International Conference on Advanced Communications Technology(ICACT)

$7UDQVIHU/HDUQLQJ$SSURDFKIRU,GHQWLILFDWLRQRI
'LVWUDFWHG'ULYLQJ

,NURPMDQRY.RELOMRQ.RPLO8JOL $OL+XVVDLQ %HRP6X.LP 6DW\DEUDWD$LFK +HH&KHRO.LP 
,QVWLWXWHRI'LJLWDO$QWL$JLQJ+HDOWKFDUH,QMH8QLYHUVLW\6RXWK.RUHD
'HSDUWPHQWRI&RPSXWHU(QJLQHHULQJ,QVWLWXWHRI'LJLWDO$QWL$JLQJ+HDOWKFDUHX+$5&,QMH8QLYHUVLW\6RXWK.RUHD
NRELOMRQLNURPMDQRY#JPDLOFRPDOLKXVVDLQGUHDP#JPDLOFRPEHRPVX#QDYHUFRPVDW\DEUDWDDLFK#JPDLOFRP
KHHNL#LQMHDFNU


$EVWUDFW ,Q UHFHQW \HDUV WKH QXPEHU RI PRWRU YHKLFOH WUDIILF $OWKRXJK GULYLQJ GLVWUDFWLRQV DUH FDWHJRUL]HG LQWR  PDLQ
FUDVKHVLVULVLQJDURXQGWKHZRUOG$FFRUGLQJWRWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV GLIIHUHQW W\SHV WKH\ GR QRW DOZD\V RFFXU VHSDUDWHO\ )RU
1DWLRQDO +LJKZD\ 7UDIILF 6DIHW\ $GPLQLVWUDWLRQ 1+76$  WKH H[DPSOH LQWKHHYHQWRIWH[WLQJRQWKHSKRQHWKUHHW\SHV RI
PDLQ FDXVH RI URDG IDWDOLWLHV DQG LQMXULHV LV GLVWUDFWHG GULYHUV GLVWUDFWLRQV RFFXU DW WKH VDPH WLPH PDQXDO YLVXDO DQG
'ULYHU GLVWUDFWLRQLVDVSHFLILF VRUWRI GULYHULQWHUIHUHQFHRQWKH
FRJQLWLYH GLVWUDFWLRQ 6DGO\ PRVW URDG FUDVKHV RFFXU GXH WR
URDGZD\,QWKLVFDVHDGHHSOHDUQLQJEDVHGV\VWHPFDQGHWHFWDQG
GLVWLQJXLVKWKHVRXUFHRIGLVWUDFWLRQVLQUHDOWLPHWRDYRLGWUDIILF KXPDQHUURU1RZDGD\VVRPHPDMRUFRPSDQLHVOLNH,QWHODUH
DFFLGHQWVDQGPDNHEHWWHUWUDQVSRUWVDIHW\7KLVSDSHUDWWHPSWV ZRUNLQJ WR GHYHORS DQ $GYDQFHG 'ULYHU$VVLVWDQW 6\VWHP
WR GHYHORS WKH V\VWHP XVLQJ WUDQVIHU OHDUQLQJ DQG ILQHWXQLQJ $'$6  WR WDFNOH WKH LVVXH E\ FUHDWLQJ V\VWHPV WR ZDUQ WKH
PHWKRGVZLWKGLIIHUHQWPRGHODUFKLWHFWXUHV9DULRXVSUHWUDLQHG GULYHUZKHQGHWHFWLRQDFWLYLWLHVDUHRFFXUULQJ)URPWKLVGHHS
ZHLJKWV ZHUH XVHG ZLWK ILQHWXQLQJ WR LPSURYH DFFXUDF\ DQG OHDUQLQJWDNHVSDUWLQ$'$6FRPSXWHUYLVLRQWHFKQLTXHV
LPSOHPHQWHG XVLQJ 0RELOH 1HW 9** DQG 5HV1HW PRGHOV 0DQ\ UHFHQW VWXGLHV IRFXV RQ WKH GHWHFWLRQ RI GLVWUDFWHG
)LQDOO\WKHUHVXOWVLOOXVWUDWHWKDWWUDQVIHUOHDUQLQJRQ0RELOH1HW GULYHUVYLDYLVXDOGDWD7DEUL]HWDODQDO\]HGDSHUFHQWDJHRI
ZLWK IUR]HQ OD\HUV LV WKH EHVW PRGHO RXW RI WKUHH PRGHOV JHWWLQJ H\H FORVXUH 3(5&/26  WR GHWHFW GULYHU GURZVLQHVV >@7KH
 RXWRI RIDFFXUDF\RQWKHWHVWGDWDVHWLPDJHV
IUHTXHQF\DQGGXUDWLRQRIDGULYHU¶VH\HVWDWHIRUDPLQRUWDVN
 DUHXVHGWRPDNHDWRWDOPHDVXUHPHQWRIH\HVRIIWKHURDGZD\
.H\ZRUGV²'LVWUDFWHG GULYHU GHHS FRQYROXWLRQDO QHXUDO &UD\HWDOLQWURGXFHGDKLGGHQ0DUNRYPRGHO +00 EDVHG
QHWZRUNVWUDQVIHUOHDUQLQJILQHWXQLQJSUHWUDLQHGPRGHO PHWKRGWRGHWHFWGLVWUDFWHGGULYLQJEHKDYLRUVWKDWDFKLHYHG
