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Learning the Building
Blocks of Better Spelling
and Vocabulary

prefixes suffixes

roots
Cherie A. Plant
 R D R O O
O Level 4 T
W

S
Learning the Building Blocks of Better
Spelling and Vocabulary

Word Roots products available in print, software, or eBook form.

Word Roots Series
• Beginning • Level 1 • Level 2 • Level 3 • Level 4
Flashcards: Beginning • Level 1 • Level 2 • Level 3

Written by
Cherie A. Plant

Edited by
Patricia Gray

Graphic Design by
Scott Slyter
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Word Roots Level 4 Table of Contents
Table of Contents
About the Author............................................................................................................................... iii
Introduction........................................................................................................................................iv
Pretest/Posttest................................................................................................................................ vii
Lessons and Reviews
Lesson 1 – acou, dog/dox, meter, ortho..........................................................................................1
Lesson 2 – aesth/esth/esthesi/esthesio, meter...............................................................................4
Lesson 3 – agon, culp, prot.............................................................................................................7
Review: Lessons 1-3..............................................................................................................10
Lesson 4 – agora, fort, ornitho/phob..............................................................................................15
Lesson 5 – anemo, bar/baro, meter/metr, phil, trop.......................................................................18
Lesson 6 – anth/antho, chrys, geo, graph, heli, phag, phyte.........................................................21
Review: Lessons 4-6..............................................................................................................24
Lesson 7 – arch/arche/crac, glyph, hier/heiro, olig, type...............................................................29
Lesson 8 – aort, arct, thes/thet......................................................................................................32
Lesson 9 – asper, turb...................................................................................................................35
Review: Lessons 7-9..............................................................................................................38
Lesson 10 – branchi/branchio,helminth, platy, pod/pus, rrhine.....................................................43
Lesson 11 – cant...........................................................................................................................46
Lesson 12 – cephal/cephalo, morph, thorax..................................................................................49
Review: Lessons 10-12..........................................................................................................52
Lesson 13 – cint, cuss...................................................................................................................57
Lesson 14 – cinemat/cinemato/kin, esth/esthe, graph..................................................................60
Lesson 15 – ciner, combus............................................................................................................63
Review: Lessons 13-15..........................................................................................................66
Lesson 16 – colla, gen, mano, meter, sphygm/sphygmo/sphyx....................................................71
Lesson 17 – cryo, cryst, gen, phil, scop, therap............................................................................74
Lesson 18 – dactyl/dactylio/dactylo, glyph, gram, ptero, scop......................................................77
Review: Lessons 16-18..........................................................................................................80
Lesson 19 – cardio, echo, gram, lal, locat.....................................................................................85
Lesson 20 – anthrop, eo, graph, lith/litho, paleo, sphere...............................................................88
Lesson 21 – ergo/urg, metall, meter, nom, phob, pyro..................................................................91
Review: Lessons 19-21..........................................................................................................94
Lesson 22 – calypt, peps/pept, phor..............................................................................................99
Lesson 23 – felic, troph...............................................................................................................102
Lesson 24 – flu/fluc/flux...............................................................................................................105
Review: Lessons 22-24........................................................................................................108
Lesson 25 – ambul, foli, somn.....................................................................................................113
Lesson 26 – glac.........................................................................................................................116
Lesson 27 – gloss/glosso/glot/glott, lal, poly...............................................................................119
Review: Lessons 25-27........................................................................................................122
Lesson 28 – gen, greg, tum/tumori..............................................................................................127
Lesson 29 – caust, gram, hol/holo, stas/stat/statis......................................................................130
Lesson 30 – hypn/hypno, narco, phob, therap............................................................................133
Review: Lessons 28-30........................................................................................................136
Lesson 31 – fauna, ichthy/ichthyo, saur......................................................................................141
Lesson 32 – lav/lu/luge, pur/purg/purge......................................................................................144
Lesson 33 – anim, loqu, magn/magni..........................................................................................147
Review: Lessons 31-33........................................................................................................150
Lesson 34 – ev, medi, terr...........................................................................................................155
Lesson 35 – crypto, melan, mnem/mnes.....................................................................................158
Lesson 36 – moll/mollusk............................................................................................................161

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Word Roots Level 4 Table of Contents

Review: Lessons 34-36........................................................................................................164

Lesson 37 – leps, mania, narc/narco, thes..................................................................................169
Lesson 38 – dont, dox, ortho, graph, ped, scop..........................................................................172
Lesson 39 – gen, mor, ox/oxy/oxysm..........................................................................................175
Review: Lessons 37-39........................................................................................................178
Lesson 40 – arch, pater/patri.......................................................................................................183
Lesson 41 – pend/pens...............................................................................................................186
Lesson 42 – glyph, graph, petr/petro...........................................................................................189
Review: Lessons 40-42........................................................................................................192
Lesson 43 – anthropo, eso, ichthyo, phag/phago, phyllo, sarco, tomy, xero...............................197
Lesson 44 – phys........................................................................................................................200
Lesson 45 – chrome, cryo, gen, morph, patho, phag, phyte/phyto, therap.................................203
Review: Lessons 43-45........................................................................................................206
Lesson 46 – plac.........................................................................................................................211
Lesson 47 – pon/pone/pose........................................................................................................214
Lesson 48 – brachy, pter/ptero, saur...........................................................................................217
Review: Lessons 46-48........................................................................................................220
Lesson 49 – gen, pyret/pyreto, pyro, therap, tyhp.......................................................................225
Lesson 50 – secute/sequ.............................................................................................................228
Lesson 51 – sec/sicc...................................................................................................................231
Review: Lessons 49-51........................................................................................................234
Lesson 52 – centre, dont, graph, scop, selen/seleno..................................................................239
Lesson 53 – surg/surrect, trauma/traumat...................................................................................242
Lesson 54 – card, graph, meter, phras, scope, tachisto/tachy....................................................245
Review: Lessons 52-54........................................................................................................248
Lesson 55 – ten...........................................................................................................................253
Lesson 56 – appendec/appendix, micro, tme/tom/tome/tomy.....................................................256
Lesson 57 – trude/trus.................................................................................................................259
Review: Lessons 55-57........................................................................................................262
Lesson 58 – fug, phob, verm/vermi, vor......................................................................................267
Lesson 59 – elast, meter, vic/visco..............................................................................................270
Lesson 60 – derma, graph, ophthalm, phyte, therm, xer/xero.....................................................273
Lesson 61 – graph, phag, phone, xyl/xylo...................................................................................276
Review: Lessons 58-61........................................................................................................279
Answer Key.....................................................................................................................................285
Dictionary........................................................................................................................................303

About the Author

A graduate in Elementary Education with a minor in Latin from the City University of New York,
Cherie Plant is an accomplished etymologist (one who studies the origin and derivation of words).
While teaching, Plant found that children as young as seven were fascinated with decoding words
such as “triskaidekaphobia” (fear of the number 13) using the knowledge of prefixes, suffixes, and
root words.
Plant retired from teaching in 1995, but was convinced that other youngsters could benefit from
such study. She has since devoted her time to writing language materials for all age groups, based
on the study of Latin and Greek roots.

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Word Roots Level 4 Introduction

Introduction
“To be a power one must know how to use language;
and how can you place words together unless you know
their derivation and their real meaning?”
— Henry Kraemer

Word Roots is designed to help students expand their spelling, vocabulary, and comprehension
skills. Word Roots is a uniquely designed and challenging workbook based on the word elements:
roots, prefixes, and suffixes. Note that the roots used in this book originate from the Greek
language—the foundation of much of our English language.
Roots, prefixes, and suffixes are the building blocks upon which all words are formed. A
thorough knowledge of these elements will greatly enhance one’s vocabulary and improve one’s
understanding of otherwise unfamiliar words. For example, understanding the meaning of the
roots plac, trus, orth, and sequ would enable one to comprehend numerous words made from
combinations of these elements, such as the following:
placate intrusion orthodox obsequious
implacable protrusive orthotics subsequent
placebo unobtrusive orthodontics sequential
complacent extrusion orthopedist non sequitur
Even more dramatically, the Greek root hydr is the basis for nearly fifty words in our language.
The significance of this lies in the fact that with every new root learned, the resulting growth of
one’s vocabulary can be truly astounding—and Word Roots provides the tools.

Etymology
Etymology is the study of the origin and the historical development of a word. It explains the
earliest known use of a word, its transition from one language to another, and how it changed in
form and meaning over time. Therefore, when reference is being made to “the etymology of a
word,” it means the origin of that particular word.
The word etymology itself is derived from the Greek word etymologia. The root etymon
means true and the suffix -logia means the study of. Etymon is also used in English to refer
to the root of a given word. For example, the Latin word candidus, which means pure, white,
sincere, is the etymon of the English word candid which means honest, frank.

The Difference Between the Definition of a Word and the Etymology of a Word
The definition of a word tells us what a word means and how it is currently used. The
etymology of a word tells us where a word came from, which was often from another language,
and what it once meant.
For example, the dictionary definition of the word disaster is any happening that causes great
harm or damage; serious or sudden misfortune; a catastrophe. However, the etymology of the
word disaster refers back in time when people would blame great calamities on the influence of
the stars.
Through etymology we discover that in the late 16th century, Shakespeare used the word in
the play King Lear. It derived from the Old Italian word disastro, which meant unfavorable to
one’s stars.

