LECTURER : Dr. LIM Samreth , S.E ,P.E & ASEAN Eng.

NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE OF CAMBODIA

VERSION 2023
PRE-TEST ( 30MN )

I. Suppose that C is a centroid of the section as

in figure 01 :

1. Determine the moment of inertia of the section

below with respect to the y and z axis (𝑰𝒚 and 𝑰𝒛 )
and its section modulus in elasticity and plasticity.
2. Suppose a simple beam is made from this section
with 6m length to carry the total service load
90kN/m. Determinate the top and bottom fiber
stress of the section at mid-span and show its Figure 01
nature.

Page : 01
REVIEW MATERIAL

 Concrete is strong in compression but

weak in tension

 Steel is strong in tension (as well as

compression )

Page : 02
REVIEW MATERIAL
 Reinforced concrete uses concrete to resist compression and to hold the steel bars in

place, and uses steel to resist all of the tension

Page : 03
REVIEW MATERIAL
 Prestressing is a method in which compression force is applied to the

reinforced concrete section.

 The effect of prestressing is to reduce the tensile stress in the section

to the point that the tensile stress is below the cracking stress. Thus,

the concrete does not crack!

Page : 04
REVIEW MATERIAL
 It is then possible to treat prestressed concrete as an elastic material

 The concrete can be visualized to have 2 force systems

• Internal Prestressing Forces

• External Forces (from DL, LL, etc…)

 These 2 force systems must counteract each other

Page : 05
 TYPE OF STRUCTURES

Reinforced Concrete Prestressed Concrete Structural steel

Post-tensioning Pre-tensioning

Bonded PT Unbonded PT

Page : 06
 APPLICATION OF POST-TENSIONING IN
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

 Floor Systems: Flat Slab Construction

 Floor Systems: Beam and Slab Construction

External Post-Tensioning
 Transfer Plates

 Retrofit through External Post-Tensioning

Transfer plate

Flat Plate Flat Slab with drop Flat Slab with band beam

One-way slab beam

Flat Slab
Page : 07
 ADVANTAGES OF POST-TENSIONING
• Direct economic advantages of post-tensioning (PT)
 Reduction of construction time and cost.
• Additional advantages of PT over the conventional RC are:
 Shorter floor to floor height
 Longer spans
 Thinner slab
 Simple formwork
 Reduce deflection
 Reduce cracking
 Use of less reinforcing steel

Page : 08
 PRINCIPLE OF POST-TENSIONING
 What is pre-stressing?
 Pre-stressing is the application of forces through pre-
stressing tendon intended to compress and bend a
concrete element. RC member
 The pre-stressing force is applied to counteract
flexural tensile stress from other loads. Pre-stressing tendon
 What is pre-tensioning?
 Steel tendons are stressed prior to concrete compress and bend concrete
placement, usually at a precast plant remote from the
construction site.

 What is post-tensioning?
Pre-stressing plus external load
 Steel tendons are stressed after the concrete has
been placed and gained sufficient strength at the
construction site.

Page : 09
 PRINCIPLE OF POST-TENSIONING

 Centric Post-Tensioning
 Stressing is applied at center of gravity of concrete (cgc) member
Y

X cgc (also cgs)

P P
Due to other load
(a) -P
A
At top fiber
Y
P Mc
cgc (also cgs)
t   
X P P Ac Ig
+ =
P Mc
(b)
-P
A
Mc
I
b   
Ac Ig
At bottom fiber

Due to Prestressing

Page : 10
 PRINCIPLE OF POST-TENSIONING
 Eccentric Post-Tensioning
 Stressing is applied at eccentric e from center of gravity of concrete (cgc)
Y
e
X cgc
P cgs + =

P
(c)
P Pec Due to other load
A I

P Pec
At top fiber
Y A I
P Pec Mc
e t    
X cgc Ac Ig Ig
P cgs + =
P P Pec Mc
(d)
b    
Ac Ig Ig
P Pec Mc
A I I At bottom fiber

Due to Prestressing

Page : 11
 PRINCIPLE OF POST-TENSIONING

 Combined stress from PT and Other loads

P Pec Mc
  
t
   code limit
Ac Ig Ig
RC member
P Pec Mc
b       code limit
Ac Ig Ig
Pre-stressing tendon

From From From code compress and bend concrete

post-tensioning other loads

Resulted stress Allowable stress from code

Pre-stressing plus external load

Page : 12
 EXAMPLE 01 :
f ci  24 MPa
f c  32 MPa

f pu  1860 MPa

f Jack  0.75 f pu f pi  1.15 f pe

f p.total  20% f Jack  c.lim  0.45 f c  t .lim  0.5 f c
f pe  f Jack  f p.total  ci.lim  0.6 f ci  ti.lim  0.25 f c

Page : 13
TEST-01 (30MN) :
f ci  24MPa
f c  32MPa

f pu  1860 MPa

f Jack  0.75 f pu

f p.total  20% f Jack

f pe  f Jack  f p.total

f pi  1.15 f pe
 c.lim  0.45 f c
 ci.lim  0.6 f ci

 t .lim  0.5 f c
 ti.lim  0.25 f c

Determinate top and

bottom fiber stress at
critical section.
Page : 14