DFFXUDF\>@7KHLUWHFKQLTXHQHHGVWRGHWHFWWKHGULYHU¶VIDFH
, ,1752'8&7,21 DQG ULJKW DUP ,Q  $ERXHOQDJD HW DO SURYLGHG D GDWDVHW
,Q RXU PRGHUQ OLIH WKH ULVLQJ QXPEHU RI WUDQVSRUWV RQ WKH WKDWLVVLPLODUWRWKH6WDWH)DUPGDWDVHW>@DQGLQWURGXFHGD
URDGZD\VDIIHFWHGDQLQFUHDVHLQWUDIILFFUDVKHV$FFRUGLQJWR UHDOWLPH GLVWUDFWLRQ GHWHFWLRQ DSSURDFK XVLQJ D ZHLJKWHG
WKH:RUOG+HDOWK2UJDQL]DWLRQHYHU\\HDUQHDUO\PLOOLRQ DVVHPEO\ RI ILYH $OH[ 1HW DQG ILYH *RRJOH 1HW PRGHOV ZLWK
SHRSOH GLH DQG  PLOOLRQ DUH LQMXUHG DV D UHVXOW RI WUDIILF KDQGIDFHDQGVNLQIHDWXUHV>@7KHV\VWHPDFKLHYHGDEHWWHU
DFFLGHQWV>@$FFRUGLQJWRDUHFHQWVWXG\E\WKH8QLWHG6WDWHV FODVVLILFDWLRQ DFFXUDF\ RI  EXW LW LV D ELW FRPSOH[ IRU
1DWLRQDO +LJKZD\ 7UDIILF 6DIHW\ $GPLQLVWUDWLRQ 1+76$  UHDOWLPH GHWHFWLRQ %DKHWL HW DO WDFNOHG WKLV SUREOHP RI
RQH RI WKH PDLQ FDXVHV RI URDG IDWDOLWLHV DQG LQMXULHV LV FRPSOH[LW\ DQG GHFUHDVHG WKH QXPEHU RI SDUDPHWHUV
GLVWUDFWHG GULYHUV 'LVWUDFWHG GULYLQJ LV GDQJHURXV FODLPLQJ UHPDUNDEO\DQGDFKLHYHGDQDFFXUDF\RI>@,Q
KXPDQOLYHVLQDORQH$PRQJWKHPGULYHUV 9ODGHWDOIRFXVHGRQWKHDFWLYDWLRQIXQFWLRQVRQWKH9**
SDVVHQJHUVELF\FOLVWVDQGSHGHVWULDQVRQWKH 86 EDVHDUFKLWHFWXUHDQGLPSURYHGWKHWHVWDFFXUDF\WR>@
URDGV7KHVHULVN\GLVWUDFWLRQVOHDGWRDGDQJHUWRFDURZQHUV %DVXEHLWHWDO>@SURSRVHGDWUDQVIHUOHDUQLQJWHFKQLTXHZLWK
SDVVHQJHUV DV ZHOO DV SHGHVWULDQV DQG SHGDO F\FOLVWV >@ GLIIHUHQWPRGHOVWRFRPSDUHSUHWUDLQHGGHHSFRQYROXWLRQDO
'LVWUDFWLRQ KDSSHQV ZKHQ SHRSOH DYHUW WKHLU DWWHQWLRQ IURP QHXUDO QHWZRUNV DQG DFKLHYHG  DFFXUDF\ UHVXOW YLD WKH
GULYLQJVDIHO\WRIRFXVRQVRPHRWKHUDFWLYLWLHV$FFRUGLQJWR 9**PRGHORQXQVHHQWHVWLPDJHV
WKH &HQWUH IRU 'LVHDVH &RQWURO DQG 3UHYHQWLRQ &'&  WKHVH ,Q WKLV UHVHDUFK 0RELOH 1HW 9** DQG 5HV1HW GHHS
EHKDYLRUV DUH PRVWO\ GLYLGHG LQWR  PDLQ JURXSV YLVXDO FRQYROXWLRQDO QHWZRUN DUH XVHG DV D WUDQVIHU OHDUQLQJ
PDQXDODQGFRJQLWLYHGLVWUDFWLRQV>@ IUDPHZRUN ZKHUH WKH\ FRPH SUHWUDLQHG RQ WKH ,PDJH1HW
‡0DQXDOGLVWUDFWLRQ7KHGULYHUWDNHVKLVKHUKDQGVRIIWKH GDWDVHW %HVLGHV WKUHH GLIIHUHQW ILQHWXQLQJ VWUDWHJLHV ZHUH
ZKHHOHJGULQNLQJHDWLQJHWF DSSOLHG WR IUHH]H VRPH RI WKHLU OD\HUV IRU FRPSDULQJ DQG
‡9LVXDOGLVWUDFWLRQ7KHGULYHUORRNVDZD\IURPWKHURDG LQFUHDVLQJWKHDFFXUDF\6WDWH)DUPGDWDVHW>@LVXVHGIRUWKH
HJUHDGLQJZDWFKLQJWKHSKRQHHWF H[SHULPHQW WR FODVVLI\ LPDJHV LQWR WHQ FODVVHV 7KH
‡&RJQLWLYHGLVWUDFWLRQ7KHGULYHU VPLQGLVQRWFRPSOHWHO\ FODVVLILFDWLRQDFFXUDF\RIWKHVHFRQGPRGHORI0RELO1HWZLOO
FRQFHQWUDWHGRQWKHGULYLQJWDVNHJWDONLQJWKLQNLQJHWF EH YLVXDOL]HG XVLQJ WKH QRQQRUPDOL]HG DQG QRUPDOL]HG



