AS and A level Mathematics Practice Paper – Statistics – Mark scheme

Question Scheme Marks

Section A – Representation and summary of data (26 marks)

1 60.8 + 20
mean = or 60.8 = 1.4x - 20 (o.e.) M1
1.4
= 57.7142… awrt 57.7 A1

6.60
standard deviation = or 6.60 = 1.4x M1
1.4
= 4.7142… awrt 4.71 A1
(4 marks)
2(a) 2.8 + 5.6 + 2.3 + 9.4 + 0.5 + 1.8 + 84.6 = 107 M1
Mean = 107 ÷ 28 (= 3.821…) (awrt 3.8) A1
(2)
2(b) It will have no effect since B1
one is 4.5 under what it should be and the other is 4.5 above what it should
dB1
be
(2)
(4 marks)
3(a) 14, 5 M1 A1
(2)
3(b) 21 + 45 + 3 = 69 M1 A1
(2)
(4 marks)

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 AS and A level Mathematics Practice Paper – Statistics – Mark scheme

Question Scheme Marks

4(a) [Range = 48 – 9] = 39 B1
(1)
4(b) [IQR = 25 – 12 ]= 13 B1
(1)
4(c)
[9] ´ 5 = 890 = awrt 68.5° é [9.5] ´ 5 = 68.7 ù
Median = 65 + êCondone: 65 + ú M1 A1
13 13 ë 13 û
(2)
4(d) 9
Lower Quartile = 60 + ´ 5= 63 (*) M1 A1cso
15
(2)
4(e) 63 – 1.5 × (75 – 63) = 45 75 + 1.5 × (75 – 63) = 93 M1A1
No data above 93 and no data below 45 or 55>45 etc or there are no
A1
outliers

M1

A1ft

40 50 60 70 80 90
(5)
4(f) Median for the 70°angle is closer (to 70°)[ than the 20° median is to 20°] B1
The range/IQR for the 70° angle box plot is smaller/shorter B1
Therefore, students were more accurate at drawing the 70° angle. dB1
(3)
(14 marks)

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 AS and A level Mathematics Practice Paper – Statistics – Mark scheme

Question Scheme Marks

Section B – Binomial distribution and hypothesis testing (50 marks)

1(a) X ~ B(25, 0.2) M1
[P( X ³ 9) =] 0.0468
A1
[P( X £ 1) =] 0.0274
X = [0 £] X £ 1
A1

9£ X [£ 25] A1d
(4)
1(b) H0: p = 0.2
B1
H1: p < 0.2
P( X £ 6) = 0.1034or CR X £ 5 M1
A1
Insufficient evidence to reject H0, Accept H0, Not significant. 6 does not lie
M1d
in the Critical region.
No evidence that increasing the batch size has reduced the percentage of
broken pots (oe)
A1cso
or
evidence that there is no change in the percentage of broken pots (oe)
(5)
(9 marks)
2 H0 : p = 0.2 H1 : p < 0.2 B1

[ X ! B(40,0.2)] P( X £ 3) = 0.0285 or CR of X < 3 M1A1

[0.0285 < 0.05] significant, reject H 0 M1dep
There is evidence to support the supplier’s claim
A1cso
or The probability of a ball failing the bounce test is less than 0.2
(5 marks)

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 AS and A level Mathematics Practice Paper – Statistics – Mark scheme

Question Scheme Marks

3(a) X ~ B(25,0.5) may be implied by calculations in part a or b M1

P( X £ 7) = 0.0216
P(X ³ 18) = 0.0216
CR X £ 7; È X ³ 18 A1A1
(3)
3(b) P(rejecting H0) = 0.0216 + 0.0216 M1
= 0.0432 awrt 0.0432/0.0433 A1
(2)
(5 marks)
4 H0 : p = 0.5 B1
H1 : p > 0.5 B1
X~B(30,0.5) Using correct Bin M1
P(X ³ 21) = 1 – P(X £ 20) or P(X £ 19) = 0.9506
M1
P(X ³ 20) = 0.0494
= 1 – 0.9786
= 0.0214 CR X ³ 20 A1
so significant/reject H 0 /in Critical region M1 dep
Evidence to suggest David’s claim is incorrect
or The weather forecast produced by the local radio is better than those A1
achieved by tossing/flipping a coin
(7 marks)
5 H0 : p = 0.2 H1 : p > 0.2 B1
Under H0, X ~ Bin (10, 0.2) B1
P (X ≥ 4) = 1 – P(X ≤ 3) OR P (X ≤ 4) = 0.9672 M1
= 1 – 0.8791 P (X ≥ 5) = 0.0328
= 0.1209 CR X ≥ 5 A1
0.1209 > 0.05
M1A1ft
Insufficient evidence to reject H0 so teacher’s claim is supported
(6 marks)

