Chapter 11

Straight Lines

Solutions (Step-1)

SECTION - A
1. Answer (4)

a b 1
1 1 1 0
2 2 1

 a(1  2)  b(1  2)  1(2  2)  0

 a  b  0  a  b
2. Answer (3)
Orthocentre is not always inside the triangle.
3. Answer (3)
1
Slopes of diagonals are – and 3.
3

 1
 m1 m2   –   3   –1
 3

 Diagonals are perpendicular.

 Parallelogram is a Rhombus.
4. Answer (1)
Equation of a lines which passes through the intersection of two lines
L1 + L2 = 0
Let L1  x + 2y – 10 = 0
L2  2x + y + 5 = 0
L1 + 2L2 = 0
(x + 2y – 10) + 2 (2x + y + 5) = 0
5x + 4y = 0

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-1) Straight Lines 59
5. Answer (2)

AM AB 10 2
  
CM BC 5 1
 By section formula the coordinates of m

 2 – 1 8 – 7   1 1
 ,   , 
2  1 2  1  3 3

x – 5 y –1
 Equation of BM = 
1 1
–5 –1
3 3
x – 7y + 2 = 0
6. Answer (1)

ac
b
2

 a  c
 ax   y c0
 2 

 1  1 
a  x  y   c  y  1  0
 2   2 

 1  c 1 
 x  y    y  1  0
2 a 2

This line will always pass through the intersection point of two lines

1 1
x y  0 and y  1  0
2 2
Solve these equations y = –2, x = 1
Fixed point (1, –2).
7. Answer (3)
psec = 2h
and pcosec = 2k (0, pcosec)
By sin2 + cos2 =1 xcos + ysin  = p
P(h , k)
p2 p2 (p sec, 0)
  =1
4h 2 4k 2

1 1 4
 2
 2

x y p2

8. Answer (2)

4 4
Intersection of x + 2y = 4 and 2x + y = 4 is  , 
3 3
 Variable straight line is

4  4
y  m x  
32  3 

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60 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-1)

 4 4 
x-intercept =  , 0
 3 3m 

 4 4m 
and y-intercept =  0, 
 3 3 
Locus of mid point

2 2
 h ...(1)
3 3m

2 2m
and  k ...(2)
3 3

 2m  2  3mh

2
m
2  3h
Put m in equation (2), we get

2 22
k 
3 3(2  3h )

 (2  3k )(2  3h )  4

 4  6k  6h  9hk  4

 2( x  y )  3 xy

9. Answer (2)
Let foot of perpendicular be (h, k)
and line be y – 3 = m(x – 2)

 nx  y  3  2m  0

h  0 k  0   3  2m 
  
m 1 1  m2
 x2 + y2 – 2x – 3y = 0
10. Answer (1)
Let P(h, k)

K  y1 K  y 2
Hence   1
h  x1 h  x2

 ( x  x1 )( x  x2 )  ( y  y1 )( y  y 2 )  0

SECTION - B
11. Answer (2)

ca 46
Ratio =   2 :1
b 5
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Solutions of Assignment (Step-1) Straight Lines 61
12. Answer (1)

m2
tan 45  
1  2m

1
 m  3, 
3
Product = –1
13. Answer (3)
0 = mx + c

c
 x
m
14. Answer (3)
Perpendicular distances of the lines from origin are

6 –9 9
OM  and ON  
5 20 2 5

6 9 3
O divides MN in the ratio = :  2: = 4 : 3
5 2 5 2

15. Answer (2)

Let A be the point of incidence.
 A is intersection of
x – 2y – 3 = 0 …(i)
and 3x – 2y – 5 = 0 …(ii)
 A = (1, –1)
Let P be any point on the line of incidence x – 2y – 3 = 0. So we take P = (3, 0)
Let Q(, ) be angle of P in the line 3x – 2y – 5 = 0
x–
 PQ the line 3x – 2y – 5 2y
– P
 B 3
=
   1 …(iii) 0
 3 2

   3  
And 3    2   5  0 …(iv)
 2   2 A 3x – 2y – 5 = 0
Equation (iii)  3 + 2 = 6
Equation (iv)  3 – 2 – 1 = 0 Q
Solving these, we get

15 16
 , 
13 13

 15 16 
 Q , 
 13 13 

 15 16 
 Line containing the reflected ray is the line joining the points A(1, –1) and Q  , 
 13 13 

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62 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-1)

16
1
 Required equation is y  1  13 ( x  1)
16
1
13
 29x – 2y – 31 = 0
16. Answer (3)
S(a, b ) R(5, 7)
In a parallelogram, mid-points coincide
Mid-point of PR = Mid-point of SQ M

 5  1 2  7  a  4 b  6
 ,   , 
2 2   2 2  P(1, 2) Q(4, 6)
 a = 2, b = 3
17. Answer (3)
Let point on line x + y = 4 be (x, 4 – x).

4 x  3  4 – x  – 10
 1
16  9

| x + 2 | = 5  x = 3 & –7
 Points are (3, 1) & (–7, 11).
18. Answer (1)
Statement-1: Product of slopes = –1
Statement-2:  m1, m2  R  for perpendicular lines m1m2 = –1
19. Answer (1)
a(x + y – 1) + b(x – 2y) = 0

2 1 
Intersection point of x + y – 1 = 0 and x – 2y = 0 is  , .
3 3 
20. Answer (3)
P(x, x – 12) lies on line (1). Distance of equidistant lines from P.

3x  4  x – 12 – 12 7x – 60
PM = 
5 5

4x  3  x – 12 – 24 7x – 60
PN = 5 =
5

PM = PN

SECTION - C
21. Answer (3)
22. Answer (1)
23. Answer (4)
24. Answer (4)
25. Answer (1)

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-1) Straight Lines 63

SECTION - D
Very Short Answer Type Questions :
26. x – y + 3= 0
 y = x+3
Comparing with y = mx + c
 tan = m =1
  = 45°
27. Let the slope of the line through (3, –1) & (2, 3) is m1.

3   1
m1 =  4
23
Let the slope of the line through (5, 2) and (9, 3) is m2.

32 1
m2 = 
95 4

m1  m2
Now, tan  =
1  m1m2

1
4 
4
=
 1
1   4   
4

17
4
=
0

  = 90°

5
28. Slope of all three lines is .
2
 All lines are parallel
 5x – 2y – 1 = 0
If x = 1, – y = 2
Now, distance of (1, 2) from 5x – 2y – 9 = 0

5 1  2  2   9 8
= =
5 2
2 2
29

Also, distance of (1, 2) from 5x – 2y + 7 = 0

5 1  2  2   7 8
= =
5 22 2
29

Since the perpendicular distance of point (1, 2) from both the lines is equal, thus it is mid parallel between
the two lines.

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64 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-1)

29. Here given lines are

2x + y – 3 = 0 ...(i)
5x + ky – 3 = 0 ...(ii)
3x – y – 2 = 0 ...(iii)
Solving (i) and (iii), by cross multiplication method, we get

x y 1
  or, x = 1, y = 1
2  3 9  4 2  3

Therefore, the point of intersection of two lines is (1, 1), Since above three lines are concurrent, the point
(1, 1) will satisfy equation (i)
i.e., 5·1 + k·1 – 3 = 0 or k = – 2.
30. Equation of line through (a, 0) & (0, b) is

b0
y–0=  x  a
0a

 – ay = bx – ab.
 bx + ay – ab = 0
Clearly (3a, – 2b) satisfies b(3a) + a(– 2b) – ab = 0
Thus, all three points are collinear.
And the equation containing them is bx + ay – ab = 0

Short Answer Type Questions :

31. Equation of line through P(3, – 5) and slope = tan = tan 45° = 1 is
y – (– 5) = 1(x – 3)
x–y–8=0
Now, x – y – 8 = 0 and x + y – 6 = 0 intersect at (7, – 4)
Now, distance between P(3,– 5) and Q(7,–1) is

