21CB1503 FUNDAMENTALS OF MANAGEMENT LTPC3003

OBJECTIVES:
To familiarize fundamental management concepts and skills.
To understand the history, evolution and growth of management concepts
To learn the applications of different functions of Management
To study the different issues and challenges faced by modern managers
To enable students to use management principles to analyse complex managerial issues

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT 9

Definition, Nature and Scope, Functions, Managerial Roles, Levels of Management, Managerial
Skills, Challenges of Management; Evolution of Management- Classical Approach-Scientific and
Administrative Management; The Behavioral approach; The Quantitative approach; The Systems
Approach; Contingency Approach, IT Approach. Management in Global environment.
UNIT II PLANNING AND DECISION MAKING 9
General Framework for Planning -Planning Process, Types of Plans, Management by Objectives;
Development of Business Strategy. Goal Setting techniques. Decision making and Problem
Solving -Programmed and Non Programmed Decisions, Steps in Problem Solving and Decision
Making; Bounded Rationality and Influences on Decision Making; Group Problem Solving and
Decision Making.
UNIT III ORGANIZATION AND HRM 9
Principles of Organization: Organizational Design &Organizational Structures;
Departmentalization, Delegation; Empowerment, Centralization, Decentralization,
Recentralization; Organizational Culture; Organizational Climate and Organizational Change.
Human Resource Management & Business Strategy: Talent Management, Talent Management
Models and Strategic Human Resource Planning; Recruitment and Selection; Training and
Development; Performance Appraisal.
UNIT IV LEADING AND MOTIVATION 10
Leadership, Power and Authority, Leadership Styles; Behavioral Leadership, Situational
Leadership, Leadership Skills, Leader as Mentor and Coach, Leadership during adversity and
Crisis; Handling Employee and Customer Complaints, Leading Individuals and Groups; Team
Motivation -Types of Motivation; Relationship between Motivation, Performance and
Engagement, Content Motivational Theories -Needs Hierarchy Theory, Two Factor Theory,
Theory X and Theory Y.

UNIT V EMERGING CONCEPTS AND SKILL DEVELOPMEMT 8

Creativity-Innovation- Creativity and Innovation in Managerial Work ,Entrepreneurship,
Technology Management- Management Information Systems (MIS), Productivity Problems-
TQM, Kaizen, Six Sigma, 5S Concept, Use of computers and IT in Management Control-Work
Applications, Ethics and Social Responsibility.
TOTAL 45
PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of the course, the students will be able to :
CO1: Students will be able to define and explain the nature and scope of management,
including its functions and key managerial roles.
CO2: To enable students to understand the importance of planning, decision making, and
 problem-solving in effective management.
CO3: Able to analyze the role of bounded rationality, cognitive biases, and other influences
on decision making and problem solving.
CO4: To develop students' knowledge and skills in organizing, including organizational
design, structures, culture, and change management.
CO5: To enable students to understand the different leadership styles and skills, and to
develop their own leadership capabilities.
CO6: To introduce students to the concepts of creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship,
and to provide them with an understanding of technology management and the use of IT in
management control.

TEXT BOOK:
1. Management Fundamentals, Robert N Lussier, 5e, Cengage Learning, 2013.
2. Fundamentals of Management, Stephen P. Robbins, Pearson Education, 2009.
REFERENCES:
1. Essentials of Management, Koontz Kleihrich, Tata McGraw Hill.
2. Management Essentials, Andrew DuBrin, 9e, Cengage Learning, 2012
3. Management: Principles, Processes and Practices, Anil Bhat, Arya Kumar –Oxford University
Press-, 2008.
 UNIT-I -INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
Definition, Nature and Scope, Functions, Managerial Roles, Levels of Management, Managerial
Skills, Challenges of Management; Evolution of Management-Classical Approach-Scientific and
Administrative Management; The Behavioral approach; The Quantitative approach; The Systems
Approach; Contingency Approach, IT Approach.
PART-A
1. Define Management. (Remember)
According to Knootz and Weihrich “Management is the process of designing and
maintaining of an organization in which individuals working together in groups efficiently
accomplish selected aims”.
2. What is Scientific Management? (Understand)
Fredrick Winslow Taylor is called “Father of scientific management”. Taylor attempted a
more scientific approach to management as well as the problems and the approach was based
upon four basic principles.
i. Observation and measurement should be used in the organizations.
ii. The employees should be scientifically selected and trained.
iii. Due to scientific selection and training, an employee has the opportunity of
earning a high rate of pay.
iv. A mental revolution in the form of constant cooperation between the employer
and employees should be given the benefits of scientific management.
3. What are management levels? (Understand)
a) Top level management
b) Middle level management
c) Lower level management