ISBN 979-11-88428-06-9 420 ICACT2021 February 07 ~ 10, 2021
Authorized licensed use limited to: LIVERPOOL JOHN MOORES UNIVERSITY. Downloaded on September 02,2021 at 16:29:05 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 International Conference on Advanced Communications Technology(ICACT)

FRQIXVLRQ PDWUL[ WKDW VKRZHG EHWWHU DFFXUDF\ UHVXOWV DPRQJ LPDJHV LQWR WKRXVDQGV RI REMHFW FDWHJRULHV 'XH WR WKHVH
WKHPZLWKFRUUHFWSUHGLFWLRQVRXWRILPDJHWHVWEHGV DGYDQWDJHV WKUHH PRGHOV¶ DUFKLWHFWXUHV DQG ZHLJKWV DUH XVHG
RQWRSOD\HUVRIWKHPRGHOWRWUDLQWKH6WDWH)DUPGDWDVHW7DEOH
,, '$7$6(7'(6&5,37,21 GHPRQVWUDWHVQLQHPRGHOVKLGGHQOD\HUVFODVVLILFDWLRQOD\HUV
DQG RYHUDOO WKHLU GHSWK 7KH ILUVW WKUHH PRGHOV KDYH EHHQ
DSSOLHG0RELOH1HWOD\HUVDQGLWVWUDLQHGZHLJKWVDQGWKUHH
DGGLWLRQDOOD\HUVDGGHGRQFODVVLILFDWLRQSDUW:KLOHWKHRWKHU
WKUHH PRGHOV ZHUH SUHWUDLQHG  OD\HUV RI 9** EXW WHQ
FDWHJRULHVRQWKHRXWSXWOD\HU
0RUHRYHU WKH UHPDLQLQJ PRGHOV EXLOWLQ  OD\HUV RI
5HV1HWDQG*OREDO$YHUDJH3RROLQJ' 'HQVH  DQG
'HQVH  OD\HUV

