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Principle of Animal Genetics and Population Genetics by R Thiagarajan

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196 views78 pages

Principle of Animal Genetics and Population Genetics by R Thiagarajan

Uploaded by

zangalikhan34
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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R.

Thiagarajan

Principles of
Animal Genetics &
Population Genetics
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Classifcation of chromosomal varlations / aberratlons / abnormalities chromosomal variations


Numerlcal
Variations Structural
Variations

Euploidy Aneuploidy Balanced rearrangements Unbalanced rearrangements


(vanation in one complete (variation in one or a number (with no apparent loss or gain (with actual loss or gain of
set of chromosomes) of chromosomes more or less of genetic material) Benetic material thereby
than the species number) resulting in phenotypic change)

Polyploid Monosomy (2n-1) Inversion Deletion / Deficlency


presence of more than two doss of segment of (two breaks & two reunions loss of one chromosome
sets of chromosomes chromosome in one chromosome) from its original material)D
1)AuOpolYpod rom a pair) ) Paracentric inversion deletion
cinele diploid so
that the homologues Nullisomy (2n-2) (not involving centromere and inal
dod seement is at the end
of
ome from the same source as in pure chromosome shape is not altered) the chromoso
Oss o wo rom
strains or homozygotes. oomes i) Pericentrle inversion
u) Alopolyploid -It is a
froma
form derived
a hybrid between two diploids so that the involving centromere and
i)Interstitial or intercalary
deletion
homologues come from different source. chromosome shape is altered)
(wo breaks occur and unite
Shs leaving out the segment)
Trploid (3n) somy (2n+) (three breaks in a single Duplicatoin
three sets of chromosomes (addition o1 one chromosome)
(Addition of segment ol
chromosome to a pair)>Reciprocal
transiocafion chromosoinc)
Tetraploid (4n) Tetrusomy (2n+2) (breaks followed by exchange of
0ur sels of chromosornes (addition of two BEgments beween two Chromosomes
i) Autotetraploid chromosomes to a paur) Inserdon
i) Allotetraploid
Centrie fusion or Robertsonlan ranslocation**

Annserton ocCUrs when there are two breaks in one chromosome and one In a non-homologue, and the segment is inserted Into the non-
nomologue..

n chomnma
son r
o
Rober onian translocation occurs betweontwo acentric chromosomes when breaks occur close to the cantromere in the long
chromosome
shot amof the other, followed by an exchange and reunion to form an atelocentric chromosome and a very small metacentric
or a centric iragment.

O00

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