4. Write some important functions of top level management? (Analyze)

a) To formulate goals and policies of the company
b) To formulate budgets
c) To appoint top executives

5. What are the essential skills needed for the managers? (Understand)
a) Technical Skill
b) Human Skill
c) Conceptual Skill

6. List the functions of Management. Planning (Analyze)

a) Organizing
b) Staffing
c) Coordinating
d) Controlling

7. What are the roles of manager? (Understand)

a) Interpersonal role
b) Informational role
c) Decisional role.
8. What is Multinational Corporation (MNC)? (Understand)
“An enterprise which own or control production or service facilities outside the country
in which they are based”.
10. List the different forms of Organizations. (Analyze)
a) Sole Proprietorship
b) Partnership
c) Joint-Stock Company
d) Co-operative Enterprise
e) Public Enterprise

11. Name the types of managers. (Analyze)

a) Top Manager
b) Middle Manager
c) Lower Manager

PART-B
1. Outline the various forms of business organization. (Understand)
2. Explain about the evolution of management. (Understand)
3. Enumerate Fayol’s principles of management. How are they different from Taylor
4. principles? Comment on them in brief.(Remember)
5. Explain in detail about Henry Fayol’s contribution towards classical approach towards
management. . (Understand)
6. Discuss the contributions made by Henry Fayol and F.W.Taylor to the field of
management. . (Understand)
7. Discuss Henry Fayol’s principles of management.
8. Explain the Levels of Management and functions of management. . (Understand)
9. Explain managerial skills and roles. . (Understand)
10. Explain the roles and social responsibility of a manager. . (Understand)

UNIT II-PLANNING AND DECISION MAKING

General Framework for Planning -Planning Process, Types of Plans, Management by Objectives;
Development of Business Strategy. Decision making and Problem Solving -Programmed and Non
Programmed Decisions, Steps in Problem Solving and Decision Making; Bounded Rationality and
Influences on Decision Making; Group Problem Solving and Decision Making, Creativity and
Innovation in Managerial Work.
PART A
1.Define planning. (Remember)
Planning is the process of selecting the objectives and determining the course of action
required to achieve these objective.
2.What are the objectives of planning? (Understand)
a) It helps in achieving objectives
 b) It is done to cope with uncertainly and change
c) It helps in facilitating control and coordination
d) Planning increase organizational effectiveness and guides in decision-making
3.What is meant by strategy? (Understand)
A strategy may also be defined as a special type of plan prepared for meeting the
challenge posted by the activities of competitors and other environmental factors
4.Define “policies”. (Remember)
Policies are general statement or understandings which provide guidance in
decisionmaking to various managers.
5.Define MBO. (Remember)
MBO is a process whereby superior and subordinate managers of an enterprise jointly
identify its common goals, define each individual’s major areas of responsibility in terms
of results expected of him, and use these measures as guides for operating the unit and
the contribution of each of its members is assessed.

6.List the steps in decision making process. (Analyze)

a) Recognize the need for a decision
b) Definition of the problem
c) Search and develop alternatives
d) Evaluate alternatives
e) Selecting an alternative course of action among alternatives Implement
chosen alternative
7.Name any four Quantitative forecasting techniques. . (Analyze)
Forecasting techniques fall into two categories: (i) quantitative and (ii) qualitative.
a) Time series analysis
b) Regression models
c) Econometric models
d) Economic indicators
e) Substitution effect

