CHAPTER 11 INEQUALITIES

CHAPTER 11 INEQUALIT'IES

CHAPTER EXERCISE: this chapter

Answers for this
EXERCISE:Answers start on page
chapter start page 299.

A calculator
calculator is allowed
allowed on the following
following
questions.
questions.
y

Which the following

Which of the following is a solution to
a solution to the
the
inequality
inequality ‐x
- x -‐ 4
4 > 43:
4x ‐- 14?
14?
------.F------+ X
A
A)) -‐ 1
B) 2
C) 5
D) 8

Which of the following systems of inequalities

could be the one graphed in the xy-plane above?
A) y > 3
IfIf 3Zx‐4> 1
~ x - 4 > Ex‐10,whichofthefollowing
~x - 10, which of the following
A )y>3
yy >
> xx
mustbetrue?
must be true?
B) y < 3
A)) x <<224
A 4 B) y < 3
y <x
B)) x >>224
B 4 y<x
C < ‐-224
C) ) x < 4 C)) y
C y< < 33
D
D)) x >> ‐-224
4 yy >
> xx

D
D)) yy >> 3
y<
<x

Jerry estimates that

Jerry estimates that there marbles in a jar.
are m marbles
there are
Harry, who knows
Harry , who knows the actual
actual number
number of marbles
marbles
the jar, notes
in the notes that the actual
that the actual number,
number, n, is
within 10 marbles
within (inclusive) of Jerry's
marbles (inclusive) Jerry's estimate.
estin1ate .
Which of the
Which following inequalities
the following inequalities represents
represents
the relationship
the between Jerry’s
relationship between estimate and
Jerry's estimate the
and the
actual
actual number
number of marbles
marbles in the
the jar?
n+
A)) 11
A + 10 5 mm '.S
1 0'.S 5nII ‐- 110
0
B
B)) mm-‐ l10
O '.S
S nn S'.S
nmH+ - I10
O
C
C)) 11
n '.S
Sm m S'.Sl 1011
On
m
D)
D) ‐-10_n_10m
< n < 10m
10 <- -

96
R E ‑ THE COLLEGE
THE COLLEGE PANDA
PANDA

manufacturer produces
A manufacturer produces chairs
chairs for aa retail
retail store
store ‘ yy
according
according to the M =
the formula, M = 12P +
formula, 12P + 100, where
where
M is the number of units
the number units produced
produced and and PP is
is the
the
retail price
retail price of each chair. The number
each chair. number of units
units
sold by the
sold the retail store is given
retail store given by
N= = ‐- 33PP + 970, where
where N is thethe number
number of of units
units f'--------1--------.i X

sold
sold and retail price
and P is the retail each chair.
pri ce of each What
chair. What
the values
are all the
are values of P for which
which the number of
the number of
units produced
units produced is greater
greater than or equal
than or to the
equal to the
number
number of units sold?
unit s sold?
A) P2
A) P ~ 58
58 The graph
The the xy-plane
graph in the could represent
above could
xy-plane above represent
B) P
B) P5:S 58
58 which of
which the following
of the systems of
following systems of inequalities?
inequalities?
P 2:::::
C) P 55
55 A)
A) y
y 2:::::
3
3
:S55
D) P g y 5 ‐3
-3:s
yS
B) y
B) :S 33
y :::::
y z ‐- s3
If
If n is an
an integer and 3(n ‐- 2) > ‐4(n
integer and - 4(n -‐ 9),
9), what
what C)
C) x 2 3
X:::::
3
least possible
the least
is the value of n
possible value n?? r < _3
X '.S- 3

D) x S
:S 3
xX 22 -‐33

work, Harry
To get to work, must travel
Harry must miles by bus
travel 8 miles bus
and 16miles
and 16 train everyday.
miles by train bus travels
The bus
everyday . The travels
at an average speed
an average miles per
speed of x miles hour and
per hour and the
the
train travels
train travels at an average
at an speed of y miles
average speed miles per
per
hour . If
hour. Harry's daily
lf Harry’s never takes
commute never
daily commute takes more
more
than 1 hour,
than which of the
hour, which following inequalities
the following inequalities
represents the possible
represents the average speeds
possible average speeds of thethe bus
bus
and train during
and train during the
the commute?
commute?
8 16
A)§+ES1
A) -+-:S
y
l
X x y
16 8
B>E+§g1
B) -+-:S
X y
l
x y
yy
C)8+16‐1
C) _ xX
- +-‐<
8 16 -
<1
D
D)) Bx+
8 x + 16y
1 6 y:S
§ 11

