Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education

SPA MEDIA ARTS 7

8 Quarter 4- Module 1
Storytelling with Images using
Central Luzon Rituals and Folklores
(Week 1- 8)

1
 DISCLAIMER

The Department of Education (DepEd) Region III confronts educational issues and
challenges brought about by COVID-19 as it moves forward through Learning Continuity
Plan (LCP) with “Sulong Edukalidad” battle cry.

LCP is DepEd Region III’s response to health, well-being, and other safety protocols for
learners, teachers, and personnel in ensuring that education progresses through
appropriate modes of learning amidst pandemic where no one is spared.

As DepEd Region III embraces blended learning as the main mode of learning, the modular
approach promises to be an efficient and effective modality that students and teachers can
make use of.

Under DepEd's printed modular learning system, students shall be provided with self-
learning materials (SLMs) for all subject areas per quarter while not discounting online,
radio, television, and broadcast media as other suitable learning and teaching modalities
options.

While quality assured Self-Directed Learning Modules for Special Programs in the Arts
(SPA) are yet to release from the DepEd Central Office, DepEd RO III has taken the
initiative to develop contextualized SPA Modules.

The Curriculum and Learning Management Division (CLMD), through education

supervisors, select writers from SPA implementers across Schools Division Offices of
Region III, sought technical help and support from National Commission for Culture and
Arts (NCCA) artists and experts to develop, validate, and finalize contextualized SPA
modules for Region III learners.

The forgoing module is one of the several outputs on the conduct of series of Write shops
on the Development, Validation, and Finalization of Learning Modules of Special Programs
in the Arts (SPA) for the 3rd and 4th, specifically for the first phase on February 15-19 and
22-26, 2021 and the second phase on April 26-30, 2021.

Said modules are developed based on the Most Essential Learning Competencies
(MELCs) identified by DepEd. Select SPA coordinators and writers led the writing of the
modules that went beyond the schedules of said webinars. It is also noteworthy to mention
that the NCCA experts and artists went out of their time and busy schedules just to extend
technical support to validate and quality assure the said modules.

Should there be any mistake, error, misrepresentation found in the foregoing module,
suggestions for corrections and improvements are welcome gestures. The public is
ensured of immediate and prompt action to correct such errors and inform those areas
affected.

This contextualized module implores the Fair Use Policy as it is intended for educational
use and not for any commercial purpose or intent; hence, the sources are properly quoted,
mentioned, and referred to in this material for copyright and credit reference.

Parents, guardians, and those who wish to help improve this material or those who believe
that any part of the module appeared infringed or was used in any unauthorized manner
and not properly referred to may contact CLMD via [email protected].

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 Module Development Team

Head/Lead Writers: Bernabe S. Castillo

Rogelio O. Ladiero

SPA Writers/Authors: Joanna Marie C. Artes

Pilipinas Mendoza
Rea Carl D. Pascual

Content Editors & NCCA Evaluators/Validators:

Jose Antonio Garcia
Imelda Garcia

English Critics/Editors: Rachelle Pecson- Musngi

Mailyn D. Dela Cruz, EdD
Julie Anne L. Tonel
Angela M. Pascua

Illustrators: Joanna Marie C. Artes

Pilipinas P. Mendoza
Rea Carl D. Pascual

Layout Artist: Joanna Marie C. Artes

Pilipinas P. Mendoza
Rea Carl D. Pascual

Management Team:

Regional Director: May Batenga-Eclar, PhD, CESO III

Asst. Regional Director: Rhoda T. Razon, EdD, CESO V

CLMD Chief: Librada M. Rubio, PhD

Regional Supervisor (SPA): Engelbert B. Agunday, EdD

Department of Education Region III Office – Central Luzon

Office Address: Matalino St., D. M. Government Center, Maimpis,

City of San Fernando, Pampanga
Telephone Number: (045) 598-8580 to 89
Email Address: [email protected]

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 7

SPA MEDIA ARTS

Quarter 4- Module 1
Storytelling with Images using
Central Luzon Rituals and Folklores
(Week 1 to 8)

4
LESSON
LESSON Storytelling Principles,
1 Structures and Styles
(Weeks 1-2)

OBJECTIVES:

A. Content Standards
Understand concepts and principles of storytelling using images and visuals
from festivals, rituals and folklore as applied in a local and regional context
• Storytelling principles
• Basic story structures & styles
• Using graphics and photographs to tell a story
B. Performance Standards
Produce and relates a story utilizing visual tools to effectively communicate a
message, idea or emotion of festivals, rituals and folklore.
C. Most Essential Learning Competencies
a. Identify the story telling principles, structures and styles;
b. Describe story elements from local stories, rituals and folklores; and
c. Create a story using graphics and photographs.

REVIEW:
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answers using your activity
notebook.

1. What do you call the sequence of events in a story or play?

a. Settings b. Plot c. Character d. Theme
2. What do you call the traditional beliefs, customs, and stories of a community, passed through
the generations by word of mouth?
a. Legend b. Folklore c. News d. Story
3. It is the intentional use of pictures and words assembled into a story.
a. Essay b. Photo story c. Climax d. Rituals
4. Is storytelling can be combined with other forms of art?
a. Yes b. No
5. The legend of Alitaptap, came from what province in Region III?
a. Nueva Ecija B. Pampanga C. Bataan d. Bulacan
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INITIAL TASK:
Directions: Create your own definition of “Storytelling” based
on this image. Use 2-3 sentences in giving your definition.

