Maths Frameworking Pupil Book 2.

2 Answers

Exercise 1A
1 a 1 b –9 c7 d0 e –8 f –10 g –10 h 1 i –18 j –2
2 3 a –6 b –12 c –10 d 18
e –24 f –20 g 12 h6
i–14 j –16 k 60 l –32
m 30 n –18 o 16 p 56

4 For example 3 × –4, –2 × 6, –1 × 12, 12 ÷ –1, –12 ÷ 1

5 a –4 b –6 c –3 d 2 e –4 f –8 g8 h6
i–3.5 j 2 k –6 l 2 m 7.5 n –9 o 4 p –4.5
6 a b c

7 a
–6 b 6 –9 12 –15 × –1 –3 4 –6 × –5 6 7 –8
4 c – – –2 2 6 –8 12 –
–3 d 18 30 –2 10 –12 16
12 24 – 14
75 e 4 –6 8 –10 –4 4 12 24
16 –
24 f 3 18 21 –24
– – 5 –5 –15 20 –30 15
8 g 15 25 –
10 20 7 –7 –21 28 –42 4 24 28 –32
–2 h 20
6 –
i–6 j8 k –2 l –8 m –2 n –4 o 7 –5 25 –30 40
35
8 a i4 ii 16 iii 9 iv 36 b Because –ve × –ve = positive
and +ve × +ve = positive
9 a –2 b 2 c –14 d –4 e 26 f –10 g 4 h 3
10 a 2×(–5+4) b (–2+ –6)×3 c 9 – (5 – 2)
Challenge: Algebraic magic squares
A 3c B C

9 –14 11 –6 –1 –8
4 2 0 –7 –5 –3
–7 18 –5 –2 –9 –4

Exercise 1B
1 a 1, 3, 5, 15 b 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20 c 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32
d 1, 5, 7, 35 e 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30, 60
2 a5 b 15 c 20 d 4
3 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18
4 a 1, 2, 4 b 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 c 1, 5 d 1, 3, 5, 15
e 1, 2, 5, 10 f 1, 2, 4, 8 g 1, 3 h 1, 7
5 a3 b4 c2 d4 e2 f2 g9 h1
6 a 20 b 9 c4 d 28 e 15 f 36 g 50 h 40

7 a b c d e f g h
8 Seven groups of nine pupils
Investigation: Tests for divisibility
A It ends in an even number
B The digits will add up to a multiple of 3
C If it ends with a 0, 4 or 8 and the tens digit is 0 or even – or if it ends with a 2 or 6 and the
tens digit is odd

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
D Ends in a 0 or a 5
E If it’s even and a multiple of 3
F The digits will add up to a multiple of 9
G a 108, 390, 4503, 111111 b 108, 220, 580, 12716 c 108, 390, 12716 d 108

Exercise 1C
1 a 10,4,18,8,72,100 b 18,69,81,33,72 c 10,65,100 d 18,81,72
2 a 4,8,12,16,20,24,28,32,36,40 b 5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50
c 8,16,24,32,40,48,56,64,72,80 d 15,30,45,60,75,90,105,120,135,150
e 20,40,60,80,100,120,140,160,180,200
3 a 40 b 20 c 30 d 40
4 a 45 b 25 c 24 d 12 e 24 f 60 g 63 h 77
5 a 30 b 60 c 120 d 90 e 24 f 240 g 252 h 231
6 480
7 112 seconds
8 630cm
9 4 or 5 depending on when they were first all together
Challenge: LCM and HCF
A a 2 and 14 b 3 and 18 c 5 and 60
B a i 1, 35 ii 1, 12 iii 1, 22 b xy
C a i 5, 10 ii 3, 18 iii 4, 20 by

Exercise 1D
16 25 36 49 64 81 100
64 125 216 343 512 729 1000
1

2 a2 b8 c9 d 10 e5 f3 g5 h 10 i8 j9
3 a 169 b 2197 c 225 d 3375 e 441 f 9261 g 1.96
h 5.832 i 12.167 j 20.25 k 1728 l 3.375
4 a 16 b 243 c 81 d 32 e 256 f 625 g 2401 h 512 i 128
j 512 k 1024 l 59049
5 a 400 b 27000 c 125000 d 3200000 e 4900 f 8000000
4 5 6 7
6 10 , 10 , 10 , 10
7 a ±6 b ±11 c ±12 d ±1.5 e ±14 f ±2.4 g ±1.6 h ±60
8 All answers are 1
9 ai1 ii–1 iii1 iv–1 v 1 b i –1 ii 1
3
10 a 729 b 16
Challenge: Squares on a chessboard
204

Exercise 1E
1 a 12 b 90 c 36 d 270 e 150
2 a2×2×2 b2×5 c2×2×2×2 d2×2×5 e2×2×7
f 2 × 17 g5×7 h 2 × 2 × 13 i 2 × 2 × 3 × 5 j 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 ×5
3 a2×3×7 b3×5×5 c2×2×5×7 d2×5×5×5 e2×2×2×2×2×3×5
4 2→2, 3→3, 4→2 × 2, 5→5, 6→2 × 3, 7→7, 8→2 × 2 × 2, 9→3 × 3, 10→2 × 5, 11→11,
12→2 × 2 × 3, 13→13, 14→2 × 7, 15→3 × 5, 16→2 × 2 × 2 × 2, 17→17, 18→2 × 3 × 3,
19→19, 20→2 × 2 × 5

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
5 a 2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19 b Prime numbers
6 a 2 3 × 52 b 2 × 52 c 23 × 53 d 26 × 56
7 a 2 × 5 = 10 b 2 × 3 × 5 = 30
8 a 25 b 26 c 27 d 210
9 a 2² × 3 × 5 b 2² × 5² c 300 d 2² × 3 × 5²
10 420
Challenge: LCM and HCF in Venn diagrams
A a 6, 360 b 10, 450 c 12, 336
B C

Chapter 1: Answers to Review Questions

1 b, d and e
2 a 24, 52, 33 b 16384
3 For example 2 × –5 and 20 ÷ –2
4 a –4, 7 b 4, –7 c 5, 6
5 50cm
6 a 144m b 3m
7 a 25 × 25 × 36, £225 b 49 × 49 × 64, £289
8 a 210 b 17
9 a

Chapter 1: Answers to Challenge – Blackpool Tower

1 7111 gallons

2 a b2 p
3 a The Eiffel Tower was cheaper by 61p, at £8.89 b 2 times c 13 times
4 437 cm²
5 £78 840
6 a 190 million b 6.57 m
7 No, D = 39.5 km and the Isle of Man is 42 km away

Exercise 2A
1 ae bf cg dh ed fc
2 a a = 70º b b = 125º c c = 160º d d = 48º
e e = 75º f f = 57º g g = 121º h h = 34º

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
3 b, the other two show a pair of alternate angles
4 c, the other two show a pair of corresponding angles
5 a, the other two show a pair of allied angles
6 a a= 50º (alternate angles) b b= 62º (corresponding angles)
c c= 108º (alternate angles ) d d= 41º (alternate angles)
e e= 124º (corresponding angles) f f= 63º (corresponding angles)
7 a a= 122º (angles on a line), b = 58º (corresponding angles or allied angles),
c = 58º (opposite angles)
b d = 60º (opposite angles), e = 60º (corresponding angles), f = 120º (allied angles)
8 x and y are allied angles and add up to 180°
9 Extend the middle parallel line to split angle f into 2 angles
a and b
a = 20° (alternate angles are equal)
b = 55° (alternate angles are equal)
So f = 20° + 55° = 75°
Mathematical reasoning: More about parallel lines
Note: other reasons are possible
A a = 85o (corresponding angles are equal), b = 75o (corresponding angles are equal),
c = 85o (alternate angles are equal)
B d = 90o (alternate angles are equal), e = 42o (alternate angles are equal)
C f = 65o (corresponding angles are equal), g = 115o (angles on a line add up to 180°)
h = 65o (corresponding angles are equal), i = 115o (allied angles add up to 180°)
D j = 98o (angles on a line add up to 180°), k = 33o (alternate angles are equal),
l = 147o (angles on a line add up to 180°), m = 98o (allied angles add up to 180°)
E n = 35o (angles on a line add up to 180°, then angles in a triangle add up to 180°),
o = 83o (corresponding angles are equal, then angles on a line add up to 180°),
p = 118o (opposite angles are equal), q = 118o (corresponding angles are equal)
Exercise 2B
1 No lines of One line of Two lines of Four lines of
symmetry symmetry symmetry symmetry
Parallelogram Kite Rectangle Square
Trapezium Arrowhead Rhombus
2 Rotational symmetry Rotational symmetry Rotational
of order one of order two symmetry of
order four
Kite Rectangle Square
Arrowhead Parallelogram
Trapezium Rhombus
3 Rectangle 4 Parallelogram
5 Wrong, it could be a rhombus
6 Wrong, it could be a parallelogram or a rhombus
7 Parallelogram, rhombus
8 Use the line of symmetry
AC on the kite.
So triangle ADC is
identical to triangle ABC.
So p = q.
Investigation: Rectangles into squares
For example, for a 4 by 2 rectangle, 3 different ways

4 by 2
For example, for a 4 by 3 rectangle, 4 different ways

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
4 by 3

Exercise 2C
1 a b c

2 a b c d

3 ia

b A(1, 4), B(4, 1), C(1, 1) c A’(−4, 1), B’(−1, 4), C’(−1, 1)

ii a

b A(−2, 4), B(−2, 1), C(−4, 1) c A’(4, 2), B’(1, 2), C’(1, 4)

iii a

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
b A(−1, −1), B(−1, −3), C(−5, −3) c A’(1, 1), B’(1, 3), C’(5, 3)
iv a

b A(4, −1), B(4, −4), C(0, −4) c A’(−4, 1), B’(−4, 4), C’(0, 4)