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Word Roots Level 4 Introduction

This antiquated astrological reference to the word disaster is easier to understand when we
study the Latin root astr, meaning star, which is also in our modern word astronomy. When the
Latin prefix dis-, meaning apart, opposite of, is added to the root, astr, the word (in Old Italian,
Latin, and Middle French) conveyed the idea that a catastrophe was traceable to the evil influence
of a star (a definition that is now obsolete in modern dictionaries). The definitions of many words
have changed over time, and the older meanings have slowly disappeared.
Another example is our English word salary, which is defined in the dictionary as fixed
payment to a person at regular intervals for services rendered. The word’s etymology can be
traced back 2,000 years to the Latin word sal, meaning salt.
There doesn’t seem to be much of a connection between our English word salary and the
Latin word for salt. However, by means of etymology we discover that, in ancient Rome, part of a
Roman soldier’s pay was with salt, which was widely used as a food preservative back then.
Over time, the word sal evolved into the word salarium, which signified compensation paid
in any form, usually monetary. We still hear the expression used today, “worth your salt,” which
essentially means a person is hard working and earning his salary. Nonetheless, this is only an
expression, and it doesn’t mean that salt is the true definition of salary.

Why Knowledge of the Origin of a Word Is Important

Although our English language derives from Old English or Anglo-Saxon, the majority of the
words used in modern English have evolved from many languages, mainly Latin and Greek.
Knowing the language of origin of a word is an invaluable tool when it comes to the correct
spelling of a word (orthography). As an example, knowing that the sound of /f/ in a word of Greek
origin is spelled with a ph will help you to correctly spell words such as biography, photograph,
and telephone.
Also, knowing that the root for ten is spelled deka in Greek, but is spelled dec/deca in Latin,
will help with the spelling of words of Greek origin, such as dekan and triskaidekaphobia, and
words of Latin origin, such as decimal, decagon, and duodecennial.

Why Words Are Fun

Knowing how words have evolved over time can teach you a great deal about our culture.
Studying the etymology of familiar words can help you deduce the meanings of unfamiliar words,
thus enriching your vocabulary. Lastly, hearing stories about the history of words can be very
interesting, exciting, and thought provoking.

Definitions of Root, Prefix, and Suffix

A root is the element that gives the basic meaning of the word. In this book, the term root
refers to the original Greek word. An English word may have two or more roots in it. Identifying
these roots can help you to define a word you don’t know.
A prefix is an element that is added to the beginning of a root. The prefix adds to or alters the
meaning of the word.
Prefix: in- means in, into
Prefix: re- means back, again
Root: flux means flowing
in- + flux = antonym: the arrival of a large number of people or things
re- + flux = synonym: a backward flow

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Word Roots Level 4 Introduction

A suffix is an element added to the end of a root. The suffix adds to or alters the meaning of
the word.
Root: magn means great, large
Suffix: -ate means one who
Suffix: i-fy means to do, to make
Suffix: -tude means state, quality, act
magn + -ate = magnate: a person of high rank, power, influence, etc. in a specific field
magn + i-fy = magnify: to increase in size; enlarge
magn + i-tude = magnitude: greatness of size, volume, or extent
Words such as affluence and exfoliate have both a prefix and a suffix joined to the root.

Word and Word Parts

The information below will help you identify the word elements (parts).
• Some roots do not need a prefix or suffix to form a word.
act, tract, script, herb
• A word can have more than one root.
manu + script = manuscript
• A word can have more than one prefix.
in- + e- + lig + -ible = ineligible
• A word can have a prefix and a suffix.
re- + puls + -ive = repulsive
• A word can have more than one suffix
funct + -ion + -less = functionless
• In some words, connecting vowels and/or consonants are used to join word parts or to
complete a word. For the sake of simplicity, connecting vowels and consonants used to
join word parts or to complete words will appear in gray.
herb + i + cide = herbicide
fer + t + ile = fertile
medi + at + or = mediator
de + scribe = describe
• In some cases, to help smooth the sound of the spoken word, a vowel is added to a
root. This vowel (usually an o), is referred to as a connecting vowel, and the modified
root is called a combining form. For example, the root hydr uses the connecting vowel
o to produce the combining form hydro, which then combines with the root electr and
the suffix -ic to form the word hydroelectric. In the lessons, an asterisk (*) is used to
indicate if a root is a combining form.
hydr + o = hydro (combining form)
hydro + electr + ic = hydroelectric
• Some roots are considered to be combining forms, yet do not follow the general rule.
The last letter of a root or suffix may be dropped when a suffix is added.
mob + -ile + -ity –ile drops the e = mobility

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Word Roots Level 4 Pretest/Posttest

Pretest/Posttest

Before starting Word Roots, test your existing knowledge of word meanings. On the blank spaces
provided, write what you think each word means. After you complete the book, take the test again
on a separate sheet of paper and compare your answers from before and after to determine the
progress you’ve made.

1. magnanimous ______________________________________________________________

2. anemotropism ______________________________________________________________

3. obsequious ______________________________________________________________

4. ichthyofauna ______________________________________________________________

5. selenosis ______________________________________________________________

6. eucalyptus ______________________________________________________________

7. tmesis ______________________________________________________________

8. tumultuous ______________________________________________________________

9. anechoic ______________________________________________________________

10. ergonomics ______________________________________________________________

11. exculpate ______________________________________________________________

12. hypertrophy ______________________________________________________________

13. glossolalia ______________________________________________________________

14. oxymoron ______________________________________________________________

15. amorphous ______________________________________________________________

16. vermicelli ______________________________________________________________

17. eolith ______________________________________________________________

18. implacable ______________________________________________________________

19. mnemonic ______________________________________________________________

20. pendulous ______________________________________________________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Pretest/Posttest

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 1

Lesson 1
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
para- beside, acou hear st-ic like, related to
variation
dog/ opinion, praise -ma something done
dox
-ology study of, science
meter to measure
ortho straight, right

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

dogma orthodox doxology

paradox acoumeter acoustic

a statement, situation, etc. that seems absurd or

1. ________________________ contradictory, but is or may be true

2. ________________________ related to hearing or to sound as it is heard

3. ________________________ something held as an established opinion

instrument that measures the acuteness of

4. ________________________ hearing (physics)

5. ________________________ a liturgical formula of praise to God

6. ________________________ adhering to what is commonly accepted

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 1

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The conservatively run company hired him for his ____________________ views.
doxology acoustic orthodox

2. It is a ____________________ to Della that the harder she works, the less she seems
to accomplish. dogma doxology paradox

3. ____________________ is encountered in Jewish, Christian, and Islamic tradition.

Paradox Acoumeter Doxology

4. The ____________________ apparatus of the human ear is amazingly intricate.

orthodox acoumeter acoustic

5. A/An ____________________ is used to test prospective airline pilots.

dogma acoumeter paradox

6. The political ____________________ of communism has always been oppressive.

dogma doxology paradox

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 1

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• hear • like, related to

• study of, science • beside, variation
• to measure • opinion, praise
• condition • something done
• straight, right

1. meter _______________________________________________________

2. -ma _______________________________________________________

3. acou _______________________________________________________

4. para- _______________________________________________________

5. st-ic _______________________________________________________

6. ortho _______________________________________________________

7. dog/dox _______________________________________________________

8. -ology _______________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.
For example: I went to an orthopedist. (unclear; no context)
I went to an orthopedist after I injured my shoulder. (clear)

dogma orthodox doxology

paradox acoumeter acoustic

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 2

Lesson 2
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
an- not, without aesth/ feeling, -esia action, process
esth/ perception,
esthesi/ sensation -ete one who
esthesio et-ic like, related to
meter to measure -ist one who
-olog study of, science

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

aesthetic esthesiometer anesthesiologist

anesthesia aesthete anesthetic

1. ________________________ medically induced insensitivity to pain

2. ________________________ related to causing temporary loss of bodily sensations

3. ________________________ an instrument used to measure tactile sensitivity

one who has or affects artistic perception or

4. ________________________ appreciation of beauty

5. ________________________ related to the enjoyment or study of beauty

a doctor who specializes in administering drugs to

6. ________________________ prevent or relieve pain during surgery

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 2

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The unsightliness of the post-war city would make an ____________________ shudder.

anesthesiologist aesthete esthesiometer

2. The new building has very little ____________________ appeal.

anesthia anesthetic aesthetic

3. A less painful method of extracting teeth called finger-pressure ____________________ has

been developed by a medical school in Korea.
anesthesia aesthete esthesiometer

4. The ____________________ is the patient’s advocate in the operating room.

aesthete anesthesia anesthesiologist

5. The local ___________________ drug allowed the patient to remain awake throughout
surgery. esthesiometer anesthetic aesthetic

6. One of the many uses for an ____________________ is to test children with afflictions such
as cerebral palsy. anesthesiologist esthesiometer aesthete

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 2

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• action, process • feeling, perception, sensation

• not, without • like, related to
• in, into • study of, science
• one who • one who
• to measure

1. -olog __________________________________________________________

2. an- __________________________________________________________

3. meter __________________________________________________________

4. -esia __________________________________________________________

5. -ist __________________________________________________________

6. et-ic __________________________________________________________

7. -ete __________________________________________________________

8. aesth/esth/
esthesi/
esthesio __________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

aesthetic esthesiometer anesthesiologist

anesthesia aesthete anesthetic

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 3

Lesson 3
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
ant- against, agon struggle -able able to be
opposite
culp fault, blame -ate to make, to act; one who, that which
ex- out, away, from
prot first, ahead -ic like, related to
in- in, into; not
-ist one who
-y state of, quality, act; body, group

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

antagonistic culpable inculpate

exculpate agony protagonist

1. ________________________ to clear from alleged fault or guilt; to free from blame

2. ________________________ an intense feeling of suffering

3. ________________________ deserving blame

4. ________________________ key figure in a contest or dispute; main character in a novel

5. ________________________
contending with or opposing another; adversarial

6. ________________________
to incriminate; to blame

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 3

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Jason’s suspicious behavior tended to ____________________ him.

culpable exculpate inculpate

2. The attorney berated and was ____________________ toward the witnesses.

protagonist antagonistic culpable

3. Despite the ____________________ from her twisted ankle, the athlete kept running.
protagonist culpable agony

4. Alex was confident that after the investigation, the court would ____________________ him
of all charges. inculpate exculpate antagonistic

5. The novel’s ____________________ was characterized with the virtues of a classical hero.
culpable agony protagonist

6. The property owner was found guilty of ____________________ negligence in the accident
involving an uncovered manhole. inculpate culpable antagonistic

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 3

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• struggle • fault, blame

• in, into; not • state of, quality, act; body, group
• condition • first, ahead
• able to be • to make, to act; one who, that which
• one who • out, away, from
• against, opposite • like, related to

1. –ist _________________________________________________________

2. in- _________________________________________________________

3. -able _________________________________________________________

4. agon _________________________________________________________

5. ex- _________________________________________________________

6. prot _________________________________________________________

7. -ate _________________________________________________________

8. ant- _________________________________________________________

9. culp _________________________________________________________

10. -ic _________________________________________________________

11. -y _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

antagonistic culpable inculpate

exculpate agony protagonist

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 1-3

Review
Lessons 1–3

A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.