97
 11 INEQUALITIES
CHAPTER 11
CHAPTER INEQUALITIES

An ice
An ice cream distributor contracts
cream distributor contractsout
out toto two
two 3
different companies to
different companies to manufacture
manufacture cartons
cartons of
y2§x+2
Y -> -2 x + 2
ice
ice cream Company A can
cream.. Company can produce
produce 8080 cartons
cartons y g::;‐-Z2xx -‐ S
5
each and Company
hour and
each hour Company B can produce 140
can produce
each hour.
cartons each
cartons The distributor
hour. The needs to
distributor needs to fulfill
fulfill Which of the
Which the following
following graphs the xy-plane
graphs in the xy-plane
an order
an order of over 1,100 cartons
over 1,100 cartons in 10 hours of
10 hours could represent
could represent the system of inequalities
the system inequalities above?
above?
contract time. It contracts
contract time. hours to
out x hours
contracts out A)
A)
Company A and
Company the remaining
and the hours to
remaining hours
Company B. Which
Company Which of the following inequalities
the following inequalitie s
all possible
gives all
gives values of xx in the
possible values context of
the context
this problem?
this problem?
140
A)
80
~> >1,100
1100
X +
A) ‘x‐ + 10
10‐- Xx I

B) 140x +
+ 80(10 -‐ x) >
>1,100
1, 100 B)
B)
80x +
C) 80x 140(10 -‐ x) > 1,100
+140(10 1,100
D) 80x +
+ 140(x 10) > 1,
140(x -‐ 10) 1,100
100

y >>1l5 +aa
5 xx + C)
C)
y< +bb
<55xx +
In the system of inequalities
the system above, a and
inequalities above, b are
and bare
constants. lf (1,
constants . If 20)} is a solution
(1,20 solution to the
the system,
system,
which of the
which following could
the following be the
could be the value of
value of
b -‐ aa ?
A) 6
A) D)
D)
B) 8
C ) 110
C) 0
D ) 112
D) 2

98
 THE COLLEGE PANDA
THE COLLEGE PANDA

20 9 .
Tina works
works no more than
no more than 30 hours at
30 hours at a nail salon
a nail salon If - < - 2x + 4 < - , what 1s one possible
each week. She
each week. can do
She can do aa manicure
manicure in 2020 minutes
minutes 3 2
value of x - 2 ?
and a
and a pedicure
pedicure in 30 minutes . Each
30 minutes. manicure
Each manicure
earns her $25 and
earns her and each pedicure earns
each pedicure earns her
her $40,
and she
and she must earn at least
must earn least $900 to cover
cover her
her
expenses.
expenses. IfIf during
during one week, she
one week, she does enough
does enough
manicures m and
manicures and pedicures cover her
pedicures p to cover her
expenses,
expenses, which the following
which of the following systems
systems of of
inequalities describes her
inequalities describes working hours
her working hours and
and her
her
earnings?
earnings?
A)
A) 3m +
+ 2p ::;
5 30
25m + 40];
40p 2 900
Joyce wants to create
Joyce wants create a rectangular garden
a rectangular that
garden that
has an
has area of at least
an area least 300 square and a
meters and
square meters a
B) 2m +
+ 3p S
::; 30
perimeter
perimeter of at least 70
at least the length
meters . If the
70 meters. length of
25m +40p
25m + 40p 2 900 the garden
the meters long
garden is x meters the width
and the
long and is yy
width is
meters long,
meters long, which
which ofof the following systems
the following systems of of
C)
C) flm
-+-<
p
3 +2E<_30
30 inequalities represents Joyce’s
inequalities represents Joyce's requirements?
requirements?
3 2-
A) xy 2 70
25m+40p2900
25m + 40p 2 900
x+
+ y 2 300
300
D)
D) 3-+-2_900
_"1
-+->
Ill p 900
E>
3 2- B
B)) x xy
y 221 150
50
25m + 40p ::; 30
25m+40p§30 xX + y.1/22770
0

C
C) ) x xy
y 223 300
00
xX + y.1/22770
0

If k 5::; x 5 3k+
::; 3k + 12, which of the
which of following must
the following must D
D) ) x xy
y 223 300
00
be true?
be true? xX +
+ y.1/223355
I. x ‐- 12
12 5::; 3k
lII.
l. k 2 -‐ 66
III.
111. x -‐ k 220
A) lonly
I only IfIf a
a < b, which
which of the following
of the must be
following must be true?
true?
B) n d lIIl only
B ) Il aand only I. a2 < b2
a2 < b2
C)
C) llII and
and IlII I I only
only 1],
II. 2a2a << 2b
II, and
D) I,I, 11,
D) and 111 III I ] . -‐ b <
I111. < -‐ a
A) 11
II only
only
B n d lIIl only
B)) lIaand only
C) II and
and III] only
[ I only
D I , and
D)) II,, III, and IIII
ll

99