Outline:

Pt 1 big question related to lesson on dual = Go over lesson on dual

Pt 2: longer questions

Pt 3: short answered questions: choices

- Dont go over lesson numbers and throoff and numbers
- Do go over ism tafdeel - dont go over the 18
- Long answer: explain why is this is happening
- Few translating ones,
- Go over beginning of every lessons
Notes:
Al murab = a word thats irrabs are declinible the last word irrab can change
Al Mabnee = A word that irrabs are not declinible, the word irrab cannot change
Sifat= is an adjective

Nat haqiqi= describes the manoot

● Nat- is complete sentence, manoot must be nakirah
● Nat that is a sentence must have a dameer which refers to the nakirah manoot
● If mariafah is followed by a sentence it must be kabar or haal

Nat Sababeeyoo= describes that which is associated with the manoot

● Nat will always be singular
●

It’s impossible to bring dhameeer muttasil before the Aamil, the Dhameer has to come before
the governing fail
- Dhameer muttasil is not used for emphasis, but if you want to emphasis you have to add
a dhameer munfasil

Indication of Kareeb is there is nothing at the end

Indication of far is a kaf at the end and a laam before it
Indication for tawasut is ka at the end
Please do this: monday:
May 20th

‫الباب الثاني في االسم المبني‬

⁃ a noun that comes on its own not being attached to anything else. For example, (
‫ت‬،‫ب‬،‫ا‬،) etc, ( ‫ إثنان‬،‫ )واحد‬and ( ‫)زيد‬
⁃ ^ in reality it’s mabni but in its capability it’s mu’rab.
⁃ Or anything similar to mabni,il asl, indicating upon its meaning but also in need of
another sigh.
⁃ Or anything less than 3 harfs or attached to it, was a harf.
⁃ This type won’t become mu’rab in reality and its ruling is that its ending won’t
change due to its aamil.
⁃ Its harakats- dhamma, fatha, kasrah.
⁃ 8 types

‫ضمير‬
A noun placed to indicate towards a first, second, or third person whose mention before I terms
of ruling, meaning, and words.
It’s of two types:
⁃ mutassil ATTACHED - not used alone as for its marfoo
⁃ Munfassil UNATTCHED- it is used alone
⁃ Dameer mutassil is specifically hidden in madee gaaib ( and feminine)
‫ أسماء اإلشارة‬:
⁃ that which is used to indicate the musharun ilayh.
⁃ 5 words - 6 meanings (in the book)
⁃ Total 25 ( 5x5 )
⁃ a) Thaa for qareeb- indication, no harf khitaab at the end.
b) thaalika for baeed- indication, kaaf at the end but before there’s a laam.
c) thaak for something between qareeb and baeed indication, harf khitaab at the end.

‫الموصول‬:

A noun that can’t can’t become a complete part of a sentnace except there’s a silat after it.
⁃ the Silat is a jumla khabariyaah
⁃ It’s necessary for a dameer aaid to refer back to the mowsool
⁃ You can remove the dameer aaid when it is a mafool.
⁃ Alif and laam come in the meaning of allthee when its silat is ism faail or ism
mafool.

Asmaaul afaal
⁃ every noun which has the meaning of a command or almaadii verb, or it is on
the scale of fa’aa’lee in the meaning of a command and has three letters.
⁃ The scale of fa’aa’lee is associated with a marifah masdar. Or for the adjective of
a feminine or proper noun for females.

Asmaaul aswaat
⁃ A noun that a sound is mentioned with or any noise given to an animal
Asmaaul murakabaat
⁃ every noun that is joined with two words but there is no connection bwteeen them
⁃ Is the second part of the word has a harf it will be mabni alal fath
⁃ If the second part of the word does not have a harf then the first part will be
mabni alal fath and the second part will be gair munsarif
Kinaayat
Those nouns that refer to an unspecified amount of
⁃ Kam and kathaa
Specified amount
⁃ kayta and thayta
Kam is of two types
a) istifhaam
⁃ the tameez after it will be mansoob singular
b) khabariyah
⁃ the word after it will be majroor singular
⁃ Or majroor plural
Min can enter also enter upon them.
The tameez will be hidden if there is an indication towards it
Kam will be mansoob in two situations
there is no dameer referring back to it in after the verb
Since there is no dameer to be the mafool, the tameez and mumayaz will be it.
It will occur are majroor if before it is a harf jar or mudaaf
And marfoo when none of these two occur.
( could be mubtada or khabr, how to know? - no tharf: khabr
-tharf: mubtada)