Answer: ___________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
©depositphotos.com

INTRODUCTION:
According to the National Storytelling Network, the word “storytelling” is the
interactive art of using words and actions to reveal the elements and images of a story
while encouraging the listener’s imagination. It's also the method of conveying knowledge
to your audience by mixing reality and narrative. Some tales are true, while others are
embellished or made up to help illustrate the central message. Storytelling is an ancient
art form that can be found in all cultures and societies. Stories are a common language
that anyone may understand, regardless of dialect, hometown, or ancestry.

Here are the following guidelines in storytelling:

a. Storytelling Is Interactive.

- A storyteller interacts with one or more listeners in a two-way conversation. The story is
influenced by the reactions of the audience. In reality, storytelling arises from the
storyteller's and audience's engagement and cooperative, organized efforts.

b. Storytelling Presents A Story.

- A plot—a narrative—is often portrayed when telling a story. The story can be told in a
variety of ways, but storytelling is unique in that it also includes the other four elements.
Every culture has its own version of the story. In one case, what is accepted as a story
cannot be accepted in another.

c. Storytelling Encourages The Active Imagination Of The Listeners.

- In storytelling, the listener imagines the plot. The audience, on the other hand, enjoys the
illusion that he or she is actually observing the character or events depicted the story in
the most conventional theater or in a typical dramatic film.

Storytelling and other types of art may be mixed. The creation of ways to combine
storytelling with drama, music, dance, comedy, puppetry, and to some other modes of
speech is one of the fruits of a flourishing contemporary storytelling movement. The
meaning of storytelling remains identifiable as the intersection of the five elements, even
as it blends imperceptibly into other arts.

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DISCUSSION OF THE LESSON:

Stories stimulate imagination and passion and create a sense of community among
listeners and tellers alike. According to Hannah Wilber, storytelling consider different
principles so here are the following principles in storytelling:

1. Connect with your audience

Create a title that is both active and descriptive. Instead of putting your core
principles at the end, start with them. Outbound hyperlinks should be placed at the end of
your introduction to avoid distracting readers from beginning to navigate through your story.
Make sure your text, maps, and other material are suitable for your target audience. Use
plain words instead of jargon. It's not about dumbing things down; rather, it's about
pursuing clarity and simplicity. Begin your tale with a bang. Select a picture that is both
thrilling and appealing.

2. Choose the best user experience

Story Map Series is the best option if you want your viewers to be able to compare
various maps. Using Story Map Cascade for a long, less organized narrative that people
read like a web page. Look through all of our models to see which one fits best for you.

3. Make easy-to-read maps

Make your maps as concise, simple, and user-friendly as possible, while integrating
cartography that is suitable for your project. Remove any unwanted information from your
map.

5. Strive for simplicity

Distillations are stories. You can interact more easily if you delete non-essential
elements. In this digital age, keep in mind that people's attention spans are short. Reduce
the length of your text to make your maps easier to understand—and then do it all over
again

Types of Storytelling

You must first understand the roots of good storytelling before you can learn how to
tell a great story. Since the dawn of human civilization, we've used these forms of storytelling
to tell better stories:

1. Oral storytelling: The spoken word is one of the oldest

ways of storytelling. Members of ancient societies will
enthrall one another by telling stories through music,
chant, and poetry recitation. These oral traditions will be
handed down from generation to generation. This style Campfire clipart
storytelling,
of storytelling may be used to tell any kind of story. © webstockreview.net
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 People would flock to a great storyteller like Homer in Ancient Greece, who would
forge an emotional bond with his audience while telling them a great story of epic
battles and lost love. Oral storytelling, on the other hand, is a way for real people
to share stories about their own lives. 1. With the emergence of modern modes
of technology such as radio and podcasts, oral storytelling can now reach millions
of people all at once.

2. Visual storytelling: Humans have told visual

stories for tens of thousands of years, as visual
media represents a simple way to tell a good
story. Ancient cave paintings depicted animals,
figures with human characteristics, and real-life
stories with themes of survival on cave walls. As
society progressed, the evolution of storytelling
progressed along with it. The hieroglyphs of
ancient Egypt communicated information and told a
© writingcooperative.com
complex, engaging story composed of pictographic
symbols representing both sounds and characters.
This art of storytelling has evolved even further through the modern mediums of
film and television, which offer an advanced, powerful way for a good storyteller
to tell a compelling story.

3. Written storytelling: There have been written

stories for as long as there have been written
words. Oral and visual forms of storytelling were
transcribed into written short stories and epics as
societies formed alphabets. The fables of Aesop,
for example, originated in oral history but were
compiled and transcribed centuries later. The
printing press ushered in a modern age of mass
media, in which diverse forms of stories—from fairy © writingcooperative.com
tales to newspapers to novels—reach global
audiences and forever change the past of storytelling.

4. Digital storytelling: Technology is a versatile medium that has changed the way
that we tell stories. The rise of television, film, and radio has provided great
storytellers a broader audience than ever and has, in turn, contributed to the rise
of new and creative storytelling techniques. With a single click of a mouse, the
internet provides us with access to a seemingly infinite library of compelling
stories from across human history. 1. The proliferation of blogging and social
media in particular has reframed the types of stories we engage with on a regular
basis, despite the fact that they are all forms of written storytelling. Every day,
millions of people use Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook to share their personal
stories and points of view. We're just storytellers on social media, trying to put
together our own origin story one message at a time. We hone our storytelling
skills with each tweet and status update, which we've been honing for millennia.