 7  3 2   1  5 2
= 42  42

= 4 2
32. A(a, 0), B(0, b), C(3, 4)

b  0 b
Slope of AB = 
0a a

4b 4b
Slope of BC = 
30 3
Since A,B and C are collinear,
 Slope of AB = Slope of BC

b 4b
=
a 3

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-1) Straight Lines 65
 – 3b = 4a – ab
 4a + 3b = ab

4a 3b
  =1
ab ab

4 3
  =1 Hence proved.
b a
33. Let the equation of the line be

x y
 1
a b
Point (1, 0) lies on the line

1 0
  1
a b
 a=1

3
Now, distance of line from origin is
2

0 0
 1
a b 3
 
1 1 2

a2 b2

1 3
 
1 2
1
b2

Squaring both sides

1 3
 
1 4
1
b2

1 4
 1 2

b 3

1 1
 
b2 3

 b2 = 3  b=± 3

x y
 Equations are  1
1  3

y y
x 1 x 1
3 3

3x  y  3  0 3x  y  1  0

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66 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-1)

34. A = C = 45°
3x + 4y = 4 A
3
slope = m1 =
4 3x
+
4y
Let slope of AB be m2. =
4
m2  m1
tan  = 1  m m
1 2

B C
3 (2,2)
m2 
4
tan 45° = 3
1 m
4 2

4m2  3
 1
4  3m2

4m2 + 3 = 4 – 3m2 4m2 + 3 = – 4 + 3m2

 7m2 = 1  m2 = – 7

1
 m2 =
7

1
 Equation are y – 2 = (x – 2) and y – 2 = – 7(x – 2)
7
 7y – 14=x – 2  y – 2 = – 7x + 14
 x – 7y + 12 = 0  7x + y – 16 = 0

Long Answer Type Questions :

35. Let (h,k) be the point of reflection of the given point (4, –13) about the line 5x + y + 6 = 0. The mid-point of
the line segment joining points (h, k) and (4, –13) is given by

 h  4 k  13 
 2 , 2 

This point lies on the given line, so we have

 h  4  k  13
5  60
 2  2

or 5h + k + 19 = 0 ...(i)
k  13
Again the slope of the line joining points (h, k) and (4, –13) is given by .
h4
 k  3
This line is perpendicular to the given line and hence (– 5)   1
 h  4 
This gives 5k + 65 = h – 4
or h – 5k – 69 = 0 ...(ii)
On solving (i) and (ii), we get
h = –1 and k = –14.
Thus the point (–1, –14) is the reflection of the given point.

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-1) Straight Lines 67
36. Let ABCD be the given square and the coordinates of the vertex D be (1, 2).

A B

= 0
15y
–
8x
45°
45°
D C (1, 2)

 BD is along the line 8x – 15y = 0

8
Its slope is . The angles made by BD with sides AD and DC is 45°. Let the slope of DC be m.
15

8
m
15
 tan 45° = 8m
1
15

or 15 + 8m = 15m – 8

23
or 7m = 23, which gives m =
7
Therefore, the equation of the side DC is given by

23
y–2= (x – 1) or 23x – 7y – 9 = 0
7
Similarly, the equation of another side AD is given by

7
y–2= (x – 1) or 7x + 23y – 53 = 0
23

  

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Chapter 11

Straight Lines

Solutions (Step-2)

[Distance Formula and Section Formula]

1. Answer (3)

0 0 1
1
h 0 1  2
2
0 4 1

 4h = ± 4
 h=±1
Hence sum = 1 – 1 = 0
2. Answer (4)

Let A  ( x1, y1 ), B  ( x2 , y 2 ), C  ( x3 , y 3 )

x1 y1 1
1
A  x2 y2 1
2 = Rational number
x3 y3 1

But the area of equilateral triangle is also calculated by

3
A  (side)2 = Irrational
4
Hence triangle cannot be equilateral.

Slope, Angle between Lines and Different form of Straight Line

3. Answer (2)
In this case the line will be parallel to y-axis. Hence the angle = 90°.
4. Answer (4)
5. Answer (2)
Equation of CN be x = 4
 Let coordinate of N be (4, b).
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Solutions of Assignment (Step-2) Straight Lines 69
N is mid point of AB. A (1, 2)
 Coordinate of B (7,2 b – 2).

B lie on the line x + y = 5 N M

G
 7 + 2b – 2 = 5 (4, 1)
b=0 B C
(x11y)
 B (7, –2)

Length of Perpendicular, Angle Bisectors, Reflection and Analysis of Three Lines

6. Answer (1)
Equation of BC
A (2,–1)
x+y–2=0

2 – 1– 2 1 3
AM   [Altitude of equatorial   side]
1 1 2 2
B C
M
3 1
 side 
2 2

2
Side =
3

7. Answer (3)
Slope of line = ± 1
Let equation of straight line be y = x + C
 x–y+C=0 …(1)
Line (1) is equidistance from points (1, –2) & (3, 4)

1 2  C 3–4C
 
2 2

| C + 3 | = | C – 1|
C + 3 = –C + 1  C = –1
From equation (1) line is x – y – 1 = 0
8. Answer (4)
Lines are 3x – 4y + 7 = 0
–12x – 5y + 2 = 0
a1 a2 + b1 b2 = –36 + 20 < 0
Positive sign gives acute angle bisector,

3x – 4y  7 –12x – 5y  2

9  16 144  25

11x – 3y + 9 = 0

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70 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-2)

9. Answer (3)
The given lines are concurrent if

1 1 –1
 2 3  0
 2
4 9

Solving, we get
2 + 13 – 30 = 0
[Transformation of Axes and Pair of Straight Lines]
10. Answer (3)
px2 + 2axy + qy2 = r(1)2
px2 + 2axy + qy2 = r [ax + by]2
(p – ra2) x2 + (q – rb2)y2 + (a – rab) 2xy = 0
These lines are perpendicular
 p – ra2 + q – rb2 = 0
p + q = r(a2 + b2)
11. Answer (3)
Let P be the middle point of the line segment joining A(3, –1) and B(1, 1).
Then P = (2, 0)
Let P be shifted to Q where PQ = 2 and y–coordinate of Q is greater than that of P (from graph)

1 1
Now, Slope of AB =  1 Q
1 3
 Slope of PQ = 1
 Coordinates in Q by distance formula
= (2 ± 2cos, 0 ± 2sin), where tan= 1
A(3, –1) P(2, 0) B(1, 1)
= (2  2,  2)
As y-coordinate of Q is greater than that of P

 Q  (2  2, 2) , which is the required point.

[Miscellaneous]
12. Answer (4)

Solve these equations x 

C 2

–1
and y 
C – 1
 3C  2 C – 1 –5  3C  2  C – 1
13. Answer (3)
Let BAO = , then
B P
OA = c cos
OB = c sin m(
h, k
Let m (h, k) be foot of the perpendicular from P on AB. )

Let MN OX. 
ON = h = OA – NA O N A

= c cos – MA.cos

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-2) Straight Lines 71

 
= c cos – PA.cos    . cos
2 
= c cos – c sinsin cos
= c cos (1 – sin2)
 h = c cos3 …(i)
k = MN = MA sin
 k = c.sin3 …(ii)
 h2/3 + k2/3 = c2/3(sin2 + cos2) = c2/3
Replacing (h, k) by (x, y), we get
x2/3 + y2/3 = c2/3
14. Answer (2)

 2 2m   2 2m 
P  ,  and Q  , 
2m 2m  2m  1 2m  1 
Let mid point be (h, k)

2 2
   2h ...(1)
m  2 2m  1

2m 2m
and   2k ...(2)
m  2 2m  1
Eliminating m from (1) and (2), we get locus as
2x2 – 3xy – 2y2 + x + 3y = 0
15. Answer (3)
3 1
Intersection point of x + 2y = 1 and 2x – y = 1 is  , 
5 5
1  3
Let variable line be y  3 x  
5  5

1 3m
y-intercept 
5 5

3 1
and x-intercept 
5 5m
Applying condition of locus (assuming (h, k) as required locus)

3m  1 1  3m
 2h and  2k
5m 5
 10xy = x + 3y
16. Answer (3)
Let centroid be (h, k)
 2 + cos + sin = 3h and sin – cos + 1 = 3k
Elimunating , we get locus as
9x2 + 9y2 – 12x – 6y + 3 = 0

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72 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-2)

17. Answer (3)

8  3c 5  3c 5  2c 8  2c
   h and  k
5 5 5 5
 4x – 6y = 13 (on elimunating c)
18. Answer (70)
x y
The intercept form of line :  1
 
5
1 
 Area of triangle =   7
2 5
 2 = 70
19. Answer (0.5)
 AB = AC
ABC = ACB = 0

1 2
 Slope of BC =  1.
2 1
Let slope of AC be m.