Thoroof al mabni alal aqsaam

1. That which has been cut off from the idhaafa, the mudhaaf is hiddenn. -
That which is hidden, is intended by the speaker and it will be murab if not.
2. Haithu
⁃ Has to be mudaf to a sentence ( most of the time)
⁃ For it to come in the meaning of a place it must be mudaf to a sentence
3. Ithaa
⁃ Intends the future when it enters upon a past tense verb.
⁃ Example given( meaning of condition in it)
⁃ You can bring a jumla ismiyah after it but it better to bring a jumla feliyah
⁃ Can the meaning of suddenness.
⁃ If it does bring the meaning of suddenness, it will be brought with a jumla
khabariyah.
4. Ith
⁃ for past tense
⁃ Both jumlah ismiyah and feliyah can come after it.
Monday May 27, 2024

And know that isms are of 2 types:

1. Mariffa (specific)
2. Nakirah (not specfifc)

A) Marifah is for something specific, and there are 6 types

1. Al madmurat
2. Aalam
3. Mabhumat meaning ismul ishaarah and mawsulat
4. Something with alif lamm
5. Mudaf to one of the manwi mudafs
6. And muraf by adding a harf nida

- And alam: is for anything that is specific to that thing and and doesnt refer to anything
else.
- The most specific a noun could get is a mutakalim (1st person) dhameer: ana, nahnu,
then the 2ed person dhameer: anta, then 3ed person: huwa, then alam, then
mubhamarm the specific to alif lamm, then specific to nida, and then Mudaf with the
strength of mudaf iliah.
B) Nakirah: It is for something that is not specfic. Like a man, a horse

Fasl
Asmaaul adad: it is that which is an indications towards the amount of things:
The principle for the numbers is used with 12 words. (you just need to know 12 words, the rest
are made with them.)
- 1- 10, 100, and 1000
- And its usage from 1-2 is qiyas (it's what you think it is), so for masc you use it without a
taa and for fem you use it with a taa.
- For 1 man = ‫واحد‬, for 2= ‫اثنين‬
- For 1 woman= ‫واحدة‬, etc.
- And from 3-10, it's not with qiyas, it goes against what one thinks, Like for masc it will
have a taa and for fem it doesnt have a taa
- And after 10 you would say ‫ =احد عشر رحال‬Twelve men, the first 2 will coresspend,
- Then after that you would say 20 (eeshrrona rajulan) for both without their being no
difference between masc + fem until 90
- Then you would say miatu rajooleen and meatu imrateen (100 men and 100 woman)
- And alfoo rajooleen and alfoo imrateen (1000 men and 1000 women)
- And there's no dfreence for the masc and the fem.
- And if you add 100 and 1000, then you will do it according to the rulings you know. And
the order will be like 1000’s then 100’s then 1’s before the 10’s.
- And know that the 1s and 2s do not have a mumayaz, because the word mumaiz is
being Fred from mentioned the Adad in both of these things
- *mumaiz (number) + tameez= clarification, 1 and 2 is already clarified and doesn’t need
further clarification*
- The rest of the numbers have a mumayaz
- The mumayaz for 3 and 10 are pl.+majroor, except when the mumayz is the100, it will
be sing +majroor, you would say 300 and 900, but according to qiyas it should be
thalathatu meaatun or meeyeena.
- The mumayaz for 11-99 is sing+ mansoob
- The mumayaz for 100, 100 and what you are counting will be wahid + majorroor.
- If there's a long number then the madud will follow the iraab according to whatever it is
closest to.
- You would do this based off of qiyas
Monday June 3, 2024 - pg 97-99
An ism is either ‫ مذكر‬or ‫مؤنث‬
‫مؤنث‬: in it has a sign of femininity. Its either shown or hidden, and ‫ مذكر‬is the opp of it
And for ‫ مؤنث‬it has 3 signs:
1. Like a ‫ ة‬at the end
2. Alif maqsurah
3. Alif mamdudah
- And it is determined with a taa alone like ‫ اردن‬in the means of ‫ارادتن‬, and it feminine
because the ‫ ت‬becomes visible when you make it into ism tasgeer
Then Muanath is of 2 types:
a) ‫ = حقيقي‬that which has an oppisite masculine to it: like imratun/rajooloon
b) ‫ = الفذي‬that which is oppisite to it, it doesnt have an oppisite masculine to it, it has an
indication to it, like thoolmatoon: darkness, aynoon: eyes
Fasl:
- Dual: its an ism, associated with its end is a alif or yaa with maftooh before it.
- Or noon maksoorah: With the singular word there's another one: dual ex. 2 men and this
is a sahee noun.
- Sahee noun: a word that doesnt have huroof illah at the end
As for Alif maqsoor:
1. if it has an alif which has a waw before it, and it has been changed with a waw and is a 3
letter word, it wil return to its original word: assan: was asawoon: the waw will return,
with aynee and aanee, 2 sticks or 2 staffs
2. And if it was changed from waw or yaa and it is mre than a 3 letter noun, or it hasent
been changed from anything (something other than waw or yaa), then in that case it will
still be changed to a yaa.
- Ex. Like rahayanee was rahann, but a yaa will be bought and it will be changed into a
dual form
- Malhan = amuzment was actually hubara, hublayanee was = hublaa
3. As for alif mamdoodah: If the hamza was always there, it will always remain, like qurrah,
then the hamza will remain
- If the alif is there for femininity then in that case you will change it into a waww
- The colour red is feminine because of alif mamdoodah, then that case hamzah is
changed into a waww (dual with ya or dual with alif mamdoodah)
- And if the alif madooda was changed from an original yaa or waw then both cases would
be permissible.
- Qasaoon, make dual from with waw or alif mamdudah = 2 garments, 2 clothes,
- Ridaoon= a cloak, original had a yaa or keep the alif mamdoodah
- In all 3 of these cases a yaa will be bought, to make the dual form