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 Elements of a Short Story

1. Setting - The time and location in which a story takes place is called the setting. For
some stories the setting is very important, while for others
it is not. There are several aspects of a story's setting to
consider when examining how setting contributes to a
story (some, or all, may be present in a story.

©https://www.kissclipart.com/-

Setting in The Story Suan The Good Guesser: Pampanga, school, roadside

2. Plot

A plot is how the author arranges events to develop his basic idea; it is the sequence
of events in a story or play. It is also a planned, logical series of events having a beginning,
middle, and end. The short story usually has one plot so it can be read in one sitting. There
are six (6) essential parts of plot:

• Exposition - The beginning of the story where the characters and the setting are
revealed.
• Inciting Force -An incident of great importance to the central character, one
compelling him or her to act.
• Rising Action - This is where the events in the story become complicated and the
conflict in the story is revealed (events between the introduction and climax).
• Climax - This is the highest point of interest and the turning point of the story. The
reader wonders what will happen next; will the conflict be resolved or not?
• Falling Action - The events and complications begin to resolve themselves. The
reader knows what has happened next and if the conflict was resolved or not
(events between climax and denouement).
• Denouement - This is the final outcome or untangling of events in the story.

Climax

Rising Action Falling Action

Inciting Force
Denouement

Exposition

• Exposition - There was once an old woman who had an only son named Suan.
Suan was a clever, sharp-witted boy. His mother sent him to school. Instead of
going to school, however, Suan climbed up the tree that stood by the roadside
• Inciting Force - his mother began to believe in his skill as a diviner.
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 • Rising Action - One day the ring of the Datu’s daughter disappeared. All the people
in the locality searched for it, but in vain. The Datu called for volunteers to find the
lost ring, and he offered his daughter’s hand as a prize to the one who should
succeed. Suan’s mother heard of the proclamation. So she went to the palace and
presented Suan to the Datu.
• Climax - One day the Datu proposed a bet with anyone who wished to prove Suan’s
skill
• Falling Action - The next morning Suan was summoned into the presence of the
two datus. He had no idea whatever as to what was in the ball; so he said scornfully,
“Nonsense!”
• Denouement - Consequently Suan won the fourteen cascos full of gold. From now on,
nobody doubted Suan’s merit.

3. Conflict
Conflict is essential to plot. Without conflict there is no plot. It is the opposition of forces
that ties one incident to another and makes the plot move. Conflict is not merely limited to
open arguments; rather it is any form of opposition that faces the main character. Within a
short story there may be only one central struggle, or there may be one dominant struggle
with many minor ones.

Two Types of Conflict:

• External - A struggle with a force outside one's self.

• Internal - A struggle within one's self; a person must make some decision,
overcome pain, quiet their temper, resist an urge, etc.

Four Types of Sub-Conflict:

• Person vs. Person (physical) - The leading character struggles with his physical
strength against other men, forces of nature, or animals.
• Person vs. Circumstances (classical) - The leading character struggles against
fate, or the circumstances of life facing him/her.
• Person vs. Society (social) - The leading character struggles against before ideas,
practices, or customs of other people.
• Person vs. Himself/ Herself (psychological) - The leading character struggles with
himself/herself; with his/her own soul, ideas of right or wrong, physical limitations,
choices, etc.

3. Character
Writers develop their characters in several ways. These include:
• the character’s physical description
• the character’s thoughts
• the character’s reaction to events
• the character’s conversation
• the character’s actions
• the reaction of others to the character

Characters in The Story Suan The Good Guesser:

Suan, Suan’s mother, Datu, soldier

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4. Theme

The theme in a piece of fiction is its controlling idea or its central insight. It is the
author's underlying meaning or main idea that he is trying to convey. The theme may be
the author's thoughts about a topic or view of human nature.

• The title of the short story usually points to what the writer is saying and he may use
various figures of speech to emphasize his theme, such as symbol, allusion, simile,
metaphor, hyperbole, or irony.

• A theme can be expressed in one or two simple statements about human beings
and/or life.

Theme in the story Suan the Good Guesser

INDEPENDENT PRACTICE:

Arguilla, M. (1940). How my brother

Leon brought home a wife
https://www.storyboardthat.co
m/storyboards/angelangel/ho
w-my-brother-leon-brought-
home-a-wife-

Independent Activity 1

a. Using your knowledge about the elements of stories, create a short story
based on the given picture. Write your story on a separate sheet of paper.

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____________________________________
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LESSON Folklores of Central Luzon
2 (Week 3-4)

DISCUSSION OF THE LESSON:

Folklores and Myths in Central Luzon

Suan’s Good Luck

Narrated by Macaria Garcia. The story is popular among the Pampangans .

