GUÍA PARA EXTRAORDINARIO Y ETS

INGLÉS 5

SECRETARIA ACADÉMICA DIRECCION DE

EDUCACION MEDIA SUPERIOR

CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS CIENTIFICOS Y

TECNOLOGICOS No. 19 “LEONA VICARIO”,
TECÁMAC
UNIT 1
“Review of future tenses”
1. We use the present simple for something scheduled:
We have a lesson next Monday.
The train arrives at 6.30 in the morning.
The holidays start next week.
It's my birthday tomorrow.
2. We can use the present continuous for plans or arrangements:
I'm playing football tomorrow.
They are coming to see us tomorrow.
We're having a party at Christmas.
3. We use will:
when we express beliefs about the future:
It will be a nice day tomorrow.
I think Brazil will win the World Cup.
I'm sure you will enjoy the film.
to mean want to or be willing to:
I hope you will come to my party.
George says he will help us.
to make offers and promises:
I'll see you tomorrow.
We'll send you an email.
to talk about offers and promises:
Tim will be at the meeting.
Mary will help with the cooking.
4. We use be going to:
to talk about plans or intentions:
I'm going to drive to work today.
They are going to move to Manchester.
to make predictions based on evidence we can see:
Be careful! You are going to fall. (= I can see that you might fall.)
Look at those black clouds. I think it's going to rain. (= I can see that it will rain.)
Complete the following sentneces:

1. The train at 11:45. (to leave)

2. We dinner at a nice restaurant on Saturday, but we have't booked a table yet. (to
have)
 3. My ski instructor believes it in the mountains tomorrow evening. (to snow)
4. On Sunday at 8 o'clock I my friend. (to meet)
5. They to London on Friday evening at 8:15. (to fly)
6. Wait! I you to the station. (to drive)
7. The English lesson at 8:45. (to start)
8. I my sister in April. (to see)
9. Look at the clouds - it in a few minutes. (to rain)
10. Listen! There's someone at the door. I the door for you. (to open)

UNIT 2
“Modals for speculating: may might, could and must”
Modals for speculation:
We use must + infinitive for obligation and strong recommendation, but also to say that we are quite sure that
something is true.
- They are almost identical. They must be sisters.
- But I answered all the questions correctly. There must be a mistake.
We can use could/might/may + infinitive to say that it’s possible that something is true (but we are not sure).
- I can’t get hold of him on the phone. He could/might/may be away.
- We didn’t do anything when we could and now it could/might/may be too late.
Complete the following sentences
1. The phone is ringing. It _________ be Charlotte; she said she would call this morning.
2. He _________ be at the gym right now. Sometimes he goes there at this time.
3. If he drives a jaguar, he __________ be quite rich.
4. You should pick up the phone. It ___________ be an important call.
5. He __________ know the answer, he's the best in the class.

UNIT 3
“Future continuous”
We can use the future continuous (will/won't be + -ing form) to talk about future actions that:

• will be in progress at a specific time in the future:

When you come out of school tomorrow, I'll be boarding a plane.

Try to call before 8 o'clock. After that, we'll be watching the match.
You can visit us during the first week of July. I won't be working then.

• we see as new, different or temporary:

Today we're taking the bus but next week we'll be taking the train.
He'll be staying with his parents for several months while his father is in recovery.
Will you be starting work earlier with your new job?
UNIT 4
“Future perfect”

• We use the future perfect simple (will/won't have + past participle) to talk about something that will be
completed before a specific time in the future.

The guests are coming at 8 p.m. I'll have finished cooking by then.
On 9 October we'll have been married for 50 years.
Will you have gone to bed when I get back?

• We can use phrases like by or by the time (meaning 'at some point before') and in or in a day's time / in two
months' time / in five years' time etc. (meaning 'at the end of this period') to give the time period in which
the action will be completed.

I won't have written all the reports by next week.

By the time we arrive, the kids will have gone to bed.
I'll have finished in an hour and then we can watch a film.
In three years' time, I'll have graduated from university.

Complete the following sentences using future continuous and future perfect:
1. He's got a new job in Canada. He'll be _____________ in Vancouver from September.
2. I'm having driving lessons! Hopefully, I'll have _____________my test by summer.
3. ____________ you be waiting for me at the airport when I arrive?
4. We're making a change for the concert tonight! Ali will be singing and Chardine will be ____________ the guitar
5. I'm afraid I __________ be coming tonight. I have a meeting until late.
6. In three weeks’, time I'll ________________ lying on the beach in Sabah. I can't wait!
7. Let's call Rory. He'll ______________ arrived by now.
8. Jake can't come to the earlier film showing. He won't have________________ work at that time.

UNIT 5
“Past perfect”
We use the past perfect simple (had + past participle) to talk about time up to a certain point in the past.