4 a
b A’(6, −1), B’(6, −3), C’(2, −3), D’(2, −1) c A rotation through
90° anticlockwise about the origin O

5 a

b A rotation through 90° clockwise about the point (2, 1) or a rotation through 270°
anticlockwise about the point (2, 1)
Challenge: Finding the centre of rotation
A A rotation of 90° anticlockwise (or 270° clockwise) about the point (2, 0)
B A rotation of 180° clockwise (or anticlockwise) about the point (1, 0)
C A rotation of 90° clockwise (or 270° anticlockwise) about the point (1, −1)

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
Exercise 2D
1 a 6 units right
b 3 units right and 3 units down
c 6 units down
d 7 units right and 5 units down
e 6 units left and 6 units down
f 4 units right and 2 units down
g 7 units right and 1 unit up
h 7 units left and 5 units up
2 a A(1, 4), B(4, 2), C(1, 2)
b and d

c (–5, 2), (–2, 0), (–5, 0)

e (0, –2), (3, –4), (0, –4)
f 1 unit right and 6 units up
3 a

b A’ (5, 3), B’ (0, 3), C’ (0, 1), D’ (3, 1)

c Only the position has changed. The size and orientation of the trapezium have stayed the
same.
4 a A (3, −1), B (2, −3), C (3, −5), D (4, −3)
b and d

c A’ (1, 5), B’ (0, 3), C’ (1, 1), D’ (2, 3)

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
 e A’’ (−2, 1), B’’ (−3, −1), C’’ (−2, −3),
D’’ (−1, −1)
f Translation 5 units right and 2 units down
5 a and b

c Translate triangle Z 4 units left and 1 unit down back to triangle Y and then rotate
triangle Y through 90° clockwise about the origin O back to triangle X.
Investigation: Dotty translations
Check pupils’ answers

Exercise 2E
Check pupils’ drawings.
Activity: Construct a line parallel to a given line and passing through a given point
Check pupils’ drawings

Chapter 2: Answers to Review Questions

1 a b c

2 a and b c 1 unit left and 3 units up

3 a a = 112° (alternate angles are equal) b b = 56° (corresponding angles are equal)
c c = 43° (allied angles add up to 180°) d d = 98° (corresponding angles are equal)
4 a CBD andABH (alternate angles)
b 50° (the two other angles in the isosceles triangle are equal)
c 95° (allied angles add up to 180°)
5 a 110° (allied angles add up to 180°)
b 360° – 3 × 70° = 150°, m = 150° ÷ 3 = 50° or 360° ÷ 3 = 120°, m = 120° – 70° = 50°

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
6 a A(1, 4), B(3, 4), C(3, 1)
b

c A’(−1, −4), B’(−3, −4), C’(−3, −1)

d They are the same as triangle ABC, but with a minus sign for each coordinate.
e P’(−2, −1), Q’(−3, −5), R’(−4, −1)

Chapter 2: Answers to Challenge – More constructions

Check pupils’ constructions.

Exercise 3A

1 a = b = c = d =

e = f g h = i =

2 24, of 32 is 8 so there are 8 black counters

3 a 0.25 b 0.2 c 0.4 d 0.1 e 0.05 f 0.9

4 ai ii bi ii

5 a b3

6 a b green
7 Not A→0.8, not B→0.7, not C→0.4, not D→0

8 A= B= C= D= E= F= G=

9 a = b = c = d = e =

f = g = h = i = j = k

10 a = b = c = d0

e = f = g = h1

Exercise 3B
1 a Check pupils’ diagrams

b Not exclusive due to 3 and 5 being in the intersection c =

2 a Check pupils’ diagrams

b Not exclusive due to 2 and 3 being in the intersection c =

3 a Yes b No c No d No e No f No
g Yes h No i No j Yes k No l No
4 a No, any other colour may simply have not appeared in the sample b i, iii

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
5 a 1p, 2p, 3p, 5p, 6p, 7p, 8p b More because chance
c 1p, 2p, 3p, 5p, 6p, 7p, 8p, 10p, 11p, 12p, 13p, 15p, 16p, 17p, 18p

d Same chance as each other of

6 a 3p, 6p, 7p, 11p, 12p, 15p, 21p, 22p, 25p, 30p, 51p, 52p, 55p, 60p, 70p, £1.01, £1.02,
£1.05, £1.10, £1.20, £1.50, £2.01, £2.02, £2.05, £2.10, £2.20, £2.50, £3.00

b More than 60p, chance of =

7 a
+2 +1 3
+4 0 4
+4 –1 3
+4 +1 5
–3 0 –3
–3 –1 –4
–3 +1 –2

b i Positive ( ) ii Odd ( )
Challenge: Four men run a race
Check pupils’ answers

Exercise 3C
1 a Check pupils’ drawings

bi ii = iii =

2 a BB, BG, GB, GG b Because it’s

3 a AA, AB, AP, BB, BP, PP b More pears in the bag than bananas
4 a
Plain Beans
Cheese Plain b i ii iii iv v vi vii viii
Cheese Cheese
Cheese Beans 5 a7 bi = ii = iii 0 iv v
Beans Plain =
Beans Cheese
Beans Beans vi = vii = viii = ix = x

6 a Check pupils’ drawings b 12 c =

8 a Check pupils’ diagrams b =

Problem solving: Odd socks

Exercise 3D

1 a Greater chance to crash as it has a chance higher than

b The 250 days as there are more results c 175 ÷ 250 d 0.7
2 a Yes, the 19 fives is much higher than you would expect
b Do more trials c 0.12 d 0.23 e 0.81
3 a-c Check pupils’ charts d It should be getting closer to 0.5

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
4 a Check pupils’ tables b = c =
d Take it over a longer period of time
5 a 17 weeks and 6 days
b It is too small a sample

c d Yes, as 80% of the bulbs did last longer than 3000 hours
Problem solving: Roll the dice!
Answers will vary.

Chapter 3: Answers to Review Questions

1 a 0.5 b 0.3 c 0.1 d 0.4
2 a triangles with angles 10,80,90 ; 20,90,70 ; 30,100,50 ; 40,110,30 ; 50,120,10

bi ii c

4 a , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

b =
5 a 10% b 0.2

6 a b
7 For example –6, –5, –3, –1, 2, 4

8 a2 b =

Chapter 3: Answers to Financial Skills – Fun in the fairground

1 £160

2 a b c

3 a b

4 a £6.25 b
5 a 4 watches, 16 £10 notes, 8 £1 coins b £625 c £393

6 a b c

7
8 a5 b £2
9 a 250 b6 c 50
10 a 625 b 486 c 125 d 14 e £137.94

Exercise 4A
1 a 50% b 80% c 90% d 70% e 85% f 56% g 95% h 76% i 38%
2 a 30% b 15% c 12% d 10% e 6% f 3%
3 a 75% b 54% c 75% d 40% e 65% f 45%
4 a 10% b 60% c 90% d 70% e 20% f 5%
5 a 4% b 10% c 32% d 80% e 20%
6 a 40% b 40% c 4% d 60% e 29% f 10%
Answers are given to the nearest whole number

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
7 a 46% b 25% c 92% d 86% e 9% f 38%
8 a 58% b 58% c 68% d 35% e 37% f 37%
9 8%
10 a 68%, 74% and 70% b Maths has the highest percentage

11 a 48% b 87% c 9%
12 35%
13 25%
14 a 39% b 61%
15 a 43% b 57%
16 a 18% b 25%
17 a 78% b 21% c 1%
18 a Yes. 20% of 50 = 10
b No. There are 60 people in the room and 20% of 60 is 12, not 10
Challenge: What is in the waste?
A These are the percentages:
Smith Jones
family family
Kitchen scraps 32% 29%
Plastics 8% 4%
Card or paper 4% 20%
Other 56% 47%
B Pie charts or a sectional bar chart are good choices

Exercise 4B
1 a 1.2 b £103.20
2 a £38.40 b £73.20 c £220.80 d £11.28
3 a i 1.3 ii 1.36 iii 1.43 iv 1.06
b i £93.60 ii £97.92 iii £102.96 iv £76.32
4 a £48.30 b £56.70 c £77.70 d £81.90
5 a £16.47 b £53.31 c £173.24 d £469.82
6 a 49.98 kg b 58.38 kg c 66.78 kg d 80.64 kg
7 a 272.7 cm b 353.7 cm c 407.7 cm d 461.7 cm
8 a 0.85 b i £53.55 ii £44.63 iii £222.70 iv £50.99
9 a 0.9 b 0.7 c 0.63 d 0.57 e 0.25
10 a £69 b £23.40 c £17.70 d £45.48
11 a £24.44 b 17.6 kg c 38.08 minutes
d 418.5 ml e 237.65 m f 125 hours
12 360 × 1.1 = 396 and 396 × 0.9 = 356.4 so the price is £356.40
13 a 54 720 b 59 280
Financial skills: Percentage reduction
A First row: 36, 28, 16; second row 67.50, 52.50, 30; third row 112.50, 87.50, 50; last row
315, 245, 140
B No, 60% off is better. People might make a mistake because 30 is less than 60 and
confuse the amount off with the amount left after the reduction

Exercise 4C
1 a The multiplier is 378 ÷ 360 = 1.05 b 5%
2 a 1.6 b 60%
3 a 1.41 b 41%

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
4 65%
5 47%
6 7%
7 45%
8 a 0.97 b 3%
9 a 0.74 b 26%
10 a 62% b 34% c 17%
11 a 26% b 7% c 27%
12 5%
13 Red 5% increase, White 55% decrease, Blue 6% increase
14 a 8 cm b 12.8 cm
15 a £33 280 b £34 611.20
Problem solving: Five go on a diet
A 85 kg, 92 kg, 106 kg, 118 kg, 133 kg
B 85.5 kg, 92.15 kg, 105.45 kg, 116.85 kg, 131.1 kg
C Pupils’ own answer, with reason. Answers may vary.