7DEOH /LVWRI0RGHOV



)LJXUH6DPSOHLPDJHVRIHDFKFODVVRIGLVWUDFWHGGULYLQJ

,QWKLVH[SHULPHQW6WDWH)DUP'LVWUDFWHG'ULYHU'HWHFWLRQ
LV XVHG ZKLFK LV D SXEOLFDOO\ DYDLODEOH LPDJH GDWDVHW RQ
.DJJOHFRP,Q6WDWH)DUPVWDUWHGDFKDOOHQJHWRGHWHFW
GLVWUDFWHG GULYHUV¶ EHKDYLRUV EDVHG RQ D SURYLGHG GDWDVHW ,W
FRQVLVWVRIWUDLQLQJDQGWHVWLQJFRORULPDJHVWKDW
VKRZHG GULYHUV HLWKHU FDSWXUHG LQ GLVWUDFWLQJ DFWLYLWLHV RU 
GULYLQJ VDIHO\ >@ 7KHUH LV D WRWDO RI WHQ FODVVHV WR SUHGLFW
7DEOHLOOXVWUDWHVWKHWHQGLIIHUHQWEHKDYLRUV ZKLOH)LJXUH % )LQH7XQLQJ
VKRZVVRPHRIWKHVDPSOHLPDJHVIRUHDFKFODVV )LQHWXQLQJLVDZD\RIXWLOL]LQJRUDSSO\LQJWUDQVIHUOHDUQLQJ
:KHQLWFRPHVWRWUDLQLQJWKHPRGHOLPDJHVDUHWDNHQLQ 7KHUHLVDGLIIHUHQWNLQGRIILQHWXQLQJWHFKQLTXHWUXQFDWLQJWKH
HDFKFODVVIRUWHVWLQJ XQVHHQLPDJHV SHUFHQWDJHIRU ODVW OD\HU XVLQJ D VPDOOHU OHDUQLQJ UDWH DQG IUHH]LQJ WKH
WUDLQLQJ   DQG  SHUFHQWDJH IRU YDOLGDWLRQ   ZHLJKWVRIWKHOD\HUVDUHDPRQJWKHVHPHWKRGV,QWKLVSDSHU
UHVSHFWLYHO\DPRQJWRWDOLPDJHV WKHIUHH]LQJWHFKQLTXHLVXVHGWRFRPSDUHHDFKPRGHO7DEOH
   UHSUHVHQWV WKDW PRGHOB PRGHOB DQG PRGHOB OD\HUV DUH
7DEOH /LVWRIGLVWUDFWHGGULYLQJDFWLYLWLHV IUR]HQ WLOO KLGGHQ OD\HUV ZKLOH PRGHOB PRGHOB DQG
 PRGHOB OD\HUV DUH DOO WUDLQDEOH RU WKH ODVW RQH KDV IUR]HQ
&ODVV %HKDYLRXU 9**  :KHQ LW FRPHV WR WKH UHPDLQLQJ WKUHH PRGHOV
 GLIIHUHQWDSSURDFKHVDUHXVHG7KH\DUHIUR]HQDQG
&  6DIHGULYLQJ DFFRUGLQJO\WRDFKLHYHDYHUDJHWUDLQDEOHSDUDPHWHUV
&  7H[WLQJXVLQJULJKWKDQG 
&  7DONLQJRQWKHSKRQHXVLQJWKHULJKWKDQG 7DEOH /LVW RI IUR]HQ OD\HUV DQG WUDLQDEOH
&  7H[WLQJXVLQJOHIWKDQG SDUDPHWHUV 
&  7DONLQJRQWKHSKRQHXVLQJWKHOHIWKDQG 
&  2SHUDWLQJ $GMXVWLQJ WKHUDGLR
&  'ULQNLQJ
&  5HDFKLQJEHKLQG
&  +DLUDQGPDNHXS
&  7DONLQJWRDSDVVHQJHU


,,,'((3/($51,1*02'(/
$ 7UDQVIHU/HDUQLQJ
7UDQVIHUOHDUQLQJLVDGHHSOHDUQLQJWHFKQLTXHWKDWVWRUHVWKH
NQRZOHGJHJDLQHGZKLOHVROYLQJRQHLVVXHDQGXVHLWWRDQHZ
EXWUHODWHGSUREOHP1LQHPRGHOVEDVHGRQ0RELOH1HW9**
DQG 5HV1HW PRGHOV ZHUH XVHG LQ WKLV UHVHDUFK 7KH\ DUH
RULJLQDOO\WUDLQHGRQWKH,PDJH1HWGDWDEDVHZKLFKFDQFODVVLI\ 