There was once an old woman who had an only son named Suan. Suan was a
clever, sharp-witted boy. His mother sent him to school. Instead of going to school,
however, Suan climbed up the tree that stood by the roadside. As soon as his mother had
passed by from the market, Suan hurried home ahead of her. When she reached home,
he cried, “Mother, I know what you bought in the market to-day.” He then told her, article
by article. This same thing happened so repeatedly, that his mother began to believe in his
skill as a diviner.
One day the ring of the Datu’s daughter disappeared. All the people in the locality
searched for it, but in vain. The Datu called for volunteers to find the lost ring, and he
offered his daughter’s hand as a prize to the one who should succeed. Suan’s mother
heard of the proclamation. So she went to the palace and presented Suan to the Datu.
“Well, Suan, tomorrow tell me where the ring is,” said the Datu. “Yes, my lord, I will tell you,
if you will give your soldiers over to me for tonight,” Suan replied. “You shall have
everything you need,” said the Datu.
That evening Suan ordered the soldiers to stand around him in a semicircle. When
all were ready, Suan pointed at each one of them, and said, “The ring is here, and nowhere
else.” It so happened that Suan fixed his eyes on the guilty soldier, who trembled and
became pale. “I know who has it,” said Suan. Then he ordered them to retire. Late in the
night this soldier came to Suan, and said, “I will get the ring you are in search of, and will
give it to you if you will promise me my safety.” “Give it to me, and you shall be safe,” said
Suan.
Very early the next morning Suan came to the palace with a turkey in his arms.
“Where is the ring?” the Datu demanded. “Why, sir, it is in this turkey’s intestines,” Suan
replied. The turkey was then killed, and the ring was found inside it. “You have done very
well, Suan. Now you shall have my daughter’s hand,” said the Datu. So Suan became the
princess’s husband.
One day the Datu proposed a bet with anyone who wished to prove Suan’s skill.
Accordingly, another Datu came. He offered to bet seven cascos of treasure that Suan
could not tell the number of seeds that were in his orange. Suan did not know what to do.
At midnight he went secretly to the cascos. Here he heard their conversation, and from it
he learned the number of seeds in the orange. In the morning Suan said boastfully, “I tell
you, your orange has nine seeds.” Thus, Suan won the whole treasure.

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 The Legend of Alitaptap
(Valley of Pinak, Central Luzon)
Once, a long time ago, in the valley of Pinak in
Central Luzon, one of the islands of the Philippines,
there was a deep, large lake rich with fish. There, the
people of Pinak fished for their food, and always, there
was plenty for all. Then suddenly, the big river dried
up. In the shallow mud, there was not a fish to catch!
For months, there was no rains. Out in the fields, the
land turned dry. The rice stalks slowly withered.
Everywhere in Pinak, there was hunger. Night after
night, the people of Pinak prayed hard.
Clark, J. (2017, November 30). The Heartbreaking
“Dear Bathala,” they would recite together in Story of ALITAPTAP: A Bataan Legend.
THE ASWANG PROJECT.
their small and poorly built chapel, “send us rains, give https://www.aswangproject.com/legend-
us food to eat for the people are starving, and there is of-the-firefly/
want among us all.”

Then one black and starless night, the good Bathala answered the prayers of the faithful
people of Pinak. For suddenly, up in the skies, appeared a blaze of gold.
“A chariot! A chariot of gold!” shouted the people in fear and wonder.

True enough-zooming and blazing through the sky, was a beautiful chariot made of pure,
glittering gold! The people started to flee in panic, when a big voice boomed from the chariot:
“I am a Bulan-hari, and I have come with my wife, Bitu-in. We are sent from the heavens to rule
Pinak from now on. We have come to give you a good life!”
As Bulan-hari spoke, the black skies opened. The rains fell in torrents. Soon the dry fields
bloomed fresh again. The large lake rose till it was again deep and alive with fish. The people of
Pinak were happy once more under the rulership of the good Bulan-hari. Soon Bulan-hari and Bitu-
in had a daughter. She grew up to be a beautiful maiden. Such long, dark hair! Such lovely eyes
under long, curly lashes! Her nose was chiseled fine. Her lips were like rosebuds. Her skin was
soft and fair like cream. They named her Alitaptap, for on her forehead was a bright, sparkling star.
All the young, brave, and handsome men of Pinak fell in love with Alitaptap. They worshipped her
beauty. They sang songs of love beneath her windows. They all sought to win her heart.
But, alas! The heart of Alitaptap was not human. She was the daughter of Bulan-hari and
Bitu-in who burst from the sky and were not of the earth. She has a heart of stone, as cold and
hard as the sparkling star carved in her forehead. Alitaptap would never know love. Then one day,
an old woman arrived in the palace. Her hair was long and dirty. Her clothing was tattered and
soiled. Before the King Bulan-hari, Balo-na, the old, wise woman whined in her high and sharp
voice.

“Oh, mighty king! I have come from my cave in the mountains. I have journeyed on foot to bring
you sad news!”
Bulan-hari asked in fear, “What is it, wise woman?”
“I can see in my crystal ball that the future will bring ruin and sorrow. The warriors from the land of
La-ut will come on their mighty horses with their mighty swords and conquer our mighty men. They
will destroy our crops, throw poison in the lake, and bring ruin everywhere!”
“Oh, wise woman,” the king replied in despair, “what are we to do?”
“Alitaptap must bear a son. Only he can grew up to be the people’s leader. He will conquer all
invaders, and keep the peace in our land!”
At once, Alitaptap! You must pick one of the young men to marry. You must bear a son. He will
keep the peace and happiness our people now enjoy!”

But how could Alitaptap understand? The beautiful maiden with a heart of stone merely stood in
silence. Bulan-hari gripped his sword in blind despair. “Alitaptap!” he bellowed in the quiet palace.
“You will follow me, or you will lie dead this very minute!”
13
 But nothing could stir the lovely young woman’s heart. Bulan-hari, bling with anger nand
fear of the dark future, finally drew his sword. Clang! The steel of his sword’s blade rang in the
silence of the big palace. It hit the star on Alitaptap’s lovely forehead! The star burst! Darkness was
everywhere! Suddenly a thousand chips of glitter and light flew around the hall. Only the shattered
pieces of the star on Alitaptap forehead lighted the great hall, flickering around as though they were
stars with tiny wings. Alitaptap, the lovely daughter sent from the heavens, lay dead. And soon,
Balo-na’s predictions came true. Riding on stamping wild horses, the warriors of La-ut came like
the rumble and clash of lightning and thunder. They killed the people of Pinak, ruined the crops,
poison the lake. They spread sorrow and destruction everywhere. When it all ended, the beautiful,
peaceful valley of Pinak had turned into an empty and shallow swamp. At night, there was nothing
but darkness, but soon, tiny sparkles of light flickered and glimmered brightly in the starless night.