Exercise 5A
1 a 3, 8, 13, 18, 23, 28, 33, 38, 43
b 10, 100, 1000, 10 000, 100 000, 1 000 000, 10 000 000
c 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121
d 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36
2 Powers of 10
3 Square numbers
4 Triangle numbers
5 a Add 3
b Multiply by 4
c Increases by 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, … or add consecutive whole numbers starting at 3
d Increases by 3, 5, 7, 9, … or add consecutive odd numbers starting at 3
6 For example 1, 5, 9, 13, 17 (add 4); 1, 5, 25, 125, 625 (multiply by 5);
1, 5, 11, 19, 29 (add consecutive even numbers starting at 4)
7 a Increases 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, … 61, 68 c Increases 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, … 43, 57
b Goes down 1, 2, 3, 4, … 69, 62 d Increases 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, … 56, 72
8 a 1, 3, 9, 27, 81, 243

b 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
Maths Frameworking 3rd Edition © HarperCollinsPublishers Ltd. 2014
Pupil Book 2.2 answers
c 16, 8, 4, 2, 1, ½

d 4, 1, −2, −5, −8, −11

9 a 25, 36, 49, 64 b 15, 21, 28, 36 c 16, 32, 64, 128 d 30, 42, 56, 72

Problem solving: Algebraic flow diagrams

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
Exercise 5B
1 a i 7, 9, 11 ii 205 b i 3, 7, 11 ii 399 c i 2, 7, 12 ii 497
d i 5, 8, 11 ii 302 e i 9, 13,17 ii 405 f i 11, 21, 31 ii 1001

2 , 3, 3 ii 52 h i 6, 13, 20 ii 699 ii , ,1 ii 49
gi
j i 9, 8, 7 ii −90 k i 18, 16, 14 ii −180 l i 4, 1, −2 ii −293
2 a i 3, 5, 7, 9 ii 3 iii 2 b i 4, 6, 8, 10 ii 4 iii 2
c i 5, 7, 9, 11 ii 5 iii 2 d i 6, 8, 10, 12 ii 6 iii 2
3 a i 4, 9, 14, 19 ii 4 iii 5 b i 7, 12, 17, 22 ii 7 iii 5
c i 1, 6, 11, 16 ii 1 iii 5 d i 8, 13, 18, 23 ii 8 iii 5
4 a i 2, 5, 8, 11 ii 3 b i 6, 10, 14, 18 ii 4
c i 2, 8, 14, 18 ii 6 d i 13, 23, 33, 43 ii 10
5 They are the same.
6 a a = 4, d = 5 b a = 1, d = 2 c a = 3, d = 6 d a = 5, d = –2
7 a 1, 8, 15, 22, 29, 36, … b 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, … c 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, …
d 0.5, 2, 3.5, 5, 6.5, 8, … e 4, 1, –2, –5, –8, –11, … f 2, 1.5, 1, 0.5, 0, –0.5, …
8 a 22 b 5n + 2 c 252
Investigation: An nth term investigation
A
Sequence First Differenc nth Coefficie Constan
term, e, d term nt t
a of n term, c
5, 7, 9, 11, 13, … 5 2 2n + 3 2 3
8, 11, 14, 17, 20, 8 3 3n + 5 3 5
…
8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 8 4 4n + 4 4 4
…
7, 13, 19, 25, 31, 7 6 6n + 1 6 1
… B d=
4, 9, 14, 19, 24, 4 5 5n – 1 5 -1 coefficient of
… n
2, 6, 10, 14, 18, 2 4 4n – 2 4 -2 C c=
… a–d

Exercise 5C
1 a 6n – 2 b 3n + 6 c 6n + 3 d 3n – 1 e 7n – 5
f 2n + 6 g 4n + 6 h 8n – 5 i 10n – 1 j 9n – 5
2 a i 4n + 1 ii 201 b i 5n + 1 ii 251 c i 3n – 1 ii 149 d i 7n + 1 ii 351
3 a
Pattern Number of blue Number of red
squares squares
1 1 2
2 3 4
3 5 6
4 7 8 b 2n – 1 c 2n d
4n – 1
4 a 95 – 5n b 50 – 7n c 31 – 3n d 52 – 8n
5 a 0.5n + 2 b 2.5n + 8 c 0.1n + 3 d 8.2 – 0.2n
6 a i 4n ii 3n + 1 iii 7n + 1 b i 80 ii 61 iii 141
7 a £31 b £(3n +1)
8 These are examples. Other answers are possible:
a a= 2, add 2,l =10: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 b a= 1, add 2,l = 9: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9
c a= 5, add 5,l = 25: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 d a= 1, add 2, 3, 4, …,l = 15: 1, 3, 6, 10, 15

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
 e a= 1, add 10, l= 51: 1, 11, 21, 31, 41, 51 f a= 1, add 3,l = 13: 1, 4, 7, 10, 13
g a= 1, multiply by –2, l= 16: 1, –2, 4, –8, 16
Mathematical reasoning: Square sequences
A n2
B n2 + 1
C n2 – 1

D n2
2
E n +n

Exercise 5D
1 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, 233, 377, 610
2 1, 144
3 1, 3, 21, 55
4 2, 3, 5, 13, 89, 233
5 a 26, 42, 68, 110 b 39, 63, 102, 165 c 29, 47, 76, 123 d 42, 68, 110, 178
6 ai4 ii 7 iii 12
b The answers are all 1 less than two terms further on in the sequence
7 e.g. Take 5, 8, 13 21. 5 × 21 = 105, 8 × 13 = 104. Difference = 1.
Take 21, 34, 55, 89. 21 × 89 = 1869. 34 × 55 = 1870. Difference = 1.
Take 2, 3, 5, 8. 2 × 8 = 16. 3 × 5 = 15. Difference = 1. The rule always works
8 a
Term Previous term Answer
1 1 1
2 1 2
3 2 1.5
5 3 1.66666…
8 5 1.6
13 8 1.625
21 13 1.61538…
34 21 1.61904…
55 34 1.61764…
89 55 1.61818…

b The numbers are getting closer to the decimal 1.618 …. This number is known as the
‘Golden ratio’ and is1.618 033988 749894 84820 to 20 decimal places
Investigation: Steps and stairs
A 3 (1+1+1, 1+2, 2+1)
B 5 (1+1+1+1, 1+1+2, 1+2+1, 2+1+1, 2+2)
C
Number of Number of
stairs ways
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 5
5 8

D The numbers are in the Fibonacci sequence

E There are 377 ways of going up 13 stairs. The sequence is 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55,
89, 144, 233, 377

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
Chapter 5: Answers to Review Questions
1 a 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 15, 17, 19 b 10, 5, 0, –5, –10, –15, –20, –25
c 1, –2, 4, –8, 16, –32, 64, –128, 256 d 5000, 500, 50, 5, 0.5, 0.05
2 a 3, 8, 13, 18, 23, 28 b 4, 6.5, 9, 11.5, 14, 16.5
c 10, 6, 2, −2, −6, −10 d −5, −8, −11, −14, −17, −20
3 a £420 b £440 c £460 d £480 e 20n + £400
4 a 6n – 3 b 3n + 7 c 6n + 1 d 3n – 1
5 a 5n + 1 b 51 c 20 d 39, 4
6 a i Add 1 ii 4n + 2 b i Divide by 2 ii 3n + 3
c i Subtract 4 ii 19 – 3n d i Multiply by2 ii 10n – 6
7 a i 2, 5, 10, 17 ii 401 b i 4, 9, 16, 25 ii 441
c i 4, 7, 12, 19 ii 403 d i 4, 10, 18, 28 ii 460
e i 4, 11, 30, 67 ii 8003

Chapter 5: Answers to Investigation – Pond borders

A a 18 b 2n + 6 c 46
B a 22 b 2n + 8 c 48

Exercise 6A
1 a 35 cm2 b 108 cm2 c 24.5 cm2 d 6m2 e 28m2
2 a 15 cm2 b 60 cm2 c 270mm2
2 2
3 a 17.5 cm b 30m c 120mm2
4 a 15cm2 b 28cm2 c 27.5m2 d 8mm e 7m
2 2
5 a 6cm b 10 cm c 6cm2 d 12 cm2
6 a 6m2 b 45 cm2 c 12m2
2
7 72 m
8 Triangles for which the product of the base and the height is 72
e.g., 1 × 72, 2 × 36, 3 × 24, 4 × 18, 6 × 12, 8 × 9
Investigation: Compound triangles
A A = 1 + 3 + 6 + 10 = 20cm2
B The sequence is 1, 3, 6, 10 and the rule for the sequence is ‘add on 1 more each time’.
The next number in the sequence is 15
C The area of the new shape is 20 + 15 = 35cm2

Exercise 6B
1 a 36 cm2 b 150 cm2 c 768mm2
2 a 80 cm2 b 49m2 c 80 cm2
2
3 a 88.2 cm b 30 cm2
4 a 32 cm2 b 204 cm2 c 40m2 d 4mm e 3.5m
2
5 a 20 cm b 15 cm2 c 24 cm2
6 4.5 cm
7 6.25cm
8 a 34cm b 57cm2
9 6cm
Challenge: Area of a rhombus
a 38.5 cm2 b 96 cm2 c 720mm2