Wednesday June 5, 2024 - pg 99- 100

Al muthanna: end has a ya and alif before it is a noon
- It is nessacary to remove its noon for idaff when its mudaf for dual form
- And similarly the taa is removed from taineeth for dual words kusyatu + alyani, because
both of them are joint because it is as if they are 1.
- And know that when one intends to make a dual to be mudaf to another dual, then you
will make the first word to be jamah.
Mudaf + mudaf ilaih are dual; only mudaf will be dual.
- 2 words, not referring to dual,
- And “ indeed your hearts incline”
- Qeelaabaakooma → instead the mudaf will be plural quluboon
- Simialraly “cut both of their hands”, yaadahooma
 - It is disliked to gather 2 duals, when both of the words are combined in terms of the
word+meaning:
- When saying 2 hands: both are referring → 2 hands (dual), and it is disliked when both words are
referring to the same thing and it is joint.

Monday June 10, 2024 - pg 101

Majmooh (plural) - an ism which is indicated upon many intended singualrs with a few changes
to the singular words
- As for lafdhii: the word rijalun from the word rajulin
- Taqdeeri jamah: - no apparent changes, Hidden plural (hidden changes),
- Like plural fulkoon on the pattern of usloon
- And its singular which is on the patter fulqun,however its pattern of kuflun

However, for qawmoon and words that are similar to it, even if it indicates many things, a group
of people, it is not jamah, because it has no singular word for it. (the plural will come from the
singular word) the word itself is singular.
Then jamah is of 2 types.
Musahha:
- And that is such a word where the singular word has not changed.
Jamah muthakar salim: the singular word doesnt change when you make it plural : muslimoon :
musleemoona
- And mukassar: Is a plural whose singular version has been changed: rajooloon:
rejaaloon
Musaha is of 2 types
1) Muthakar: It is that which its end has a waw in the end and has a dammah before
it the last letter is a noon maftooha or a yaa and before it a kasra muslimeena to
indicate towards the fact that with it there is more of it. Like muslimeena and this
is in the saheeh words (no huruf illah at the last letter)

As for ism manqoos: ends with a yaa sakin, when you want to make these words plurul you will remove
the yaa sakeen qadee→ qaadoona daeee→ daooona
As for ism maqsoor: mustafa: it's alif maqsoorah at the end when making it into the plural for
oona, the letter before the waw will get a fatha to indicate for the fact that there was an alif
maqsoorah here, mustafowna

Oona and eenaa specific = daweel uqool, for intelligent beings, ex. Judge
mudareesoona , muhadeesooona, → all individuals

As for them saying:

There are some words that your adding oona enna but their not intelligent beings,
As for some words, it is very rare.
Exceptions: And it's necessary that the word pattern may not be on the scale of afaloo and has
the femine of falaooo.
- Afalooo and has another femine not faloo then its permissible
- Nor can this rule apply for whose masculin is on the scale falaooo and its feminine is on
the pattern of falla
- And a word on the scale of faelloo, and its translation jareehoo and meaning of majrroh,
nor faool in the meaning of ism faeel. Like sabeeroon: saaberoon

- And its necessary to remove its noon for idafa (for dual aswell-) the noon is dropped
- Muslims of egypt musleemoo

Wednesday June 12, 2024 - pg 101

- Muannath is that which its end is alif and taa, like muslimat
- Muslimeemoon= adjective
- If it is an adj you want to make it Muannath jamah salam: only be made if the masculine
form of it if the plural of it has a waww and noon.
- Muhandeesoon: female engineers you can say muhadeesatoon
- The muannath will not have a taa like haeeth: haeethat hacan
- If there's no masculine even by not adding oona to it then the plural feminine will be
without aatoona.
- If the noun is not an adjective then the plural will be without possession; this rule only
applies to when that word is an adjective. For example the name of a person. Aatoon
attoona
- And jamah mukasar: there are many scales for it that are known through listening (the
arabs) like rjalooon .
 - For words other htne 3 letter words it's generally on the scale of faaleen or faaeeloo, like
you have come to know in sarf
- Jamah is of 2 types
1) Jamah qillat: that which indicated toward less than 10, and it is made on the patter of
- For jamah saleem: you want to make it jamah qillat then it will be without a laam
2) Jamah kathrat: that which is indicated toward more then 10 and is made on patterns
and scales other then these .

A masdar: its a root noun and verbs are derived from it and afall is derived, and you wi,ll make
it for thalathee mujarad word, There not specific made through listening, - all have diffrent
masdars and besides that is qiyads according to rules
- Words that are thoolathee mujard dont have fixed madars: according to arabs
- If a masdar does not have a mafool mutlah, then the masdar will be the governing word
and cause the word after to get the iran. it will give rafah because of
- Ex. zayd standing astonished me, zays hitting amar astonished me.
- Their shibhul fil
- Like infiall,

Wednesday June 19, 2024 - pg 106

For a masdar sentence:
- And it is not permissible to bring the mamool before it, the governing word, so it cannot
be said zayd hitting the masdar, zayd has to be after the masdar, thoes words have to
be after the masdar not before it.
- And it is permissible to make the masdar mudaf and the faeel of it mudaf ilay
- The masdar, if it is a mafool mutlaq (the masdar that has the same meaning), bought for
emphasis, then in that case the masdar will not act as a fill. The ameel, the first word,
will be the governing word.
- Darban amran, darabtoo is the reason amran is in the state of nasb
- In other cases the masdar itself is the governing word

Ism faeel: it is the doer, derived from the fill to indicate to that which the act is established in that
is doing a certain action with that meaning of occurrence, it gives a temporary meaning, but
sifita mushabaha they have that trait in their nature.
- And its saga for thoolathee mujarad words= put it on the scale of faeel
 - And for more then 3 letter words = it will be based off of the scale of with a meem
madmoom
- Idkalla, udkeloo, a word that is more than 3 letters, you take the modare of it that word,
take a away hard mudara and replace it with a meem madmoom (damma) and the
second last letter should get a kasra

- when it's giving the meaning of present and future, then it will act like a fil maroof .

These are 6 conditions

- (1 of these 6 things for the ism faeel to act like a fil maroof,
- and if it's also giving the meaning of hall,
- and it if is giving the meaning of madde it is necaseary to do mudaf mudaf mudaf ilahi)
1. Mubtada before it
2. Zayds father is standing, Qaaeemoon is or dhool haal
3. ism mawsull - where alif lam before it, it's giving the meaning of ism mawsul, I passed by
the ones whose father is
4. before it is a mawsuf, by me their is a man who is hitting amar
5. there is a hamzah istifham before
6. harf nafee before it

This is the case for when it is nakeera, if it is marifah it will be the same as for the other cases.