And so, the fireflies came about. Once, a long time ago, they were fragments from the star
on the forehead of Bulan-hari’s daughter, the beautiful Alitapap.

Juan Manalaksan

(Narrated by Anicio Pascual of Arayat, Pampanga, who heard the story from an old
Pampangan woman.)

Once upon a time there lived in a certain village a brave and powerful Datu who had only
one son. The son was called Pedro. In the same place lived a poor woodcutter’s whose name was
Juan Manalaksan.
Pedro was rich, and had no work to do. He often diverted himself by hunting deer and wild
boars in the forests and mountains. Juan got his living by cutting trees in the forests. One day the
Datu and his son went to the mountain to hunt. They took with them many dogs and guns. They
did not take any food, however, for they felt sure of catching something to eat for their dinner. When
they reached the mountain, Pedro killed a deer. By noon they had become tired and hungry, so
they went to a shady place to cook their game. While he was eating, Pedro choked on a piece of
meat. The father cried out loudly, for he did not know what to do for his dying son. Juan, who was
cutting wood nearby, heard the shout. He ran quickly to help Pedro, and by pulling the piece of
meat out of his throat he saved Pedro’s life. Pedro was grateful, and said to Juan, “To-morrow
come to my palace, and I will give you a reward for helping me.” The next morning Juan set out for
the palace. On his way he met an old woman, who asked him where he was going. “I am going to
Pedro’s house to get my reward,” said Juan. “Do not accept any reward of money or wealth,” said
the old woman, “but ask Pedro to give you the glass which he keeps in his right armpit. The glass
is magical. It is as large as a peso, and has a small hole in the center. If you push a small stick
through the hole, giants who can give you anything you want will surround you.” Then the old
woman left Juan, and went on her way.
As soon as Juan reached the palace, Pedro said to him, “Go to that room and get all the
money you want.” But Juan answered, “I do not want you to give me any money. All I want is the
glass which you keep in your right armpit.” “Very well,” said Pedro, “here it is.” glass, he hurried
back home. When Juan had received the
Juan reached his hut in the woods, and found his mother starving. He quickly thought of his
magic glass, and, punching a small stick through the hole in the glass, he found himself surrounded
by giants. “Be quick, and get me some food for my mother!” he said to them.
For a few minutes the giants were gone, but soon they came again with their hands full of food.
Juan took it and gave it to his mother; but she ate so much, that she became sick, and died. In a
neighboring village ruled another powerful Datu, who had a beautiful daughter. One day the Datu
fell very ill. As no doctor could cure him, he sent his soldiers around the country to say that the man
who could cure him should have his daughter for a wife. Juan heard the news, and, relying on his
charm, went to cure the Datu. On his way, he asked the giants for medicine to cure the sick ruler.
When he reached the palace, the Datu said to him, “If I am not cured, you shall be killed.” Juan
agreed to the conditions, and told the Datu to swallow the medicine which he gave him. The Datu
did so, and at once became well again. The next morning Juan was married to the Datu’s daughter.
Juan took his wife to live with him in his small hut in the woods. One day he went to the forest to
cut trees, leaving his wife and magic glass at home. While Juan was away in the forest, Pedro
14
ordered some of his soldiers to go get the wood-cutter’s wife and magic glass. When Juan returned
in the evening, he found his wife and glass gone. One of his neighbors told him that his wife had
been taken away by some soldiers. Juan was very angry, but he could not avenge himself without
his magical glass. At last he decided to go to his father-in-law and tell him all that had happened to
his wife. On his way there, he met an old mankukulam, who asked him where he was going. Juan
did not tell her, but related to her all that had happened to his wife and glass while he was in the
forest cutting trees.
The mankukulam said that she could help him. She told him to go to a certain tree and catch the
king of the cats. She furthermore advised him, “Always keep the cat with you.” Juan followed her
advice. One day Pedro’s father commanded his soldiers to cut off the ears of all the men in the
village, and said that if any one refused to have his ears cut off, he should be placed in a room full
of rats. The soldiers did as they were ordered, and in time came to Juan’s house; but, as Juan was
unwilling to lose his ears, he was seized and placed in a room full of rats. But he had his cat with
him all the time. As soon as he was shut up in the room, he turned his cat loose. When the rats
saw that they would all be killed, they said to Juan, “If you will tie your cat up there in the corner,
we will help you get whatever you want.” Juan tied his cat up, and then said to the rats, “Bring me
all the glasses in this village.” The rats immediately scampered away to obey him. Soon each of
them returned with a glass in its mouth. One of them was carrying the magical glass. When Juan
had his charm in his hands again, he pushed a small stick through the hole in the glass, and ordered
the giants to kill Pedro and his father, and bring him his wife again. Thus Juan got his wife back.
They lived happily together till they died.
Juan the Poor, who became Juan the King. Narrated by Amando Clemente, a Tagalog, who
heard the story from his aunt. Once upon a time there lived in a small hut at the edge of a forest a
father and son. The poverty of that family gave the son his name, –Juan the Poor.
As the father was old and feeble, Juan had to take care of the household affairs; but there
were times when he did not want to work. One day, while Juan was lying behind their fireplace, his
father called him, and told him to go to the forest and get some fire-wood. “Very well,” said Juan,
but he did not move from his place. After a while the father came to see if his son had gone, but he
found him still lying on the floor. “When will you go get that fire-wood, Juan?” “Right now, father,”
answered the boy. The old man returned to his room. As he wanted to make sure, however,
whether his son had gone or not, he again went to see. When he found Juan in the same position
as before, he became very angry, and said, -” Juan, if I come out again and find you still here, I
shall surely give you a whipping.” Juan knew well that his father would punish him if he did not go;
so he rose up suddenly, took his axe, and went to the forest. When he came to the forest, he
marked every tree that he thought would be good for fuel, and then he began cutting. While he was
chopping at one of the trees, he saw that it had a hole in the trunk, and in the hole he saw something
glistening. Thinking that there might be gold inside the hole, he hastened to cut the tree down; but
a monster came out of the hole as soon as the tree fell. When Juan saw the unexpected being, he
raised his axe to kill the monster. Before giving the blow, he exclaimed, “Aha! Now is the time for