Exercise 6C

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
1 a 72 cm2 b 25 cm2 c3m2 d 22m2 e 325mm2
2 a 15 cm2 b 66 cm2 c30m2 d 4cm e 10cm f 10m
2
3 30m
4 56cm2
5 44 cm²
6 a = 6 cm, b = 14 cm
7 75 cm²
8 72cm2
9 8 cm
10 Values of a, b and h with (a + b) × h = 12 and b >a
(for example, a = 1, b = 5, h = 2; a = 2, b = 4, h = 2; a = 1, b = 2, h = 4)
Problem solving: Pick’s formula
A
Number of dots
Number of dots Area of shape
Shape on perimeter of
inside shape (cm2)
shape
a 8 1 4
b 12 3 8
c 8 3 6
d 4 2 3
e 9 4 7.5
f 10 4 8
g 11 3 7.5
h 14 4 10

B A= P+I–1
C Check pupils’ shapes

Exercise 6D
1 a 208cm2 b 164cm2 c 290 cm2 d 40cm2
2 214cm2
3 a 96cm2 b 216cm2 c 384cm2 d 486cm2
4 a 6cm2 b 150cm2 c 600cm2 d 864cm2
2
5 1238cm
6 62m2
7 16 400cm2
8 44m2
Investigation: An open box problem
A
Size of square cut off Area of the four squares Surface area of box
1cm by 1cm 4cm2 248cm2
2cm by 2cm 16cm2 236cm2
3cm by 3cm 36cm2 216cm2
4cm by 4cm 64cm2 188cm2
5cm by 5cm 100cm2 152cm2
6cm by 6cm 144cm2 108cm2

B The width of the card would be 0

C a 12, 20, 28, 36, 44 b add 8 c 8n + 4

Chapter 6: Answers to Review questions

Maths Frameworking 3rd Edition © HarperCollinsPublishers Ltd. 2014

Pupil Book 2.2 answers
1 a Pack of 24 b 1300cm2
2 a For example: b

3 a 31.5cm2 b 25cm2 c 12m2

2
4 24cm
5 a 13.5m2 b 70cm2 c 60cm2
6 a l = 5cm; h = 4cm; w = 3cm b 94cm2

Chapter 6: Answers to Investigation – A cube investigation

1

2
3D shape 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Surface area 18cm2 18cm2 18cm2 18cm2 18cm2 18cm2 16cm2
3 Shape 7 has the least surface area and the rest have the same surface area. The shape
with the least surface area has four pairs of faces touching, so leaving 16 faces exposed.
The other six have three pairs of faces touching, so leaving 18 faces exposed.
4 A shape made from five cubes must have four or five pairs of faces touching, so the
surface areas are either 20cm2 or 22cm2.
For all the shapes in this investigation, the surface area is an even number of square
centimetres.
Two cubes have 12 faces in total, so if one pair of faces is touching, then 10 faces are
exposed.
Three cubes have 18 faces in total, so if two pairs of faces are touching, then 14 faces
are exposed.
A shape made from four cubes must have three or four pairs of faces touching, so either
16 or 18 faces are exposed.

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
Exercise 7A
1 a 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 b and c Graph with straight line through (–2, 1) and (3, 6)
2 a –4, –3, –2, –1, 0, 1
b and c Graph with straight line through (–2, –4) and (3, 1)
3 a –6, –3, 0, 3, 6, 9 b and c Graph with straight line through (–2, –6) and (3, 9)
d
–2 – 0 1 2 3
1
–4 – 0 2 4 6
f 2 All straight and pass through (0,0)
gi –8 – 0 4 8 12 Graph with straight line through (–2,
–5) 4 and (3, 7.5) ii graph with straight
line through (–2, –1) and (3, 1.5)
4 a – –4 0 4 8 12
8
b – –3 1 5 9 13 and c Graph with straight line through
(– 7 2, –7) and (3, 13)
5 a –8 –4 0 4 8 12
–9 –5 –1 3 7 11
b and c Graph with straight line through (–2, –9) and
(3, 11)

6 a 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6
–1 0 1 2 3 4
–3 – –1 0 1 2
2
–5 – –3 –2 –1 0
d All 4 straight and parallel to each other
e i Graph with straight line through (–2, 0.5) and (3, 5.5)
ii Graph with straight line through (–2, –3.5) and (3, 1.5)
7 a
–4 –2 0 2 4 6
0 2 4 6 8 10
c Graph with straight line through (–2, 0) and (3, 10)
d
–4 –2 0 2 4 6
–2 0 2 4 6 8
–6 –4 –2 0 2 4
–8 –6 –4 –2 0 2
f All straight and parallel to each other
g i Graph with straight line through (–2, –1.5) and (3, 8.5)
ii Graph with straight line through (–2, –6.5) and (3, 3.5)
Challenge: Sloping graphs
Graph opposite

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
Exercise 7B
1 a3 b2 c4 d1
2 a y = 3x + 5 b y = 2x + 7 cy=x+4 d y = 7x + 15
3 a (0, 1) b2 c y = 2x + 1
4 a i 2 ii (0, 3) iii y = 2x + 3 b i 3 ii (0, 1) iii y = 3x + 1
c i 4 ii (0, 2) iii y = 4x + 2 d i 2/3 ii (0, 3) iii y = x + 3
5 a (0, 4) b2 c y = 2x + 4
6 a3 b (–1, 0) c y = 3x – 1
7 a y = 3x + 2 b y = 4x – 1 c y = 2x + 1
Challenge: Lines through points
a For example y = x + 4 , y = 2x + 4 , y = 3x + 4
b For example y = x , y = 2x – 1 , y = 3x – 2
c For example y = x + 3 , y = 2x + 1 , y = 3x – 1

Exercise 7C
1 a 10, 5, 2, 1, 2, 5, 10 b and c Check pupils’ graphs
2 a
9 4 1 0 1 4 9
12 7 4 3 4 7 12
b and c Check pupils’ graphs
3 a
11 6 3 2 3 6 11
13 8 5 4 5 8 13
14 9 6 5 6 9 14
b, c and d Check pupils’ graphs
d each line is curved and parallel to each other
4 a
18 8 2 0 2 8 18
b and c Check pupils’ graphs
5 a
9 4 1 0 1 4 9
27 12 3 0 3 12 27
b and c Check pupils’ graphs
6 a
36 16 4 0 4 16 36
45 20 5 0 5 20 45
54 24 6 0 6 24 54
b, c and d Check pupils’ graphs
d each one is a curve with the graph getting more squashed as the number next to the x
gets larger
7 a Check pupils’ graphs b 18 km c 44 km

Exercise 7D
1 a and b Check pupils’ graphs c 2 pm

2 a and b Check pupils’ graphs c S = D ÷ T = 20 ÷ = 60 km/h

3 a Check pupils’ graphs b 0, 40, 100, 160, 200 c 70 cm d Check pupils’
explanations
4 a Check pupils’ graphs b 5:10 pm
5 a 7400, 5800, 4200, 2600, 1000, X b Check pupils’ graphs
c About 280 minutes (4 hours 40 minutes)

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
Problem solving: Meeting in the middle
A Check pupils’ graphs
B a About 12:17 b About 11:48 am

Chapter 7: Answers to Review questions

1 a Ground (0), and 20 b 62 seconds c Straight line from (70, 20) to (105, 0)
2 a 19 b –11 c y = x2
3 a 17 cm b 450 cm²
4 ay=x+3 by=x–3 c y = –x + 3 d y = –x – 3
5 a Check pupils’ graphs b 56 cm c 1.7 seconds

Chapter 7: Answers to Challenge – the M25

1 14 years
2 a 31 b5 c Surrey
3 a 13 miles b 20 miles
4

5 a 732 miles
b

6 1 hour 40 minutes

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
7 187 km
8 19%

Exercise 8A
1 a 530 b 79 c 2400 d 506.3 e 0.3
2 a 0.83 b 0.041 c 4.57 d 0.0604 e 347.81
3 a 6430 b 685 c 35 200 d 8074 e 2.1
4 a 0.941 b 0.00523 c 0.568 d 0.000 715 e 45.892
5 a 31 b 678 c 560 d 0.034 e 8.23 f 0.009 06
g 5789 h 0.6878 i 38 j 0.0037 k 500 l 0.005 43
6 a 4250 b 567 c 451 d 0.023 e 7.12 f 0.008 05
g 4670 h 0.689 i 27 j 0.000 0049 k 600 l 0.004 32
7 a 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 911 g
b 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 911 g
8 a 10 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
b 600 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
9 a i 300 000 ii 30 000 b 417
Investigation: Multiplying 9109
A 9109, 18 218, 27 327, 36 436, 45 545, 54 654, 63 763, 72 872, 81 981
B Apart from the first answer, you get the first two digits repeated at the end with the
middle number the number you have multiplied by

Exercise 8B
1 Spain 40 million, Germany 75 million, Italy 57 million, France 56 million, Ireland 4 million,
Denmark 6 million
2 a 3 550 000 b 9 720 000 c 3 050 000 d 15 700 000
3 a 4 700 000 b 8 600 000 c 4 200 000 d 26 800 000
4 a 2 million b 7 million c 3 million d 37 million
5 The government, as the figure rounds to 2 million. However, both are actually incorrect,
as they should both round to 2.5 million
6 Highest 6499; lowest 5500
7 Highest 8 499 999; lowest 7 500 000
8 Highest 10 547; lowest 8450
9 Micky gets 7500 and Jenna gets 7499
Investigation: Strange addition
A 123456790123456790 …
B 246913580246913580 …
C 37037037070370370 …

Exercise 8D
1 a 5.69 × 103 b 1.2 × 106 c 9.38 × 105 d 7.78 × 104
e 3.965 × 108 f 5.61 × 102 g 7.3 × 101 h 4.3 × 109
2 a 3.4 × 106 b 5.6 × 103 c 2.6 × 107 d 4.5 × 104
e 2.58 × 108 f 5.47 × 105 g 2.0 × 108 h 5.0 × 105
3 a 8.0 × 109 b 1.2 × 1010 c 1.5 × 1011 d 1.0 × 1011
e 6.7 × 109 f 1.55 × 1010 g 1.0 × 1012 h 1.0 × 1018
4 a 2 300 000 b 456 c 675 000 d 3590
e 9 000 000 f 2 010 000 g 34 780 h 87 300 000
i 670 000 j 38 500 000 000 k 780 000 000 l 5 390 000 000
5 a 2.5 × 105 b 1.764 × 107 c 1.369 × 105 d 8.1 × 107
e 4.225 × 105 f 9 × 108 g 2.5 × 1013 h 2.25 × 1012

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
6 a 7.3 × 107 b 2.56 × 104 c 7.7 × 106 d 2.59 × 105
e 9 × 108 f 7.01 × 107 g 3.478 × 107 h 1.873 × 1010
4 9
i 7 × 10 j 8.5 × 10 k 8 × 106 l 8.6 × 107
7 3 × 108
8 1.09 × 1030
Activity: Astronomical numbers
Answers will vary depending on measurement found.