PART-B
1. Explain the general planning process adopted by the business organizations (Understand)
2. Discuss the steps involved in decision making process. (Analyze)
3. What is decision making? Explain the challenges in group decision making. (Understand)
4. (Understand)is planning? Discuss the steps involved in planning.
5. Explain in details various types of planning (Understand)
6. Write short notes on types of strategies. (Analyze)
7. What are the objectives of planning? Explain how you will set objectives for a
manufacturing organization. (Understand)
8. What is planning? Explain the steps involved in planning. How is operational planning
differ from strategic planning? (Understand)
9. Define MBO and explain the various steps involved in it. (Remember)
 UNIT III-ORGANIZATION AND HRM
Principles of Organization: Organizational Design &Organizational Structures;
Departmentalization, Delegation; Empowerment, Centralization, Decentralization,
Recentralization; Organizational Culture; Organizational Climate and Organizational Change.
Human Resource Management & Business Strategy: Talent Management, Talent Management
Models and Strategic Human Resource Planning; Recruitment and Selection; Training and
Development; Performance Appraisal.
PART A
1. Define Organization. (Remember)
Organizing is the process of identifying and grouping of activities required to attain the
objectives, delegating authority, creating responsibility and establishing relationships for the
people to work effectively.
2. Define Organization structure. (Remember)
An organizational structure defines how activities such as task allocation, coordination and
supervision are directed toward the achievement of organizational objectives. An organization can
be structured in many different ways, depending on its objectives. The structure of an organization
will determine the modes in which it operates and performs.
3. What is splintered authority? (Understand)
Division of authority between many managers is called as splintered authority. A manager
with splintered authority will have to deal with many other managers before decisions can be
finalized.
4. Define authority. (Remember)
This is the power that gives a manager the ability to act, execute on behalf of the
organization. This power enables managers to gain the confidence of their teams even in the
absence of formal/reward or penalty power.
5. What is staffing? (Understand)
Staffing is the part of the management process which is concerned with the procurement
utilization, maintenance and development of a large satisfied work force on the organization.
6. Explain how functional authority works in an organization.
Functional authority is permission to issue directions to people not under line supervision.
Such directions deal with specified activities or certain aspects of a company.
For Example: An industrial engineer may select equipment and prescribe the tools and the methods
to be used in production operations.
7. What are the limitations of line and staff authority? (Understand)
a) Advices ignored
b) Encourages carelessness
c) Expensive
d) Conflict between line and staff
8. Why performance management is important? (Analyze)
Performance management is important because it ensures that the employees understand
 the importance of their contributions to the organizational goals and objects and also ensures that
each employee understands what is expected from them and equally ascertaining whether the
employees possess the required skills and support for fulfilling such expectations.
9. What is line authority? (Understand)
Line authority is the direct authority which a superior exercises over a number of
subordinates to carry out orders and instructions. In organization process, authority is delegated
to the individuals to perform the activities.

PART-B
1. Explain the difference between line and staff organization with an examples. (Understand)
2. Discuss its merits and demerits. (Understand)
3. Explain the process involved in selecting and recruiting a graduate trainee in
organization. (Understand)
4. What is delegation of authority? Explain the process of delegation of authority.
(Understand)
5. Explain about performance appraisal. (Remember)
6. What is departmentation? Bring out the features of departmentation and explain
each with suitable example. (Understand)
7. Describe six key elements in organizational design. (Understand)
8. Elucidate any four types of organization. What is span of control? Explain the factors which
influence the span of control. (Analyze)

9. Describe a case in which matrix organization structure will be effective. Also discuss
the advantages and limitations of matrix organization. (Analyze)
10. Compare formal and informal organization. (Analyze)

UNIT IV-LEADING AND MOTIVATION

Leadership, Power and Authority, Leadership Styles; Behavioral Leadership, Situational
Leadership, Leadership Skills, Leader as Mentor and Coach, Leadership during adversity and
Crisis; Handling Employee and Customer Complaints, Team Motivation -Types of Motivation;
Relationship between Motivation, Performance and Engagement, Content Motivational Theories
- Needs Hierarchy Theory, Two Factor Theory, Theory X and Theory Y.
PART-A
1. Write shorts notes on Laissez-Faire leadership. (Understand)
When all the authority and responsibility are delegated to the subordinates is
known as Free rein leadership or Laissez-Faire leadership. These leaders do not use
power but leaves the power to subordinates. They do not provide any contribution to
make planning and policies.

2. What are the different types of management strategies involved in leadership? (Understand)
• Distribute responsibility
 • Be honest and open about information
• Create multiple paths for raising and testing ideas
• Develop opportunities for exercise based learning
3. Define motivation. (Remember)
According to Koontz and O’Donnell, “Motivation is a general term applying to
the entire class of drives, desires, needs wishes and similar forces that induce an
individual or a group of people to work”. Scott defines, “Motivation means a process
of stimulating people in action to accomplish desired goals”.
4. What are the types of motivation? (Understand)
a) Positive motivation
b) Negative motivation
c) Extrinsic motivation
d) Intrinsic motivation
5. What are the elements of communication? (Understand)

a) Encoding
b) Sender
c) Media or channel
d) Decoding
e) Receiver
f) Response
g) Feedback

6. What do you understand in the term “Job enrichment”? (Understand)

Job enrichment is based on the assumption that in order motivate personnel; the
job itself must provide opportunities for achievement, recognition, responsibility,
advancement and growth.
7. Define leadership. (Remember)
Leadership is the process of influencing the behavior of others towards the
accomplishment of goals in a given situation.