you to die.” The monster moved backward when it saw the blow ready to fall, and said, –
“Good sir, forbear, and my life spare, if you wish a happy life and, besides, a pretty wife.”
Juan lowered his axe, and said, “Oho! is that so?” “Yes, I swear,” answered the monster.
“But what is it, and where is it?” said Juan, raising his axe, and feigning to be angry, for he was
anxious to get what the monster promised him. The monster told Juan to take from the middle of
his tongue a white oval stone. From it he could ask for and get whatever he wanted to have. Juan
opened the monster’s mouth and took the valuable stone. Immediately the monster disappeared.
The young man then tested the virtues of his charm by asking it for some men to help him work.
As soon as he had spoken the last word of his command, there appeared many persons, some of
whom cut down trees, while others carried the wood to his house. When Juan was sure that his
house was surrounded by piles of fire-wood, he dismissed the men, hurried home, and lay down
again behind the fireplace.
He had not been there long, when his father came to see if he had done his work. When
the old man saw his son stretched out on the floor, he said, “Juan have we fire-wood now?” “Just
look out of the window and see, father!” said Juan. Great was the surprise of the old man when he
saw the large piles of wood about his house. The next day Juan, remembering the pretty wife of
which the monster had spoken, went to the king’s palace, and told the king that he wanted to marry
his daughter. The king smiled scornfully when he saw the rustic appearance of the suitor, and said,
“If you will do what I shall ask you to do, I will let you marry my daughter.” “What are your Majesty’s
commands for me?” said Juan. “Build me a castle in the middle of the bay; but know, that, if it is
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not finished in three days’ time, you lose your head,” said the king sternly. Juan promised to do the
work. Two days had gone by, yet Juan had not yet commenced his work. For that reason, the king
believed that Juan did not object to losing his life; but at midnight of the third day, Juan bade his
stone build a fort in the middle of the bay. The next morning, while the king was taking his bath,
cannon-shots were heard. After a while Juan appeared before the palace, dressed like a prince.
When he saw the king, he said, “The fort is ready for your inspection.” “If that is true, you shall be
my son-in-law,” said the king. After breakfast the king, with his daughter, visited the fort, which
pleased them very much.
The following day the ceremonies of Juan’s marriage with princess Maria were held with
much pomp and solemnity. Shortly after Juan’s wedding a war broke out. Juan led the army of the
king his father-in-law to the battlefield, and with the help of his magical stone he conquered his
mighty enemy. The defeated general went home full of sorrow. As he had never been defeated
before, he thought that Juan must possess some supernatural power. When he reached home,
therefore, he issued a proclamation which stated that anyone who could get Juan’s power for him
should have one-half of his property as a reward. A certain witch, who knew of Juan’s secret, heard
of the proclamation. She flew to the general, and told him that she could do what he wanted done.
On his agreeing, she flew to Juan’s house one hot afternoon, where she found Maria alone, for
Juan had gone out hunting. The old woman smiled when she saw Maria, and said, “Do you not
recognize me, pretty Maria? I am the one who nursed you when you were a baby.”
The princess was surprised at what the witch said, for she thought that the old woman was
a beggar. Nevertheless, she believed what the witch told her, treated the repulsive woman kindly,
and offered her cake and wine; but the witch told Maria not to go to any trouble, and ordered her
to rest. So Maria lay down to take a siesta. With great show of kindness, the witch fanned the
princess till she fell asleep. While Maria was sleeping, the old woman took from underneath the
pillow the magical stone, which Juan had forgotten to take along with him. Then she flew to the
general, and gave the charm to him. He, in turn, rewarded the old woman with one-half his riches.
Meanwhile, as Juan was enjoying his hunt in the forest, a huge bird swooped down on him and
seized his horse and clothes.
When the bird flew away, his inner garments were changed back again into his old wood-
cutter’s clothes. Full of anxiety at this ill omen, and fearing that some misfortune had befallen his
wife, he hastened home on foot as best he could. When he reached his house, he found it vacant.
Then he went to the king’s palace, but that too he found deserted. For his stone he did not know
where to look. After a few minutes of reflection, he came to the conclusion that all his troubles were
caused by the general whom he had defeated in battle. He also suspected that the officer had
somehow or other got possession of his magical stone. Poor Juan then began walking toward the
country where the general lived. Before he could reach that country, he had to cross three
mountains. While he was crossing the first mountain, a cat came running after him, and knocked
him down. He was so angry at the animal, that he ran after it, seized it, and dashed its life out
against a rock. When he was crossing the second mountain, the same cat appeared and knocked
him down a second time. Again Juan seized the animal and killed it, as before; but the same cat
that he had killed twice before tumbled him down a third time while he was crossing the third
mountain. Filled with curiosity, Juan caught the animal again: but, instead of killing it this time, he
put it inside the bag he was carrying, and took it along with him. After many hours of tiresome
walking, Juan arrived at the castle of the general, and knocked at the door. The general asked him
what he wanted. Juan answered, “I am a poor beggar, who will be thankful if I can have only a
mouthful of rice.” The general, however, recognized Juan. He called his servants, and said, “Take
this wretched fellow to the cell of rats.” The cell in which Juan was imprisoned was very dark; and
as soon as the door was closed, the rats began to bite him. But Juan did not suffer much from
them; for, remembering his cat, he let it loose. The cat killed all the rats except their king, which
came out of the hole last of all. When the cat saw the king of the rats, it spoke thus: “Now you shall
die if you do not promise to get for Juan his magical stone, which your master has stolen.” “Spare
my life, and you shall have the stone!” said the king of the rats. “Go and get it, then!” said the cat.
The king of the rats ran quickly to the room of the general, and took Juan’s magical stone from the
table. As soon as Juan had obtained his stone, and after he had thanked the king of the rats, he
said to his stone, “Pretty stone, destroy this house with the general and his subjects, and release
my father-in-law and wife from their prison.” Suddenly the earth trembled and a big noise was
heard. Not long afterwards Juan saw the castle destroyed, the general and his subjects dead, and
his wife and his father-in-law free.