Exercise 8E
1 a 8 × 105 b 1.2 × 108 c 8 × 107
d 9 × 1013 e 3.2 × 1018 f 4.2 × 1014
7
g 2.1 × 10 h 1.0 × 1010 i 5.6 × 1011
j 2.25 × 1010 k 1.12 × 1012 l 3.6 × 107
2 a 9.46 × 109 b 1.152 × 108 c 1.288 × 1010 d 5.51 × 108 e 4.672 × 109
f 1.674 × 1011 g 2.99 × 106 h 1.311 × 1017 i 1.296 × 105 j 6.561 × 1011
3 a 9.82 × 1010 b 7.28 × 107 c 7.27 × 109 d 2.35 × 108 e 4.05 × 1013
f 5.84 × 1010 g 2.95 × 1015 h 1.56 × 1018 i 6.13 × 1013 j 6.42 × 108
4 2.56 × 1011
5 6.6 × 106 litres
Challenge: Mega-memory
A
1 × 103 KB
1 × 106 MB
9
1 × 10 GB
1 × 1012 TB
15
1 × 10 PB
18
1 × 10 EB
1 × 1021 ZB
24
1 × 10 YB
18
B 1 × 10 (an exabyte)
C 5 × 1030

Chapter 8: Answers to Review questions

1 1 m3 or 1 000 000 000 mm3
2 £21 000
3 For example 67 000 fans which is 70 000 to 1 sf
4 A hundred million, ten billion, a trillion
5 a i 43.5% ii 4.35 × 106 iii 4.36 b 899 999, 5 million, 22502, 4.3 × 107
6 1.6 × 1012
7 a 145 000 and 154 999 b 15 000
8 a 3.99 × 1013 km b 114 000 × 365 × 24 × 40 000 = 3.99 × 1013
9 Take 1.5, which rounds to 2, a difference of 0.5, which is one third of 1.5

Chapter 8: Answers to Challenge – Space – to see where no one has seen before
1 9.45 × 1012 km
2 1.3 × 1023
3 Both 2 × 1011, speed of light from question 1 is 3 × 108
4 1.52 × 1011
5 1.64 × 1011
6 2.5 × 1022

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
7 2144 cm³
8 268 cm³
9 3.7 × 1080

Exercise 9A
1 a 225 b 150 c 525
2 a 75 b 75 c 50 d 100
3 a 45 b 45 c 60 d 90 e 75 f 135 g 90
4 a 10 b5 c 15
5 a 6 hrs b 6 hrs c 4 hrs d 8 hrs
6 a 60 b 20 c 100 d 30 e 30
7 a 45 b 72 c 45 d 54
8 Y7-560, Y8-420, Y9-280, Y10-210, Y11-210
9 Northern Ireland - 19, Wales - 93, Scotland - 100, England - 420
Activity: Population in a pie chart
A 80+
B 0–19 … 1 247 000, 20–39 … 1 546 280, 40–59 … 1 197 120, 60–79 … 847 960, 80+ …
149 640

Exercise 9B
1 Angles of 120°, 70°, 80°, 40°, 50°
2 Angles of 99°, 72°, 54°, 81°, 18°, 36°
3 Angles of 45°, 60°, 105°, 75°, 60°, 15°
4 Angles of 102°, 48°, 126°, 18°, 66°
5 a The angles for 4 and 5 rooms would be far too small
b 1 room – 112°, 2 rooms – 233°, 3+ rooms- 15°
c Check pupils’ pie charts
6 Angles of 14°, 18°, 40°, 133°, 155°
Challenge: World energy consumption
A Oil 38, hydro 8, nuclear 5, coal 30, gas 20
B Estimating
C Angles of 137°, 29°, 18°, 108°, 72°

Exercise 9C
1 a Positive, warmer weather so more deckchairs needed
b Negative, wet weather so less deckchairs needed
c Positive, more umbrellas sold when it is wet
d Negative, less ice creams sold when it is wet
e Positive, more ice creams sold when it is warm
f None, sale of umbrellas unaffected by temperature
2 a Positive, “the taller you are, the larger shoe the shoe size”
b No correlation between weight and shoe size
c Positive, “the higher the mass, the larger the collar size”
d No correlation between height and collar size
3 a Positive, the higher the score in test A, the higher the score in test B
b No correlation between maths and English results
c Positive, the higher the score in maths, the higher the score in science
d Negative, the higher the score in English, the lower the score in science

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
4 a Negative, the higher the price, the fewer goals let in
b No correlation between age and goals let in
c Negative, the higher the price, the fewer goals let in
d Negative, the older the goalkeeper, the fewer goals let in
5 a No correlation between distance and cost
b Positive, the higher the weight, the greater the cost
c Positive, the longer the distance, the longer the time
d No correlation between mass and time
6 Billy – graph C, Terry – graph A, Suzie – graph B
7 8

Activity: Correlation in circles

Yes, there is positive correlation between diameter and circumference

Exercise 9D
1 a Check pupils’ graphs
b The older the pupil the more money they spend c Around 13 years old
2 a Check pupils’ graphs
b The more time they spend on homework the less tv they watch c 10 hrs
3 a Check pupils’ graphs
b The older the car the less it is worth c £9000
4 Celia-8 on test B, Ida-50 on test B,
Les-50 on test A, Ulla-30 on test A
Problem solving: Fish food

Chapter 9: Answers to Review questions

1 a 36 and 324 b Not possible to tell
2 a Angles 60°, 180°, 120° b 24

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
3 aN b True c 70
4 a Check pupils’ graphs b Negative correlation c Just over 3 minutes

Chapter 9: Answers to Challenge – Football attendances

1

For example, most of the Sheffield Wednesday attendances are higher than 20 000, and
most of the Sheffield United attendances are less than 20 000.
3 Sheffield Wednesday = 10 889; Sheffield United = 17608
4 Sheffield Wednesday = 1.9; Sheffield United = 2
5 Check pupils’ scattergraphs.

Exercise 10A

1 a 4k b 3t c 2x d 20y e ab f nm g e or h r or

2 a 2ab b 40 c 10e d 80w e abc f 3n g 7.5x h bh

3 a a2 b 4x2 c 9n2 d 1.4t2 e 3.2a f d2 g x2 h m2

4 a 2(n + 1) b 4(t + 12) c 8(3 + k) d 0.5(t – 6.4)
e 4(k + 2) f 2(12 – y) g 8(x – 2) h 6(40 – y)
5 a 2 + 3a b 9x c 7.7w d ab – 1.4 e 5 + 4a f 8.5d g 12 – 7n h 13f + 9
6 a 6n b 20b c 2d d 0.5q e 10k f 24g g 12t hh
7 a 4n² b 12d² c 8p² d 3a²

8 a Answers given in Pupil Book b c d

9 a Answers given in Pupil Book b m c n d ab

10 a 3y + 2x b 5xy c 6xy d x + 5y
Challenge: Is it true?
A i and iii
B Substitute values of a and b that give different answers

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
Exercise 10B
1 a 11h b 5p c 6u d 2b e 5j f 5pr
g 6k h 8y² i 5d² j 7i k 3b l 17ab
m 9xy n 11p² o 5ab p 4a² q 6fg
2 a 8h + 5g b 2g + 8m c 8f + 10d d 11x + 5y e 6 + 2r f 4 + 2s
g 3c + 3 h 14b + 7 i 14w – 7 j 6bf + 5g k 7d + 3d² l 4t² + 5t
m 2t – 3s n 2h – 2h² o 4y – 9w
3 a 16e + 6 b 19u – 6 c 4b + 3d d 7 + 7c e6–g
f 2h + 2 g p² + 5 h 14j² – 2j + 9 i 4t² – 3t – 6 j 2 – 4t + 3t²
k q – 2p l 8 – 4e
4 a and d are 6x – 3y; b and c are 5x – y
Investigation: Four expressions
A a 21, 23, 25, 27 b 8n + 16 c 96 d 96
B a 27, 29, 31, 33 b 12n c 120 d 120