ISBN 979-11-88428-06-9 421 ICACT2021 February 07 ~ 10, 2021
Authorized licensed use limited to: LIVERPOOL JOHN MOORES UNIVERSITY. Downloaded on September 02,2021 at 16:29:05 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 International Conference on Advanced Communications Technology(ICACT)

,95(68/7$1'',6&866,21 )LJXUH7UDLQLQJ/RVV

,Q WKLV VHFWLRQ ZH ZDQW WR GHPRQVWUDWH WKH UHVXOW RI WKH 7DEOH )LUVWDQG)LIWHHQWK(SRFKYDOXHVRIDOO
ILJXUHV DQG WDEOHV IRU JHWWLQJ FOHDU FRPSUHKHQVLRQ RI WKH
PRGHOV
FRPSDULVRQ RI DOO QLQH SUHWUDLQHG PRGHOV XVHG GLIIHUHQW
WHFKQLTXHV/RRNLQJDWILJXUHVDQGSURYLGHWKDWUHWUDLQHG
PRGHOVZLWKRQO\HSRFKVUHSUHVHQWDVLJQLILFDQWLQFUHDVHLQ
DFFXUDF\ DQG GHFUHDVH LQ ORVV YDOXHV (VSHFLDOO\ ILQHWXQHG
PRGHOV WKDW KDYH DYHUDJH WUDLQDEOH SDUDPHWHUV PRGHOB
PRGHOBDQGPRGHOBVKRZLQJEHWWHUSHUIRUPDQFHLQHDUO\
HSRFKV7DEOHKLJKOLJKWVWKHILUVWDQGWKHODVWILIWHHQWKHSRFKV
ZLWK WUDLQ DFFXUDF\ YDOLGDWLRQ DFFXUDF\ WUDLQ ORVV DQG
YDOLGDWLRQORVVYDOXHVRIQLQHPRGHOV&RPSDULQJDOOUHWUDLQHG
PRGHOVPRGHOBXVHG0RELOH1HWDUFKLWHFWXUHDQGSUHWUDLQHG
ZHLJKWV ZLWK  IUR]HQ OD\HUV \LHOG WKH KLJKHVW DFFXUDF\ RI 
DQGDQGWKHORZHVWORVVRIDQGUDWH 
RQWUDLQDQGYDOLGDWLRQVHWVUHVSHFWLYHO\ 7DEOH 7HVWVHWDFFXUDF\
)XUWKHUPRUH 7DEOH  LOOXVWUDWHV SUHGLFWLRQV RI  XQVHHQ

WHVWGDWDDQGWKHLUDFFXUDF\2QWKHWHVWEHGPRGHOBSUHGLFWHG
LPDJHVFRUUHFWO\DQGRQO\ PDNLQJ PLVWDNHVRXWRI
WHVW LPDJHV VFRULQJ  DV RYHUDOO DFFXUDF\ DQG 
PXOWLFODVV ORJDULWKPLF ORVV )LJXUHV  DQG  VKRZ WKH QRQ
QRUPDOL]HGDQGQRUPDOL]HGFRQIXVLRQPDWUL[





)LJXUH7UDLQLQJ$FFXUDF\



)LJXUH1RQQRUPDOL]HG&RQIXVLRQ0DWUL[RIPRGHOB


 
 



ISBN 979-11-88428-06-9 422 ICACT2021 February 07 ~ 10, 2021
Authorized licensed use limited to: LIVERPOOL JOHN MOORES UNIVERSITY. Downloaded on September 02,2021 at 16:29:05 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 International Conference on Advanced Communications Technology(ICACT)

