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10 views

Raymundresearch 1

Uploaded by

scarletdain63
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 4

Ma.

Escarlettte Dain

BSIT-3 BLOCK-2

PROJECT IN RESEARCH -1

METHODOLOGY

SAMPLING

- Sampling is the process of selecting a subset of individuals or items from a larger


population to represent the whole group. It's used in research to gather data
efficiently while maintaining the integrity of the study.

TYPES OF SAMPLING:

1. Simple Random Sampling: Each member of the population has an equal


chance of being selected for the sample. This method ensures fairness and
minimizes bias.

2. Stratified Random Sampling: The population is divided into subgroups or strata


based on specific characteristics, and then a random sample is selected from
each stratum. This method ensures representation from each subgroup.

3. Cluster Sampling: The population is divided into clusters or groups, and a


random sample of clusters is selected. Then, all individuals within the selected
clusters are included in the sample. This method is useful when the population is
geographically dispersed.

4. Systematic Sampling: The researcher selects every nth individual from the
population to be included in the sample. The starting point is chosen randomly,
and then individuals are selected at regular intervals.

These sampling methods have their advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of
method depends on the research objectives, population characteristics, and available
resources.

PURPOSES OF SAMPLING:

 Generalization: Sampling allows researchers to study a smaller subset of


individuals or objects from a larger population and make inferences about the
population as a whole. By selecting a representative sample, researchers can
generalize their findings to the broader population with a certain level of
confidence. This is especially important when studying large populations that are
impractical to study in their entirety.

 Cost and Time Efficiency: Conducting research on an entire population can be


time-consuming and expensive. Sampling helps to reduce the cost and time
required for data collection by studying a smaller subset of the population. This
allows researchers to gather the necessary information more efficiently, enabling
them to focus their resources on other aspects of the research.

 Practicality: In some cases, it may be impractical or impossible to study the


entire population directly. For example, if the population is geographically
dispersed or if the population size is too large to study comprehensively,
sampling provides a practical solution. By selecting a representative sample,
researchers can still obtain valuable insights and draw meaningful conclusions.

 Accessibility: In certain situations, the entire population may not be accessible


for research purposes. This could be due to logistical constraints, privacy
concerns, or other limitations. Sampling allows researchers to work with a subset
of the population that is accessible and willing to participate in the study,
ensuring that the research can proceed.

 Precision and Accuracy: When properly executed, sampling techniques can


yield accurate and precise results. By using appropriate sampling methods and
ensuring the representativeness of the sample, researchers can minimize bias
and increase the reliability of their findings. This enhances the validity of the
research and strengthens the confidence in the conclusions drawn.

 Resource Allocation: Sampling enables researchers to allocate their resources


effectively. By focusing on a smaller subset of the population, researchers can
concentrate their efforts on collecting high-quality data and conducting in-depth
analysis. This allows for a more thorough exploration of the research questions
and facilitates a deeper understanding of the phenomenon under investigation.

It is important to note that the choice of sampling method and sample size should be
carefully considered to ensure the validity and reliability of the research findings.
Researchers should also be aware of potential sampling errors and take steps to
minimize them.
HOW TO WRITE CHAPTER 3.

Introduction to Chapter 3:

 Briefly introduce the purpose of Chapter 3, which is to explain the methodology


employed in the study.

RESEARCH METHOD/DESIGN (Section A):

 Describe the overall research design, such as experimental, observational,


qualitative, or quantitative.
 Justify why the chosen research design is appropriate for addressing the
research questions or objectives.

POPULATION/ RESPONDENTS (Section B):

 Define the target population or sample group under study.Specify the


characteristics of the individuals or entities being studied.
 Explain how the population/sample was selected or recruited.

INSTRUMENTS (Section C):

 Discuss the tools, measures, or instruments used for data collection.


 Provide details on how these instruments were selected and their relevance to
the research objectives.
 If applicable, mention any modifications made to existing instruments and why.

VALIDATION OF INSTRUMENTS (Section D):

 Explain how the instruments were tested for reliability and validity.
 Describe any pilot studies, pre-tests, or other validation methods used.
 Discuss the results of validation tests and any adjustments made to the
instruments based on those results.
DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE (Section E):

 Outline the step-by-step process followed to collect data from the chosen
sample.
 Include details about recruitment methods, data collection techniques, and any
ethical considerations.
 Provide a clear and comprehensive description of each data collection step.

TREATMENT OF DATA (Section F):

 Describe how the collected data will be analyzed.


 Explain the statistical methods or software used for data analysis.
 Detail how the data will be organized, cleaned, and interpreted to address the
research questions or hypotheses.
 Discuss any potential limitations or biases in the data and how they will be
addressed.

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