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 Taking with him the cat and the king of the rats, Juan went home happily with Maria his wife
and the king his father-in-law. After the death of the king, Juan ascended to the throne, and ruled
wisely. He lived long happily with his lovely wife.

The Dueling Dual Volcanoes

"The great war in heaven started, they were siblings (I don't know if they are brothers or
brothers and sisters...but they were siblings) Aldau (the Sun) and Bulan (the Moon) were fighting
for control of the earth.
From the heavens they descended on the banks of the great river, from which they pulled
out two bamboo poles each. In the ensuing battle, Aldau, the sun had struck the light out of one of
Bulan's eyes and its brightness dimmed. Aldau was victorious and Bulan surrendered.
Magnanimous, Aldau lifted his capatad up and divided his rule between himself and Bulan. He
even let Bulan sit on the throne first. Thus Bulan ruled by bengi (night) and Aldau ruled by aldau
(day).
They settled on the two sacred mountains of the great riverbank plains. On earth, Aldau
chose as his abode Alaya, the center, the navel of the world. Thus the words 'paralaya' meaning
going towards Alaya, the home, the base, the navel, and 'padauba' which means to go away from
the center, or to go down to the flatlands. Paralaya also came to mean east since it is the abode of
the sun.
On earth, Aldau came to be called by man as Apung Sukû meaning antiquity or even
summit or zenith. Bulan, on the one hand settled on the source of eight rivers, Pinatubu, from which
man derived his food and livelihood as the rivers became not only a source of fish, but was also
the watering hole of game and fowl.
Man favoured Bulan with the name Apung Mallari, to whom all things was possible. He was
said to be more approachable than the distant Apung Sukû.
Apung Sukû, the Sun, had for his children: Munag Sumalâ (Dawn) who was betrothed to
Manalastas (the rooster), Abac, Ugtu (known also as Lakandanup who devoured shadows at
noon), and Gatpanapun (the prince who knows only pleasure).
Apung Mallari had two daughters. The most beautiful was Sisilim (sunset) who was devoted to her
uncle Apung Sukû by welcoming him in the western skies with songs of the cicadas at sunset. The
other daughter was Kapitangan.
All things went well with their reign over man on earth till the rains came. The rains did not
stop. The eight Rivers of Pinatubu overflowed. Man's possession was washed away and the fowls,
game and fish went to seek calmer waters or went deep into the mountains. Man hungered. Man
despaired. Finally, man called upon Apung Sukû for help.
Apung Sukû then sent his grandson Tala (the planet Venus), son of the red serpent Munag Sumalâ
and the bird Manalastas, to be born as a man.
Deep in the forest of Mount Alaya, an old manalaksan (woodcutter) went to the pool of
Sapang Tacûi to quench his thirst. There in the middle of the pool, a tucal flower blossomed. in the
midst of it was a healthy baby crying. The old manalaksan took pity and took the child to his old
wife mangkukuran (potter). There the child began to speak and walk. The couple bowed low to the
ground and paid homage to the god child.
Soon the child grew up to become a strong bayani. Riding on his friend Damulag, the
guardian against the storm,Tala descended the mountain chewing on a sugarcane. On the slopes
of the mountain he fell in love with a woman called Mingan. Together they made love. As they did
so, Tala took some of his seeds and placed them in Mingan's hand. "Plant them on the flooded
ground," he said. Mingan was doubtful at first since nothing grew on the flooded soil save for lumut
or algae.
Immediately after Mingan planted the sacred seeds, a curious green looking plant sprouted
from the ground. These were the first palai, rice plants. Tala showed her how to cook nasi, from