-olog/-ology acou graph culp -able an-

para- -ma -y agon -ate -ete
ortho meter prot ant- -esia -ist
ic/et-ic/st-ic dog/dox in- ex- aesth/esth/esthesi/esthesio

1. ________________________ study of, science

2. ________________________ not, without
3. ________________________ to measure
4. ________________________ action, process
5. ________________________ one who
6. _______________________ like, related to
7. ________________________ one who
8. ________________________ feeling, perception, sensation
9. ________________________ in, into; not
10. ________________________ able to be
11. ________________________ struggle
12. ________________________ out, away, from
13. ________________________ first, ahead
14. ________________________ to make, to act; one who, that which
15. ________________________ against, opposite
16. ________________________ fault, blame
17. ________________________ state of, quality, act; body, group
18. ________________________ something done
19. ________________________ hear
20. ________________________ beside, variation
21. ________________________ straight, right
22. ________________________ opinion, praise

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 1-3

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. esthesiometer _____ a a statement, situation, etc. that seems absurd or

contradictory, but is or may be true
2. anesthesia _____
b related to hearing or to sound as it is heard
3. protagonist _____
c something held as an established opinion
4. inculpate _____
d instrument that measures the acuteness of hearing
5. anesthetic _____ (physics)

6. orthodox _____ e to clear from alleged fault or guilt; to free from blame

7. anesthesiologist _____ f an intense feeling of suffering

8. dogma _____ g deserving blame

9. acoustic _____ h key figure in a contest or dispute; main character in

a novel
10. exculpate _____
i medically induced insensitivity to pain
11. paradox _____
j related to causing temporary loss of bodily
12. antagonistic _____ sensations

13. doxology _____ k an instrument used to measure tactile sensitivity

14. culpable _____ l one who has or affects artistic perception or

appreciation of beauty
15. aesthete _____
m related to the enjoyment or study of beauty
16. acoumeter _____
n a doctor who specializes in administering drugs to
17. aesthetic _____ prevent or relieve pain during surgery

18. agony _____ o contending with or opposing another; adversarial

p to incriminate; to blame

q a liturgical formula of praise to God

r adhering to what is commonly accepted

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 1-3

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. doapxra a statement, situation, etc. that seems absurd

or contradictory, but is or may be true __________________

2. tthieceasn related to causing temporary loss of bodily

sensations __________________

3. amdgo something held as an established opinion __________________

4. nsigaotortp key figure in a contest or dispute;

main character in a novel __________________

5. oooxdgly a liturgical formula of praise to God __________________

6. tteeesah one who has or affects artistic perception or

appreciation of beauty __________________

7. leutapxec to clear from alleged fault or guilt; to free

from blame
__________________

8. ngoay an intense feeling of suffering __________________

9. inaaeessht medically induced insensitivity to pain __________________

10. citocasu related to hearing or to sound as it is heard __________________

an instrument used to measure
11. retemoisehtse
tactile sensitivity __________________

12. orhtoxdo adhering to what is commonly accepted __________________

13. hceitteas related to the enjoyment or study

of beauty __________________

14. lucetanip to incriminate; to blame __________________

15. bapelluc deserving blame __________________

16. eemourtca instrument that measures the acuteness of

hearing (physics) __________________

17. ttnaanogscii contending with or opposing another __________________

18. sehtsenatsigiool a doctor who specializes in administering
drugs to prevent or relieve pain during surgery __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 1-3

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The newly developed ____________________ device has improved the quality of

hearing aids. anesthetic antagonistic acoustic

2. The nation hopes to never again go through the ____________________ of war and defeat.
agony paradox dogma

3. Methods of ____________________ include drugs, acupuncture, and hypnosis.

doxology anesthesia acoumeter

4. Finding the empty box in my little brother’s room tended to ____________________ him of
cookie theft. dogma exculpate inculpate

5. The beautiful statues in the cathedral provide much ____________________ appreciation.

aesthetic acoustic anesthetic

6. The surgeon asked for a general ____________________ to be used on her patient.

acoumeter anesthetic esthesiometer

7. Such ____________________ thinking will not lead to an innovative solution to the problem.
antagonistic aesthetic orthodox

8. The insurance adjustor had to determine who was ____________________ in the accident.
culpable orthodox antagonistic

9. It’s a ____________________, but the older I get the more active I am.
doxology paradox dogma

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 1-3

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

10. Gandhi was the ____________________ in the Indian Freedom Struggle.

protagonist anesthesiologist aesthete

11. You can’t embrace a religion without accepting its ____________________.

paradox agony dogma

12. A/An ____________________ is always present during a surgical procedure in the

operating room. anesthesiologist protagonist aesthete

13. The witness provided information that should ____________________ the accused of
any wrongdoing. aesthete inculpate exculpate

14. ____________________ is found in many psalms throughout the Old Testament.

Doxology Agony Paradox

15. The optometrist used an ____________________ to check the patient’s corneal

nerve sensitivity. acoumeter aesthete esthesiometer

16. The orator was also an ____________________ debater.

antagonistic aesthetic acoustic

17. The audiologist uses a/an ____________________ when testing her patients.
esthesiometer acoumeter protagonist

18. The ____________________ visited the art gallery every day during her lunch hour.
anesthesiologist protagonist aesthete

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 4

Lesson 4
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
com- with, together agora marketplace, ific-ation an action or process
assembly
-ia condition
fort strong
i-tude state, quality, act
ornitho* bird
phob fear of

*For more information on connecting vowels and combining forms, please see page vi in the Introduction.

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

fortification comfort agora

fortitude ornithophobia agoraphobia

1. ________________________ courage and strength in bearing pain or trouble

2. ________________________ a gathering place

3. ________________________ the act or process of strengthening

4. ________________________ that which is more than adequate

5. ________________________
an abnormal fear of being in open or public places

6. ________________________
an abnormal fear of birds

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 4

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Aunt Helen’s ____________________ became obvious when she refused to leave

her house. ornithophobia fortitude agoraphobia

2. She paid quite a bit extra to have the ____________________ of flying first class.
comfort fortification fortitude

3. Maurice showed remarkable ____________________ throughout his lengthy illness.

agora fortitude comfort

4. The sagging floor clearly needed stronger ____________________ .

fortitude agora fortification

5. The ____________________ of ancient Greece was once the intellectual center of

the world. agora agoraphobia ornithophobia

6. My ____________________ is limited to only crows and ravens.

agoraphobia ornithophobia fortitude

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 4

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• an action or process • bird

• with, together • state, quality, act
• strong • marketplace, assembly
• like, related to • fear of
• condition

1. -ia _________________________________________________________

2. fort _________________________________________________________

3. ific-ation _________________________________________________________

4. phob _________________________________________________________

5. com- _________________________________________________________

6. ornitho _________________________________________________________

7. i-tude _________________________________________________________

8. agora _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

fortification comfort agora

fortitude ornithophobia agoraphobia

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

© 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849 17

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 5

Lesson 5
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
iso- equal anemo* wind -ic like, related to
bar/ pressure, weight -ism a state of being; a quality
baro or act
meter/ to measure -logy study of, science
metr -ous having the quality of
phil love, loving
trop turn

*For more information on connecting vowels and combining forms, please see page vi in the Introduction.