)LJXUH1RUPDOL]HG&RQIXVLRQ0DWUL[RIPRGHOB KWWSVZZZZKRLQWYLROHQFHBLQMXU\BSUHYHQWLRQSXEOLFDWLRQVURDGBWUDI
ILFGLVWUDFWHGBGULYLQJBHQSGI
9 &21&/86,216 >@ 
>@ 86 'HSDUWPHQW RI 7UDQVSRUWDWLRQ ± 1DWLRQDO +LJKZD\ 7UDIILF 6DIHW\
,Q WKLV SDSHU LW ZDV IRXQG WKDW SUHWUDLQHG GHHS OHDUQLQJ $GPLQLVWUDWLRQ µ7UDIILF VDIHW\ IDFWV¶ $SULO  $YDLODEOH 
PRGHOVRQWKH,PDJH1HWGDWDVHWFDQEHILQHWXQHGWRLPSURYH KWWSVFUDVKVWDWVQKWVDGRWJRY$SL3XEOLF9LHZ3XEOLFDWLRQ
WKH DFFXUDF\ WR FODVVLI\ 6WDWH )DUP GLVWUDFWHG GULYHU GDWDVHW >@ &HQWUHIRU'LVHDVH&RQWURODQG3UHYHQWLRQ &'& ³'LVWUDFWHGGULYLQJ´
5HWULHYHG IURP 2FWREHU    $YDLODEOH DW
7KUHH DUFKLWHFWXUHV DQG WKHLU ZHLJKWV ZHUH XVHG DQG DSSOLHG KWWSVZZZFGFJRYWUDQVSRUWDWLRQVDIHW\GLVWUDFWHGBGULYLQJLQGH[KWPO
ZLWKWKUHHGLIIHUHQW IUHH]LQJWHFKQLTXHVRQWKHOD\HUV PDNLQJ >@ 7DEUL]L35DQG=RURRIL5$6HSWHPEHU'URZVLQHVVGHWHFWLRQ
WKHP RYHUDOO QLQH PRGHOV $IWHU UHWUDLQLQJ PRGHOV ZLWK EDVHGRQEULJKWQHVVDQGQXPHUDOIHDWXUHVRIH\HLPDJH ,Q)LIWK
GLVWUDFWHG GULYHUV LPDJH GDWDVHW WKH\ DUH HYDOXDWHG E\ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO &RQIHUHQFH RQ ,QWHOOLJHQW ,QIRUPDWLRQ +LGLQJ DQG
SUHGLFWLQJ  XQVHHQ WHVW VHWV $V D UHVXOW 0RELOH 1HW >@ 0XOWLPHGLD6LJQDO3URFHVVLQJ SS ,(((
&UD\H & DQG .DUUD\ )  'ULYHU GLVWUDFWLRQ GHWHFWLRQ DQG
PRGHOB VKRZHG WKH EHVW ZLWK  DFFXUDF\ ,W LV UHFRJQLWLRQXVLQJ5*%'VHQVRUDU;LYSUHSULQWDU;LY
UHFRPPHQGHG WKDW WKLV PRGHO FRXOG EH XVHG LQ UHDOWLPH >@ $ERXHOQDJD < (UDTL +0 DQG 0RXVWDID 01  5HDOWLPH
HQYLURQPHQWV GLVWUDFWHGGULYHUSRVWXUHFODVVLILFDWLRQDU;LYSUHSULQWDU;LY
>@ %DKHWL%*DMUH6DQG7DOEDU6'HWHFWLRQRIGLVWUDFWHGGULYHU
XVLQJ FRQYROXWLRQDO QHXUDO QHWZRUN ,Q 3URFHHGLQJV RI WKH ,(((
$&.12:/('*0(17 &RQIHUHQFH RQ &RPSXWHU 9LVLRQ DQG 3DWWHUQ 5HFRJQLWLRQ :RUNVKRSV
7KLV UHVHDUFK ZDV VXSSRUWHG E\ WKH 0LQLVWU\ RI 7UDGH SS 
,QGXVWU\ DQG (QHUJ\ 027,(  .25($ WKURXJK WKH >@ 7DPDV 9 DQG 0DWLHV 9  5HDO7LPH 'LVWUDFWHG 'ULYHUV
'HWHFWLRQ 8VLQJ 'HHS /HDUQLQJ $PHULFDQ -RXUQDO RI $UWLILFLDO
(GXFDWLRQ 3URJUDP IRU &UHDWLYH DQG ,QGXVWULDO &RQYHUJHQFH ,QWHOOLJHQFH  SS
*UDQW1XPEHU1  >@ %DVXEHLW2*+RZ'17+RX<&DQG6DKDUL.60'LVWUDFWHG
'ULYHU'HWHFWLRQZLWK'HHS&RQYROXWLRQDO1HXUDO1HWZRUN
5()(5(1&(6 >@ .DJJOH 6WDWH )DUP 'LVWUDFWHG 'ULYHU 'HWHFWLRQ $YDLODEOH DW
>@ :+2 /LEUDU\&DWDORJXLQJLQ3XEOLFDWLRQ'DWD³0RELOHSKRQHXVHD KWWSVZZZNDJJOHFRPFVWDWHIDUPGLVWUDFWHGGULYHUGHWHFWLRQGDWD
JURZLQJ SUREOHP RI GULYHU GLVWUDFWLRQ´  $YDLODEOH 