2  1 1  m 1
  m .
1  2.1 1  m 2
20. Answer (00)

The maximum distance of line = 34  7.

21. Answer (23)
5 
Here O(0, 0), C  , 0  , E(3, 2) and B(0, 4).
3 
23
 The area of OCEB = sq. units
3
22. Answer (176)
The required line is
3 x  4 y  11  12 x  5 y  2 
  
5  13 
 99x + 77y – 133 = 0
Previous Years Questions
[Distance Formula and Section Formula]
23. Answer (3)
One of the possible OAB is A(a, 0) and B(0, b).
B (0, b)
1
Area of OAB  ab .
2
 |ab| = 100 (a, 0)
|a| |b| = 100 O A
but 100 = 1 × 100, 2 × 50, 4 × 25, 5 × 20 or 10 × 10
 For 1 × 100, a = 1 or –1 and b = 100 or – 100

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-2) Straight Lines 73
 Total possible pairs are 8.
and for 10 × 10 total possible pairs are 4.
 Total number of possible triangles with integral coordinates are 4 × 8 + 4 = 36.
24. Answer (4) y
B (0, 6)
8 – r + 6 – r = 10
6–r
6–r
 2r = 4
8–r
r (r, r)
 r=4
r
X
 Incentre = (2, 2) O(0,0)
8–r A (8, 0)
25. Answer (1) 8
Given 3x + y = 4

x y  1
and 1 1 1  10
0 2 1

 |x (–3) – y(1) + 1(2)| = 10

 | – 4 + 2| = 10
 2 – 4 = + 10 or 2 – 4 = –10
  = – 2 or  = 3
26. Answer (2)

1
Slope of line AB  –
2
Slope of line AC = 2

Length of AB = 5 C

1
 ABAC = 5 5
2
 AC = 10
 Coordinate of C = (1 + 10 cos, 2 + 10 sin) 90°
A(
1,
1 2 2)
Here tan= 2  cos   ,sin  
5 5 B (3, 1)


 Coordinate of C = 1  2 5,2  4 5 
 abscissa of vertex C is 1  2 5

27. Answer (05)

P is centroid of ABC
 3 
 1  6  2 0  6  2   17 8 
 P ,  , 
 3 3   6 3 
 
2 2
 17 7   8 1 
 PQ        5
 6 6 3 3

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74 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-2)

Slope, Angle between Lines and Different

form of Straight Line
28. Answer (1)

3 x1  6   20  4 x2 
 A  x2 ,
 x1 , 2   5 

 mAH . mBC  1
4x + 5y – 20 = 0

 20  4 x2  H(1,1)
  1
5 3
    1
 x 2  1  2
  B C
3x – 2y + 6 = 0

15  4 x2 2

5  x2  1 3

45  12 x2  10 x2  10

35
2 x2  35  x2 
2


 35 
A  , 10 
 2 

 mBH . mCA  1

 3 x1 
 3 1
 2   4
 x  1    5   1
 1 
 

 3 x1  4  4  5
2  x1  1

 33 
 6x1 + 8 = 5x1 – 5 x1 = –13   13,
 2 
 Equation of line AB is
 33 
  10
 2  35 
y  10     x  
13  35 2
 
 

455
 61y  610  13 x 
2
 122 y  1220  26 x  455

 26 x  122 y  1675  0
29. Answer (4)
mBC × mAH = –1
1
 mBC   m
AH

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-2) Straight Lines 75

3 A (0, 2)
 mBC = 0
4
 =3
mAB × mCH = –1

1  H(0, 0)
   1
4 
  = –4 B (4, 3) C (, )

3
 = 
4
 –3 
Vertex C ls  ,3 
 4 
 Vertex C lies in second quadrant.
 Option (4) is correct.
30. Answer (4)
(h, k), (1, 2) and (–3, 4) and collinear

h k 1
1 2 1  0  – 2h – 4k  10  0
–3 4 1

 h + 2k = 5 ...(i)
4–2 2 1
mL1    –  mL2  2
–3 – 1 –4 2
k–3
 mL2   2  k – 3  2h – 8
h– 4
2h – k = 5 ...(ii)
from (i) and (ii),

k 1
h = 3, k = 1  
h 3
31. Answer (2)
Point at 4 units from P(2, 3) will be
A(4cos + 2, 4sin + 3) will satisfy x + y = 7
1
 cos   sin   on squaring
2
3 2 tan  3
 sin2   2

4 1  tan  4
 3tan2 + 8tan + 3 = 0

8  2 7
 tan   (Ignoring –ve sign)
6

8  2 7 1  7
 tan   
6 1 7

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76 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-2)

32. Answer (1)

y = sinx · sin(x + 2) – sin2(x + 1) y

1 cos(2 x  2) 1  cos(2x  2 
= cos( 2)   
2 2  2  (0, 0)
x
(cos 2)  1 2
y = –sin 1
=   sin2 1
2
Graph of y lies in
III and IV Quadrant
33. Answer (2)
If perpendicular makes an angle of 60° with the line x + y = 0.
Then the perpendicular makes an angle of 15° or 75° with x-axis. So the equation of line will be

60°

O
C

x+y=0

xcos75° + ysin75° = 4 or xcos15° + ysin15° = 4

 3  1 x   3  1 y  8 2

or 3  3  1 x   3  1 y  8 2

By rotating the normal towards the line x + y = 0 in anticlockwise sense we get the answer (2).
34. Answer (2)

x y
Let line be  1 ...(i)
a b

1 1

given a b 1
2 4

1 1 1
   ...(ii)
a b 2
By (i) and (ii), we get

x  1 1
 – y 1
a  2 a 

y 
 ( x – y )   – 1  0
2 
 Represents family of line passing through (2, 2)

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-2) Straight Lines 77
35. Answer (1)

 2  4 4  2 
Mid point of PQ   ,   (1, 1)
 2 2 

42
Slope of PQ   1
2  4
Slope of perpendicular bisector of PQ = 1
Equation of perpendicular bisector of PQ

y  1  1( x  1)

 y=x
Solving with perpendicular bisector of PR
Circumcentre is (–2, –2)

36. Answer (2)

L1 : 2x + 5y = 10

L2 : – 4x + 3y = 12

Solving L1 and L2 we get

 15 32 
C , 
 13 13 

 1 
Now, let A  x1, 12  4 x1  
 3 

 1 
and B  x2 , 10 – 2 x2  
 5 

3 x1  x2
 2
4

10  2 x2
12  4 x1  
and 5 3
4

So, 3x1 + x2 = 8 and 10 x1 – x2 = – 5

 3 95 
So,  x1, x2    , 
 13 13 

 3 56   95 12 
A ,
13 13  and B   13 , 13 
   

1  3  44  56  110   2860  

=  1 
2  13  13  13  13   169  

132
= sq. units
13

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78 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-2)

37. Answer (3)

Let A(, 2) Given B(2, 3)

2 3
mOA  & mOB 
 2

2 3

  2  4  3  1
tan 
4 2 3 2  6
1 .
 2

4 – 3 = 2 + 6 & 4 – 3 = -2 - 6

2
 &   10
5

 2 
A   , 2  & A(10,2) and B(2, 3)
 5 

2 52
AA  10  
5 5

38. Answer (3)

Let inclination of required line is .

So, the coordinates of point B can be assumed as

 29 29 
 4  cos , 3  sin  

 3 3 

which satisfies x – y – 2 = 0.