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

barometer isobaric anemotropism anemophilous

barometric anemometer anemology

1. ________________________ related to or indicated by the barometer

an instrument for measuring the force or speed of the wind;

2. ________________________ wind gauge

3. ________________________ showing equal pressure

4. ________________________ pollinated by the wind

5. ________________________
orientation in response to air currents

6. ________________________
an instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure

7. ________________________
the study of the movements of the winds

18 © 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 5

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. In meteorology class, Mary learned how ____________________ helps to explain the effects
of winds on the weather. anemotropism anemology anemometer

2. Honeybees and bumblebees actively gather ____________________ corn pollen, even

though it has little nutritional value. barometric isobaric anemophilous

3. Wind velocity and ____________________ pressure are used to categorize the severity
of a tornado. barometric isobaric anemophilous

4. The ____________________ indicated high winds; thus forcing the ship to alter its course.
barometer anemometer anemology

5. The ____________________ lines on the map showed calm weather patterns nationwide.
anemophilous barometric isobaric

6. ____________________ occurs when hummingbirds poise for flight facing the wind.
Anemotropism Anemometer Anemology

7. The mercury ____________________ was invented by an Italian physicist in the 17th century.
anemology barometer anemotropism

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 5

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• like, related to • pressure, weight

• equal • to measure
• turn • study of, science
• one who • love, loving
• wind • having the quality of
• a state of being; a quality or act

1. -ism _________________________________________________________

2. phil _________________________________________________________

3. -ic _________________________________________________________

4. anemo _________________________________________________________

5. iso- _________________________________________________________

6. -ous _________________________________________________________

7. bar/baro _________________________________________________________

8. trop _________________________________________________________

9. -logy _________________________________________________________

10. meter/metr _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

barometer isobaric anemotropism anemophilous

barometric anemometer anemology

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

20 © 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 6

Lesson 6
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
anth/ flower -er one who, that which
antho
em-um of, or belonging to
chrys gold, yellow
-us thing which
geo Earth, ground -y state of, quality, act; body,
graph write, written group
heli sun
phag eat
phyte plant

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

anther anthography geophagy

helianthus anthophyte chrysanthemum

1. ________________________ description of flowers

2. ________________________ the part of a flower that contains pollen

a group of tall yellow-flowered plants that include the

3. ________________________ sunflower

4. ________________________ a flowering plant

any of a large group of plants with bright yellow, red, or

5. ________________________
white showy flowers that bloom in late summer or fall

practice of eating earthy substances (like clay) to augment

6. ________________________
a scanty diet, or as part of a cultural tradition

© 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849 21

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 6

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The dark, berrylike fruit of the potato plant are known to be a highly poisonous
____________________. anthography anthophyte geophagy

2. ____________________ is part of many religious rites and ceremonies among certain

African tribes. Anthography Geophagy Helianthus

3. A/An ____________________ generally consists of two pollen sacs.

anthophyte helianthus anther

4. The ____________________ is the floral emblem of the imperial family of Japan.

anther chrysanthemum anthography

5. The renowned botanist gave an elaborate ____________________ of the more than 200
species of chrysanthemums. anthography geophagy anther

6. Some plants within the genus ____________________ are used to produce oil
and birdseed. anthophyte geophagy helianthus

22 © 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 6

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• one who, that which • write, written

• Earth, ground • thing which
• something done • state of, quality, act; body, group
• gold, yellow • sun
• of, or belonging to • eat
• flower • plant

1. -us _________________________________________________________

2. phag _________________________________________________________

3. -er _________________________________________________________

4. -y _________________________________________________________

5. geo _________________________________________________________

6. graph _________________________________________________________

7. phyte _________________________________________________________

8. heli _________________________________________________________

9. em-um _________________________________________________________

10. anth/antho _________________________________________________________

11. chrys _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

anther anthography geophagy

helianthus anthophyte chrysanthemum

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

© 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849 23

Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 4-6

Review
Lessons 4–6

A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.

anemo chrys phag -y iso- bar/baro -ia i-tude

-ic anth/antho heli graph meter/metr trop agora com-
phil -us -er geo -ous ific-ation phob
-ism em-um phyte -able -logy fort ornitho

1. ________________________ thing which

2. ________________________ eat
3. ________________________ one who, that which
4. ________________________ state of, quality, act; body, group
5. ________________________ Earth, ground
6. _______________________ write, written
7. ________________________ plant
8. ________________________ sun
9. ________________________ of, or belonging to
10. ________________________ flower
11. ________________________ gold, yellow
12. ________________________ a state of being; a quality or act
13. ________________________ love, loving
14. ________________________ like, related to
15. ________________________ wind
16. ________________________ equal
17. ________________________ having the quality of
18. ________________________ pressure, weight
19. ________________________ turn
20. ________________________ study of, science
21. ________________________ to measure
22. ________________________ condition
23. ________________________ strong
24. ________________________ an action or process
25. ________________________ fear of
26. ________________________ with, together
27. ________________________ bird
28. ________________________ state, quality, act
29. ________________________ marketplace, assembly

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 4-6

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. anther _____ a courage and strength in bearing pain or trouble

2. anemometer _____ b a gathering place

3. isobaric _____ c the act or process of strengthening

4. anemotropism _____ d that which is more than adequate

5. agoraphobia _____ e related to or indicated by the barometer

6. agora _____ f an instrument for measuring the force or speed of

the wind; wind gauge
7. fortification _____
g showing equal pressure
8. baromater _____
h pollinated by the wind
9. comfort _____
i orientation in response to air currents
10. anemophilous _____
j an instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure
11. chrysanthemum _____
k the study of the movements of the winds
12. barometric _____
l an abnormal fear of being in open or public places
13. geophagy _____
m an abnormal fear of birds
14. helianthus _____
n description of flowers
15. fortitude _____
o the part of a flower that contains pollen
16. anthography _____
p a group of tall yellow-flowered plants that includes
17. anthophyte _____ the sunflower

18. anemology _____ q a flowering plant

19. ornithophobia _____ r any of a large group of plants with bright yellow,
red, or white showy flowers that bloom in late
summer or fall

s practice of eating earthy substances (like clay)

to augment a scanty diet, or as part of a cultural
tradition

© 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849 25

Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 4-6

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. praghotyhna description of flowers __________________

2. rteeenmmao an instrument for measuring the force
or speed of the wind; wind gauge __________________

3. ushtaneilh a group of tall yellow-flowered plants that

include the sunflower __________________

4. oareertbm an instrument for measuring

atmospheric pressure __________________

5. hhmmueryscnat any of a large group of plants with bright
yellow, red, or white showy flowers that
bloom in late summer or fall __________________

6. noaitcififrot the act or process of strengthening __________________

7. mteicraorb related to or indicated by the barometer __________________

8. rethna the part of a flower that contains pollen __________________

9. ciisroab showing equal pressure __________________

10. ibhprgooaaa an abnormal fear of being in open

or public places __________________

11. simporteomna orientation in response to air currents __________________

12. hopeytnhta a flowering plant __________________

13. logomneay the study of the movements of the winds __________________

14. efrottdui courage and strength in bearing pain

or trouble __________________

15. raaog a gathering place __________________

16. yggahpeopractice of eating earthy substances (like

clay) to augment a scanty diet, or as part of
a cultural tradition __________________

17. fmcroot that which is more than adequate __________________

18. ulsooiphmnae pollinated by the wind __________________

19. bhopaihotroni an abnormal fear of birds __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 4-6

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Calvin’s ____________________ caused him to become a recluse.

agoraphobia geophagy fortitude

2. The ____________________ is the only root plant native to North America that has gained
economic importance. helianthus anther anemomater

3. Grandma is much happier when she is in the ____________________ of her own home.
geophagy comfort agora

4. Decompression sickness within the human body can be caused by decreased

____________________ pressure. anemophilous isobaric barometric

5. The ____________________ of Pakistani Muslims requires them to eat flat, gray, oblong
cakes made from dust which they claim to be a cure-all.
geophagy anthography agoraphobia

6. Pollination occurs through the transfer of pollen from the ____________________ of a

stamen to the stigma of a pistil. agora anther helianthus

7. Most weather stations measure wind speed using a spinning cup ____________________.
anthophyte barometer anemometer

8. It takes a lot of ____________________ to sail around the world alone.

fortitude geophagy comfort

9. Early in Greek history, male citizens would meet in the ____________________ for
military duty. agoraphobia anther agora

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 4-6

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

10. The pattern of ____________________ lines and their motion with time was used to
produce the first weather forecasts. anemophilous isobaric barometric

11. An ____________________ must depend on birds and animals to spread its seeds to
new locations. anthophyte anemometer anther

12. Botanists distinguish between ____________________ plants and plants that depend on
insects attracted to their nectar for pollination. barometric isobaric anemophilous

13. Invaders became discouraged due to the heavy ____________________ along the border.
fortification anemology fortitude

14. The fly displayed ____________________, then proceeded to land on the potato salad.
geophagy anemotropism fortitude

15. Ben’s ____________________ prevented him from getting out of his car to see if the hawk
that hit his windshield was okay. agoraphobia anemotropism ornithophobia

16. As we ascended the mountain, our mercurial ____________________ fell about an inch for
the first 900 feet of our ascent. barometer anthophyte anemometer

17. As a result of ____________________, the helicopter pilot decided it was too risky to
fly that day. agoraphobia anemology anthography

18. ____________________ explains how different pigments are responsible for many colors
of flowers. Anthography Geophagy Anemology

19. Certain houseplants, like amaryllis, ____________________, and lilies are poisonous to cats.
anther chrysanthemum helianthus

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 7

Lesson 7
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
arch/ first, chief, rule -ics science, system,
arche related to
crac government, rule -y state of, quality, act; body,
group
glyph carve
hier/ sacred
heiro
olig few
type model, impression

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

hieroglyphics hierarch archetype

oligarchy hierocracy hierarchy

1. ________________________ rule by a few

2. ________________________ government by clergymen

3. ________________________ a religious leader in a position of authority

an original model on which something is patterned;

4. ________________________ prototype

5. ________________________
the picture script of the ancient Egyptian priesthood

a system in which people or things are arranged according

6. ________________________
to their rank or status

© 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849 29

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 7

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The famous novel I just read was the ____________________ of all other Civil War books.
hierarchy archetype oligarchy

2. He rose quickly through the political ____________________ to become party leader.

hierocracy archetype hierarchy

3. ____________________ was/were typically carved on the inner walls of tombs and on

stone tablets. Hieroglyphics Oligarchy Hierocracy

4. Pope John Paul II was the reigning ____________________ of the Catholic Church for more
than twenty-five years. archetype hierarch hierarchy

5. While democracy allows everyone to vote, ____________________ gives the power to just a
small number of individuals. oligarchy hierocracy hierarchy

6. ____________________ prevailed throughout the Middle Ages.