17
the unhusked seeds of the palai plant. Soon Mingan's tribe was able to conquer all the flooded
plains and convert them to fertile rice fields. Tala went back to the sky.
Soon, man forgot about the goodness of Apung Mallari before the floods. They endlessly
praised Apung Sukû for sending them his grandson Tala. In anger and jealousy, Apung Mallari
threw a huge boulder to the perfect summit of Apung Sukû's abode, Bunduc Alaya. The earth
trembled. But worse was Apung Sukû's anger at the insult. From that day on, Apung Mallari was
cursed. He was to be called as Punsalang (the source of enmity, the enemy).
Apung Sukû took all the huge boulders of the great river bank plains and threw them all at
Bunduk Pinatubu. Apung Mallari, now Punsalang, saw his abode crumble. Seeing her father lose
miserably, Sisilim decided to stop her uncle the sun but she too was struck and she fell dead.
Seeing this, Punsalang shouted in anguish and surrendered to his brother Apung Sukû. From then
on, Apung Sukû was Apung Sinukuan (to whom everyone surrendered)."

Independent Assessment 1
On a separate sheet of paper, write the plot of the following stories.
a. Juan Manalaksan
b. The Dueling Dual Volcanoes
c. Legend Of Alitaptap

Climax

Rising Action Falling Action

Inciting Force

Exposition Denouement

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LESSON
LESSON Photo Story
3 (Weeks 5-8)

DISCUSSION OF THE LESSON:

PhotoStory

A photo story is more than fair photographs in a collection, computerized or something

else. It’s more than fair a photo book, in spite of the fact that a photo book can be utilized to tell a
photo story. It is the deliberateness utilize of pictures and words amassed into a story. One of the
finest ways you'll tell a photo story is in a photo book.

A photo story ought to have purposefully, a story and pictures (photographs, ticket stubs,
etc.).

The stories don’t have to be vast, complicated, fact-filled. They can be short and simple.

Here are the following methods on how to create a photo story:

1. Thinkof anidea

• Brainstorm with a friend or family member.

• Think of the materials you have, how you can use them and what you cannot do.
• Think of the things you are interested in like (plants, animals, favorite hobbies and etc.)

2. Plan your story

• Create a story board.

• Write your story in words.
• Figure out how you will use your pictures and how to caption them.
• Be sure to make it interesting.
• Work in steps, if you go in steps then it will be easier to move smoothly and quickly.

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 3. Pictures

• For a photo story you need pictures.

• Make sure your pictures make sense.
• Think of your idea before you start, don’t work from the pictures, people can tell if
something is well thought out and planned or just thrown together at the last second.
• Have good pictures, use your best ones.
• If you only have one picture that doesn’t matter, remember, “A picture is worth a
thousand words.”.

4. Creation

• Create a story.
• Be sure to include transition between pictures.
• Make sure your captions are easy to understand and be sure your captions are with the
right pictures and don’t jumble.

5. Put it all together

• From the planning and conceptualization of the story be sure that all pictures are
interrelated with each other. Then, you can come up with a nice photo story.

SANAYGURO 2015

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INDEPENDENT PRACTICE:
Independent Activity 1
Look at the picture below and create a story. Be sure to show the connection of each
pictures given. Write your answer using your activity notebook.

_______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

Independent Assessment 2
Look one family picture, take a photo and paste the copy of the photo on the box below.
Talk about what the photograph shows and what would be interesting to tell other people about it.
Then write a first draft of a story about the photograph.

_______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

REFLECTION:
Create a mind map and give the importance of storytelling.

21
GENERALIZATION:
Find and learn songs which tell a story. Folk ballads to contemporary songs often
suggest a larger tale. Listen to records songs in Region 3 and then retell the story in the
song using your own words. Choose only one song that tells a story.

Directions: Tell us something about yourself and create finger puppets. Be sure to
be guided of the following guidelines.

1. Be sure to leave the name and characteristics of each finger puppet.

2. Be reminded by the basic narrative structure and how it includes orientation, rising
action, climax, falling action and a resolution.

3. Let the students rehearse for a puppet show and explore the use of voice and
expression.

Creates a story about your local festivals in your city using graphics and photographs via
(Powerpoint Presentation or Video Clips)

22
 23
1. A
2. B
3. B
4. A
5. A
Independent Activity 1
Answer may vary
Independent Activity 2
Answer may vary
Independent Assessment 1
Answer may vary
Independent Assessment 2
Answer may vary
Independent Activity 3
Answer may vary
Independent Assessment 3
Answer may vary
Assessment
 References

Benjamin, R. M. (2017, December 3). Narrative structure. Slideshare.

https://www.slideshare.net/RayMartinBenjamin/narrative-structure-83251287

Carnes, R. (2018, August 8). The 4 Principles of Storytelling - Robert Carnes. Medium.
https://jamrobcar.medium.com/the-4-principles-of-storytelling-7c7761e41a36

M. (2014, May 30). Story structure-lesson-ppt. Slideshare.

https://www.slideshare.net/marianasaenz25/story-structurelessonppt

Page, J. (2020, November 24). What Is a Photo Story and How Do I Make One? | Pixorium.
Pixorium | Atlanta’s Premier Photo Book Design and P.
https://pixorium.com/2018/09/11/whats-a-photostory-jiffy-and-how-do-i-tell-one/

Attention Required! | Cloudflare. (n.d.). MasterClass.

https://www.masterclass.com/articles/a-guide-to-storytelling#4-types-of-storytelling

Wilber, H. (2018) Five Principles of Storytelling

https://www.esri.com/arcgis-blog/products/story-maps/mapping/5-principles-of-
effective-storytelling/

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