29 29
4 cos   3  sin   2  0
3 3

3
sin   cos  
29
By squaring,

20 2tan 
sin2  
29 1  tan2 

5
tan   only because slope is greater than 1
2

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-2) Straight Lines 79

5 2
sin   , cos  
29 29

 10 4 
Point B :  , 
 3 3
which also satisfies x + 2y = 6.
39. Answer (3)

AB : x  2y  1  0 
 A (1, 1)
AC : 2 x – y – 1  0 

Altitude from B is BH = x  2y – 7  0  B(3, 2)

Altitude from C is CH = 2 x  y – 7  0  C(2, 3)

Centroid of ABC = G(2, 2) OG  2 2

40. Answer (2)

Let D be mid-point of AC, then

b3
 1  b  1
2
Let E be mid-point of BC,

3  b
5b 2
  1
ba ab
1
2

On Putting b = –1, we get a = 5 or –3

But a = 5 is rejected as ab > 0
A(–3, 3), B(–1, 5), C(–3, –1), P(1, 1)

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80 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-2)

Line BC  y = 3x + 8

3x
Line AP  y 
2

 13 17 
Point of intersection  , 
 7 7 

Length of Perpendicular, Angle Bisectors,

Reflection and Analysis of Three Lines

41. Answer (3)

px + qy + r = 0
 4px + 4qy + 4r = 0
 4px – 3p + 4qy – 2q + 3p +2q + 4r = 0
 4px – 3p + 4qy – 2q = 0
 p(4x – 3) + q(4y – 2) = 0

 q
i.e. (4x – 3) +  (4y – 2) = 0  Where   
 p
3 1
 Set of lines are passing through x  ,y 
4 2
42. Answer (2) y
Equation of incident line AP is (0, 2 3) (2, 2 3)
Q P
y – 2 3  3( x – 2) 30°

A (1, 3)
3x  y  0 ...(1)

Image of P w.r.t. line x = 1 60°

x 0 B x

is point Q = 0, 2 3 . 
Equation of reflected Ray AB :

2 3 3
y– 3 ( x – 1) y x=1
0 –1

3x  y  2 3

 
 Point 3,  3 lies on line AB.

43. Answer (4)

Given the point (3, 5)
and the line x – y + 1 = 0
So, let the image is (x, y)
So, we have

x 3 y 5 2  3  5  1
 
1 1 1 1

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-2) Straight Lines 81
 x = 4, y = 4
 Point (4, 4)
Which will satisfy the curve
(x – 2)2 + (y – 4)2 = 4
as (4 – 2)2 + (4 – 4)2
=4+0=4
44. Answer (3) 7x 0
– 4y – A(–3, 1) 3=
–
1=
0 +y
 x  3 y3  1 2x
E 3 ,  lies on 2x + y – 3 = 0 E
 2 2 

 x  3  y3  1 C(x3, y3)
 2 3  –30 B A (x2, y2)
 2  2 13 –11
(3, 5)
,
 2x3 + y3 – 11 = 0 ...(i) 5 5

C(x3, y3) lies on 7x – 4y – 1 = 0

 7x3 – 4y3 – 1 = 0 ...(ii)

(i) & (ii)  C  ( x3 , y 3 )  (3, 5)

A (x2, y2) is image of A and is given by

x2  3 y 2  1  7(–3) – 4(1) – 1  4
  –2  
7 –4 2 2  5
 7  (–4) 

 13 –11 
 A  ( x2 , y 2 )   , 
 5 5 

5 1 2
mAC = m1  
3  ( 3) 3

11
5
5  18
mBC = m2 
13
3
5

2
18 –
tan   3 4
2 3
1  18 
3
45. Answer (30)
L1 : 2x – y + 3 = 0
L1 : 4x – 2y +  = 0
L1 : 6x – 3y +  = 0
Distance between L1 and L2;

6 1
  6  2
2 5 5

  = 4, 8

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82 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-2)

Distance between L1 and L3;

9 2
  9  6
3 5 5

  = 15, 3
Sum of all values = 4 + 8 + 15 + 3 = 30
46. Answer (3)

1
1 2  BP  AH 4
 
2 1 7
 BC  AH
2

 20 11 
P ,
 7 7 

Line AC : y – 1 = 2(x – 1)

1 
Intersection with x-axis =  , 0 
2 

2
Line AP : y  1  ( x  1)
3

 1 
Intersection with x-axis =  , 0 
 2 

1   1 
Vertices are (1, 1),  , 0  and  , 0 
 2   2 

1
Area  sq. unit
2
47. Answer (31)

4 3
  4  8  15  3
5 2
23

7

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-2) Straight Lines 83

 23 
A   , 0  Q   5, 4 
 7 
 23 
 10  7 8 
R  , 
 3 3

 
 31 8 
 , 
 7 3
23
Bisector of angle PAQ is X =
7

 M   , 
23 8
 7 3
So, 7 + 3 = 31

Transformation of Axes and

Pair of Straight Lines
48. Answer (2)
Pair of bisector for ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 0 are

x 2  y 2 xy

ab h

 for x2 – 4xy – 5y2 = 0 are

x 2  y 2 xy

1 5 2

 –x2 + y2 – 3xy = 0
 x2 – y2 + 3xy = 0
[Miscellaneous]
49. Answer (3)
Let centroid G be (, )
we have 3 = 1 + 3 + h h =3 – 4 P(h, k)
3 = 4 – 2 + k k = 3 – 2
but P(h, k) lies on 2x – 3y + 4 = 0
G()
2(3 – 4) – 3 (3 – 2) + 4 = 0
6 – 9 – 8 + 6 + 4 = 0 Q(1, 4) R(3, –2)

6 – 9 + 2 = 0
Locus: 6x – 9y + 2 = 0

6 2
Slope  
9 3
50. Answer (1)
Let coordinate of P is (2, )
and coordinate of mid-point M is (x1, y1).

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84 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-2)

 Coordinate of Q y
= (2x1 – 2, 2y1 – ) y=x

 Q lies on line y = x y 1)
Q x 1,
  = 2x1 – 2y1 ...(i) M(
x = 2y
P
(Slope of line PQ)  (Slope of line y = x) = –1 (2 , )
x O
x
  y1
  1
2  x1
y
x1  y1
  ...(ii)
3
From equation (i) and (ii) : 5x1 = 7y1
 Required locus is 5x = 7y.
51. Answer (1)
Let f(x, y) = x + y – 1
 f(1, 2).f(sin, cos) > 0

 2  sin  + cos  – 1 > 0

 sin+ cos > 1

  1
 sin     
 4 2

   3 
   , 
4 4 4 


   0, 
 2
52. Answer (4)
y = mx ...(i)
Equation of AC B(3, 4) y = mx
x + 3y = 2 ...(ii)
(i) and (ii)
A(–1, 1)
 2 2m 
 P , 
 3 m  1 3m  1 
C(2, 0)
Equation of BC is
y = 4x – 8 ...(iii)
(i) and (iii)

 8 8m 
 Q , 
4m 4m

1 1 1
1 13
A1  2 0 1 
2 2
3 4 1

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-2) Straight Lines 85

1 13
A2  A1 
3 6

2 0 1

1 8 8m 13
 1 [Taking points anticlockwise]
2 4m 4m 6
2 2m
1
3m  1 3m  1

15m2 – 11m – 4 = 0

4
m = 1, But  m  0 
15
m=1
53. Answer (4)
3 x  4y  9  1
mx  y  1  4
 3  4m  x  5
5
 x m = –1 and –2 only
3  4m
gives x-coordinate as integer
54. Answer (1)
D
C
On solving equation 4x + 5y = 0
0

and 11x + 7y = 9 we get

2y =
+

5 4 x
B ,– 
7x

y=
3 3
and on solving equation A(0, 0) 4 x + 5y = 0 B
11 x + 7 y = 9
7x + 2y = 0 and 11x + 7y = 9, we get

 2 7
Coordinate of D   – , 
 3 3

 1 1
 Mid point of BD  M   , 
2 2
 Equation of other diagonal is y = x
 Point (2, 2) lies on other diagonal.
55. Answer (2)
A(0, 6) and B(2t, 0)
Let mid point AB be m = (t, 3)

6 3
and mAB  
2t t
 Equation of perpendicualr bisector is

t
y 3  x  t 
3
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86 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-2)