Hieroglyphics Hierarchy Hierocracy

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 7

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• few • state of, quality, act; body, group

• science, system, related to • model, impression
• fear of • first, chief, rule
• carve • government, rule
• sacred

1. hier/hiero _________________________________________________________

2. type _________________________________________________________

3. -y _________________________________________________________

4. olig _________________________________________________________

5. glyph _________________________________________________________

6. crac _________________________________________________________

7. -ics _________________________________________________________

8. arch/arche _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

hieroglyphics hierarch archetype

oligarchy hierocracy hierarchy

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

© 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849 31

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 8

Lesson 8
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
anti- against, aort lift, raise -ate to make, to act; one who,
opposite that which
arct to press together
co- with, together -ation an action or process
thes/ to place, to put
thet -ia condition
-ic like, related to
-is thing which

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

aortarctia thesis coarctation

coarctate antithetic antithesis

1. ________________________ pressed together; closely connected

2. ________________________ the exact opposite, contrast

3. ________________________ the central idea in a piece of writing

4. ________________________ narrowing of the aorta

5. ________________________
directly contrasting or opposite

6. ________________________
a narrowing or constriction

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 8

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The ____________________ of his controversial book was that World War II could have
been avoided. antithesis coarctation thesis

2. The poem referred to the ____________________ symbolism of ice and flame.

coarctation coarctate antithetic

3. During the inactive stage of development, some species of flies contain

____________________ pupae. antithesis antithetic coarctate

4. A Tale of Two Cities opens with the famous ____________________: “It was the best of
times, it was the worst of times.” aortarctia antithesis thesis

5. Although the best known ____________________ is of the aorta, it can appear in any artery.
coarctation thesis antithesis

6. The patient’s ____________________ was corrected with angioplasty and the simultaneous
placement of stints. thesis antithesis aortarctia

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 8

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• thing which • against, opposite

• with, together • an action or process
• to press together • to place, to put
• like, related to • to make, to act; one who, that which
• write, written • condition
• lift, raise

1. thes/thet _________________________________________________________

2. -is _________________________________________________________

3. co- _________________________________________________________

4. -ate _________________________________________________________

5. aort __________________________________________________________

6. anti- _________________________________________________________

7. -ation _________________________________________________________

8. -ic _________________________________________________________

9. arct _________________________________________________________

10. -ia _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

aortarctia thesis coarctation

coarctate antithetic antithesis

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

34 © 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 9

Lesson 9
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
dis- apart, asper rough -ance state, quality, act
opposite of
turb commotion, agitation -ation an action or process
ex- out, away, from
ul-ence state, quality, act
per- through, very -ine thing which; like, related to
id-ity state, quality, act

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

perturbation asperity disturbance turbidity

exasperation turbulence turbine

1. ________________________ annoyance and frustration

2. ________________________ a state of confusion and disorder

3. ________________________ harshness or severity of manner or tone

4. ________________________ an interruption of a state of peace or quiet

5. ________________________
action of agitating, anxiety

muddiness created by stirring up sediment or by having

6. ________________________
foreign particles suspended

a machine for producing power in which a wheel is made

7. ________________________
to revolve by a fast-moving flow of water, steam, gas, or air

© 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849 35

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 9

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The Industrial Revolution was a period of great ____________________ .

turbidity turbulence asperity

2. Residents were fed up with the ____________________ caused by the nightclub.

disturbance turbine turbulence

3. The girl feared that the news of her excessive truancy would cause much
____________________ for her parents. turbidity turbine perturbation

4. Having fewer parts to malfunction, the rotary ____________________ engine has a distinct
advantage over the piston type engine. turbine turbulence turbidity

5. After hours of fruitless negotiations, he stormed out of the meeting in

____________________ . asperity exasperation turbidity

6. Their remarks, spoken with ____________________, stung the girls to whom they
were directed. asperity disturbance turbulence

7. The ____________________ of the water made it difficult to locate the fish.

turbine asperity turbidity

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 9

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• through, very • an action or process

• state, quality, act • out, away, from
• rough • commotion, agitation
• apart, opposite of • thing which; like, related to
• not, without

1. id-ity _________________________________________________________

2. ex- _________________________________________________________

3. turb _________________________________________________________

4. -ance _________________________________________________________

5. asper _________________________________________________________

6. dis- _________________________________________________________

7. -ine _________________________________________________________

8. -ation _________________________________________________________

9. per- _________________________________________________________

10. ul-ence _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

perturbation asperity disturbance turbidity

exasperation turbulence turbine

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

© 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849 37

Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 7-9

Review
Lessons 7–9

A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.

anti- -ate -ance hier/hiero -y glyph ul-ence

id-ity turb -is -ation dis- ics -ia
aort agon asper type olig crac per-
ex- co- thes/thet -ine arch/arche -ic arct

1. ________________________ state, quality, act

2. ________________________ out, away, from
3. ________________________ commotion, agitation
4. ________________________ state, quality, act
5. ________________________ rough
6. _______________________ sacred
7. ________________________ model, impression
8. ________________________ state of, quality, act; body, group
9. ________________________ few
10. ________________________ carve
11. ________________________ government, rule
12. ________________________ science, system, related to
13. ________________________ first, chief, rule
14. ________________________ apart, opposite of
15. ________________________ thing which; like, related to
16. ________________________ an action or process
17. ________________________ to place, to put
18. ________________________ thing which
19. ________________________ with, together
20. ________________________ to make, to act; one who, that which
21. ________________________ lift, raise
22. ________________________ against, opposite
23. ________________________ like, related to
24. ________________________ to press together
25. ________________________ condition
26. ________________________ through, very
27. ________________________ state, quality, act

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 7-9

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. thesis _____ a rule by a few

2. coarctate _____ b government by clergymen

3. antithesis _____ c a religious leader in a position of authority

4. turbine _____ d an original model on which something is patterned;

prototype
5. exasperation _____
e annoyance and frustration
6. aortarctia _____
f a state of confusion and disorder
7. perturbation _____
g harshness or severity of manner or tone
8. coarctation _____
h an interruption of a state of peace or quiet
9. asperity _____
i action of agitating, anxiety
10. hierocracy _____
j pressed together; closely connected
11. hierarch _____
k the exact opposite, contrast
12. oligarchy _____
l the central idea in a piece of writing
13. turbulence _____
m narrowing of the aorta
14. hierarchy _____
n directly contrasting or opposite
15. disturbance _____
o a narrowing or constriction
16. hieroglyphics _____
p muddiness created by stirring up sediment or by
17. archetype _____ having foreign particles suspended

18. turbidity _____ q a machine for producing power in which a wheel

is made to revolve by a fast-moving flow of water,
19. antithetic _____ steam, gas, or air

r the picture script of the ancient Egyptian priesthood

s a system in which people or things are arranged

according to their rank or status

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 7-9

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. ragoilhyc rule by a few __________________

2. accyorrieh government by clergymen __________________

3. taroisepnaex annoyance and frustration __________________

4. eiinasshtt the exact opposite, contrast __________________

5. eptiyrsa harshness or severity of manner or tone __________________

6. rriottaaca narrowing of the aorta __________________

7. itnoarbutrep action of agitating, anxiety __________________

8. oonraacctti a narrowing or constriction __________________

9. nrueibt a machine for producing power in which a

wheel is made to revolve by a fast-moving
flow of water, steam, gas, or air __________________

10. aerrcihh a religious leader in a position of authority __________________

11. epytcehra an original model on which something is

patterned; prototype __________________

12. ccttaaroe pressed together; closely connected __________________

13. etcunreblu a state of confusion and disorder __________________

14. itessh the central idea in a piece of writing __________________

15. rubtdsiacen an interruption of a state of peace or quiet __________________

16. cinateitht directly contrasting or opposite __________________

17. dbyttiiru muddiness created by stirring up sediment

or by having foreign particles suspended __________________

18. reiiscpylghho the picture script of the ancient Egyptian

priesthood __________________

19. reraychih a system in which people or things are

arranged according to their rank or status __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 7-9

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Her behavior was the ____________________ of cowardly.

antithesis turbulence thesis

2. The corporation’s ____________________, consisting of the president, the vice president,

and the treasurer, makes all the important decisions.
hierocracy coarctation oligarchy

3. Trying to teach our dog to fetch has caused me much ____________________ .

exasperation turbidity aortarctia

4. When ____________________ existed, priests controlled all religious aspects of the

people’s lives. asperity hierocracy hierarchy

5. In the ____________________ classification of insect larvae, the body is enclosed in a

hardened and rigid shell. hierarchy antithetic coarctate

6. The plane’s emergency landing caused a great deal of ____________________ among

the passengers. perturbation coarctation asperity

7. Pope Francis became the 266th Pope ____________________ of the Catholic Church.
archetype hierarch hieroglyphics

8. When stocks fluctuate wildly in price, that usually causes quite a bit of
____________________ in the market. turbidity antithesis turbulence

9. They attributed his ____________________ to just being a grumpy old man.

asperity coarctation disturbance

10. She has become a/an ____________________ of the successful businesswoman.

hierarch archetype antithesis

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 7-9

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

11. The ____________________ of his essay was explained in the first paragraph by means of
keywords and phrases. perturbation antithesis thesis

12. A windmill is a good example of a ____________________ that uses wind rather than liquid
to generate energy. turbine hieroglyphics aortarctia

13. Thickening of the mitral valve on the left side of the heart caused ____________________.
exasperation coarctation perturbation

14. ____________________ uses small pictures which represent the sound of the object or an
idea associated with the object. Antithesis Turbidity Hieroglyphics

15. Women are becoming more successful at penetrating the male-dominated

____________________ of large corporations. hierarchy thesis turbidity

16. When a member of the audience yelled out during the concert, it caused a big
____________________. aortarctia disturbance turbine

17. Giving the children too much candy at snack time was ____________________ to having a
quiet and calm class afterwards. coarctate perturbation antithetic

18. The town’s health department is requiring lower levels of ____________________ in the
drinking water. turbidity asperity coarctation

19. The cardiologist performed open-heart surgery on a patient with ____________________.

perturbation aortarctia asperity

42 © 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 10

Lesson 10
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
a- away, from; not, branchi/ gill -al like, related to; an
without branchio action or process
helminth worm -ate to make, to act; one who,
that which
platy* flat, broad
pod/ foot
pus
rrhine nose

*For more information on connecting vowels and combining forms, please see page vi in the Introduction.

