5184
0.6013
0.6902
0.7853
0.9940
1.2271
1.4848
1.7671
2.0739
2.4052
5
Nozzles
0.1879
0.2454
0.3106
0.3834
0.4640
0.5522
0.6481
0.7516
0.8628
0.9817
1.2425
1.5339
1.8561
2.2089
2.5924
3.0065
6
Nozzles
0.2254
0.2945
0.3727
0.4601
0.5568
0.6626
0.7777
0.9019
1.0354
1.1780
1.4910
1.8407
2.2273
2.6507
3.1109
3.6079
7
Nozzles
0.2630
0.3436
0.4348
0.5368
0.6496
0.7731
0.9073
1.0523
1.2080
1.3744
1.7395
2.1475
2.5985
3.0925
3.6293
4.2092
8
Nozzles
0.3006
0.3926
0.4970
0.6135
0.7424
0.8835
1.0369
1.2026
1.3805
1.5707
1.9880
2.4543
2.9697
3.5342
4.1478
4.8105
9
Nozzles
0.3382
0.4417
0.5591
0.6902
0.8352
0.9940
1.1665
1.3529
1.5531
1.7671
2.2365
2.7611
3.3410
3.9760
4.6663
5.4118
10
Nozzles
0.3758
0.4908
0.6212
0.7669
0.9280
1.1044
1.2962
1.5032
1.7257
1.9634
2.4850
3.0679
3.7122
4.4178
5.1848
6.0131
9.50
l0.50
ll.60
l3.50
ll.50
l3.00
l5.00
l8.00
l4.00
l5.50
l7.00
20.00
23.00
20.00
24.00
28.00
32.00
l7.00
20.00
23.00
26.00
29.00
32.00
35.00
38.00
24.00
26.20
29.70
33.70
39.00
24.00
28.00
32.00
36.00
40.00
44.00
49.00
32.30
36.00
40.00
43.50
47.00
53.50
32.75
40.50
45.50
5l.00
55.50
60.70
65.70
42.00
47.00
54.00
60.00
48.00
54.50
6l.00
68.00
72.00
65.00
75.00
84.00
87.50
94.00
l06.50
l33.00
.205
.224
.250
.290
.220
.253
.296
.362
.244
.275
.304
.36l
.4l5
.288
.352
.4l7
.475
.23l
.272
.3l7
.362
.408
.453
.498
.540
.300
.328
.375
.430
.500
.264
.304
.352
.400
.450
.500
.557
.3l2
.352
.395
.435
.472
.545
.279
.350
.400
.450
.495
.545
.595
.333
.375
.435
.489
.330
.380
.430
.480
.5l4
.375
.438
.495
.435
.438
.500
.635
4.090
4.052
4.000
3.920
4.560
4.494
4.408
4.276
5.0l2
4.950
4.892
4.778
4.670
6.049
5.92l
5.79l
5.675
6.538
6.456
6.366
6.276
6.l84
6.094
6.004
5.92
7.025
6.969
6.875
6.765
6.625
8.097
8.0l7
7.92l
7.825
7.725
7.625
7.5ll
9.00l
8.92l
8.835
8.755
8.68l
8.535
l0.l92
l0.050
9.950
9.850
9.760
9.660
9.560
ll.084
ll.000
l0.880
l0.772
l2.7l5
l2.6l5
l2.5l5
l2.4l5
l2.347
l5.250
l5.l25
l5.0l0
l7.756
l9.l24
l9.000
l8.730
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.563
5.563
5.563
5.563
6.050
6.050
6.050
6.050
6.050
7.390
7.390
7.390
7.390
7.656
7.656
7.656
7.656
7.656
7.656
7.656
7.656
8.500
8.500
8.500
8.500
8.500
9.625
9.625
9.625
9.625
9.625
9.625
9.625
l0.635
l0.635
l0.635
l0.635
l0.635
l0.635
ll.750
ll.750
ll.750
ll.750
ll.750
ll.750
ll.750
l2.750
l2.750
l2.750
l2.750
l4.375
l4.375
l4.375
l4.375
l4.375
l7.000
l7.000
l7.000
20.000
2l.000
2l.000
2l.000
3.965
3.927
3.875
3.795
4.435
4.369
4.283
4.l5l
4.887
4.825
4.767
4.653
4.545
5.924
5.796
5.666
5.550
6.4l3
6.33l
6.24l
6.l5l
6.059
5.969
5.879
5.795
6.900