 3y – 9 = tx – t2

 9  t2 
 C   0, 
 3 

Let mid point of MC be (h, k)

t 0 3  9  t2
  h and  2k
2 3
 9 + 9 – (2h)2 = 6k
 18 – 4x2 = 6y
 2x2 + 3y – 9 = 0
56. Answer (1)
  1
1
5 6 1  12
2
3 2 1
|4 – 2 – 8| = 24
|2 –  – 4| = 12
Locus = 2x – y – 4 = 12, 2x – y – 4 = –12
2x – y – 16 = 0, 2x – y + 8 = 0
Required length = minimum perpendicular distance from origin

 16 8  8
 min  , 
 5 5  5
P(–3, 4)
57. Answer (1250)
To minimize distance PR + RQ
Take mirror image of P in y = 0
P = (–3, –4) Q(0, 2)
If we join PQ we will get required R
Equation of PQ  y = 2x + 2 So R = (–1, 0)
R
P = (–3, 4) R(–1, 0) Q(0, 2)
PR2 + RQ2 = 20 + 5 = 25 P(–3, –4)
58. Answer (3)
2x  y  4 
 y  2, x  3
2 x  6 y  14 

B(1, 2)
Let C(k, 4 – 2k)
Now AB2 = AC2
52 + (–1)2 = (6 – k)2 + (–3 + 2k)2
 5k2 – 24k + 19 = 0

19
(5k – 19)(k – 1) = 0  k 
5

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-2) Straight Lines 87

 19 18 
C ,  
 5 5 

Centroid (, )
19
6  1
 5  18
3 5
18
1 2 
 5  1
3 5
Now, 15( + )

 17 
15    51
 5 
59. Answer (2)
One vertex of square is
(10 (cos – sin), 10(sin + cos))
and one of the diagonal is
(cos – sin) x + (sin + cos)y = 10
So, the other diagonal can be obtained as
(cos + sin)x – (cos – sin)y = 0
So, point of intersection of diagonal will be
(5(cos – sin), 5(cos + sin)).
Therefore, the vertex opposite to the given vertex is (0, 0).

So, the diagonal length = 10 2

Side length (a) = 10
It is given that


a 2  11a  3 m12  m22  220 
220  100  110 10
m12  m22  
3 3
and m1 m2 = – 1
Slopes of the sides are tan and – cot

1
tan2   3 or
3
72(sin4 + cos4) + a2 – 3a + 13

tan4   1
 72   a 2  3a  13  128
1  tan  
2
2

  

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Chapter 11

Straight Lines

Solutions (Step-3)

SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions (One option is correct)
1. Answer (1)

bc
Ratio =  11 : 4 externally
a

2. Answer (1)

tan B  tan C 3 2 3

Ratio =   22 3
tan A 1

3. Answer (2)
Lines xcos + ysin = p and xsin – ycos = 0 are perpendicular to each other. Thus ax + by + p = 0 is
equally inclined to these lines and it will be the angle bisector of these lines. Now equations of angle bisectors
is
xsin – ycos = ± (xcos + ysin  p)
 x(cos – sin) + y(sin + cos) = p
or x(sin + cos)  y(cos  sin) = p
Comparing these lines with ax + by + p = 0, we get
a b
 1
cos   sin  sin   cos 

a b
 a2 + b2 = 2 or  1
sin   cos  sin   cos 

 a2 + b2 = 2
4. Answer (3)
We observe that the sum of coefficients in all equations is zero.
Hence the lines are concurrent at (1, 1).

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-3) Straight Lines 89
5. Answer (2)
B
The given equation of the line is x – y = 2 B(4, 2)
A = (2, 0) and B = (4, 2)
45°
 2  0
1 45°
BAX  tan   45
 4  2  x
(0, 0) A(2, 0)
 
 B AX  , where B is the new position of B so  
2 2
where AB makes an angle with +ve direction of x-axis
 Equation of AB= x – 2 = 0.
6. Answer (2)
The given line L1 : ax + by + c = 0

  c   c 
P   ,0 , Q   0, 
 a   b
Any line L2 is perpendicular to L1 is
bx – ay +  = 0

    
R    ,0 , S   0, 
 b   a
Equation of line PS is


 c
y  a x  
c  a
a

 c
y  x   …(i)
c a
Equation of line QR is

c
 
y  b x  
  b
b

c 
y  x   …(ii)
 b
Locus of the point of intersection of (i) and (ii) is obtained by eliminating  from (i) and (ii).
From (ii),

c c
y  x …(iii)
b 
Multiplying (i) and (iii), we get
 c  c
y y    xx  
 b  a

c c
x2  y 2  x y 0
a b

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90 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-3)

7. Answer (4)

x y
PS   1
2 c

x y
RQ   1 Q(0, 3)
3c 3 2
y x c
2 3

 14 7c  P(2, 0) 3x + 2y = 6
Let point of intersection be (h, k)   2  , 2 
 c(1  c ) c  4 
2
S(0, c)  3 c 
R , 0 3x + 2y = 6
Eliminating c, we get  2 

h2 + k2 – 2h – 3k = 0
 x2 + y2 – 2x – 3y = 0
8. Answer (1)
Let P(h, k) be foot of perpendicular from O.

h0 k 0 ( 1)
 
1 1 1 1
 2
   2


 k
  ...(i) k  m2 ...(ii)
 h

m2 m2
  and  
k h

1 1 1
Using 2
 2

  m2

h2  k 2 1
 4
  x 2  y 2  m2
m m2
9. Answer (4)

x y 3
L  1 m
4 3 4

4  3c 
L1  y  x  c  P   , 0  and Q  (0, c )
3  4 

x y 4x y
AQ    1 and BP   1
4 c 3c 3
cx + 4y = 4c and 4x – cy = 3c ...(i)
Let R(h, k)
 ch + 4k = 4c

4k
 c ...(ii)
h4

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-3) Straight Lines 91
Put (ii) in (i), we get

 4k   4k 
4h   k  3 h  4 
 h  4   
4h(h – 4) + 4k2 = –12k
4x2 + 4y2 – 16x + 12y = 0
x2 + y2 – 4x + 3y = 0
10. Answer (2)
tan RPQ  tan RQP R(h, k)
 tan 2
1  tan RPQ tan RQP

k k

h  2 h  2  tan 2  x 2  y 2  2 xy cot 2  4
k2 Q(–2, 0) P(2, 0)
1 2
h 4

11. Answer (2)

SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions (One or more than one option(s) is/are correct)
1. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)

1
Area = 4   3  6  36
2

y
(0, 6)
x y
– + =1 x y
3 6 + =1
3 6

x
(–3, 0) (3, 0)
x y
x y – =1
– – =1 3 6
3 6
(0, –6)

Hence all options are correct.

2. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4) (4, 7)
AB = 3

BC = 3 2
3 2
AC = 3 3

 AB2 +AC2 = BC2

Hence, A = 90°
Orthocentre = A = (4, 4) A (4, 4) 3 B (7, 4)

 11 11 
Circumcentre =  , 
 2 2 

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92 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-3)

 447 447 
Centroid = 

,   (5,5)
3 3

 37343 2 4 343 2 447 

Incentre =  , 
 333 2 333 2 

 11  4 2 11  4 2 
=  , 
 2 2 2 2 
3. Answer (1, 2, 3)
Let the slope of the line is m.

m2 1 (2, 3)
tan 45° =   m  3, m 
1  2m 3
m
Lines y – 3 = –3 (x – 2)
y  3x  9 45°
2x – y + 3 = 0
1
and y – 3 = ( x  2)
3
3y – 9 = x – 2

3y  x  7

4. Answer (2, 3, 4)

(1) Let the image is (, ) then

  3   4 2(3  3  4  5) 40 20
     4
1 3 1 9 10 5
  1,   8

3435 20
(2) Distance =   2 10
1 9 10
(3) True
(4) Equation is 3x – y + k = 0
At x = 3, y = 4
9–4+k=0

 k  5

Hence, equation is 3x – y – 5 = 0
5. Answer (1, 3, 4)
(1) m1 = m2 for parallel lines
(2) m1m2 = –1

3 4
m1  and m2   m1m2  1
4 3
But 3y – 4x – 1 = 0 does not passes through (1, 1).

