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Problem Solving Intro

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Marvhory Agacer
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8 views

Problem Solving Intro

Uploaded by

Marvhory Agacer
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem Solving

What is a Problem?
Share one of the problems
you encountered, and how
did you solve it?

Give various
ways to solve
a problem. What is Problem Solving?
“Word
Problems
scare me!”
At the end of the chapter, the students will
be able to:

✓ Define the terms and concepts in problem solving;


✓ Employ inductive and deductive reasoning in
problem solving;
✓ Use the four steps of Polya in problem solving;
✓ Apply the different problem solving strategies in
solving real life problems; and
✓ Solve accurately recreational math problems such
as logic puzzles, math trick, etc.
1.Inductive and deductive reasoning
2.Making a Table
3.Making an Organized List (Tree
Diagram, Venn Diagram)
Possible 4.Making an illustration/drawing
Strategies 5.Writing an equation/ using variable
6.Solving a simpler version of the
problem
7.Trial and error/ guess and check
8.Work backwards
9. Look for a patterns
10. Pigeonhole principle
11. Making a model
12. Breaking up the question
13. Giving a counter example
14. Examine a simpler or a special
Possible case of the problem to gain insight
into the solution of the original
Strategies problem
15. Examine related problems and
determine if the same technique
applied to them can be applied to
the current problem
16. Use direct and indirect reasoning
Four
Approaches
to Problem
Solving
Step 1
UNDERSTAND the problem.

What are you trying to figure


out?
FIND what is missing/unknown.
Step 2
Look at some FACTS and make a
PLAN.

How will you answer the question?

Should you ADD or SUBTRACT?


Look for clues.
Here are some
CLUE WORDS
that will help you
decide what to
do.
Addition Clue
Words
in all
increase
more
altogether
sum
total
combine
Subtraction Clue
Words
decrease
how many more
less
how many are left
fewer
difference
reduce minus
MULTIPLICATION
Clue Words
• per
• times
• double
• triple
• quadruple
DIVISION Clue
Words
• Quotient
• Divided by
• Divided into
• Per
• Share
• Split
Step 3
SOLVE it!

Write a number sentence using


the information in the problem,
and…
Step 4
LOOK BACK.

Does your answer fit the question?


Here are the
steps once more:
Step 1 – UNDERSTAND the
problem.

Step 2 – Find FACTS and make a


PLAN.

Step 3 – SOLVE it!

Step 4 – LOOK BACK.


Addition Subtraction
4+4=8 Change the sign
-4 + (-4) = -8 of the second
5 + (-2) = 3 number and
proceed to
3 + (-6) = -3
addition rule.
Multiplication & Division
4 (4) = 16
-4 (-4) = 16
-4 (4) = -16
4 (-4) = -16
Like signs = positive
Unlike signs= Negative
Work it out!
Let’s Try this………
Three less than twice a number is 13. What is
the number?
Step 1: Understand
Step 2:Find FACTS and make a PLAN
Three less than twice a number is 13.
X- be the number

3 - 2x = 13 X
2x - 3 = 13 ✓
Step 3:SOLVE
2x - 3 = 13
2x = 13 +3
2x = 16
x=8
Step 4:LOOK BACK
2x - 3 = 13
2(8) – 3 = 13
16 – 3= 13
13= 13 ✓
We did it!

Level Up!!!!!
Let’s try this…………….
Joy is three less than thrice the age of Mark.
The sum of their ages is 37. How old is Joy?
Step 1: Understand
Step 2:Find FACTS and make a PLAN
Let x be the age of Mark
Mark x
Joy 3x - 3
x + 3x – 3 = 37
Joy is three less than thrice the age of Mark.
The sum of their ages is 37. How old is Joy?
Step 3:SOLVE
x + 3x – 3 = 37
4x – 3 = 37
4x = 37 +3
4x = 40
x = 10
Joy is three less than thrice the age of Mark.
The sum of their ages is 37. How old is Joy?
Step 3:SOLVE
Step 4:LOOK BACK
X + 3x – 3 = 37
10 + 3(10) – 3 = 37
10 + 30 – 3 = 37÷
37 = 37 ✓
FINAL ANSWER
3x – 3
3(10) – 3
30 – 3 = 27
Joy is 27 y/o.
We did it!

Mooooree!!!!!
Let’s Try this………
John is twice as old as his friend Peter. Peter is 5
years older than Alice. In 5 years, John will be
three times as old as Alice. How old is Peter?
Step 1: Understand
Step 2:Find FACTS and make a PLAN
Let x be the age of Peter
Age Now Age in 5 yrs
Peter x x+5
John 2x 2x + 5
Alice X-5 X–5+5
2x + 5 = 3 ( x – 5 + 5)
John is twice as old as his friend Peter. Peter is 5 year
s older than Alice. In 5 years, John will be three time
s as old as Alice. How old is Peter NOW?

Step 3:SOLVE
2x + 5 = 3 ( x – 5 + 5)
2x + 5 = 3x
5 = 3x -2x
5=x

Step 4:LOOK BACK


2x + 5 = 3x
2(5) + 5 = 3 (5)
10+5= 15
15 = 15 Correct
Step 4:LOOK BACK

Age Now Age in 5 yrs


Peter x x+5
John 2x 2x + 5
Alice X-5 X–5+5

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