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Fundamental Principles of School Administration and Supervision

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36 views38 pages

Fundamental Principles of School Administration and Supervision

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© © All Rights Reserved
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Fundamental Principles

of School Administration
and Supervision
Reporter: Donaimi O. Panganiban
Professor: Doc Tobias
For the administrator and supervisor, a knowledge of
fundamental principles is vital. Principles have been
distilled from many experiences, observations, and
experiments that have been recorded. They are
therefore valuable aids to solving various kinds of
problem situations.
1. An organizational structure is
necessary when a group has a
Fundamental common task.
Principles of
Organization
2. The purposes and objectives of an
and organization must be determined

Administration and understood.


3. Every organization should have
single executive head.
Fundamental
Principles of
Organization 4. The necessary authority to accomplish a task

and should be delegated at the same time that the


responsibility for the task is assigned; every
person in the organization should know to whom
Administration and for what he is responsible, and no individual
in the organization should be required to the
direct orders from more than one person.
5. Personnel policies should include
selecting the competent, training the
Fundamental inexperienced, eliminating the
Principles of incompetent, and providing incentives
for all member of the organization.
Organization
6. Each individual in the organization
and should have a feeling of security.

Administration
7. Coordination of functions, activities,
interests, and assignments is
Fundamental necessary for successful
Principles of accomplishment of result.

Organization
8. Continuity of policy and program
and until results can be evaluated is

Administration prerequisite to good management.


9. Policies and programs should be
stated in terms broad enough to
Fundamental permit reasonable flexibility in

Principles of management.

Organization
10. Cooperation among members of
and an organization is necessary for

Administration efficiency.
11. Standardized procedures for
routine administrative operations
Fundamental make the organization more effective.

Principles of
Organization
12. The scheme of organization should
and provide for maximum homogeneity in

Administration the major divisions of work.


13. Executive leadership involves the
acceptance of appropriate
Fundamental responsibilities and the effective

Principles of discharge of those responsibilities


when they have been accepted.
Organization
14. Executive conduct should be
and consistent with the policies and

Administration objectives of the organization.


15. One executive can only deal with a
limited number of persons.
Fundamental
Principles of
Organization
16. Every organization must make
and provision for effective planning and

Administration decision-making.
17. An effective organization must
attain its goals if it is to survive.
Fundamental
Principles of
Organization
18. Evaluation is essential to the
and program of any group.

Administration
Fundamental Principles of
Supervision
1. The principles formulated by Barr, Burton,
and Brueckner.
2. The principles by Melchoir
3. The principles by Ayer and Peckham.
Principles by Barr, Burton, and
Brueckner
1. Good supervision proceeds from a clear
understanding of the purposes and functions of
supervision.

- Determine the what, the how, and the why of supervision

- Develop moral character, personal discipline, civic conscience,


vocational efficiency and teach the duties of citizanship.
Situation

Filipino department will launched a program in relation to


celebration of linggo ng wika emphasizing Filipino Culture.
Students were invited to participate to prepare a song and
dances.
2. Good supervision Democratic

- According to revised Republic Act 1124 " integrated


rationalistic and democracy inspired educational system in the
Philippines."

- Section 1 Article II The Elementary School should offer


adequate education for our children to prepare them for
democratic citizenship.
3. Good supervision is well Planned

Planning Process:
1. Planning a particular job is to determine the objectives
2. Collect available data and information which have bearing
on what we are trying to accomplish.
3. Lay out the course of action that is to be taken and the
direction that it is to take.
4. Good supervision is based upon sound
educational theory.

The principal or supervisor must have educational


theory if he is to do a good job of supervision. He cannot
lead the teaching staff intelligently if his educational
theory is unsound and out-moded.
5. Good supervision employs orderly procedures
of thinking in studying, evaluating, and improving
the products and processes of instruction.

One of the important function of supervisor is to study,


evaluate and improve the products and processes of
instruction.
6. Good supervision, like good teaching, is
known by its results.

In any human endeavor it is the result counts in the


last analysis.
Principles by Melchior
1. Supervision is Attitudinal

- Attitudinal as used here as connotation of "Philosophic"


-The attitude of the supervisor and his ability to develop
wholesome and constructive attitudes in co-workers
determine the effectiveness of supervision.
2. Supervision is Creative

- Creative supervision encourages teachers to feel free to


think for themselves in matters pertaining to objectives,
curriculum organization, and content, methods of
teaching and methods of evaljuation.
3. Supervision is Cooperative

- the attitudinal and the creative characteristics of


supervision come to fruition only under a feelin of
oneness: "We" not "I"; "We" not "You" is supervision at its
best.
4. Supervision is Scientific
Based on Scientific Method:
1. Facts
2. Quantitative description of facts
3. Suspended judgement
4. Concern on all relevant facts
5. sensitiveness to problems
6. effort to discover rather than prove
7. continues appraisal
8. the quest for more inclusive generalization
5. Supervision is Effectiveness

-it is effective if planned, organized and carried out


that it meets the needs of community.
Principles by Ayer and Peckham
1. The Principle of Cooperation.

A. A supervisor should:
1. Understand the functions of education in
democracy.

The Program of supervision should:


1. Adopt the philosophy of democratic leadership.
2. The Principle of Leadership

A. A supervisor should:
1. Help teachers recognize and provide for
individual differences in pupils.

The Program of supervision should:


1. Recognize teaching as the most important work
of the school.
3. The Principle of Planning

A. A supervisor should:
1. Have comprehensive philosophy of modern
education.

The Program of supervision should:


1. Adopt plans to fit personnel and size of the
school system.
4. The Principle of Integration

A. A supervisor should:
1. Emphasize child development rather than
subject mastery.

The Program of supervision should:


1. Contribute to all around pupil guidance.
5. The Principle of Integration

A. A supervisor should:
1. Encourage teachers to discover more effective
teaching devices.

The Program of supervision should:


1. Keep alert to social change and progress.
6. The Principle of Flexibility
A. A supervisor should:
1. Adopt supervision to care for individual
differences in training, experience, and ability of
teachers.

The Program of supervision should:


1. Encourage teachers and supervisors to regard
the curriculum as dynamic and changing.
7. The Principle of Considerateness
A. A supervisor should:
1. Know how to get along well with people.

The Program of supervision should:


1. Respect the individuality of teachers and
supervisors.
8. The Principle of Community Orientation
A. A supervisor should:
1. Know the problems, resources, and agencies of
community life.

The Program of supervision should:


1. Make curriculum adjustments that lead to
utilization of community resources.
9. The Principle of Community Objectivity
A. A supervisor should:
1. Know the theory and techniques of educational
tests and measurement.

The Program of supervision should:


1. Recognize the values and limitations of tests.
10. The Principle of Evaluation
A. A supervisor should:
1. Know the objectives if the school and the field
of instruction with which his work is primarily
concerned.

The Program of supervision should:


1. Judge that outcomes of supervision in terms of
objectives and guiding principles.
Thank You!
Do you have any questions for me before we go?

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