6.844
6.750
6.640
6.500
7.972
7.892
7.796
7.700
7.600
7.500
7.386
8.845
8.765
8.679
8.599
8.525
8.379
l0.036
9.894
9.794
9.694
9.604
9.504
9.404
l0.928
l0.844
l0.724
l0.6l6
l2.559
l2.459
l2.359
l2.259
l2.l9l
l5.062
l4.936
l4.822
l7.567
l8.936
l8.8l2
l8.542
3 7/8
3 7/8
3 7/8
3 3/4
4 l/4
4 l/4
4 l/4
4 l/8
4 7/8
4 3/4
4 3/4
4 5/8
4 l/2
5 7/8
5 3/4
5 5/8
5 l/4
6 l/4
6 l/4
6 l/4
6 l/8
6
5 7/8
5 7/8
5 3/4
6 3/4
6 3/4
6 3/4
6 l/2
6 l/2
7 7/8
7 7/8
7 5/8
7 5/8
6 3/4
6 3/4
6 3/4
8 3/4
8 3/4
8 l/2
8 l/2
8 l/2
8 3/8
9 7/8
9 7/8
9 5/8
9 5/8
9 l/2
9 l/2
9
l0 5/8
l0 5/8
l0 5/8
9 7/8
l2 l/4
l2 l/4
l2 l/4
l2 l/4
l2
l4 3/4
l4 3/4
l4 3/4
l7 l/2
l7 l/2
l7 l/2
l7 l/2
98.4
98.4
98.4
95.2
l07.9
l07.9
l07.9
l04.8
l23.8
l20.7
l20.7
ll7.5
ll4.3
l49.2
l46.l
l42.8
l33.4
l58.7
l58.7
l58.7
l55.5
l52.4
l49.2
l49.2
l46.l
l7l.4
l7l.4
l7l.4
l65.l
l65.l
200.0
200.0
l93.7
l93.7
l7l.4
l7l.4
l7l.4
222.2
222.2
2l5.9
2l5.9
2l5.9
2l2.7
250.8
250.8
244.5
244.5
24l.3
24l.3
228.6
269.9
269.9
269.9
250.8
3ll.l
3ll.l
3ll.l
3ll.l
304.8
374.6
374.6
374.6
444.5
444.5
444.5
444.5
Dimensions 8it Size
Size
OD
in.
weight Per
Poot Nominal
lbs.
Pecommended
8it Size Diameter
wall
Thickness
in.
Nominal
|nside Diameter
in.
Casing
Coupling OD
in. in. mm
AP| Drift
Diameter
in.
AP| CAS|NG D|MLNS|ONS AND 8|T D|AMLTLPS
4 l/2
5
5 l/2
6 5/8
7
7 5/8
8 5/8
9 5/8
l0 3/4
ll 3/4
l3 3/8
l6
l8 5/8
20
19
r e f e r e n C e
20
dr I l l Co l l a r we I g h T s
$2),,#/,,!27%)'(433530%.$%$).7!4%2
1 1/4
26 770
30 900
35 1040
40 1200
45 1360
51 1530
57 1710
63 1900
70 2090
77 2300
84 2510
91 2740
99 3000
107 3200
115 3450
124 3710
133 3980
142 4250
151 4540
2
33 980
38 1130
43 1300
49 1470
55 1650
61 1830
68 2030
74 2230
82 2450
89 2670
97 2900
105 3140
113 3380
122 3650
130 3910
140 4190
149 4470
159 4540
169 5620
2 1/4
35 1060
41 1220
46 1390
52 1570
59 1760
65 1960
72 2160
79 2370
87 2600
94 2830
102 3070
110 330
119 3570
128 3840
137 4110
147 4400
156 4690
166 4990
177 5300
187 5620
2 1/2
33 980
38 1140
44 1310
50 1490
56 1680
62 1870
69 2080
76 2290
84 2510
92 2740
100 2980
108 3220
116 3490
125 3760
134 4030
144 4310
154 4610
164 4910
174 5820
185 5530
195 5860
207 6200
218 6540
2 3/4
47 1400
53 1580
59 1780
66 1980
73 2200
81 2420
88 2650
96 2890
104 3130
113 3400
122 3660
131 3940
141 4220
150 4510
160 4810
171 5120
181 5440
192 5770
204 6100
215 6450
227 6800
239 7160
251 7530
2 7/8
58 1730
65 1930
72 2150
79 2370
87 2600
95 2840
103 3080
112 3350
121 3610
130 3890
139 4170
143 4460
159 4760
169 5070
180 5390
191 5720
202 6060
213 6400
225 6750
237 7120
250 7490
262 7860