- Like zayds father is hitting amr right now, present or he will hit amar tomorrow, or he hit
him yesterday
- Right now, tomorrow, or the past.
Monday June 24, 2024 pg 107
Ism mafool:It is an ism derived from fil mutadee, indicating toward an action that is done upon.
- Its saga for a thoolahtee mijarad word visible: mafool
- And anything other then that will be like ism faeel in how you construct it: where you take
the fill muadara take the meem madmoom, and kasrah on the second last letter
- Ism mafool: remove the harf mudara, meem madmoom at the end, and fatah on the
second last letter
- And it will act like the condition that is mentioned
- Fil majhool
- Fil maroof
- Like zayd sons was hit now, will be hit, or is hit
- It will act the act of a fil majohoolm, with the condition that were mentioned in ism faeel
(mubtada, dhool haal)

Sifta mushabaha: Its an ism from fel lazim To indicate towards that which the fil established,
with the meaning of persistence, gives a characteristic that is there
 - It's saga will be contrary to ism faeel and ism mafool
- It will only be known through listening
- And its feel acts generally with the conditions of that which mentioned before ( ism faail,
mafool) is dependant on
-
- Thareeefoon:humerouse
- The same conditions that apply for ism faeel, will act for ism mafool.
- And it is read in 18 different ways, because that sifta mushabaha, it will be emty from it,
and whatever it is acting upon,
- And the mamool of each word will be alif lamm, or without it with marfooh, majrroor,
monsoob
- From this it is of 5 types, which are prohibited, and 5 which are debated upon, and the
remaining are very good or the one with 1 dameer as you should read it , 2 dameers
good but not the best
- And the way to identify it, there is no dameer in the sifat, in it the mowsuf gets a sifat,

Wednesday June 26, 2024 pg 107

Ism tafdeel: it is an ism that is derived from a fil,comparing 1 thing to another and one things has
more of quality then the other
- Its saga is afaloo: only thoolathee mujarad words not a colour, nor a defect like zayd is
the most virtues of them all.
- And if it more than thalathee or it is a colour or a defect then it is necessary to build it
upon afaloo,
- to indicate toward emphasis, and strength and increase, you will bring another word that
is not a 3 letter word then you will mention a masdar of that word, like “he is the most
hardest in removing”
- For example: istikrajan: it is not a 3 letter word then before that you have to bring a word
that is a 3 letter word and used for emphasis on scale of afaloo and then you will “ huwa
ashadoo istkran”, the masdar will be monsoob
- Colours cannot be put on the pattern of afaloo, because its pattern is already that so we
dont know, we will put infront of it a word used for emphasis, “ it is a stronger red”
- “Humratan” and it will be mansoob
- “And he is the most horribly disabled”

- Based on qiyas after it will be a faeel, however it will be bought from mafool very less
 - Like “ the most excused” “ the most famous”
- Its usage is in 3 ways
1) Asa mudaf “ zayd is more virtues then the ppl”
2) Or used with alif lamm “ zaud is the most virtuous”
3) Or with from “ zayd is more virtuous than amar”

- And for the first one ism tafdeel as a mudaf singular and to correlate with the thing being
described. Afdalla or regardless keep afdaloo as
- And for the 2ed one it has alif lam: then it necessary for them to correspond “
- And for the 3ed one when its used with men: its necessary to stay singular and masculin

- And the 3 typed: all of these words act like a faeel and the faele will be a dameer within
it it will act in itself, it wont act in the ism dhaheer the word that comes after it except in
this example: it will make the isme faeel rafah “ I have not seen a person that the surma
of their eyes is more beautiful then zayds eyes”
- Meaning ahsana : is causing the next word a rafah, it will have a dameer in it but this is a
famous example.

There are 2 conditions for ism tafdeel to act an as ism dhaheer:

1. for it to be a negative sentence
2. The ism tafdeel in terms of words is occurring as a sifat, kabr, or a haal of a word but in
terms of meaning the sifat is actually a mutaliq of that word.

The beginning of every chapter:

 1) Ta3qeed; a taabi3 which signifies on emphasizing a matboo3 in that which has been attributed to
it or it signifies its inclusion of a ruling upon every part of the matboo3

2) Al badal : ‫ تابع‬that whatever is associated to its ‫ متبوع‬is associated to it (meaning ‫)تابع= بدل‬. That
which is intended by the sentence is not the ‫ متبوع‬it’s the ‫تابع‬.

3) Atful bayaan- it is a taabi3 that is not a sifat that clarifies its matboo3 and that is more famous
for the 2 names of anything , abu hafs Umar stood, umar would be more famous of 2 and
Abdullah ibn Umar stood, Abdullah ibn umar is more famous of the two

4 ‫االسم المبن‬