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

platyhelminth platypus abranchiate

branchiopod branchial platyrrhine

1. ________________________ of, or relating to gills

2. ________________________ an aquatic animal with a broad, flat bill

3. ________________________ lacking gills

4. ________________________ characterized by a broad, flat nose

5. ________________________
parasitic or free-living worms having a flattened body

6. ________________________
aquatic crustacean with gills on its feet

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 10

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Tapeworms are the most common known of the ____________________.

platypus platyhelminth branchiopod

2. The duck-billed ____________________ is one of nature’s most unusual creatures.

platypus platyhelminth branchiopod

3. New World ____________________ monkeys are typically small, arboreal, and nocturnal.
branchial abranchiate platyrrhine

4. The gills of fish and amphibians are supported by a ____________________ arch of bone
or cartilage. abranchiate branchial platyrrhine

5. The water flea is classified as a ____________________ and lives in water.

platypus platyhelminth branchiopod

6. Salamanders develop into a/an ____________________ form as they mature.

abranchiate branchial platyrrhine

44 © 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 10

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• foot • to make, to act; one who, that which

• away, from; not, without • worm
• gill • back, again
• like, related to; an action or process • flat, broad
• nose

1. platy _________________________________________________________

2. -ate _________________________________________________________

3. helminth _________________________________________________________

4. a- _________________________________________________________

5. rrhine _________________________________________________________

6. -al _________________________________________________________

7. pod/pus _________________________________________________________

8. branchi/branchio _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

platyhelminth platypus abranchiate

branchiopod branchial platyrrhine

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

© 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849 45

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 11

Lesson 11
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
des- from, away, cant song -ation/ an action or process
down, apart, not ill-ation
in- in, into; not i-cle small
re- back, again a-trice feminine

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

canticle recantation descant

incantation cantatrice cantillation

1. ________________________ the chanting of supposedly magic words

2. ________________________ the withdrawing of something previously said

3. ________________________ the action of unaccompanied chanting in free rhythm

4. ________________________ a hymn derived from the Bible; literally a “little” song

5. ________________________
female professional singer

6. ________________________
high melody above the main melody

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 11

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The “Magnificat” is a ____________________ taken from the New Testament.

recantation descant canticle

2. In the Christmas concert, three members of the choir sang ____________________ while
others sang bass and tenor. descant incantation canticle

3. They believed their ____________________ kept the evil spirits away.

canticle incantation descant

4. The deacon demanded a/an ____________________ of his earlier statements about his
religious beliefs. recantation incantation cantillation

5. ____________________ is typically part of Jewish liturgical ceremonies.

Cantatrice Recantation Cantillation

6. Barbara Strozzi, who published 125 pieces of vocal music in 17th century Italy, is often referred
to as the most virtuosic ____________________.
descant cantatrice canticle

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 11

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• feminine • small
• back, again • song
• from, away, down, apart, not • in, into; not
• sacred • an action or process

1. i-cle _________________________________________________________

2. re- _________________________________________________________

3. cant _________________________________________________________

4. -ation/
ill-ation _________________________________________________________

5. des- _________________________________________________________

6. a-trice _________________________________________________________

7. in- _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

canticle recantation descant

incantation cantatrice cantillation

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

48 © 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 12

Lesson 12
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
a- away, from; not, cephal/ head, brain -ic like, related to
without cephalo
-itis inflammation
di- two morph form
-ology study of, science
en- in, into thorax chest
-osis condition
meta- beyond, change -ous having the quality of

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

metamorphosis cephalic morphology cephalothorax

dimorphic amorphous encephalitis

1. ________________________ occurring or existing in two different forms

2. ________________________ of, or relating to the head

3. ________________________ the study of the form and structure of organisms

a complete change of character, appearance,

4. ________________________ condition, etc.

5. ________________________
without definite form; shapeless

6. ________________________
inflammation of the brain

7. ________________________
fused head and thorax of an arachnid or higher crustacean

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 12

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The skeletal remains found during excavation are being analyzed by means of
____________________. metamorphosis cephalothorax morphology

2. The windstorm produced a/an ____________________ cloud of dust.

dimorphic amorphous cephalic

3. The Douglas fir is a/an ____________________ species of evergreen tree.

dimorphic cephalic amorphous

4. Muscular weakness, apathy, and profound lethargy are symptoms of

____________________. cephalothorax metamorphosis encephalitis

5. Anthropologists use a special index in determining the ____________________

measurements of evolutionary man. cephalic dimorphic amorphous

6. ____________________ is typical of all shrimp, lobsters, and crabs.

Morphology Cephalothorax Encephalitis

7. Brenda’s ____________________ from a shy and awkward teenager to an accomplished

journalist was quite impressive. metamorphosis encephalitis morphology

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 12

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• away, from; not, without • with, together • two

• chest • beyond, change • condition
• like, related to • inflammation • having the quality of
• head, brain • form
• in, into • study of, science

1. -osis _________________________________________________________

2. morph _________________________________________________________

3. di- _________________________________________________________

4. -ic _________________________________________________________

5. thorax _________________________________________________________

6. a- _________________________________________________________

7. en- _________________________________________________________

8. -itis _________________________________________________________

9. cephal/cephalo _________________________________________________________

10. meta- _________________________________________________________

11. -ous _________________________________________________________

12. -ology _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

metamorphosis cephalic morphology cephalothorax

dimorphic amorphous encephalitis

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

© 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849 51

Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 10-12

Review
Lessons 10–12

A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.

thorax di- -itis meta- rrhine -ous -ation/ill-ation

re- morph en- -ate in- -ology cephal/cephalo
-ic cant -ism helminth a-trice des- branchi/branchio
i-cle a- platy -al pod/pus -osis

1. ________________________ small
2. ________________________ back, again
3. ________________________ song
4. ________________________ an action or process
5. ________________________ condition
6. _______________________ form
7. ________________________ two
8. ________________________ like, related to
9. ________________________ chest
10. ________________________ away, from; not, without
11. ________________________ in, into
12. ________________________ inflammation
13. ________________________ head, brain
14. ________________________ beyond, change
15. ________________________ flat, broad
16. ________________________ to make, to act; one who, that which
17. ________________________ worm
18. ________________________ nose
19. ________________________ like, related to; an action or process
20. ________________________ foot
21. ________________________ gill
22. ________________________ having the quality of
23. ________________________ study of, science
24. ________________________ from, away, down, apart, not
25. ________________________ feminine
26. ________________________ in, into; not

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 10-12

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. incantation _____ a occurring or existing in two different forms

2. branchial _____ b of, or relating to the head

3. platypus _____ c the study of the form and structure of organisms

4. canticle _____ d a complete change of character, appearance,

condition, etc.
5. dimorphic _____
e the chanting of supposedly magic words
6. cephalothorax _____
f the withdrawing of something previously said
7. platyhelminth _____
g the action of unaccompanied chanting in free rhythm
8. metamorphosis _____
h a hymn derived from the Bible; literally a “little” song
9. cephalic _____
i of, or relating to gills
10. morphology _____
j an aquatic animal with a broad, flat bill
11. amorphous _____
k lacking gills
12. platyrrhine _____
l characterized by a broad, flat nose
13. cantillation _____
m parasitic or free-living worms having a flattened
14. descant _____ body

15. encephalitis _____ n aquatic crustacean with gills on feet

16. branchiopod _____ o female professional singer

17. abranchiate _____ p high melody above the main melody

18. cantatrice _____ q without definite form; shapeless

19. recantation _____ r inflammation of the brain

s fused head and thorax of an arachnid or higher

crustacean

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 10-12

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. aailhcbnr of, or relating to gills __________________

2. lahciepc of, or relating to the head __________________

3. etaaribachn lacking gills __________________

4. smiestoahmpor a complete change of character, appearance,

condition, etc. __________________

5. iinnnaattoc the chanting of supposedly magic words __________________

6. sinetieclahp inflammation of the brain
__________________

7. conliatlitan the action of unaccompanied chanting in

free rhythm __________________

8. tthhnimleypal parasitic or free-living worms having a
flattened body __________________

9. eiraancctt female professional singer __________________

10. tnacsed high melody above the main melody __________________

11. rdomiihcp occurring or existing in two different forms __________________

12. upyatlps an aquatic animal with a broad, flat bill __________________

13. gmlhyprooo the study of the form and structure

of organisms __________________

14. hernitrylap characterized by a broad, flat nose __________________

15. rooshupam without definite form; shapeless __________________

16. oitnantcrea the withdrawing of something previously said

__________________

17. cxeaprhoahtol fused head and thorax of an arachnid or

higher crustacean __________________

18. iletncca a hymn derived from the Bible; literally a

“little” song __________________

19. dobporhicna aquatic crustacean with gills on feet __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 10-12

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The single-owner company underwent a ____________________ and became a

giant franchise. cantillation metamorphosis platyhelminth

2. In black magic, they used a/an ____________________ to summon the power of darkness.
incantation descant branchiopod

3. ____________________ monkeys are known to display considerable paternal care of

their young. Branchial Platyrrhine Cephalic

4. The ____________________ clefts of fish and amphibians are the openings through which
water passes. branchial amorphous abranchiate

