Teacher Earl John A.

De Eyoy Quarter 3rd

School University Laboratory School Learning Area Physics I

Teaching Date February __, 2024 Grade Level 9

The learners demonstrate an understanding of:

Content Standards -describe and discuss the concepts on the introduction of
Physics, vectors, Statics, force of gravity, Laws of Motion,
circular motion, properties of matter, work, energy,
power, heat, and thermodynamics.

Performance Standards -propose a device that shows conservation of mechanical

energy
Learning Competencies/ Objectives
Write the LC code for each a. define circular motion
b. differentiate rotational from circular motion
c. cite examples of bodies moving in circular
motion
d. define period and frequency
e. name the possible units of period and frequency
f. discuss uniform circular motion
g. define centripetal force, centrifugal force, and
centripetal acceleration
h. describe the direction of the velocity,
acceleration, and net force for an object that
moves in a circle at a constant speed.
i. relate the speed, acceleration, radius, mass and
net force for an object moving in a circle
j. solve problems involving centripetal force and
centripetal acceleration
k. explain the reason that a satellite can be thought
of as a projectile that around the Earth instead of
into it
l. explain why some curved roadways are
tilted/banked from the horizontal
m. recognize the importance of friction in the
motion of an object that is rounding a curve
n. solve problems involving banking of curves
o. explain why centripetal force is necessary in the
motion of artificial satellites
p. discuss the meaning and the cause of
weightlessness

II. CONTENT Circular Motion

III. LEARNING RESOURCES
References
Physics–Grade 9 Quarter 3&4–Module 3&4: Mechanics,
2. Learner’s Materials pages Heat and Thermodynamics, 2022
4. Additional Materials from Learning Resource (LR) portal https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4LLYAFvWbZg
Other Learning Resources Pen/ pencil, modules, TV Monitor, and Laptop
IV. PROCEDURES
Teachers Activity Students Activity

A. Preliminary Activities
Prayer
Let us pray! (one student leads the prayer)
Greetings
Good afternoon class! Good afternoon sir!
Ice Breaker
Let’s have an exercise (the teacher plays an action song in the monitor)

Checking of attendance
Are all present today? Yes sir!
Setting of classroom standard
-What will you do if the class is going on? -We will sit properly and listen to the teacher
-What will you do if you want to answer a question? -We will raise our right hand and we will not answer in
-If we will have an activity what will you do? chorus
-Can I expect that in your class? -We will cooperate in the activity and minimize our noise
in doing the activity
Motivation -Yes sir!
Before we proceed to our discussion for today, let us review
our topic last meeting.

What is our last topic last meeting?

-it’s all about friction sir!
Exactly!

So what are the types of friction? - static, kinetic, and rolling friction sir!

Very good! So what is the formula for friction force? -f=μN

Where μ is the coefficient of friction and N is the Normal -velocity sir!

force

So you already mastered the concept of friction so let’s

proceed to our next topic for today!

B. LESSON PROPER

Activity

Divide the class in half and assign either they will observe
the revolution of the planet or the satellite.
One group will observe how often did the satellite revolve
around the planet. And one group will observe how often
did the planet will revolve around the sun in a minute.

Questions:
From the given time;
How often did the satellite revolve around the planet?
How often did the planet revolve around the sun?

ANALYSIS

Circular Motion- Two types of circular motion are rotation

and revolution.

Axis is the straight line around which rotation takes place.

When an object turns about an internal axis that is, an axis

located within the body of the object-the motion is called
rotation, or spin.
When an object turns about an external axis, the motion is
called revolution.

Frequency and Period

Period and frequency are physical quantities that are used to
describe both circular and rotational motion.
 (Let the student read the definition in chorus)
Period T is the time required for an object to make one
complete revolution.
Frequency f is the number of revolutions completed by the
same object in a given time.
Let us take a stone whirled along the horizontal at the end of
a string as shown in the figure. Suppose it is whirled from A
and makes 10 complete revolutions in 5 seconds, its
frequency is 2 revolutions per second.

f= number of revolution/time = 10rev/5s= 2 rev/s

Thus the time for one to complete revolution is ½ s/rev

T= time/ number of revolution v=5s/10rev= ½ s/rev

UNIFORM CIRCULAR MOTION

When the stone above moves in a circular path with
constant speed, it is said to undergo uniform circular motion.
While the magnitude of the speed is constant, the direction
always changes. Hence, we say that the stone in circular
motion is accelerated.
Other examples of uniform circular motion are that of
the hands of a clock, the motion of a child that rides in a
merry-go-round, the motion of the satellites going around
the planets and the planets going around the sun. Their
periods are constant.
When the stone makes one complete trip along its
circular path of a certain radius, r the distance it travels is
equal to the circumference of the circle: d = circumference =
2r r and if the time it takes for that one complete trip is
equal to the period of the motion, then its constant speed is

V= d/t = 2πr

In the above example, the stone travels 6.28 m in 1 s. This is

the lines velocity of the object. However, we can compute its
angular velocity. If we can measure the angle through which
the object turns and also the time elapsed.

angular velocity= angle turned trough time elapse

time elapse

w= θ /t

w is the Greek letter omega, is the Greek letter theta

We use the radian as the unit of angle. One radian is the

angle subtended by the arc of a circle whose length is equal
to the radius of the same circle.
In the figure, x is the arc equal to r, and therefore the angle
θ is equal to 1 radian (rad). If a circumference is equal to 2tr,
then there are 2r radians in one complete circle, which is
360°.
Thus
2πr radians = 360° 1 radian = 360° 2π = 57.3°

Example 2: What is the angular velocity of a stone which

makes 10 revolutions in 5 seconds? The radius of the circular
path is 0.5 m. (First find the angle turned through)
Given: number of revolutions = 10 rev, t = 5s r = 0.5m
Required: angular velocity,w
Solution: = 2π (10 rev) = 62.8 radians
Therefore, angular velocity omega = theta/t = (62.8
rad)/(5s) = 12.56 rad / s

CENTRIPETAL FORCE and CENTRIFUGAL FORCE

Centripetal force is defined as, "the force that is necessary

to keep an object moving in a curved path and that is
directed inward toward the center of rotation," while
centrifugal force is defined as "the apparent force that is felt
by an object moving in a curved path that acts outwardly
away from the center of rotation".

