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Assignment - Dental Problems of Cleft Palate

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26 views

Assignment - Dental Problems of Cleft Palate

Uploaded by

keihoina keihoina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DENTAL

PROBLEMS
OF CLEFT
LIP AND
PALATE
SUBMITTED TO :

DR. PUSHPAVATHI M

SUBMITTED BY :

ANN MATHEW

II BASLP

A SECTION
DENTAL ANOMALIES

 Children with a history of cleft of the lip and alveolus, or with other
craniofacial anomalies ,commonly have anomalies of the teeth and jaws .
 Their dental problems can include any combination of missing teeth or extra
teeth ; crowded ,impacted ,or rotated teeth ; or dental cross bite .
 Dental management of these patients requires coordination among several
dental specialists, including pediatric dentists ,orthodontists ,oral
maxillofacial surgeons ,and prosthodontists .

NORMAL DENTITION :

 The dentition has two arches of teeth ,the upper (or maxillary )arch and the
lower (or mandibular )arch .
 Each arch consists of a right and left half :thus the teeth are paired with one
of each type on either side.
 In a child’s life , there are two sets of teeth . The first sets consists of the 20
primary or deciduous teeth , 10 in each arch . Decidious teeth are shed and
replaced by 32 permanent teeth ( 16 in each arch ).

DENTAL PROBLEMS ARE:

 Abnormal incisor relationships


 Rotated , supernumerary , or ectopic teeth
 Missing teeth
 Open bite
 Cross bite
 Protruding premaxilla

ABNORMAL INCISOR RELATIONSHIPS :

 The overjet is abnormal ,when the horizontal (or anterior –posterior)


relationship between the incisors exceeds 2mm when the upper and lower
incisors are in light contact.
 Underjet ,or anterior crossbite , refers to a reversal of the normal upper to
lower incisor relationships so that the upper incisors are inside the lower
incisors.
 An overbite is when there is too much overlap of the upper incisors over the
lower incisors .
 Underbite (deep bite ) refers to a vertical overlap of the lower incisors over
the upper incisors .
 Diastema is a space or opening between the teeth . It usually refers to a
space between the maxillary central incisors .

OVERBITE UNDERBITE

ROTATED , SUPERNUMERARY , OR ECTOPIC TEETH:

 This is common in individuals who have had a cleft of the primary palate .
 Central incisiors and lateral incisors , if present are the most often affected
and are usually rotated toward the cleft . The incisors may also be fused at
the roots .
 When there is a cleft in the alveolar ridge , supernumerary teeth or ectopic
teeth may be displaced palatally or labially ,usually in the line of the cleft.
ROTATED SUPERNUMERARY ECTOPIC

MISSING TEETH :

 Congenitally missing teeth are frequent finding in patients with cleft of the
primary palate. Missing permanent teeth can be replaced with an implant
and crown. Even children with a history of sub mucous cleft have an
increased frequency of missing teeth or other dental abnormalities.
 The lateral incisor and /or canine are missing most frequently because these
are the teeth border the incisive suture lines and therefore are in the line of
the cleft .
 Even when present ,teeth in the area of the cleft may be smaller than normal,
misshapen , or malformed.

MISSING TEETH

OPEN BITE:
 Open bite occurs when one or more maxillary teeth fail to occlude with the
opposing mandibular teeth.
 Open bites primarily affect the anterior dentition and less commonly the
posterior dentition .
 Causes of open bite include missing teeth or poor occlusion due to digit or
pacifier sucking habits or skeletal discrepancies.
 Open bites are sealed by the tongue on swallowing , which is often confused
as tongue thrust.

OPEN BITE

CROSS BITE :

 Cross bite is a common dental abnormality in children with a history of cleft


lip and palate.
 In cross bite , the normal; overlap of the upper teeth to the lower teeth is
reversed so that the upper are inside the lower teeth .
 A cross bite may involve only one upper and lower tooth, called a single –
toothy cross bite .
 Multiple –tooth cross bites are described by their position in the dental arch
as either anterior or posterior.
CROSS BITE

PROTRUDING PREMAXILLA:

 Infants affected by bilateral complete cleft lip and palate often have a
protruding premaxilla at birth .
 Because the cleft goes through the incisive sutures to the incisive foramen ,
the premaxilla is untethered by the lateral palatal segments, leaving it in an
anterior position.
 The lateral segments are also displaced medially so that there is no room for
the premaxilla to fit in its normal position.
 Untreated, the premaxilla remains protrusive due to lack of space .
 Past treatment included surgical removal of the premaxilla , but this had
major detrimental effects on midfacial growth and ,of course resulted in a
lack of maxillary incisors.

REFERANCE :

CLEFT PALATE AND CRANIOFACIAL ANOMALIES :


ANN W. KUMMER

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