 
 
 6DW\DEUDWD$LFKLVZRUNLQJDVD/HFWXUHDWWKH,QVWLWXWH
,NURPMDQRY.RELOMRQ.RPLO8JOLLVDPDVWHUVWXGHQWDW RI'LJLWDO$QWL$JLQJ+HDOWKFDUH,QMH8QLYHUVLW\+H
WKH ,QVWLWXWH RI 'LJLWDO $QWL$JLQJ +HDOWKFDUH ,QMH KDV SXEOLVKHG PDQ\ UHVHDUFK SDSHUV LQ MRXUQDOV DQG
8QLYHUVLW\+H KDV UHFHLYHG KLV %DFKHORU GHJUHH LQ FRQIHUHQFHV LQ WKH UHDOPV RI 0DFKLQH OHDUQLQJ 7H[W
FRPSXWHUHQJLQHHULQJIURP6RXWK.RUHD+HKDVZRUNHG PLQLQJDQG$UWLILFLDOLQWHOOLJHQFH+LVUHVHDUFKLQWHUHVWV
LQPDQ\UHDOOLIHSURMHFWVUHODWHGWRDUWLILFLDOLQWHOOLJHQFH DUH QDWXUDO ODQJXDJH SURFHVVLQJ 0DFKLQH OHDUQLQJ
+LVUHVHDUFKLQWHUHVWVDUHDUWLILFLDOLQWHOOLJHQFH0DFKLQH VXSSO\ FKDLQ PDQDJHPHQW 7H[W PLQLQJ %LR
OHDUQLQJELJGDWDPDFKLQHYLVLRQ,QWHUQHWRI7KLQJV LQIRUPDWLFVDQG%ORFNFKDLQ
 
 
 
 +HH&KHRO .LP UHFHLYHG KLV %6F DW 'HSDUWPHQW RI
 0DWKHPDWLFV06FDW'HSDUWPHQWRI&RPSXWHU6FLHQFH
$OL+XVVDLQLVDPDVWHUVWXGHQWDWWKH,QVWLWXWHRI'LJLWDO LQ6R*DQJ8QLYHUVLW\LQ.RUHDDQG3K'DW1XPHULFDO
$QWL$JLQJ+HDOWKFDUH,QMH8QLYHUVLW\+HKDVUHFHLYHG $QDO\VLVDQG&RPSXWLQJ6FLHQFH6WRFNKROP8QLYHUVLW\
KLV %DFKHORU GHJUHH LQ FRPSXWHU HQJLQHHULQJ IURP LQ 6ZHGHQ LQ  +H LV 3URIHVVRU DW 'HSDUWPHQW RI
3DNLVWDQ +H KDV ZRUNHG LQ PDQ\ UHDOOLIH SURMHFWV &RPSXWHU (QJLQHHULQJ DQG +HDG RI WKH ,QVWLWXWH RI
UHODWHGWRDUWLILFLDOLQWHOOLJHQFH+LVUHVHDUFKLQWHUHVWVDUH 'LJLWDO$QWLDJLQJ+HDOWKFDUH,QMH8QLYHUVLW\LQ.RUHD
DUWLILFLDO LQWHOOLJHQFH 0DFKLQH OHDUQLQJ ELJ GDWD +LV UHVHDUFK LQWHUHVWV LQFOXGH 0DFKLQH OHDUQLQJ 7H[W
PDFKLQHYLVLRQ PLQLQJ%LR,QIRUPDWLFV
 
 
 
 
 
%HRPVX .LP LV D PDVWHU VWXGHQW DW WKH ,QVWLWXWH RI 
'LJLWDO$QWL$JLQJ+HDOWKFDUH,QMH8QLYHUVLW\+HKDV
ZRUNHG LQ PDQ\ UHDOOLIH SURMHFWV UHODWHG WR DUWLILFLDO
LQWHOOLJHQFH +LV UHVHDUFK LQWHUHVWV DUH DUWLILFLDO
LQWHOOLJHQFH0DFKLQHOHDUQLQJELJGDWDWH[WPLQLQJ













ISBN 979-11-88428-06-9 423 ICACT2021 February 07 ~ 10, 2021
Authorized licensed use limited to: LIVERPOOL JOHN MOORES UNIVERSITY. Downloaded on September 02,2021 at 16:29:05 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.