5. When the soprano added a ____________________ to the song, the music sounded
more melodious. recantation descant morphology

6. ____________________ fungi can grow as mold when at room temperature, or as yeast when
at body temperature. Cephalic Abranchiate Dimorphic

7. The ____________________ of Australia and Tasmania is a primitive egg-laying mammal.

platypus cephalothorax branchiopod

8. My ____________________ consisted of an apology for criticizing my best friend’s haircut.

incantation recantation cantillation

9. The ____________________ vein is a large vein running from the back of the head down
along the arm. amorphous branchial cephalic

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 10-12

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

10. After a while, the repetitive ____________________ became rather monotonous.

cantillation metamorphosis recantation

11. Most ____________________ animals breathe underwater by absorbing oxygen through

their skin. dimorphic branchial abranchiate

12. In biology, the ____________________ of fish might investigate how the gills work as part of
the respiratory system. cephalothorax morphology platyhelminth

13. The anthem was a ____________________ of praise and pride for their nation.
canticle cantatrice descant

14. There appeared to be a/an ____________________ crowd of people on the dance floor when
everyone began dancing.
dimorphic platyrrhine amorphous

15. ____________________ can cause flu-like symptoms, such as a fever or severe headache.
Encephalitis Cephalothorax Platyhelminth

16. The ____________________ in Puccini’s opera, La Boheme, gave a world-class performance

Saturday night. platypus cantatrice descant

17. The spider’s abdomen was equal in length or a little longer than the ____________________.
branchiopod encephalitis cephalothorax

18. People who swim in infested bodies of water are at risk of disease caused by several species
of ____________________. platyhelminth cephalothorax platyrrhine

19. The leaf-like appendages of a ____________________ are used for swimming and also for
respiration and feeding. cantatrice branchiopod morphology

56 © 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 13

Lesson 13
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
con- with, together cinct bind, border, surround -ion/ an action or process;
-ions state, quality, act
per- through, very cuss strike, shake
-ure state, quality, act; that
pre- before which; process, condition
-ness state, quality
re- back, again
suc- below, under

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

concussion percussion succinctness

precinct cincture repercussions

the group of instruments that produces sound by being

1. ________________________ struck, such as drums, cymbals, and tambourines

2. ________________________ anything that encircles, such as a belt or girdle

an injury to the brain, often resulting from a blow to

3. ________________________ the head

4. ________________________ a part of a territory with definite bounds

the effects, often indirect or remote, of some event

5. ________________________
or action

6. ________________________
the quality of expressing things in few words; conciseness

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 13

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Alexander suffered a mild ____________________ from the accident, which left him dizzy
and confused. percussion concussion cincture

2. Elaine had to locate the right ____________________ where she would cast her ballot.
precinct cincture succinctness

3. The ____________________ of the novelist’s writing style was very appealing.

repercussions cincture succinctness

4. Jean plays the guitar in the band and her brother Vic is on ____________________.
concussion percussion cincture

5. War between two countries often has ____________________ throughout the world.
repercussions succinctness percussion

6. The ____________________ worn by the religious leader was bright red.

precinct cincture concussion

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 13

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• state, quality • bind, border, surround

• with, together • before
• strike, shake • state, quality, act; that which; process,
• an action or process; state, quality, act condition
• few • back, again
• through, very • below, under

1. cuss _________________________________________________________

2. suc- _________________________________________________________

3. -ure _________________________________________________________

4. con- _________________________________________________________

5. -ness _________________________________________________________

6. re- _________________________________________________________

7. cinct _________________________________________________________

8. pre- _________________________________________________________

9. -ion/-ions _________________________________________________________

10. per- _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

concussion percussion succinctness

precinct cincture repercussions

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

© 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849 59

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 14

Lesson 14
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
an- not, without cinemat/ motion iz-ation an action or process
cinemato/
kin -esia action, process
esth/ feeling, perception, -esis action, process
esthe sensation -ic/et-ic like, related to
graph write, written esi-ology study of, science
-y state of, quality, act; body
group

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

cinematography anesthekinesia cinematization kinesthesis

kinetic kinesiology cinematic

1. ________________________ related to movement

2. ________________________ loss of sensibility and motor power

3. ________________________ the ability to feel movements of the limbs and body

4. ________________________ the art and methods of photography used in film making

study of human musculoskeletal movement

5. ________________________

the process of adapting a novel, play, etc. for film

or movies
6. ________________________

relating to the production or showing of motion pictures

7. ________________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 14

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The movie, Lord of the Rings, is a ____________________ of the trilogy written by

J.R.R. Tolkien. kinesthesis cinematization cinematography

2. Today’s interest in physical fitness and sports medicine has created many career opportunities
in the field of ____________________. kinesiology anesthekinesia cinematography

3. The ____________________ effects in his films are clearly borrowed from the great
film-makers of the past. cinematography kinetic cinematic

4. The Russian-born sculptor, Naum Gabo, has many of his ____________________ works on
display in London’s Tate Gallery. cinematic cinematography kinetic

5. Ruth’s spinal cord injury caused temporary ____________________.

kinesthesis kinesiology anesthekinesia

6. Citizen Kane is an excellent example of ____________________ combined with creative use

of sound. kinesiology cinematography cinematization

7. ____________________ is very often stimulated by intense physical sports.

Cinematization Kinesiology Kinesthesis

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 14

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• study of, science • action, process

• not, without • feeling, perception, sensation
• write, written • like, related to
• lift, raise • state of, quality, act; body, group
• motion • an action or process

1. -ic/et-ic _________________________________________________________

2. graph _________________________________________________________

3. iz-ation _________________________________________________________

4. esth/esthe _________________________________________________________

5. -y _________________________________________________________

6. an- _________________________________________________________

7. -esis _________________________________________________________

8. cinemat/
cinemato/kin
_________________________________________________________

9. -esia _________________________________________________________

10. esi-ology _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

cinematography anesthekinesia cinematization kinesthesis

kinetic kinesiology cinematic

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 15

Lesson 15
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
in- in, into; not ciner ash -ary that which; someone or
something that belongs to;
combus burn up
of, related to; one who
t-ible able to be
at-or one who, that which;
condition, state, activity
-tion state, quality, act

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

combustible combustion incinerator

incombustible cinerary

1. ________________________ not capable of being burned

2. ________________________ a furnace for burning waste under controlled conditions

3. ________________________ act or process of burning

4. ________________________ containing or used for ashes

5. ________________________
able to burn easily

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 15

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The small ____________________ formerly used in apartment houses has now been
replaced by recycling and trash compactors. cinerary combustion incinerator

2. The catacombs in the old cathedral contain vaults lined with recesses for
____________________ urns. combustible incombustible cinerary

3. Due to its ____________________ nature, asbestos is used in the manufacture of iron safes.
combustible cinerary incombustible

4. The devastating car explosion was caused by the ____________________ gasoline vapors.
combustible cinerary incombustible

5. The fire which gutted the warehouse was likely caused by spontaneous
____________________. incombustible incinerator combustion

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 15

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• that which; someone or something that • burn up

belongs to; of, related to; one who • state, quality, act
• ash • one who, that which; condition, state,
• to place, to put activity
• able to be • in, into; not

1. -tion _________________________________________________________

2. ciner _________________________________________________________

3. -ary _________________________________________________________

4. in- _________________________________________________________

5. at-or _________________________________________________________

6. combus _________________________________________________________

7. t-ible _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

combustible combustion incinerator

incombustible cinerary

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 13-15

Review
Lessons 13–15

A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.

re- con- cuss pre- -y -esis -ion/-ions

-ic/et-ic iz-ation ex- combus in- ciner esth/esthe
-ness -ure cinct at-or -ary -tion esi-ology
graph suc- t-ible per- an- -esia cinemat/cinemato/kin

1. ________________________ like, related to

2. ________________________ write, written
3. ________________________ an action or process
4. ________________________ feeling, perception, sensation
5. ________________________ strike, shake
6. _______________________ below, under
7. ________________________ state, quality, act; that which; process, condition
8. ________________________ with, together
9. ________________________ state, quality
10. ________________________ back, again
11. ________________________ bind, border, surround
12. ________________________ before
13. ________________________ an action or process; state, quality, act
14. ________________________ through, very
15. ________________________ state of, quality, act; body, group
16. ________________________ not, without
17. ________________________ action, process
18. ________________________ state, quality, act
19. ________________________ ash
that which; someone or something that belongs to; of,
20. ________________________ related to; one who
21. ________________________ in, into; not
22. ________________________ one who, that which; condition, state, activity
23. ________________________ burn up
24. ________________________ able to be
25. ________________________ motion
26. ________________________ action, process
27. ________________________ study of, science

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 13-15

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. cinematization _____ a the group of instruments that produces sound

by being struck, such as drums, cymbals, and
2. cinematography _____ tambourines

3. kinesthesis _____ b anything that encircles, such as a belt or girdle

4. repercussions _____ c an injury to the brain, often resulting from a blow to

the head
5. cinematic _____
d related to movement
6. concussion _____
e loss of sensibility and motor power
7. cincture _____
f the ability to feel movements of the limbs and body
8. precinct _____
g the art and methods of photography used in
9. percussion _____ film making

10. anesthekinesia _____ h study of human musculoskeletal movement

11. kinesiology _____ i the process of adapting a novel, play, etc. for film
or movies
12. combustible _____
j relating to the production or showing of motion
13. cinerary _____ pictures