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 AS and A level Mathematics Practice Paper – Statistics – Mark scheme

Question Scheme Marks

6(a) X ~ B(30, 0.25) B1

P(X £ 10) – P(X £ 4) = 0.8943 – 0.0979 M1
= 0.7964 A1
(3)
6(b) H0 : p = 0.25 H1 : p < 0.25 B1
B(15, 0.25)
M1 A1
P(X £ 1) = 0.0802
Reject H0 or Significant or 1 1ies in the critical region
There is evidence that the radio company’s claim is true.
dM1
Or
A1 cso
The new transmitter will reduce the proportion of houses unable to receive
radio
(5)
(8 marks)
7(a) X ~ B (20, 0.25) M1
P(X ≥ 10) = 1 – 0.9861 = 0.0139 A1
P(X ≤ 1) = 0.0243 A1
(0 ≤) X ≤ 1 È 10 ≤ X (≤ 20) A1A1
(5)
7(b) H0: p = 0.25
H1: p < 0.25 B1
X ~ B (20, 0.25)
P(X ≤ 3) = 0.2252 or CR X ≤ 1 M1A1
Insufficient evidence to reject H0, Accept H0, Not significant. 3 does not lie
M1d
in the Critical region.
No evidence that the changes to the process have reduced the percentage
A1cso
of defective articles (oe)
(5)
(10 marks)

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 AS and A level Mathematics Practice Paper – Statistics – Mark scheme

Question Scheme Marks

Section C – Sampling (36 marks)

1 Label females 1 – 100 (or 0 – 99) and males 1 – 300 ( or 0 – 299) B1

Using random numbers for each group B1

in range 1 – 100 (0 – 99) select 15 females and using 1 – 300 (or 0 – 299) B1
select 45 males

(3 marks)
2(a) -(accurate) estimates for each strata / job
-more representative of the population B1
-reflects population structure
(1)
2(b) Total staff = 720 B1
72
Managers = ´ 40 = 4 M1
720
108
Drivers = ´ 40 = 6
720
180
Administrators = ´ 40 = 10
720
360
Warehouse = ´ 40 = 20 A1
720
(3)
2(c) Label all managers 1 – 72 o.e. B1
Using random numbers in range 1-72 or 0-71 select 4 (managers). B1
(2)
(6 marks)

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 AS and A level Mathematics Practice Paper – Statistics – Mark scheme

Question Scheme Marks

3(a) Analyse / find estimates for a particular subgroup of the population.

Stratified guarantees representation of all groups, srs does not. Observe
relationships between subgroups – srs does not guarantee equal or
proportionate representation. Rare or extreme cases as part of a small
subgroups can be represented proportionately in stratified i.e. stratified
represents the structure of the population– srs does not allow this. Stratified
typically require large sample size compared to srs due to lower variability
within subgroups compared to entire population.
Any 2 distinct reasons B1B1
(2)
3(b) It (a stratified sample) is not biased as the members are chosen randomly.
You can estimate the sampling errors (for a stratified sample) It (a
stratrified sample) gives more accurate estimates as it is a random process.
A quota sample may be (interviewer / process) biased. It’s not possible to
estimate/find the sampling errors for a quota sample (whereas you can for a
stratified sample)
Any 2 distinct reasons B1B1
(2)
(4 marks)
Notes:
Award B1B1 two correct, B1B0 one correct. Allow ‘it’ for ‘stratified’. Do
not award marks for vague responses such as ‘cheap’, ‘easy’ ‘quick’
‘random’ etc. Mentioning ‘sampling frame’ alone is not sufficient for a
mark. Mentioning ‘non-response are not recorded’ alone is not sufficient
for a mark.
4(a) (This is a sample where) every (possible) sample (of size n) has an equal
B1
chance of being chosen.
(1)
4(b) ‘When it is impossible to provide a sampling frame’ or a correct example
B1
with an indication
of sampling frame being impossible.
(1)
4(c) A list/register of all the students. B1
Number the students (from 0 to 74, 1 to 75 etc.) B1
Using the random no. table read off the nos. and identify or select the
B1
students allocated those nos.
(3)
(5 marks)

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 AS and A level Mathematics Practice Paper – Statistics – Mark scheme

Question Scheme Marks

5(a)
Sampling frame within each species of fish in the lake impossible to obtain. B1

(1)
5(b) Quota sampling B1

(1)
5(c) Advantages:
Sample can be obtained quickly
Costs are kept to a minimum
B1
Administration of survey is easy
Disadvantages:
Not possible to estimate sampling errors B1
Process not random
Surveyor may not be able to identify species of fish easily
(2)
5(d)
Species Quota
Trout 1400
´ 30 = 17.14
2450
Bass 600
´ 30 = 7.35
2450
Pike 450
´ 30 = 5.51
2450

Fish are caught from the lake until the quota of 17 trout, 7 bass and 6 pike B1B1B1
are reached.
If a fish is caught and the species quota is full, then this is ignored. B1

(4)
(8 marks)

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 AS and A level Mathematics Practice Paper – Statistics – Mark scheme

Question Scheme Marks

6(a) Quota Sampling:

Advantages: Fieldwork can be done quickly, or administering the test is
easy, or costs are kept to a minimum (cheap), or gives estimates for each
course.
or OK for large populations or sampling frame not required (o.e.)
Disadvantages: Non-random process or not possible to estimate the
sampling errors, or non response not recorded, or interviewer can B1
introduce bias in sample choice. (o.e.)
Stratified Sampling:
Advantages: Can give accurate estimates as it is a random process, or
gives estimates for each course or representative of [BUT not
“proportional” to] the whole population. (o.e.)
Disadvantages: Sampling frame required, or strata may not be clear as
B1
some students overlap courses or not suitable for large populations. (o.e.)
(2)
6(b) Total enrolments = 1000 (may be implied by calculations) B1
420
Leisure and Sport= ´100 = 42
1000 M1

337
Information Technology= ´100 = 33.7=34
1000
200
Health and Social Care= ´100 = 20
1000
43
Media Studies= ´100 = 4.3=4 A1
1000
(3)
6(c) The college’s information system would be used to identify each student
and which course they are enrolled on.
i.e. idea of sampling frame or list for each course.
`
Use of random numbers to select required number of students from each
course
(2)
(7 marks)
7(a) The list of ID numbers B1
(1)
7(b) F ~ B(50,0.02) B1 B1
(2)
(3 marks)

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AS and A level Mathematics Practice Paper – Statistics – Mark scheme

Source paper Question New spec references Question description New AOs
number
Section A – Representation and summary of data
1 S1 2014 2 A 2.3 Representation and summary of data 1.1b
2 S1 Jan 2011 2 A 2.3 Representation and summary of data 1.1b, 2.4, 3.1b
3 S1 Jan 2012 1 A 2.1, 2.3 Representation and summary of data 1.1b, 1.2, 3.4
4 S1 2015 1 A 2.1, 2.3, 2.4 Representation and summary of data 1.1b, 1.2, 2.1, 2.4
Section B – Binomial distribution and hypothesis testing
1 S2 2017 1 A 4.1, 5.1 Binomial distribution, Hypothesis tests 1.1b, 1.2, 2.2b, 2.4, 2.5
2 S2 2014R 1 A 4.1, 5.1, 5.2 Binomial hypothesis test 1.1b, 2.2b, 2.5, 3.3
3 S2 2012 2 A 4.1, 5.1, 5.2 Hypothesis testing 1.1b, 1.2, 3.4
4 S2 Jan 2012 2 A 4.1, 5.1, 5.2 Hypothesis testing, Tests on binomial 1.1b, 2.5, 3.3, 3.5a
5 S2 Jan 2011 2 A 4.1, 5.1, 5.2 Hypothesis testing 1.1b, 2.2b, 2.5, 3.3
6 S2 2015 2 A 4.1, 5.1 Binomial distribution, Hypothesis tests 1.1b, 2.2b, 2.5, 3.3, 3.4
7 S2 2013 6 A 4.1, 5.1, 5.2 Binomial distribution 1.1b, 1.2, 2.2b, 2.5, 3.1b, 3.4
Section C – Sampling
1 S3 2013R 1 A 1.1 Sampling 1.1b, 1.2, 2.4
2 S3 2017 1 A 1.1 Sampling 1.1b, 1.2
3 S3 2016 1 A 1.1 Sampling 1.2, 2.4
4 S3 2014 1 A 1.1 Sampling 1.1b, 1.2, 3.1b
5 S3 2012 2 A 1.1 Sampling 1.1b, 1.2, 2.4, 3.1b
6 S3 2013 3 A 1.1 Sampling 1.1b, 1.2, 3.3
7 S2 2011 1 A 1.1, 4.1 Sampling 1.1b, 1.2

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