- She'd published her first poem by the time she was eight.
- We'd finished all the water before we were halfway up the mountain.
- Had the parcel arrived when you called yesterday?

We can use the past perfect to show the order of two past events. The past perfect shows the earlier action and the
past simple shows the later action.

- When the police arrived, the thief had escaped.

It doesn't matter in which order we say the two events. The following sentence has the same meaning.

- The thief had escaped when the police arrived.

Complete the following sentences:

1. When I arrived at the cinema, the film ____________________ (start).
2. She ____________________ (live) in China before she went to Thailand.
3. After they ____________________ (eat) the shellfish, they began to feel sick.
4. If you ____________________ (listen) to me, you would have got the job.
5. Julie didn't arrive until after I ____________________ (leave).
6. When we ____________________ (finish) dinner, we went out.
 7. The garden was dead because it ____________________ (be) dry all summer.
8. He ____________________ (meet) her before somewhere.
9. We were late for the plane because we ____________________ (forgot) our passports.
10. She told me that she ____________________ (study) a lot before the exam.

UNIT 6
“Direct speech and reported speech”
There are two ways to report what someone says or thinks:

• Direct Speech
Direct speech shows a person's exact words. Quotation marks ("....") are a sign that the words are the exact words
that a person used.
Example:
Hai asked, "Where are you going?"
Manny replied, "I'm going home."

• Reported Speech
Reported speech puts the speaker's words or ideas into a sentence without quotation marks. Noun clauses are
usually used. In reported speech, the reader does not assume that the words are the speaker's exact words; often,
they are a paraphrase of the speaker's words.
Example:
Hai asked Manny where he was going.
Manny said he was going home.
Choose the correct option:
1. 'I need to see Sarah this weekend.' ⇒ George said that ______.
a) he needed to see Sarah this b) he was needing to see Sarah that c) he needed to see Sarah that
weekend weekend weekend
2. 'I'm reading now.' ⇒ Sally told me ______.
a) that she was reading at that b) that she read now c) that she was reading now
moment
3. 'I haven't seen Barbara since last year.' ⇒ Brendan told me ______.
a) he didn't see Barbara since last b) he hadn't seen Barbara since the c) he hadn't seen Barbara since last
year year before year
4. 'Have you signed the contract?' ⇒ Suzan ______.
a) told me if I had signed the b) asked me whether I had signed c) said if I signed the contract
contract the contract
5. 'Where did you eat?' ⇒ Sam asked me ______.
a) where I had eaten b) where had I eaten c) where did I eat

UNIT 7
“Embedded questions and statements”
An embedded question is a question that is inside another question or statement
Complete the following embedded questions using the options:
- Do you remember
- Can you teel me
- Do you know
- Do you remember
- Could you tell me
1. ______________________________________ where the bank is?
2. ______________________________________ where the gas station is?
3. ______________________________________ where the movie theatre is?
4. ______________________________________ what type of clothes they were wearing?
5. ______________________________________ what tool she took?

UNIT 8
“Causative verbs: get and have”
Causative verbs are verbs that show the reason why something took place.
The causative verbs are: have, get, make and let.
Have
The structure of the sentence is:
… + have + object + past participle of verb + …
… + have + object + base form of verb + …
Get
The structure of the sentence is:
… + get + object + past participle of verb + …
… + get + object + to + verb + …
Examples:
- You are going to have the natural flower planted today.
 - The teacher will have the students study on the exam including astronomy.
- They had their house built two years ago.
- I will get the doctor to give you a medicine.
- John got his elder child to wash his car.
- They were too afraid of petting the stray dog but their mother got them to pet it.
Change these examples into the structure 'have + object + past participle' or 'get + object + past participle'. For
example: I cleaned my kitchen (have) → I had my kitchen cleaned.
1.I washed my car. (have)
___________________________________________________________________________
2.I cut my hair. (get)
___________________________________________________________________________
3. I typed the documents. (have)
___________________________________________________________________________
4.I fixed my washing machine. (get)
___________________________________________________________________________
5.I cut my grass. (have)
___________________________________________________________________________
6.I painted my bedroom. (get)
___________________________________________________________________________
7.I repaired my fridge. (have)
___________________________________________________________________________
8.I tidied my garden. (get)
___________________________________________________________________________
UNIT 9
“Defining relative clauses”
Relative clauses give us information about the person or thing mentioned.

Defining relative clauses give us essential information – information that tells us who or what we are talking about.

- The woman who lives next door works in a bank.

- These are the flights that have been cancelled.
We can use who or that to talk about people. that is more common and a bit more informal.

- She's the woman who cuts my hair.

- He's the man that I met at the conference.
We can use which or that to talk about things. that is more common and a bit more informal.

- There was a one-year guarantee which came with the TV.