8. What is communication? (Understand)

Communication is passing of information from one person to another person.
9. State the need for communication.
a) To establish and spread goals of an enterprise widely.
b) To develop plans for further achievement.
c) To organize human and other resources in the most effective and efficient way.
d) To select, develop and apprise members of the organization.
10. What is meant by brain storming? (Understand)
Brainstorming is a situation where a group of people meet to generate new ideas
and solutions around a specific domain of interest by removing inhibitions. People are
able to think more freely and they suggest many spontaneous new ideas as possible.

11. . Define job enlargement. (Remember)

Job enlargement is a job design technique wherein there is an increase in the
 number o tasks associated with a certain job. In other words, it means increasing the
scope of
one’s duties and responsibilities. The increase in scope is quantitative in nature and not
qualitative and at the same level.
12. What is job satisfaction? (Understand)
It is as a pleasure or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of
one’s job or job experience. This acts as a motivation to work and also used to
maintaining and retaining the appropriate employees within the organization.

PART-B
1. What is motivation? Critically evaluate motivational theories. (Understand)
2. “Motivation is the core of Management” – Explain. What can be done to motivate the
staff in the Organization. (Rememeber)
Compare and contrast early theories of motivation. Explain the different styles of
Leadership
3. Explain the types of formal organizational communication(Understand)
4. Explain the different barriers of communication. What steps can be taken to overcome
such barriers(Understand)
5. What are the essential qualities of a good leader? (Understand)
6. Explain any one motivation theory and suggest how the motivation theory aid in
getting managers to motivate their staff.
7. Discuss the obstacles to leader flexibility and leader styles based on them.

8. Does motivation important for organization development / achievement? Justify your

answer with Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. (Analyze)
9. Explain any two theories of motivation. (Understand)

UNIT V-EMERGING CONCEPTS AND SKILL DEVELOPMEMT

Creativity-Innovation-Entrepreneurship, Technology Management- Management Information
Systems (MIS), Productivity Problems-TQM, Kaizen, Six Sigma, 5S Concept, Use of computers
and IT in Management Control-Work Applications, Ethics and Social Responsibility.
PART A
1. Define controlling. (Remember)
According to Koontz "Controlling to the measurement and correction of performance in order to
make sure that enterprise objectives and the plans devised to attain them are accomplished".

2. What are the characteristics of control? (Understand)

a) Control process is universal
b) Control is continuous process
c) Control is action based
d) Control is forward looking.
3. Mention any two requirements for effective control.
a) An effective control should focus on objectives.
b) The control system should be suitable to the needs of the organization.
c) It should forecast the future deviations and it should be forward-looking.
4. What is feed forward control? (Understand)
It attempts to identify and prevent deviations in the standards before they occur. It focuses on
human and financial resources within the organization.
5. List the basic types of control?
a) Feedback control
b) Concurrent control
c) Feed forward control
6. What is feedback control? (Understand)

Feedback control is the process of adjusting future action on basis of information about past
performance.

7. What are the requirements for effective control? (Understand)

The control should be:
a) Economical
b) It must be simple
c) It should be flexible
d) It should be clear objectives
8. What are the modern techniques of control? (Understand)
a) Management audit
b) Return on investment
c) PERT and CPM

9.Define budgetary control? (Remember)

According to J.Batty "a system which uses budgets as a means of planning and
controlling all aspects of producing and or selling commodities and services".
10.Define budget? (Remember)
According to J. Fred Meston "a budget is the expression of a firms plan is financial form for a
period of time in to the future".

11. What are the limitations of Budgeting? (Understand)

a) Inaccuracy
b) Expenditure
c) Distortion of goals

PART-B
1. Explain different Budgetary and non-budgetary control techniques (Understand)

2. Discuss various types of tools used to monitor and measure organizational performance.
(Analyze)
3. What is productivity? Explain the methods of improving productivity in IT industries.
4. What is controlling? Explain its outstanding future. Give an appropriate account of
the steps involved in the process controlling. (Understand)
“Planning is looking ahead but controlling is looking back.” Explain. (Understand)
5. Explain i) PERT ii) Zero base budgeting. (Understand)

(i) Write short notes on:

(ii) Control of productivity problems and management
(iii) Direct and preventive control.
6. Explain various types of control techniques. (Understand)
7. Explain the different impact of Information Technology on Management control.
(Understand)