10  5
(3) d  1
32  4 2

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-3) Straight Lines 93
6. Answer (1, 2)
(a + a  2) (a + a + 2) < 0  a  (1, 1)
7. Answer (1, 2, 3)
Vertices are rational parts

 x y 
 Centroid  1 , 1  is rational.
 3 3 

Vertices are rational.

 Coefficient of equations of lines perpendicular to the sides are also rational.
Orthocenter is intersection point of equations of altitudes.
 Orthocenter is rational. Orthocenter, centroid and circumcentre are collinear and centroid divides the line
segment in the ratio 2 : 1.
 Circumcentre are also rational.

 px1  qx2  rx3 py1  qy 2  ry 3 

Incentre =  , 
 pqr pqr 
Here p, q, r may be irrational.
Hence incentre is not always rational.
8. Answer (3, 4)
A line parallel to given line
3x – 4y +  = 0 …(i)
3x – 4y – 2 = 0 …(ii)

 –  –2
4
9  16

|  + 2 | = 20   = 18, –22
 Lines are 3x – 4y + 18 = 0 & 3x – 4y – 22 = 0
9. Answer (2, 4)
PA2 = BP2
[p – (a + b)]2 + [q – (b – a)]2 = [p – (a – b)] 2 + [q – (a + b)]2
aq = bp
 P(p, q) can be (a, b).
10. Answer (1, 3)
Let line (1) makes angle 1, with positive x axis.

2a
 tan 1 
1– a2

 2a 
1  tan–1  –1
  2 tan a
 1– a2 
Let line (ii) makes angle 2 with x-axis.

2b
 tan 2 
1– b2

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94 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-3)

2b
 2  tan–1 2
 2 tan–1 b
1– b
1   2
 Angle bisector between these two lines makes angle   with positive axis.
2
1 1  ab 
  1  2  tan–1 a  tan–1 b  tan–1  
2 2  1– ab 
 ab
 tan   
 1– ab 

ab
 Equation of bisector is y – q 
1– ab
 x – p
(a + b) (x – p) – (1 – ab) (y – q) = 0
Two bisector are perpendicular.

– 1– ab 
 Second bisector is y – q   x – p
 a  b
(1 – ab) (x – p) + (a + b) (y – q) = 0
11. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)

 pq pq 
Point of intersection of lines is  , which will satisfy all the four lines.
 p  q p  q 

12. Answer (2, 4)

B (a + b, b – a), C(a – b, a + b)
Let M be mid point of BC.
2a a
M (a, b), Slope of BC = –
–2b b
b
 Slope of AM =
a
b
Equation of AM, y – b =
a
 x – a
y x b
–1 = –1  y = x
b a a

a   b  b
 , 1 (a, b) and  1,  will satisfy this equation, but (a, b) is the mid-point of BC. Therefore only  1, 
b a a

a 
and  , 1 can be the required vertex
b 

13. Answer (2, 3)

Third point of equilateral  be

 x1  x 2  3  y1 – y 2  x1  x 2  3  y1 – y 2  
 , 
 2 2 

 0  3  2 0  3  2  

 2
,
2 

   3,  3 
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Solutions of Assignment (Step-3) Straight Lines 95
14. Answer (2, 3)
x + 2y + 3 = 0 & x + 2y – 7 = 0 are parallel lines
Equation of a line parallel to 2x – y – 4 = 0 is 2x – y +  = 0
In a square distance between two parallel lines are equal

 37  4
   
1 4  4 1

  + 4 = | 10 |
 = 6, –14
Lines are 2x – y + 6 = 0 & 2x – y – 14 = 0
15. Answer (2, 3)

1 3
Centre of circle be  , – 
2 2

Let line L1 be y = mx
Intercepts are equal.
 Lines are at equal distance from the centre.
1 3 1 3
m – –1
2 2  2 2
m2  1 2

|(m + 3)| = 2 2 m2  1
Squaring both sides,
7m2 – 6m – 1 = 0

1
 m = 1, –
7

1
 Lines are y = x & y  – x
7
x – y = 0 & x + 7y = 0
16. Answer (1, 3)
1
Slope of line m = tan30° =
3
1
 Equation of line y = x C
3

 
Intersection parts on axis are A – 3C, 0 and B(0, C)

Given AB = 10

3C 2  C 2  10  C  5

1
 Lines are y = x 5
3

x – 3y  5 3  0

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96 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-3)

17. Answer (1, 4)

5–3 1
Slope of AC, m = 
7 –1 3

Sides through A(1, 3) makes angle with line AC.
4

m  tan
 Equation of sides are y  3  4 ( x – 1)

1  m tan
4
1
1
y 3  3 ( x – 1)
1
1
3

(1  3)
y 3  ( x – 1)
(3  1)
 Lines are 2x – y + 1 = 0 & x + 2y – 7 = 0.
18. Answer (1, 4)

Case-I : When a  R  {0}

 a2 is positive
x2 + y 2 + a 2 = 0
So, no real locus.
Case-II : When a = 0
 x2 + y2 = 0
 x = 0; y = 0
which is a point (0, 0).
19. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)
If at all the equation,
x3 + y3 – kx2y + axy2 = 0 represents three straight lines then they all must pass through origin. So irrespective
of k we choose the area with always remain zero.
20. Answer (3, 4)
Let the co-ordinates of C be (h, k)
C(h, k)
Now since AOB = 90° = ACB
b
So, OACB is a cyclic quadrilateral
B 
 AOC = ABC a

a 
 tan ABC =
b O A

a k a
 tan   y  x
b h b
The required locus
a
Similarly, the other locus may be y   x
b

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-3) Straight Lines 97

SECTION - C
Linked Comprehension Type Questions
Comprehension-I
1. Answer (2)
A(a, 1); B(1, b) ;C (0, 0)
(CA)2 = (CB)2 = (AB)2
a2 + 1 = b2 + 1 = (a – 1)2 + (b – 1)2
a=b
b2 + 1 = a2 + b2 – 2a – 2b + 2
0 = a2 – 2a – 2b + 1
a2 – 4a + 1 = 0

a=2– 3

Side CA = a2  1  8 – 4 3

Area of equilateral,

=
4
3
(Side)2 =
4
3

8–4 3 =   
3 2– 3 = 2 3 –3

2. Answer (1)
AC2 = BC2 C (0,0)

 a=b
5 AB2 = 2 AC2
5[(a – 1)2 + (b – 1)2] = 2(a2 + 1)
5.2(a – 1)2 = 2(a2 + 1)
2a2 – 5a + 2 = 0 A B (1, b)
(a, 1)
1
a=2&
2
a<1
 a  (0, 1) and b  (0, 1)

1
 a= =b
2

1
 ab =
4
3. Answer (1)
AB2 = AC2 + BC2
(a – 1)2 + (b – 1)2 = a2 + 1 + b2 + 1
–2a – 2b = 0
 a+b=0

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98 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-3)

Comprehension-II
1. Answer (1)
Equation of OA  4x + 5y = 0 …(i)
Equation of OC  7x + 2y = 0 …(ii)
Equation of AC  11x + 7y = 9 …(iii)

5 4 C B
Solve equation (i) & (iii), A  , – 
3 3
M
 2 7
Solve equation (ii) & (iii), C  – , 
 3 3

1 1 O A
Mid point of AC,  ,  (0, 0)
2 2

 Point B (1, 1)
 Equation of OB, y = x
2. Answer (4)

 5 4
Vertices are (0, 0), (1, 1),  ,– 
 3 3

3. Answer (1)
Area of parallelogram = 2 [Area of  OAB]

0 0 1
1 5 4
= 2. – 1 =3
2 3 3
1 1 1
Comprehension-III
1. Answer (4)
Let L  ax + by + c = 0