Exercise 10C
1 a 5p + 10 b 4m – 12 c 2t + 2u d 4d + 8
e 5b + 25 f 6j − 24 g 10 + 2f h 10 – 10n
2 a 2a + 2b b 3q – 3t c 4t + 4m d 5x – 5y
e 2f + 2g f 6 – 4f g 1.5h + 15 h 14 – 4f
3 a 5w + 2 b 3d + 10 c 9h + 15 d 6x + 12 e 2m – 13 f 4 + 3q
4 a 6a + 8 b 8i + 22 c 5p + 4 d 8d – 7
e 6e + 2 f 8x + 2 g 8m – 3 h 9u – 22
5 a 4a² + 6 b 6x − 15 c 12t + 20 d 50n − 30
e 30 + 12a f 8 – 12y g 60 + 80r h 35 – 10m
6 a0 b 20, −24 and 4 add up to 0
Challenge: Equivalent expressions
a, d, e, h and i are equivalent to 4x + 12; b, c, f and g are equivalent to 4x + 8

Exercise 10D
1 a 4t + 2 b 6w c 6m + 2
2 a t(t + 1) b 2w² c m(2m + 1)
3 a 3t + 6 b 4k + 8 c 4c + 16 d 3a + 24 e 5x + 10
4 Expand the brackets in each case
5 a 9x b 10ab c 16t²
6 a i 4x ii 4(x + 4) iii 2(x + 1) iv 2(x + 3)
b Expand brackets and simplify
c i 2x + 8 ii 2x + 16 iii 2x + 6 iv 2x + 10
d Expand brackets and simplify
7 a i 5(a + 2) ii 4(a + 2) iii 9a iv 9(2a + 2) or an equivalent expression
b i 2a + 14 ii 2a + 12 iii 2a + 18 iv 4a + 22
8 a 2x + 21 b 2(x – 3) + 27 c Expand brackets and simplify
9 Own demonstration showing 3x + 8 + 3x + 4 = 6x + 12
10 Own demonstration showing 4x + 6 + 4x + 10 = 4x + 16
11 Own demonstration showing 2x + 9 + 3x + 6 = 5x + 15
12 Own demonstration showing 3x – 5 + 3x – 1 = 6x − 6
Challenge: Fill in the bricks
There are many possible answers.

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
Exercise 10E
1 a a4 b r3 c b5 d m6 e 12a² f 2p² g 12g³ h
4
24k
2 a 5f b w4 c 7c d k4 e 6d
5
3 5j = j + j + j + j + j and j = j × j × j × j × j
4 6, 12, 15; 8, 64, 125; 24, 192, 375
5 a a2b b 6xy2 c t2u2 d 2d2c e 2ab2 f 2xw2 g 4t2u h 6e2f
6 a 75 b 250
7 a 4x² b y³ c 2t³ d 4k³ e 6n³
4 4 4 4
8 at b 6t ct d 30t
Challenge: Matching multiples
First row: 2a, 2b, 2a², 2b², 2ab; second row: a², ab, a³, ab², a²b; third row: ab, b², a²b, b³, ab²

Chapter 10: Answers to Review questions

1 a 2 + 3t b 20d c 2a + 4b d c²

e 2r − 12 f 20 – 3q g h 6km
2 a 4h b a + 3b c 4p – 2 d 7x – 8
e 4x² f 7 – 2a g 2d + 3d² h r – 8 + 5r²
3 a 3t + 3 b 7x c 6m – 2
4 a 2x + 20 b 4y + 2 c 4m – 6
5 a 10x b y(y + 1) c m(m − 3)
6 a 10ab b b(a + 10) or ab + 10b

7 a 2a + 16 b 3f – 18 c t+5

8 a b 20
9 6t³
10 a 4x² b 6x + 32 c 2x² + 16x or an equivalent expression

Chapter 10: Answers to Mathematical reasoning – Writing in algebra

1 Power = vc
2 Distance = st

3 Volume = sh
4 Area = 1.72l²
5 Volume = 0.79d²h
6 Height = 5t²

7 bmi =

8 Kinetic energy = s2m

9 Cost = 90d + nc

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
Exercise 11A
1 a yes; b no; c yes; d yes; e no; f yes
2 a and e; b and j; c and k; d and f
3 a and c
4 a Two different isosceles triangles, two different parallelograms, a rectangle and
a kite
b A parallelogram and a rhombus
c A rhombus
5

7 a Examples of two congruent shapes:

b Examples of four congruent shapes:

8 a BC = DE, AC = DF (SAS)
b GH = KL, GI = JL, HI = JK (SSS)
c NO = PR (ASA)
d BC = XY (ASA)
Reasoning: Combined transformations
The following are possible examples for a combined transformation:
1 a A reflection in the y-axis followed by a translation of 6 units down
b A rotation of 90° anticlockwise about the origin followed by a translation of 1 unit
down
c A reflection in the x-axis followed by a translation of 7 units left and 5 units
down
d A rotation of 90° clockwise about the origin followed by a translation of 1 unit left
and 6 units up
e A rotation of 90° anticlockwise about the origin followed by a translation of 6
units left and 6 units up

Exercise 11B
1 Check pupils’ answers

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
2 a Vertices at (8, 6), (8, 2), (4, 2) b Vertices at (4, 6), (8, 4), (4, 2), (0, 4)
c Vertices at (3, 9), (6, 9), (6, 6), (9, 6), (9, 9), (12, 9), (12, 3), (3, 3)
d Vertices at (0, 8), (8, 8), (8, 12), (12, 6), (8, 0), (8, 4), (0, 4)
3 Vertices at (8, 12), (10, 8), (8, 2), (6, 8)
4 a A′(3, 7), B′(7, 7), C′(7, 3), D′(3, 3) b A″(2, 8), B″(8, 8), C″(8, 2), D″(2, 2)
c A″′(1, 9), B″′(9, 9), C″′(9, 1), D″′(1, 1)
d For example, the x-coordinate and the y-coordinate are the same or they add
up to 10
5 a2 b (9, 1)
2
6 b 4 cm c 16 cm2 d 36 cm2 e 64 cm2
f The area scale factor is the square of the scale factor g yes
Activity: Enlarged stickman
Check pupils’ posters

Exercise 11C
1 a2:5 b 1 : 10 c4:5 d1:5 e 1:4
2 a1:3 b1:3 c1:9
3 ai1:2:3 ii 1 : 2 : 3 iii 1 : 4 : 9 b They are enlargements of each other
4 a1:1 b1:5 c2:5 d1:2

5 a1:8 b
6 a 1200 m2 b i 30 000 m2 ii 3 hectares

c1:5 d 1 : 25 e
7 a 24 litres b 18 litres c 3 : 4
8 a1:2 b1:4 c1:8 di1:9 ii 1 : 27
Activity: Paper sizes
A A5: 210 mm × 148 mm, A4: 297 mm × 210 mm, A3: 420 mm × 297 mm
B They are the same
C 1 : 1.4 (actual ratio 1 : √2), they are the same ratio

Exercise 11D
1 a 20 m b 50 m c 35 m d 78 m e 63m
2 a 25 m b 15 m c ≈ 29 m
3 a 1 cm to 2 m b 6 m c 48 m2
4 a 16 cm b 6 cm c 2 cm d3m e 2.5 m f
1.2 m
5 a i 6 m by 4 m ii 4 m by 2 m iii 6 m by 4 m iv 5 m by 4 m b 88 m2
6 For example 1 cm to 10 yards
7 a 1 km b 1.4 km c 2.25 km d 1.75 km
Reasoning: Map ratios
A 1 : 10 000
B 1 : 12 500
C 1 : 100 000
D 1 : 50 000
E 1 : 1 000 000

Chapter 11: Answers to Review questions

1 a b

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
2 a b

4 a 13:25 b 48%
5 a 210 km b 225 km c 141 km d 105 km
6 a 4(x + 3) +10(x + 3) + 20 = 118, 4x + 12 + 10x + 30 + 20 = 118, 14x + 62 = 118
bx=4 c 70 cm3 d 80.5 cm3
7 A and C, three equal sides (SSS)

Chapter 11: Answers to Problem solving – Photographs

1 £183.96
2 a 5.1” × 3.5” and 17.7” × 11.8”
b 6 sq in, 24 sq in, 35 sq in, 48 sq in, 80 sq in, 96 sq in
c 6” × 4” and 8” × 6”, 8” × 6” and 12” × 8”
3 a 13 sq in b Frame B – 6” × 4”, Frame C – 10” × 8”
4 3” × 2” and 6” × 4” SF = 2, 6” × 4” and 12” × 8” SF = 2, 3” × 2” and 12” × 8” SF =
4
5 a 6” × 4”, 7” × 5” and 8” × 6” b FastPrint, £3.60 c 12p d
10%
6 a 3 : 2 = 1.5 : 1, 6 : 4 = 1.5 : 1, 7 : 5 = 1.4 : 1, 8 : 6 = 1.33 : 1, 10 : 8 = 1.25 : 1,
12 : 8 = 1.5 : 1
b 3” × 2”, 6”× 4” and 12”× 8”

Exercise 12A

1 a b1 c1 d1 e1 f1 g1 h1

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
2 a1 b2 c2 d3 e4 f5 g 13 h5

3 a b c d e f g h

4 a1 b1 c1 d e1 f2 g2 h2

5 a b1 c d1

6 a1 b1 c3 d2

7 a2 b2 c3 d5

8 a 13 cm b 10 cm c 9 cm

9 7 cm

10 a i ii iii bi ii Pupils check own answer

11 a b
Challenge: Magic square

A 1 B The three rows are: , , ; , , ; , ,

Exercise 12B

1 a2 b3 c1 d2

2 a3 b4 c2 d e1 f1 g1 h

3 a1 b2 c2 d1 e3 f3 g2 h2

4 a3 b6 c3 d8 e 11 f8 g6 h4

5 a 12 cm² b 31 cm² c 8 cm²

6 a2 b 21 cm²

7 a 38 b 49 c 31 d 92 e 102 f 101 g 166 h

80

8 a8 b 11 c 20

9 a1 b4 c 11

10 a 3 b6 c 17

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
Challenge: Multiplication table