275 8250
3

56 1680
63 1880
70 2100
77 2320
85 2550
93 2790
101 3030
110 3300
119 3560
128 3840
137 4180
147 4410
157 4710
168 5020
178 5340
187 5670
200 6000
212 6350
223 6700
236 7060
248 7430
261 7810
273 8200
3 1/4
59 1770
66 1990
74 2210
81 2440
89 2680
97 2920
106 3190
115 3450
124 3730
134 4010
143 4300
153 4600
164 4910
174 5230
185 5560
197 5900
208 6240
220 6590
232 6960
244 7330
257 770
270 8090
3 1/2
70 2080
78 2330
86 2570
94 2800
102 3070
111 3340
120 3610
130 3900
140 4190
150 4490
160 4800
171 5120
181 5440
193 5780
204 6180
216 6480
228 6840
240 7210
253 7590
266 7980
3 3/4
65 1960
73 2200
81 2440
89 2680
98 2940
107 3210
116 3480
126 3770
135 4060
145 4360
156 4670
166 4990
177 5310
188 5650
200 6000
212 6350
224 6710
236 7080
249 7460
268 7850
4
77 2300
85 2540
94 2800
103 3070
112 3350
121 3630
131 3920
141 4220
151 4530
162 4850
173 5180
184 5510
195 5860
207 6210
219 6580
232 6950
244 7330
257 7710
#OLLAR
/$
#OLLAR"ORE
Pounds-Per-Foot (Bold)
Pounds-Per-30 Foot Collar
Weights per foot rounded off to nearest pound.
Weights per 30 foot collar rounded off to nearest 10 pounds

3 3/4
4
4 1/4
4 1/2
4 3/4
5
5 1/4
5 1/2
5 3/4
6
6 1/4
6 1/2
6 3/4
7
7 1/4
7 1/2
7 3/4
8
8 1/4
8 1/2
8 3/4
9
9 1/4
9 1/2
9 3/4
10
10 1/4
10 1/2
10 3/4
11
11 1/4
1 1/2
28 830
32 960
37 1100
42 1260
47 1420
52 1570
59 1770
65 1950
72 2150
78 2330
86 2570
93 2790
101 3020
109 3260
117 3500
126 3770
134 4030
144 4310
21
r e f e r e n C e
equaTIons used In hydraulIC CalCulaTIons:
1. Annular Velocity
2. Surface Equipment Pressure Losses
3. Drill Stem Bore Pressure Losses
4. Jet Nozzle Pressure Losses
5. Annular Pressure Losses
6. Jet Velocity
7. Jet Impact Force
8. Hydraulic Horsepower
nomenClaTure:
Q = Circulation Rate (gpm)
Dh = Diameter of Hole (in)
Dp = Diameter of Pipe O.D. (in)
V = Annular Velocity (ft/min)
r = Mud Weight (lb/gal)
C = Friction Factor
P = Pressure (psi)
L = Length (ft)
A
h
= Area of Nozzle (in
2
)
P = Pressure Drop (psi)
V
h
= Jet Velocity (ft/sec)
I
f
= Jet Impact Force (lbf)
HHp = Hydraulic Horsepower (hp)
d = Inside Diameter (in)
Type Equipment C
1 1.0
2 0.36
3 0.22
4 0.15
FROM
Barrels
Cubic Centimeters
Cubic Centimeters
Cubic Centimeters
Cubic Centimeters
Cubic Centimeters
Cubic Feet
Cubic Feet
Cubic Feet
Cubic Feet
Cubic Feet
Cubic Inches
Cubic Inches
Cubic Inches
Cubic Inches
Cubic Inches
Cubic Meters
Cubic Meters
Cubic Meters
Gallons
Gallons
Gallons
Gallons
Gallons
Gallons
Pounds
Tons (metric)
Tons (metric)
TO
VOLUME
Gallons
Cubic Feet
Cubic Inches
Cubic Meters
Gallons
Liters
Cubic Centimeters
Cubic Inches
Cubic Meters
Gallons
Liters
Cubic Centimeters
Cubic Feet
Cubic Meters
Gallons
Liters
Cubic Centimeters
Cubic Feet
Gallons
Barrels
Cubic Centimeters
Cubic Feet
Cubic Inches
Cubic Meters
Liters
MASS
Tons (metric)
Pounds
Kilograms
MULTIPLY BY
42
3.531 x 10
-5
0.06102
10
-6
2.642 x 10
-4
0.001
28317
1728
0.02832
7.48
28.32
16.39
5.787 x 10
-4
1.639 x 10
-5
4.329 x 10
-3
0.01639
10
6
35.31
264. 2
0.0238
3785
0.1337
231
3.785 x 10
-5
3.785
4.536 x 10
-4
2204
1000
#/.6%23)/.&/2-5,!3
ap I Co n V e r s I o n T a b l e s
MKTG 12A600-09-2006
www. varel i ntl . com
FOR OTHER REGONS, CONTACT VARELS WORLD HEADQUARTERS OR EMAL [email protected].
World Headquarters
Dallas, Texas USA
Tel: 1.800.827.3526
Tel: +1.972.242.1160
Fax: +1.972.242.8770
[email protected]
Western HemispHere
Western United States
Fort Worth, Texas USA
Tel: 1.800.827.3526
Tel: +1.817.439.1183
Fax: +1.817.439.4294
Odessa, Texas USA
Tel: 1.800.371.1658
Tel: +1.432.367.1658
Fax: +1.432.550.5385
Gulf Coast & South Texas
Houston, Texas USA
Tel: 1.888.273.5334
Tel: +1.281.670.2401
Fax: +1.281.590.6047
Lafayette, Louisana USA
Tel: +1.337.237.4245
Fax: +1.337.237.4966
Mid-Continent & Rockies
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma USA
Tel: 1.888.731.4046
Tel: +1.405.672.3633
Fax: +1.405.672.4696
Southeastern United States
Flint, Texas USA
Tel: +1.903.894.5923
Fax: +1.903.894.5925
Canada
c/o Pendemak Industries
Edmonton, Alberta Canada
Tel: 1.888.988.4988
Tel: +1.780.435.5706
Fax: +1.780.438.3290
eastern HemispHere
Africa
Hassi-Messaoud, Algeria
Tel: +213.2975.4738
Fax: +213.2975.4737
Cairo, Egypt
Tel: +20.12.325.3240
Asia/Pacifc
Booragoon, WA Australia
Tel: +61.8.9315.9999
Fax: +61.8.9315.9800
Balikpapan, Indonesia
Tel: +62.54.287.7859
Fax: +62.54.287.7950
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Tel: +60.32.693.2255
Fax: +60.32.693.7550
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Tel: +848.823.2535
Fax: +848.823.2537
Europe
Pau, France
Tel: +33.55.914.4825
Fax: +33.44.914.4844
Den Helder, The Netherlands
Tel: +31. 223.691.200
Fax: +31.223.691.201
Middle East
Muttrah, Oman
Tel: +968.789.070
Islamabad, Pakistan
Tel: +92.51.225.6170
Fax: +92.51.225.6190
Doha, Qatar
Tel: +974.44.38.986
Fax: +974.44. 38.986
Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
Tel: +966.3887.9273
Fax: +966.3887.4479
Abu Dhabi, UAE
Tel: +97.12.644.8414
Fax: +97.12.644.8424
Dubai, UAE
Tel: +971.4335.3525
Fax: +971.4335.3532
United Kingdom
Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
Tel: +44.122.421.6310
Fax: +44.122.489.1450