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Assessment Introduction To The Philosophy of Ethics

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34 views4 pages

Assessment Introduction To The Philosophy of Ethics

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WEEK 3: TOPIC 2: INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF ETHICS

Ethics is a branch of philosophy that deals with moral principles, values, and rules of conduct that
define what is right and wrong. It involves the study of how people ought to act in various
situations and what principles and values should guide their actions. Ethics is concerned with
questions about what is good, what is right, and what is just. It seeks to provide a framework for
making moral judgments and decisions about individual and social conduct.
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Assessment questions based on the definition of ethics:
1. What is ethics?
A) The study of human behavior and motivation.
B) The study of moral principles and values.
C) The study of language and communication.
D) The study of economic systems.
Answer:
2. Which of the following is NOT an ethical theory?
A) Utilitarianism
B) Virtue Ethics
C) Natural Selection
D) Deontology
Answer:
3. What is the difference between ethics and morality?
A) There is no difference, the terms can be used interchangeably.
B) Ethics refers to personal beliefs while morality refers to social norms.
C) Ethics refers to the study of moral principles while morality refers to the actual
principles themselves.
D) Morality refers to the study of ethical principles while ethics refers to the actual
principles themselves.
Answer:
There are various ways to divide ethics, but one common way is to distinguish between
descriptive ethics, normative ethics, and metaethics.
1. Descriptive ethics: Descriptive ethics is concerned with describing and analyzing existing
moral practices, beliefs, and values within a particular society or culture. It seeks to provide
a factual account of how people behave and think about moral issues.
2. Normative ethics: Normative ethics is concerned with developing and justifying moral
norms and principles. It aims to provide guidance on how people ought to behave and make
moral decisions. Normative ethics is often divided into three subfields:
consequentialism, deontology, and virtue ethics.
3. Metaethics: Metaethics is concerned with the nature of moral thought and language,
including the meaning of moral terms and concepts, the objectivity or subjectivity of moral
values, and the possibility of moral knowledge. Metaethics does not prescribe what we
ought to do or believe, but rather examines the nature and justification of ethical claims.
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Assessment questions based on the division of ethics:

4. What is the focus of descriptive ethics?


a) The study of moral principles and theories
b) The examination of the beliefs and behaviors of individuals and societies
c) The application of moral principles to specific cases
d) The evaluation of actions as right or wrong
Answer:

5. Which of the following is a normative ethical theory?


a) Virtue ethics
b) Descriptive ethics
c) Applied ethics
d) Metaethics
Answer:
6. Which division of ethics is concerned with applying ethical theories to specific real-
world situations?
a) Descriptive ethics
b) Normative ethics
c) Metaethics
d) Applied ethics
Answer:

7. Which division of ethics is concerned with the analysis of moral language and
concepts?
a) Descriptive ethics
b) Normative ethics
c) Metaethics
d) Applied ethics
Answer:

8. What is the focus of consequentialist ethical theories?


a) The inherent morality of actions
b) The consequences of actions
c) The character of the moral agent
d) The duties and obligations of individuals
Answer:

9. Which of the following is a deontological ethical theory?


a) Utilitarianism
b) Virtue ethics
c) Duty ethics
d) Care ethics
Answer:
VIRTUE ETHICS
Virtue ethics is a moral theory that emphasizes the character of the individual as the key element
of ethical thinking, rather than rules or consequences. It is based on the idea that having a virtuous
character leads to ethical behavior, rather than just following a set of rules or maximizing
outcomes. The focus is on developing good habits, or virtues, through practice and education,
rather than following a set of rules.
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Assessment questions based on the definition of virtue ethics:
10. Which of the following is a key concept in virtue ethics?
a) Consequentialism
b) Deontology
c) Virtue
d) Hedonism
Correct answer:

11. According to virtue ethics, what is the goal of moral action?


a) Maximizing pleasure
b) Following rules and duties
c) Developing virtues
d) Creating the greatest good for the greatest number
Correct answer:

12. Which of the following is a criticism of virtue ethics?


a) It is too focused on individual character traits and not enough on the consequences of actions.
b) It relies too heavily on religious principles.
c) It fails to provide clear guidance on how to act in specific situations.
d) It overlooks the importance of intentions in moral decision-making.
Correct answer:

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