BP CQ AR | ax2  by 2  c | ax3  by 3  c | | ax1  by1  c |

Then,      1
PC QA RB | ax3  by 3  c | | ax1  by1  c | | ax2  by 2  c |

2. Answer (3)

x1  x2  x3
=0  x1 + x2 + x3 = 0
3
Similarly, y1 + y2 + y3 = 0, let the line is ax + by + c = 0

ax1  by1  c ax2  by 2  c ax3  by 3  c

Then,   1
a b
2 2
a b
2 2
a 2  b2

a(x1 + x2 + x3) + b(y1 + y2 + y3) + 3c = a2  b2

3c = a 2  b 2
9c2 = a2 + b2

a2 b2
 9 
c2 c2

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-3) Straight Lines 99
3. Answer (4)
From Question 1,

BP CQ AR
  1
PC QA RB

2 1 AR AR 3
   1  
1 3 RB RB 2

 R divides AB externally in the ratio 3 : 2

Comprehension-IV
1. Answer (2)
2. Answer (1)
3. Answer (2)
Solutions of Q. Nos. 1 to 3
As ,  are roots of x2 – 6p1, x + 2 = 0
  +  = 6p1,  = 2 …(i)
Also, , ,  are roots of x2 – 6p2x + 3 = 0
  +  = 6p2,  = 3 …(ii)
And ,  are roots of x2 – 6p3x + 6 = 0
  +  = 6p3,  = 6 …(iii)
 ()  ()  () = 2.3.6
 = 6 …(iv)
From (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), we get  = 3, = 2, = 1

1 2 5
And p1  ,p  ,p 
2 2 3 3 6
Now, centroid of ABC, is

   11 1 1   6 1 1 1 
 ,       ,   1   
3 3      3 3 2 3 

 11
  2, 
 18 

Comprehension-V
1. Answer (1)
2. Answer (2)
3. Answer (1)
Solutions of Q. Nos. 1 to 3
Let ‘O’ be origin and let a1x + b1y = 1 and a2x + b2y = 1 be two given straight lines equation of straight line
passing through ‘O’

x y
 …(i)
cos  sin 

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100 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-3)

This line cuts a1x + b1y = 1 and a2x + b2y = 1 at L and M respectively. Let OL = r1 and OM = r2. Then
L  (r1cos, r1sin) and M  (r2cos, r2sin)
Let N(h, k) be a variable point in equation (i) such that
ON = r3  h = r3cos
k = r3sin
Since L, M lie on a1x + b1y = 1 and a2x + b2y = 1
 r1(a1cos + b1sin) = 1 and r2(a2cos + b2sin) = 1

r1 1 r 1
  and 2  …(ii)
r3 a1h  b1k r3 a2 h  b2 k

Now, when ON is AM of OL and OM

r1  r2 r r
 r3   1  2 2
2 r3 r3

1 1
  2
a1h  b1k a2h  b2k

(a1 + a2)h + (b1 + b2)k – (a1 + a2)h – (b1 + b2)k + 2(a1b2 + a2b1)hk = 0 is required locus
When ON is geometric mean of OL and OM

r1 r2
 r32  r1r2   1
r3 r3

 r3   r3 
or       1  (a1h  b1k ) (a2h  b2k )  1
 r1   r2 

 a1a2-x2 + b1b2y2 + (a1b2 + a2b1)xy = 1 is required locus

When ON is harmonic mean of OL and OM

2 1 1
  
r3 r1 r2

r3 r3
  2
r1 r2

 (a1h + b1k) + (a2h + b2k) = 2

 (a1 + a2)h + (b1 + b2)k = 2 is required locus

SECTION - D
Matrix-Match Type Questions
1. Answer A(q), B(p), C(s), D(r)
P(3, 2)
Image in y = 0 is (3, –2)
Image in x = 0 is (–3, 2)
Image in y = x sway (x, y)  (y, x), i.e., (2, 3)
Image in x + y = 0 (–2, –3)

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-3) Straight Lines 101
2. Answer A(q), B(r), C(s), D(p)
Mid point of AC, M(3, 2) M lie on y = 2x + C
A (1, 3) B
 C = –4
Equation of BD r
y = 2x – 4 m
C
BM = r = AM = 41 5 (5, 1)
Slope of Line BD is tan  = 2 D
2
 sin  =
5

1
cos  =
5
Let B (h, k)

h=3± 5 cos  = 3 ± 1 = 4, 2
k = 2 ± sin  = 2 ± 2 = 4, 0
B (4, 4) & D (2, 0)

5 7
Mid-point of AB =  , 
2 2

 9 5
Mid-point of BC =  , 
 2 2

3. Answer A(q), B(s), C(p), D(r)

L  x + y + 1 = 0, let 2 points on line, i.e., P(–1, 0) and Q(0, –1).
(A) 2x + y + 1 = 0
P and Q about 2x + y + 1 = 0, we get

x  1 y  0 2( 2  1)  1 2 
   P  , 
2 1 4 1  5 5 

x  0 y  1 2(0)
and    Q(0,  1)
2 2 5
PQ = 7x + y + 1 = 0
Similarly, other images can be found.
4. Answer A(p, q, r, s, t), B(p), C(q), D(r)
(A) Let the line is ax + by + c = 0 …(i)
and the points are (xi, yi) where i = 1, 2, 3,…..n. Algebraic length of perpendicular from (xi, yi)

axi  by i  c
pi 
a2  b2

a  x i  b  y i  nc
But p  0 i 
a2  b 2
0

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102 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-3)

a  xi b  y i
  c  0 …(ii)
n n
By (i) and (ii),

 xi  yi
x , y , which are the coordinates of fixed point
n n
According to the problem,

2  1 3
x 2
3

336
y 4
3
Hence, fixed point = (2, 4).

(3, 3) 2 (x , y ) 1 (1, 1)
(B)
(Orthocenter) (centroid) (circumcentre)

As we know that centroid divides the distance between orthocenter and circumcentre in the ratio 2 : 1.

2  1 1 3 5
Hence, x  
21 3

2  1 1 3 5
y 
2 1 3

5 5
Hence, coordinates are  , .
3 3

 ax1  bx2  cx3 ay1  by 2  cy 3 

(C) Using the formula that coordinates of incentre are  , 
abc abc

(0, 4)

5
4

(0, 0) 3 (3, 0)

According to the problem the incentre is given by

 5  0  4  3  3  0 5  0  4  0  3  4   12 12 
     ,   1, 1
435 435 12 12
(D) Lines are x = 0, y = 0, x + y = 2. As we know that the lines x = 0 and y = 0 are perpendicular hence
orthocenter is (0, 0).
5. Answer A(q, t), B(p), C(r), D(s)
(A) As we know that image of point A through y = x and 2x + 3y + 13 = 0 will lie on BC.
Clearly B1 = (x1 , y1) = (3, 2)
C1 = (x2, y2) and the line mirror 2x + 3y + 13 = 0.

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-3) Straight Lines 103
To find the (x2 , y2) we use the formula for image
A(2, 3)
x 2  2 y 2  3 2  2  2  3  3  13
 
2 3 49

x2  2 y 2  3 2  26
    4
2 3 13
 x2 = –8 + 2, y2 = –12 + 3 x
y= I 2x
+3
y+
x2 = –6, y2 = –9 13
=0
B C
 C1 = (–6, –9) B1 C1
(x1,y1) (x2,y2)
9  2
Hence equation of BC is y  2   x  3
6  3

11 
 y 2  x  3
9
9y – 18 = 11x – 33  11x – 9y – 15 = 0
(B) B is the point of intersection of y = x and 11x – 9y – 15 = 0

 15 15 
 B , 
 2 2 
(C) Point ‘C’ is intersection of
2x + 3y + 13 = 0 …(i)
and 11x – 9y – 15 = 0 …(ii)

 24 173 
 C , 
 17 51 
(D) Incentre is the point of intersection of any two internal angle bisectors
y=x ...(i)
2x + 3y + 13 = 0 …(ii)