- The laptop that I bought last week has started making a strange noise!

Complete the sentences:

 1. A hotel is a place ____________ people stay when they´re on holiday.
2. What’s the name of the woman ____________ lives in that house?
3. What do you call someone ____________ writes computers programs?
4. Overalls are clothes ____________ people wear to protetct their clothes when they are working.
UNIT 10
“Non-defining relative clauses”
Non-defining relative clauses give us extra information about someone or something. It isn't essential for
understanding who or what we are talking about.

- My grandfather, who's 87, goes swimming every day.

- The house, which was built in 1883, has just been opened to the public.
- The award was given to Sara, whose short story impressed the judges.

We always use a relative pronoun or adverb to start a non-defining relative

clause: who, which, whose, when or where (but not that). We also use commas to separate the clause from the rest
of the sentence.

We can use who to talk about people, which to talk about things and whose to refer to the person or thing that
something belongs to.

- Yesterday I met my new boss, who was very nice.

- The house, which is very big, is also very cold!
- My next-door neighbour, whose children go to school with ours, has just bought a new car.
- After the port there is a row of fishermen's houses, whose lights can be seen from across the bay.
We can use which with a preposition to talk about places and times. In these cases it's more common to
use where or when instead of which and the preposition.
- City Park, which we used to go to, has been closed down.
City Park, where we used to go, has been closed down.
December, which Christmas is celebrated in, is a summer month for the southern hemisphere.
December, when Christmas is celebrated, is a summer month for the southern hemisphere.

Transform the sentences to non-defining relative clauses sentences.

1. Valencia is a great place. Valencia is due east of Madrid.
V a le nc i a , whi c h i s d ue e as t o f Ma dri d, i s a g re at pl ac e .
2. Jimbo is living in Thailand now. Jimbo got divorced last year.
_ _ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ _ __ _.
3 . Clare is a good teacher. I don't like Clare very much.
_ _ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ _ __ _ .
4 . My greasy neighbour stinks of after-shave. My greasy neighbour is a bus driver.
_ _ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ _ _ _ _.
5 . Almeria is very dry. The beaches of Almeria are wonderful.
_ _ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ _ _ _ _.
UNIT 11
“Agreeing with so, too, either and neither”
1. Using 'So'

Grammar: So + auxiliary/modal verb + pronoun

Note:
We should pay attention to the verb tense used in the statement while choosing our auxiliary form.

Speaker A’s Statement Speaker B

Celine is watching TV. So am I.

Sam can speak French fluently. So can I.

Terry has completed his master’s degree. So has James.

His parents should be more responsible. So should we.

Stephanie was so worried yesterday. So was I.

Mary and Sam will join the chess club. So will Jessica.

Nathan looks so confident. So do I.

2. Using 'Too'

Grammar: Pronoun + auxiliary/modal verb + Too

Speaker A’s Statement Speaker B

Celine is watching TV. I am too.

Sam can speak French fluently. I can too

Terry has completed his master’s degree. James has too.

His parents should be more responsible. We should too

Stephanie was so worried yesterday. I was too

Mary and Sam will join the chess club. Jessica will too

Nathan looks so confident. I do too.

In Negative Statements

1. Using 'Neither / Nor'

Grammar: Neither (nor) + auxiliary/modal verb + pronoun

Speaker A’s Statement Speaker B

Derek isn't sleeping. Neither (nor) am I.

Sandra cannot play the guitar. Neither (nor) can I.

Jennifer hasn't eaten her sandwich. Neither (nor) has James.

They shouldn't complain. Neither (nor) should we.

Stephanie was not worried at all. Neither (nor) was her husband.

Mary and Sam won't attend the meeting. Neither (nor) will I.

Dogs cannot fly. Neither (nor) can cats.

Note:
Although there is a negative statement, we use a positive auxiliary form. Speaker A: He isn't guilty. Speaker B: Nor
is Tom. (Not Nor isn't Tom.)

2. Using 'Either'

Grammar: Pronoun + auxiliary/modal verb + Either

Speaker A’s Statement Speaker B

Derek isn't sleeping. I am not either.

Sandra cannot play the guitar. I can't either.

Jennifer hasn't eaten her sandwich. James hasn't either.

They shouldn't complain. We shouldn't either.

 Stephanie was not worried at all. Her husband wasn't either.

Mary and Sam won't attend the meeting. I will not either.

Dogs cannot fly. Cats can't either.

Answer the following statements:

UNIT 12
“Tag question”

Tag questions (or question tags) turn a statement into a question. They are often used for checking information

that we think we know is true.

Tag questions are made using an auxiliary verb (for example: be or have) and a subject pronoun (for example: I,

you, she). Negative question tags are usually contracted: It's warm today, isn't it (not 'is it not')
Complete the tag question: