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Optimal HVAC Scheduling Using Phase-Change

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14 views

Optimal HVAC Scheduling Using Phase-Change

Uploaded by

lenvondia5555
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Optimal HVAC Scheduling Using

Phase-Change
Material as a Demand Response
Resource
Donald Azuatalam∗, Sleiman Mhanna†, Archie Chapman‡ and Gregor Verbiˇc§
School of Electrical and Information Engineering
The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Email:{∗donald.azuatalam, †sleiman.mhanna, ‡archie.chapman,
§gregor.verbic}@sydney.edu.au
INTRODUCTION:
• Heating, ventilation and air conditioning loads in buildings constitute a large
proportion of the energy demand of house- holds and, therefore, are a good
candidate for demand response
• With home energy management systems, a HVAC system can be automatically
scheduled to respond to varying price signals, with the aim of reducing heating
cost.
• Phase-change material is used to enhance the thermal inertia of buildings, by storing
latent heat in the building’s envelope.
• Latent heat stor- age gives higher storage density when compared to sensible heat
storage, with a smaller temperature swing between heat storage and release
WHAT IS PCM??
• PCM, or Phase Change Material, is a substance that undergoes a phase transition from
solid to liquid or vice versa, while maintaining a constant temperature during the
process. This unique property allows PCM to store and release large amounts of thermal
energy at specific temperatures, making it an effective medium for thermal energy
storage.
• There are various types of PCM, including organic, inorganic, and eutectic mixtures, each
with different properties and applications. Organic PCMs are typically derived from
hydrocarbons or fatty acids, while inorganic PCMs are often based on salts or metals.
Eutectic mixtures consist of combinations of different substances to achieve desired
melting and freezing points.
• PCM finds numerous applications in various industries, including building construction,
electronics cooling, transportation, and thermal energy storage systems. In buildings,
PCM can be incorporated into walls, ceilings, or floors to regulate indoor temperatures
by absorbing excess heat during the day and releasing it at night, reducing the need for
mechanical heating and cooling systems.
• Overall, PCM offers a sustainable and efficient solution for thermal energy management,
contributing to energy savings, improved comfort, and reduced environmental impact in
diverse applications.
IMAGES AND DESIGN OF PCM
IMAGES AND DESIGN OF PCM
GRAPH OF BY USING PCM
GRAPH
APPLICATION
1. Building Energy Efficiency:
1. PCM integrated into building envelopes (walls, ceilings) helps regulate indoor temperatures by storing excess
heat during the day and releasing it at night, reducing heating and cooling loads.
2. Thermal Energy Storage:
1. PCM is used in solar thermal energy systems for storing solar energy collected during the day and releasing it
for heating purposes during the night.
3. Electronics Cooling:
1. PCM is employed in electronic devices and computers for thermal management, absorbing heat generated
during operation and preventing overheating.
4. Textile Industry:
1. PCM incorporated into textiles and clothing helps regulate body temperature by absorbing or releasing heat
based on environmental conditions, enhancing comfort.
5. Refrigeration and Cold Chain:
1. PCM is utilized in refrigeration systems and cold chain logistics for maintaining stable temperatures during
transportation and storage of perishable goods.
6. Medical and Pharmaceutical Applications:
1. PCM is used in medical devices, vaccine storage, and temperature-controlled shipping containers to maintain
optimal temperature conditions for sensitive biological materials.
CONCLUSION
In all, it has been shown that PCM will serve as a good DR resource for ToU
heating tariff. A cost-benefit analysis should be done by the end-user to
weigh the cost of installing the PCM against the potential long-term savings
and thermal comfort it provides. From the results, we can conclude:The
building with PCM gives a better indoor temperature profile (for both
heating tariff schemes) when thermal comfort is priority. With cost
minimization as priority with ToU tariff, the PCM reduces cost in so far as the
room temperature is within the stipulated bounds. With time-varying
heating tariff, considerable cost sav- ings can be achieved with the use of
PCM of both thickness sizes, while maintaining the room temperature
within the stipulated bounds. Whereas, with flat heating
tariff, cost savings are not very significant.

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