Web and Internet

Technology

TCP/IP
protocol
Name: Deepshikha Biswas
Roll no.: 18700120114
Dept: CSE-3
Year: 4th
College: Techno International New Town
Batch: 2020-24
 01 What is TCP/IP?
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): IP (Internet Protocol):
•Connection-Oriented: TCP establishes a •Routing and Addressing: IP is responsible for
connection between sender and receiver before routing and addressing data packets across
transmitting data, ensuring reliable delivery. networks, determining the best path to reach their
•Reliable Data Transfer: It guarantees the destination.
delivery of data packets in the correct order and •Unique IP Addresses: It assigns unique
handles error detection, retransmission, and numerical addresses to devices on a network,
flow control. allowing them to communicate with each other.
•Acknowledgments: TCP uses •Packet Fragmentation: IP manages packet
acknowledgments to confirm the receipt of data fragmentation, breaking large data packets into
packets, allowing for error recovery and smaller fragments for transmission and
ensuring data integrity. reassembling them at the destination.
 02 Architecture
•Layered Protocol Stack:
•TCP/IP operates with four layers: Application, Transport, Internet, and Link.
•Application Layer:
•Houses application-specific protocols like HTTP, FTP, SMTP.
•Transport Layer:
•Implements TCP (reliable) or UDP (unreliable) for end-to-end communication.
•Internet Layer:
•Utilizes IP for routing and addressing data packets across networks.
•Link Layer:
•Manages physical connections and data transmission over the network
medium.
•Interoperability and Encapsulation:
•Data encapsulation ensures seamless communication between layers.
•Scalability and Flexibility:
•Modular design allows for easy addition or modification of protocols.
•Universal Adoption and Standardization:
•TCP/IP is universally adopted, standardized, and widely implemented for
Internet communication.
 03 Function/Role
•End-to-End Communication: TCP/IP enables communication between
devices over networks.
•Reliable Data Delivery: TCP ensures data is transmitted reliably with
acknowledgment and error detection.
•Packet Routing and Addressing: IP routes and addresses data packets
across networks.
•Connection Management: TCP establishes and manages connections
between devices.
•Flow Control: TCP regulates data flow to prevent network congestion.
•Packet Fragmentation and Reassembly: IP handles packet
fragmentation for transmission.
•Interoperability and Standardization: TCP/IP's standardization allows
for seamless communication among diverse devices.
•Support for Various Applications: TCP/IP supports a wide range of
applications and services.
•Global Communication Backbone: TCP/IP serves as the backbone of
Internet communication.
 04 TCP vs IP
•TCP and IP are separate protocols that collaborate to facilitate data transmission within a
network.
•IP assigns the data’s destination address (IP address), while TCP ensures the data is
efficiently transported and routed to the specified destination.
•Together, TCP and IP enable communication between devices over long distances by
ensuring data reaches its intended recipient.
•The IP address functions like a phone number, identifying the destination device, while TCP
manages the networking process to facilitate data transfer.
•TCP/IP refers to the combined use of TCP and IP protocols, ensuring safe and secure data
transmission between devices, especially when complemented by appropriate security
measures.
 05 Application/ Use
cases
1.Internet Communication: Facilitates web browsing, emailing, and instant messaging.
2.File Transfer: Ensures secure and efficient file transfer via protocols like FTP and SFTP.
3.Email Communication: Enables sending and receiving emails using SMTP.
4.Remote Access: Allows remote login and control of computers and devices via SSH and
Telnet.
5.Web Services: Supports communication between web servers and clients using HTTP.
6.Voice over IP (VoIP): Enables voice communication over the internet using protocols like SIP
and RTP.
7.Network Management: Used for monitoring, configuration, and troubleshooting with SNMP.
8.Virtual Private Networks (VPNs): Establishes secure connections over the internet using
IPSec.
9.Online Gaming: Facilitates real-time multiplayer gaming experiences.
10.IoT (Internet of Things): Enables connectivity and data exchange between IoT devices and
cloud servers.
 06 Future
scope/Conclusion
Future Scope of TCP/IP Protocol: Conclusion:
1.IPv6 Adoption: Continued growth due to larger 1.Foundation of Modern Networking: TCP/IP
address space and improved security. remains the bedrock of communication.
2.IoT Integration: Crucial for seamless 2.Versatility and Utility: Vital for diverse
communication in smart environments. applications across industries.
3.5G Networks: Evolution to support high-speed, low- 3.Continued Evolution: Adapts to emerging
latency applications. technologies and trends.
4.Edge Computing: Optimization for efficient data 4.Critical Importance: Essential for global
transmission at the network edge. connectivity and innovation.
5.Security Enhancements: Continual improvement 5.Enduring Significance: Despite advancements,
to address emerging cyber threats. TCP/IP remains indispensable.
Thanking you.