Top row: 4 , 7 , 10 , 15

Second row: 6 , 11 , 15 , 22

Third row: 11, 18 , 25 , 36

Fourth row: 12 , 20 , 29 , 41

Exercise 12C

1 a b c d

2 a b c d

3 a b c d e f g h

4 a b1 c1 d1

5 a b c1 d1 e f1 g1 h

6 a1 b1 c d

7 3 cm

8 3 cm
9 a8 b 10 c9 d8
10 a 16 b 24 c 40 d 64
11 a 20 b 20 c 20 d 20

12
13 90 seconds
Challenge: Cycle race
A a 15 b 20
B a 168 b 224

Exercise 12D
1 a 1200 b 1200 c 12 000 d 120 000
2 a 4000 b 4200 c 72 000 d 72 000
3 a 3.2 b 0.09 c 0 035 d 0.45
e 0.008 f 0.036 g 0.0072 h 0.066
4 a 400 b 1600 c 3600 d 90 000
e 0.09 f 0.81 g 0.0004 h 0.0064
5 a 600 cm² b 200 mm and 300 mm c 60 000 mm²
d 0.2 m and 0.3 m e 0.06 m²
6 a 1.8 b 24 c 27 d 200
e 64 f 6.6 g 630 h 1.5
7 a 12 b 120 c 1.2 d 12
8 a 4800 cm² b 0.48 m²
9 a 63 b 6.3 c 63 000 d 0.063
10 a 52 900 b 5.29 c 0.0529
11 a 24 b 240 c 2400 d 0.24
12 a 0.16 m³ b 160 000 cm³

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
Challenge: Falling down
A The missing values are 0.05, 0.2, 0.8, 1.25.
B Check pupils’ graphs.

Exercise 12E
1 a 30 b 20 c 30 d 30
e 50 f 30 g 40 h 50
2 a 150 b 50 c 200 d 200
e 2000 f 300 g 500 h 200
3 a 20 b2 c 0.2 d 0.02
4 a7 b 0.7 c 0.07 d 0.07
5 a 0.4 b 0.2 c 0.7 d 0.03
e 0.2 f 0.04 g 0.3 h 0.05
6 a 0.06 b 0.03 c 0.02 d 0.01
7 b 270 ÷ 90 = 3, the rest are 30
8 d 0.8 ÷ 0.2 = 4, the rest are 0.4
9 a 30 b 0.03 c 0.3 d 3000
10 a 30 b 0.3 c 0.03 d 3; order is c, b, d, a
11 a 40 b5 c 50 d 0.006
e 30 f 40 g 20 h 0.05

12 a Changing the subject of the formula A = 20x gives x = .

b 0.02 c 50
13 a 1.3 b 0.13 c 1.3 d 130
Reasoning: Fraction or decimal?
A a Answer given in Pupil Book
b 40 c 320 d 120 e 15 f 70
B Check pupils’ answers

Chapter 12: Answers to Review questions

1 a3 b2 c

2 a2 b3 c3

3 a 21 cm b 26 cm²

4 a b4

5 a1 b7 c 14 d 12
6 a 4900 b 100 000 c 90 000 d 2400
7 a 20 b 0.064 c 0.06 d 81
8 a 1400 cm² b 0.14 m²
9 a 30 b 80 c 40 d 400
10 a 30 b 40 c 0.4 d 0.06
11 a 288 000 b 28.8

12 1

13 a 2 b c5
14 a 75 b 42 c 4.2 d 7.5

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
Chapter 12: Answers to Challenge – Guesstimates
1 5000, 0.2, 5000 ÷ 0.2 = 25 000
2-9 Answers will vary. Check that they are sensible and backed up with working.

Exercise 13A
1 Missing numbers are 26, 52, 78 and 117
2 a £1.68 b £2.52 c 42p d 28p
3 a 54 g b 108 g c 216 g d 13.5 g
4 a 6 kg b 24
5 15, 25 and 125 on the top row, 64 and 160 on the bottom row
6 a 22 m b 33 m c 110 m d 5.5 m

7 a 320 b 2 hours
8 a i £1.92 ii £3.20 iii 16p
b i 200 g ii 1 kg iii 50 g
9 82 and 410 on the top row, 315 and 504 on the bottom row
10 0.7 and 1.4 on the top row, 120 and 180 on the bottom row
11 a 32.8 kg b 30 m
12 a 288 b1:3 c 1:3
13 a 190 b Both are 1 : 5
14 No. A possible explanation is 50 × 2 = 100 but 122 × 2 ≠ 212.
Investigation: Age, height and mass
A No. Own explanation
B No. Own explanation
C No. Own explanation

Exercise 13B
1 a 8, 20, 28, 32, 40 b Check pupils’ graphs
2 a 1.3 × 10 = 13 b 13, 26, 32.5, 39, 52 c Check pupils’ graphs
3 a 10, 50, 100 b Check by multiplying c Check pupils’ graphs
4 a 24, 72, 144 b 48 c y = 48x d £3.60 e Check pupils’
graphs
5 a 300, 600, 900, 1200 b y = 12x c HK$15 240
6 a 3, 6, 7, 8.5, 11 b y = 0.1x c 43 litres
7 a 36 km/h b 3.6 c y = 3.6x
8 a 14, 21, 28 and 35 b y = 1.4x c i 16.8 mm ii 26.6 mm iii 43.4 mm
9 a y = 2x b 9.4 and 3.2 on the top, 10.4 and 25.8 on the bottom
c Check pupils’ drawings
Financial skills: Exchange rates
A y = 1.7x. This follows from choosing a point on the graph, such as (10, 17)
B Multiply number of rupees by 1.7
C Yes, divide number of yen by 1.7

Exercise 13C
1 a 6 hours b 4 hours c 6, 4, 5, 3, 2 d Product is always 600
e xy = 600 f and g Check pupils’ graphs
2 a 100 b 200 c 500, 400, 200, 100, 50, 40

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
 d Product is always the same, 1000 e xy = 1000
f and g Check pupils’ graphs
3 a 5 hours b 1000 km/h c xy = 4000
4 a 24 b 24, 20, 12, 10 c Product is always 12 d pn = 12
5 a bh = 200 b 12.5, 16, 20, 25 c Check pupils’ graphs

d About 13.3 e Formula gives 13

6 a £1500 b £1000 c 3000, 1500, 1000, 750, 600, 500
d Yes, the product is always the same (30000). e Check pupils’ graphs
f About 38 g nc = 30 000 The formula gives 37.5, which means 38 people
Activity: Different rectangles, same area
A Check pupils’ drawings
B 12, 9.6, 8, 6, 4.8, 4
C Check pupils’ graphs
D xy = 48
E About 6.9 cm

Exercise 13D
1 a Yes b d = 80t c 680 m
2 a 4 hours b 2.5 hours c speed = 20 ÷ time so speed × time is always 20 d
tw = 20
3 a Neither b Inverse cd = 90 c Direct r = 13.5f d Neither
4 The line does not go through the origin
5 a (4, 5) and (7, 2) b 4 × 5 = 20 but 7 × 2 = 14; they are not the same

6 a y = 0.25x or y = x b xy = 400
7 a Any two points, such as (10, 400) and (5, 200) b y = 40x
8 a Possible points are (12, 1), (1, 12), (3, 4) and (6, 2) b xy = 12
Reasoning: Looking for proportion
A 2 × (3 + 7) = 20
B Possible answers are 1 and 9, or 2 and 8, and so on
C Check pupils’ graphs
D No, the line does not go to the origin
E No, it is not a curved line

Chapter 13: Answers to Review questions

1 34 and 85
2 8 cm, 32 cm, 80 cm, 2.4 m, 6.4 m
3 540
4 a i £1.40 ii £6 iii £73 b c = 0.2n
5 a 28, 70, 7 b y = 3.5x c Check pupils’ graphs
d Straight line through the origin
6 9 and 3
7 a 400 seconds b 67 seconds
8 a length × width is always 1200 b 30 cm c xy = 1200 d Check pupils’
graphs
9 a 100, 75, 60 b ln = 180
10 a i (5, 1) ii (10, 0.5) iii (2, 2.5) iv (1, 5) b xy = 5 c 0.2
11 a 32 b2

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
Chapter 13: Answers to Challenge – Planning a trip 1
a 20, 25, 32, 40
b xy = 800
c

2 a 45 km
b 15 km
c 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90
d yes, d = 1.5t
e

3 a 3.2, 3, 2.4
b xy = 240
c

4 a i direct proportion
b d = 2.5f
c iii neither. Check pupils’ reasons

Exercise 14A
1 a 1.5 cm, 3 cm b 2 cm, 4 cm c 3 cm, 6 cm
2-4 Check pupils’ drawings.
5 a 360° ÷ 6 = 60° b i 360° ÷ 5 = 72° ii 360° ÷ 8 = 45° iii 360° ÷ 10 = 36°
Activity: Finding the centre of a circle
Check pupils’ drawings.

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
Exercise 14B
Circumference divided by diameter is slightly larger than 3. A simple relationship is C
= 3d.
Activity: Making nets for cones
As the size of the removed sector increases, so does the height of the cone.