The stone tied to one end of a string and whirled in a

horizontal circle is moving at a constant speed but is always
changing direction (See figure below) The direction of the
velocity is always tangent to the circular path. If you cut the
string, the object will fly out because of the inertia of the
object The string exerts a force on the stone. This force is
called centripetal force.

where VA, VB, VC, VD, are the velocities point A, B, C, D in

circular path
This unbalanced force toward the center keeps the object
accelerating toward the center in the same direction as the
force. This obeys Newton's second law of motion. The
centripetal acceleration of the mass which acts at right
angles to its velocity can be calculated by using

ac= (v ^ 2)/r

When an object moves in a circle, even at constant speed,

the object still undergoes acceleration because its direction
is changing. This change in direction is due to a net force
(otherwise the object would continue to go in a straight
line). Any object moving in a circle undergoes an
acceleration that is directed to the center of the circle-a
centripetal acceleration.

Centripetal forces can be exerted in a variety of ways. The

"string" that holds the moon on its almost circular path, for
example, is gravity. Electrical forces provide the centripetal
force acting between an orbiting electron and the atomic
nucleus in an atom. Anything that moves in a circular path is
acted on by a centripetal force.

Calculating Centripetal Forces Greater speed and greater

mass require greater centripetal force. Traveling in a circular
path with a smaller radius of curvature requires a greater
centripetal force. Centripetal force = mass x speed? radius of
curvature
Fc= m v2/r
Centripetal force, Fc is measured in newtons when m is
expressed in kilograms, v in meters/second, and r in meters.

If the mass is doubled, the force is also doubled, but

doubling the speed will increase the force four times. If the
radius is doubled, this will decrease the force twice as much.
Uniform circular motion can be described as the motion of
an object in a circle at constant speed.

ABSTRACTION

Solve the following problems. Give the given, required, and

the solution of each problem. ( The students will solve on paper, and the teacher will
call somebody to answer on the board. )

APPLICATION
Solve this problem. Give the given, the required, and the
solution of the problem.
The earth's mass is 5.98 x 1024 kg and its average
distance from the sun is 1.494 x 108 km. What
centripetal force is required to keep it moving in a
circular orbit about the sun? (The orbit is actually
elliptical)
B. Answer the following questions.
1. Why do the passengers of a car rounding a curve are
thrown outward?
2. The moon is continuously revolving round the earth
without falling towards it. Why is this so?
3. Why does a cyclist lean inward while going along a
curve?
4. Some housewives use spin dryers to dry their clothes.
Explain how water is removed from the clothes in a spin
dryer?

EVALUATION
Self Check 1. Write the letter of the correct answer
Write the letter of the correct answer.

1 . For an object moving in uniform circular motion,

a the velocity is constant.
b the speed is speed is changing but the direction is
constant ANSWERS
c. the direction is changing but the speed is constant
d both speed and direction are changing. D
C
2. In the case of whirling a ball, A
a. a constant force, called centripetal force, pulls the B
object inward B
b. a constant force, called centripetal force, keeps the
ball moving in a circular path
c. two equal force are pulling the ball in the same
direction
d. two unequal forces are pulling the ball in opposite
direction

3. The centripetal force on an object in circular motion is

a. in the same direction as the tangential speed
b. in the direction opposite the tangential speed
c. in the same direction as the centripetal acceleration
d. in the direction opposite the cent

4. A child whirls a ball at the end of a rope in a uniform

circular motion. Which of the following statements is
NOT true?
a. The speed of the ball is constant.
b. The velocity of the ball is constant.
c. The radius is constant.
d. The magnitude of the ball's acceleration is constant.

For numbers 5-7. consider the condition below. A boy

has a 0.25 kg yoyo attached to a string, 0.90 m long. He
twirls it about in a horizontal circle and makes one
complete revolution in 1 second

5. What is the tangential speed of the yoyo?

a. 5.65 m/s b. 0.9 m/s c. 6.28 m/s d. 3.14 m/s

6. What is the tension (centripetal force) in the string?

a. 1.57 N b. 0.25 N c. 2.20 N d. 8.87 N

7. If the boy increases the speed of the yoyo to 3 rev/s,

what tension must be in the string?
a. 88.7 N b. 15.7 N c. 81.5 N d. 25 N

8. A Ferrari is travelling in a uniform circular motion

around a racetrack. What happens to the radial
acceleration of the car if the velocity is doubled and the
radius of the circle is halved?
a. It remains the same. c. It increases by a factor of 4
increases by a factor of 8
b. It increases by a factor of 2 d. It increases by a factor
of 8

9. When a car makes a sharp left turn, what causes the

passengers to move toward the right side of the car?
a. centripetal acceleration b. centripetal force
c. centrifugal force
d. inertia

10. When an object is moving with uniform circular

motion, the centripetal acceleration of the object
a. is circular
b. is perpendicular to the plane of motion
c. is zero
d. is directed toward the center of motion