 13 13 
 I = incentre =   ,  
5 5

SECTION - E
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
1. Answer (4)
m is variable.
 Radius of circumcircle are also variable.
2. Answer (1)
 p, x1, x2 …… and q, y1, y2, y3 …… are in AP with common difference ‘a’ and ‘b’ respectively
 xi = p + ai and yi = q + ib

x1  x2    xn y  y 2    y n
 h and k  1
n n
n n
 nh  x
i 1
i and nk   y i
i 1

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104 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-3)

n n
 nh   ( p  ia ) and nk   (q  ib )
i 1 i 1

n(n  1) n(n  1)b

 nh  np  a and nk  nq 
2 2

h  p n 1 k q
  
a 2 b

h p k q
 
a b
Hence locus of (h, k) is b{x – p} = a{k – q}.
Hence, statement-2 is true and
 For statement-1, n = 3
 Statement-1 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
3. Answer (3)
As ax2 + 2hxy + by2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 represents the general equation of second degree.
But it represents a pair of straight line, if
abc + 2fgh – af2 – bg2 – ch2 = 0
Also, (2x – y – 5) (x + 2y – 3) = 2x2 + 3xy – 2y2 – 11x – 7y + 15 = 0
Hence option (3) correct.
4. Answer (4)
The bisectors of angles between lines in new position are same as bisectors of angles between their old
positions, is always true.
 The equation of angle bisectors of angle between lines in new position is

x 2  y 2 xy
  px 2  2 xy  py 2  0
1  ( 1)  p

Hence option (3) correct.

5. Answer (3)
Angle bisector of a triangle does not divide the triangle into two similar triangles and hence statement-2 is
wrong.

SECTION - F
Integer Answer Type Questions
1. Answer (1)
5x + 7y = 12 …(i)
y = kx + 2 …(ii)
By (i) and (ii),
5x + 7(kx + 2) = 12

2
 x
5  7k

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-3) Straight Lines 105
Now for x to be integer
5 + 7k = 1, –1, 2, –2

4 6 3
 k   ,  ,  , 1
7 7 7
Hence only one value of k exists.
2. Answer (2)
The equation of the given lines
x + y = 1, x + y = 3 B required line
y+x=1
2 (1, 1) 
Distance between the lines   2 2
2
A
The line passes through (1, 1) intersects an intercepts C y+x=3
length 2 unit which can be shown as following.
As AB = 2

2 1
 cos       45o
2 2
Let the slope of required line is m.

m 1 m 1 m 1
tan 45o   =   1,  1
1 m 1 m 1 m

m 1
If,  1  m + 1 = m – 1  m = 0
1 m

m 1
If,  1  m + 1 = –1 + m,  m  
1 m
Hence the equation of the lines is y = 1 and x = 1
Hence two lines are there.
3. Answer (5)
If origin is fixed then the perpendicular distance of (0, 0) from the line is always constant.
1 1
  2 2
2 2
 1  1  1  1
         
3 4 a b
2
1 1 1 1 25  5 
      
a 2 b 2 9 16 144  12 

5
 k  12k  5
12
4. Answer (0)
The distance of the line x + y = 6 from origin (0, 0) is

6
3 2
2

So, the minimum distance of the line x + y = 6 from (0, 0) is 3 2 , which is greater than the given distance,
hence no such line is possible.

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106 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-3)

5. Answer (1)
Making the equation
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = c2 homogeneous
with kx + hy = 2hk, we get the required condition that

kx  hy
1
2hk
h2 + k2 = c2
Hence t = 1
6. Answer (3)
Let the point Q be (h + 3, h).
Now since after reaching point Q it starts moving farther
So, PQ must be perpendicular to the line
P(1, 2)
h2
Slope of PQ
h2
Slope of the line 1 Q(3, 0)
 h – 2 = – (h + 2)
 2h = 0  h = 0
So, Q = (3, 0)
 a + b is 3
7. Answer (4)
x-intercept = 2cos and y-intercept = 2sin
Let mid-point is (h, k)  h = cos and k = sin
 Locus cos2 + sin2 = h2 + K2 = x2 + y2 = 1
 A=1
 4A = 4
8. Answer (2)
For concurrency,
3 1 2
2 1 3  0
a2 2a 6

 a2 – 2a – 6 = 0

 a  1 7

 sum of values  1  7  1  7  2
9. Answer (4)
The mid point of these vertices lies on 2x – y – c = 0

 1 5   3  1
i.e. 2   c  0
 2   2 
6–4–c=0
 c=2

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-3) Straight Lines 107
10. Answer (4)
Images are (–2, 3), (2, –3) and (3, 2)

2 3 1
1
Area of   2 3 1
2
3 2 1

1
 [ 2( 5)  3( 1)  1(4  9)]
2

1
 [10  3  13]  13
2
sum of digits of A = 1 + 3 = 4

SECTION - G
Previous Years Questions
1. Answer (C)
The given point is the centroid of the triangle.
2. Answer (B)
Let ABC = 2, and r the radius of the inscribed circle then AB and CD can be expressed in terms of r and . Area
of quadrilateral that is trapezium in our case, can be get in term of r and  and then we can solve the equation for r.
3. Answer (D)
For collinear points

 sin(   )  cos  1
 cos(   ) sin  1
cos(    ) sin(  ) 1

Clearly   0 for any value of , , , hence points are non-collinear.

IInd method : (by observation)
cos sin
P R Q
(–sin( –  ), –cos ) (cos( –  ), sin )

 cos  ·cos(   )  sin  sin(   ) 

 , 
In this case R   sin   cos  
 cos  sin   sin  cos  
 
 sin   cos  

 cos(    ) sin(  ) 
R  , 
 sin   cos  sin   cos ) 

 (cos(    ), sin(  )) , if sin + cos = 1


Which is not possible if 0 <  <
4
Hence points are non-collinear.

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108 Straight Lines Solutions of Assignment (Step-3)

4. Answer (B)
The question is too simple from the diagram, the given line

(0, 1)

120°
60°
 1 
 ,0 

 3 
 1 
3 x  y  1 makes an angle 120° with x-axis and intersects at  , 0  . A line making an angle 60° with
 3 
the given line is either x-axis or different from x-axis. By observation it is clear that the straight line
y  3 x  2  3 3  0 is the required line.

Second Solution
The equation of the line through (–3, – 2) may be written as
y + 2 = m(x – 3)

which will make 60° with 3 x  y  1 if

m 3
 tan60 
1  3m

m 3
 3 
1  3m

 m  3 or m  0

Since the line intersects x-axis also, hence m  0 consequently m  3 and the required line is

y  2  3( x  3)

 y  3x  2  3 3  0
5. Answer A(s), B(p, q), C(r), D(p, q, s)
(A) Solving L1 and L3

x y 1
 
36  10 12  25 2  15
 x = 2, y = 1
L1, L2, L3 are concurrent, if (2, 1) lies on L2
 6–k–1=0 k=5
(B) Either L1 is parallel to L2, or L3 is parallel to L2,

1 3 3 k
then  or 
3 k 5 2

6
 k = –9 or k 
5

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Solutions of Assignment (Step-3) Straight Lines 109
(C) L1, L2, L3 form a triangle, if they are not concurrent, or not parallel

6 5
 k  5,  9,  k 
5 6
(D) L1, L2, L3 do not form a triangle, if

6
k  5,  9, 
5
6. Answer (9)
7. Answer (77.14)
Solution for Q 6 and 7

x 2  y –1 x 2 – y 1
C:  2
3 3

 C : 2 x 2 – ( y – 1)2  3 2

C cuts y – 1 = 2x at R(x1, y1) and S(x2, y2)

2 2 2 3
So, 2 x – 4 x  3  x 
2

So, x1 – x2  6  and y1 – y 2  2 x1 – x2  2 6 

 RS2 = (x1 – x2)2 + (y1 – y2)2  270 = 302 2 = 9

 x1  x2 y1  y 2 
 Slope of RS = 2 and mid-point of RS is  ,   (0, 1)
 2 2 
1
So, R S   y – 1  – x
2
1 12 2
Solving y – 1  – x with ‘C’ we get x 2  
2 7
12 1 12
 x1 – x2  2  and y1 – y 2  x1 – x2  
7 2 7
2 12
Hence, D   R S    ( x1 – x2 )2  ( y1 – y 2 )2  .9  5  77.14
7

  

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