Exercise 14C
(note: answers could be slightly different if value of is taken as 3.14)
1 a 22.0 cm b 34.6 mm c 66.0 mm d 15.1 m e 8.8 cm
2 82 mm
3 377 m
4 400 m
5 942 million km
6 12.9 cm
7 47.1 cm
8 32 m
Activity: A mnemonic for
Count the number of letters in each word:
3 1 4 1 5 9 2 7 which leads to 3.1415927

Exercise 14D
(note: answers could be slightly different if value of is taken as 3.14)
1 a 3.1 cm2 b 153.9 mm2 c 3.5 m2 d 38.5 cm2 e 95.0 m2
2
2 346 cm
3 20 mm, 314 mm2
4 He has worked out the circumference of the circle and the units are wrong.
Area = × r2 = × 16 = 16 cm2
5 8163 m2
6 169 cm2
7 47.5 cm2
8 25 cm2 and 100 cm2 No, the area is 4 times larger.
Problem solving: Circle problems
A a 75.4 cm2 b 60.7 cm2 c 63.3 cm2
B 8.0 m
C 17.9 cm2

Chapter 14: Answers to Review questions

(note: answers could be slightly different if value of is taken as 3.14)
1 Check pupils’ drawings
2 a i 56.5 mm ii 254.5 mm2 b i 22.0 cm ii 38.5 cm2
c i 15.1 m ii 18.1 m2
3 a 44 cm b 154 cm2
4 a 157.1 cm b 134 m
5 a 9.4 cm b 1060
6 a 66 cm b 207 cm c 4830
7 30.5 cm2
8 a 200 b 25 cm2 c 12.6 cm2 d 49.6%

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
Chapter 14: Answers to Financial skills – Athletic stadium
(note: answers could be slightly different if value of is taken as 3.14)
1 a 6.72 m b 3.60 m2 c £115.20
2
2 a 353.4 m b £20 320
3 a 399.34 m (or 400 m) b 2000 litres c £2635
2
4 a 10 400m b £37 440
5 a 9.6 m3 b 16 tonnes
3
6 a 0.9 m b £43.20

Exercise 15A
1 a 33 b 48 c6 d4

2 a 13 b9 c5 d5 e7 f3 g2 h4

3 a 11 b3 c 18 d7 e 15 f7 g 17 h
44
4 a 48 b 36 c 45 d 32
5 a 36 b 18 c 30 d 58 e6 f 13 g 27 h
22

6 Both give x = 8

7 a6 b5 c6 d1 e2 f3 g6 h6

8 a 3x + 12 = 37 bx=8
9 a 3.6 b 7.1 c 12.4 d 2.8 e 16.1 f 3.8 g 0.4 h
62.5
Challenge: Odd one out
The odd one out is 5x – 30 = 75. This has the answer 21, the rest are all 19.
Exercise 15B
1 a 15 b 15 c 12 d 11
2 a9 b6 c 4.5 d 18
3 a 20 b7 c 11 d 5.5
4 a8 b 21 c6 d8

5 a 18 b 10.5 c3 d 34 e 26 f
g2 h8 i7 j 13 k 5 l 20
6 a 2x + 35 = 3x + 12 b x = 23 c 81
7 a n + 75 b n + 75 = 4n c n = 25; Ann has £25, Carrie has £100

8 a 14 b9 c 10 d5
9 a 12 b8 c6 d4
10 a 15 b9 c4 d 12
e4 f 24 g 2 h 5

11 a 4 b2 c6 d3
Challenge: Muddying the waters
A Missing numbers are 21, 26, 17, 32
B Missing expressions are 17 + 5x, 17 + 9x, 17 + 14x and 15x + 4

Exercise 15C

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
1 a9 b8 c 18 d2
2 a 24 b9 c8 d 21 e 22 f8 g7 h8
3 a Top row 14, 16, 18, 20 bottom row 12, 15, 18, 21 bx=8 c Pupils check
own
4 a Top row 16, 20, 24, 28 bottom row 30, 27, 24, 21 bx=4 c Pupils check
own
5 a 24 b 21 c 14 d8
e 16 f6 g5 h0 i 20.5
6 a 5(x – 4) = 3(x + 2) b x = 13 c 45 cm
7 a 3(t + 6) b 4t c 3(t + 6) = 4t d t = 18
e Triangle 24 units, square 18 units
8 a 2(x + 5) b 4(x – 2) c 2(x + 5) = 4(x – 2) d x = 9 e 28 square units
9 a 11 b 12 c4 d8
e 13 f 18 g 23 h 32 i 28

10 a a + 6 b (x + 6) = 12 c 18 years old
Challenge: Three shapes
30 units

Exercise 15D
1 a 70 b 40 c 40 d 40

2 a t = 5 – 2s b t = w + 6.5 ct= d t = 2m

3 an=T–m b n = q – t + 12 c n = (y – a) dn= –1
4 a8 b 131 c 2m = x + y, x = 2m – y
d 34 e y = 2m – x f 10.7

5 a u = v – 10t b 11.4 ct= (v – u) d 2.4

6 a i 58 ii 110 bx= (a – 30)

ci5 ii 10

7 a x = (y – 12) b x = 3(y + 2) c x = 50 – y

dx= (y – 45) e x = 20 – 3y f x = (18 – y)

8 a a = k – 3b + 1 bb=

9 a 25 bt= c6

10 a a = P - b bb= P-a ca= db=

11 a The perimeter is the sum of the three sides

b 38 c y = p – 2x dx=

12 a p = (t – 20q) b q = (t – 10p)
Financial skills: Paying interest
A a £72 b £472
B a £60 b £2060

C aR= b 16%

Chapter 15: Answers to Review questions

1 a 4.5 b 21 c 45 d 3.5

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
2 a8 b 17 c6 d 4.5
3 a 22 b 10 c 20 d 34
4 a 18 b 20 c 23 d8
5 a x + x + 18 + 2(x – 5) = 180 b 43°, 61° and 76°
6 a A is 4(4 + a); B is 6a b 4(4 + a) = 6a
c a = 8; area = 48 d No, perimeters are 32 and 28

7 ab= bh=

8 c=
9 x = 2(y – 5)

10 a a = bb=
11 a a = 2m – b b b = 2m – a

Chapter 15: Answers to Reasoning – Using graphs to solve equations

1 ax=2
b Middle row: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12; bottom row: 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3
c-e

2 iax=1 bx=8 cx=2 d x = 7.5

ii Pupils’ check own answers

Exercise 16A
1 a 10 < T ≤ 20 b 0 < T ≤ 12
2 a Frequencies are 2, 4, 6, 6, 2 b 1.70 < h ≤ 1.80

3 a Frequencies are 4, 2, 1, 3, 2, 2 b0<M≤1 c

4 a Frequencies are 3, 5, 3, 3, 2 b 10 < T ≤ 12 c 9°
5 35 < P ≤ 40
6 a Dr Speed and Dr Bell did
b For example Dr Speed good range, Dr Bell too many long consultations with
none under five minutes, Dr Khan quicker with none over ten minutes and nearly
twice as many under five minutes as between five and ten.
Activity: Textbook text

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
Answers will vary.

Exercise 16B
1 Check pupils’ diagrams
2 a City A b City B c 10 d 5°
3 Check pupils’ diagrams
Activity: Comparing holiday destinations
Answers will vary.

Exercise 16C
1 a 17 min b 16.4 min
2 a 10, 11, 12.5, 13.5
b For example, the further north the county was, the colder and smaller the
range.
3 Matt scores consistently well, where Jon’s scores vary a lot.
4 a Everlast 6 hrs, 2; Powercell 4.2 hrs, 3; Electro 8.8 hrs, 1
b For example Electro – lasts the longest and very reliable. Powercell – cheap,
just a third of the cost of Electro but last about half as long.
5 Cardiff 13.6, 14; Edinburgh 11.8,12; London 13.8, 16. Edinburgh is generally the
coldest, with London being slightly warmer than Cardiff but a more variable
temperature.
Activity: Comparing populations
Answers will vary.

Exercise 16D
1 a i 5.8 ii yes bi2 ii yes ci8 ii yes
d i 10 ii no ei2 ii no f i 8.7 ii no
2 a 14 < T ≤ 16 b No individual mode
3 a 9, yes b 9, no, majority 10 c 9, no, ten is an outlier
d 9, yes e 9, yes f 12, yes
4 a Frequencies are 7, 2, 5, 5, 3, 6 b0<M≤1 c $2.90
d The median is a single value, so it is better to choose the modal class
5 a Mode b Mean
c i Mode as that is what most workers will be paid
ii The mean as it takes their higher wages into account also
iii The median as it shows middle of the range but skewed to the bottom end
6 Craig 5.3,5 ; Len 7.1,2 ; Darcy 6.6,3 ; Bruno 7.4,3
Craig is the lowest scoring but has the largest range of scores.
Bruno is the highest scorer with the same range as Darcy. Len’s scores vary the
least.
7 a Highest average score b Can score higher than Joe
c Joe as he is more consistent and a higher mean

Chapter 16: Answers to Review questions

1 a No, no numbers to calculate with
b Yes, Lady Gaga appears more times than any other
2 a 7.5 b For example 3, 3 and 6 c For example 1, 4, 6, 7, 7
3 a Nothing b Nothing c 796 kg

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers
4 a Check pupils’ graphs b i £35 ii 21cm

5 a 10 < T ≤ 15 b 5 < T ≤ 10 c
6 a Gary highest mean score of 45.5 b Mark has the two highest scores
c Gary, as he is the more consistent with the highest mean
7 a Check pupils’ tables
b Check pupils’ diagrams c 16 – 20
8 a5 b ≥7 c3
9 a 17 cm b 12.5 cm2

Chapter 16: Answers to Problem solving – Technology questionnaire

1 Frequencies should be as follows:
Boys Girls
Baseball 1 0
Bowling 4 19
Boxing 13 0
Golf 5 4
Tennis 2 2
2 Pie charts showing frequencies from question 1
3 Check that the class sizes used are sensible
4 Frequency chart to match pupils’ tables from question 3
a b c d
5

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Pupil Book 2.2 answers