14. succinctness _____ k a part of a territory with definite bounds

15. incinerator _____ l not capable of being burned

16. incombustible _____ m a furnace for burning waste under controlled

conditions
17. kinetic _____
n act or process of burning
18. combustion _____
o containing or used for ashes

p able to burn easily

q the effects, often indirect or remote, of some event

or action

r the quality of expressing things in few words;

conciseness

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 13-15

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. bitelsubmnoci not capable of being burned __________________

2. snkhtsnaaeeeii loss of sensibility and motor power __________________

3. noomcitbsu act or process of burning __________________

4. trccnieu anything that encircles, such as a belt

or girdle __________________

5. eclobmibsut able to burn easily __________________

6. teniick related to movement __________________

7. rrnniicotae a furnace for burning waste under

controlled conditions __________________

8. isnieksehts the ability to feel movements of the limbs
and body __________________

9. poniercssu the group of instruments that produces

sound by being struck, such as drums,
cymbals, and tambourines __________________

10. rryaecni containing or used for ashes __________________

11. noisnocusc an injury to the brain, often resulting from

a blow to the head __________________

12. lsioeknigoy study of human musculoskeletal movement __________________

13. rreepnoiucsss the effects, often indirect or remote, of some

event or action __________________

14. mencctiai relating to the production or showing of

motion pictures __________________

15. tamenicyhpargo the art and methods of photography used
in film making __________________

16. repccnit a part of a territory with definite bounds __________________

17. ttaanniiimecoz the process of adapting a novel, play, etc.

for film or movies __________________

18. untcccneisss the quality of expressing things in few

words; conciseness __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 13-15

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The ____________________ that occurred in the garage was caused by the careless disposal
of oily rags. combustion concussion kinesthesis

2. ____________________ did not evolve with modern jazz and rock and roll, but was first used
in 1776 to describe musical instruments. Cinematization Percussion Kinesiology

3. In 1997, the film Titanic won the Oscar for best ____________________ effects.
kinetic cinerary cinematic

4. The contractor made certain that all of the materials used in the new building were
____________________ and safe. combustible incombustible kinetic

5. Even with the eyes closed, one is aware of the position of their limbs through
____________________. kinesthesis succinctness kinesiology

6. The prisoner was being held at the local police ____________________ where he committed
the crime. cincture incinerator precinct

7. Gasoline is a highly ____________________ and dangerous substance when ignited.

incombustible combustible cinematic

8. One can’t help but marvel at the lively, energetic, and ____________________ pace of modern
cartoon shows. kinetic cinerary cinematic

9. She gave her opinion with great ____________________ in the board meeting.
repercussions anesthekinesia succinctness

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 13-15

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

10. The first ____________________ of a Clive Cussler novel was Raise the Titanic back
in 1980. cinematization percussion cinematography

11. We looked on as the janitor neatly tied the trash into bundles and tossed them into the
____________________ during clean-up week. precinct incinerator cincture

12. When the skier hit a tree, it caused instant ____________________.

succinctness kinesthesis anesthekinesia

13. The ____________________ urn was displayed at the memorial service for the deceased.
cinerary combustible kinetic

14. PE teachers, coaches, physical therapists, and dancers typically have an interest in or have
studied ____________________. percussion kinesiology cinematography

15. The ____________________ she wore around her waist was an added decoration to her
lovely dress. cincture incinerator percussion

16. The tree limb fell on his head and caused a severe ____________________.
percussion combustion concussion

17. ____________________ has become extremely sophisticated and respected within the
motion picture industry. Kinesthesis Cinematography Succinctness

18. The ____________________ of the earthquake were still keenly felt.

repercussions combustion percussion

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 16

Lesson 16
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
a- away, from; not, colla glue, gelatinous -age state, quality, act
without
gen cause, birth, race, i-ation an action or process
produce
-ic like, related to
mano gas
-oid resembling
meter to measure
-ous having the quality of
sphygm/ pulse
sphygmo/
sphyx

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

sphygmomanometer collage sphygmic

collagenous asphyxiation colloid

1. ________________________ act or process of causing suffocation

an artistic composition made of various materials, such as

2. ________________________ paper, cloth, or wood, glued on a surface

3. ________________________ of, or pertaining to the circulatory pulse

4. ________________________ a gelatinous substance

5. ________________________
an instrument that measures blood pressure in the arteries

6. ________________________
forming or producing collagen

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 16

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The ____________________ indicated Clara’s blood pressure was normal at 120/78.

collage colloid sphygmomanometer

2. A distinguishing property of a ____________________ is that its particles can scatter light.

colloid collage sphygmomanometer

3. ____________________ can be an extreme hazard when working in enclosed spaces, such

as sewers or storage tanks. Asphyxiation Colloid Collage

4. ____________________ joint disease can be severe enough to simulate rheumatoid arthritis.

Colloid Sphygmic Collagenous

5. The nurse in the operating room monitored the patient’s ____________________ changes
throughout surgery. collagenous collage sphygmic

6. The class used scraps of colorful material to make a Christmas ____________________.

colloid collage sphygmomanometer

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 16

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• gas • resembling • to measure

• away, from; not, • lift, raise • pulse
without • having the quality of • an action or process
• state, quality, act • cause, birth, race, • like, related to
• glue, gelatinous produce

1. -ic _________________________________________________________

2. meter _________________________________________________________

3. -ous _________________________________________________________

4. a- _________________________________________________________

5. colla _________________________________________________________

6. sphygm/
sphygmo/
sphyx _________________________________________________________

7. gen _________________________________________________________

8. -age _________________________________________________________

9. mano _________________________________________________________

10. -oid _________________________________________________________

11. i-ation _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

sphygmomanometer collage sphygmic

collagenous asphyxiation colloid

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 17

Lesson 17
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
cryo* cold -ic like, related to
cryst crystal -ics science, related to,
gen cause, birth, race, system
produce all-ine like, related to
phil love, loving -y state of, quality; act; body,
group
scop look at, view, examine
therap treatment

*For more information on connecting vowels and combining forms, please see page vi in the Introduction.

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

cryogenics cryophilic cryoscopy

cryotherapy crystalline

1. ________________________ capable of living at low temperatures

2. ________________________ of the nature of crystals

the science that deals with the determination of the

3. ________________________ freezing points of liquids

the science that deals with the production of extremely low

4. ________________________ temperatures (physics)

5. ________________________
therapeutic use of cold

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 17

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The ____________________ bacteria developed best at laboratory temperatures below

ten degrees C. cryophilic crystalline cryogenics

2. ____________________ is currently used in such fields as space exploration, cattle

development, food preservation, and surgery. Cryotherapy Cryogenics Cryoscopy

3. The surface of the lake had a ____________________ reflection when the sun hit it.
cryoscopy crystalline cryophilic

4. ____________________ has been very successful in permanently removing skin growths.

Cryoscopy Cryogenics Cryotherapy

5. Chris was given a science assignment applying ____________________ with twelve

different liquids. cryotherapy cryoscopy cryogenics

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 17

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• like, related to • cause, birth, race, produce

• cold • state of, quality, act; body, group
• treatment • love, loving
• condition • look at, view, examine
• crystal • science, related to, system

1. all-ine _________________________________________________________

2. therap _________________________________________________________

3. cryo _________________________________________________________

4. -ic _________________________________________________________

5. scop _________________________________________________________

6. -y _________________________________________________________

7. cryst _________________________________________________________

8. phil _________________________________________________________

9. -ics _________________________________________________________

10. gen _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

cryogenics cryophilic cryoscopy

cryotherapy crystalline

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 18

Lesson 18
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
dactyl/ finger, toe -logy study of, science
dactylio/
dactylo -y state of, quality, act; body,
group
glyph carve
gram write, written
ptero wing, feather
scop look at, view, examine

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

dactylioglyph pterodactyl dactyloscopy

dactylology dactylogram

1. ________________________ the science of communicating by using hand signs;

sign language

2. ________________________ a fingerprint

the inscription of the engraver’s name on a finger ring

3. ________________________ or gem

4. ________________________ winged-fingered, prehistoric flying reptile

5. ________________________
examination of fingerprints for purposes of identification

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 18

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Isabella was very proud of the ____________________ on her beautiful diamond tiara.
dactylogram dactylioglyph pterodactyl

2. A ____________________ is a person’s indelible mark.

pterodactyl dactylioglyph dactylogram

3. ____________________ is one of the most invaluable tools used by crime fighters today.
Dactyloscopy Dactylology Pterodactyl

4. As an aid to the hearing impaired, digital versions of ____________________ are widely

available for computer keyboards. dactyloscopy dactylology dactylogram

5. The ____________________ lived on lakeshores during the late Jurassic period.

dactylogram pterodactyl dactylioglyph

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 18

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• wing, feather • write, written

• finger, toe • look at, view, examine
• study of, science • state of, quality, act; body, group
• carve • an action or process

1. gram _________________________________________________________

2. scop _________________________________________________________

3. -y _________________________________________________________

4. ptero _________________________________________________________

5. -logy _________________________________________________________

6. glyph _________________________________________________________

7. dactyl/
dactylio/
dactylo _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

dactylioglyph pterodactyl dactyloscopy

dactylology dactylogram

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 16-18

Review
Lessons 16–18

A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.

gen cryst mano therap -y colla a-

phil i-ation glyph ptero gram -ous
-ics -age all-ine cryo scop sphygm/sphygmo/sphyx
morph -oid -logy -ic meter dactyl/dactylio/dactylo

1. ________________________ like, related to

2. ________________________ treatment
3. ________________________ cold
4. ________________________ like, related to
5. ________________________ write, written
6. _______________________ look at, view, examine
7. ________________________ state of, quality, act; body, group
8. ________________________ wing, feather
9. ________________________ study of, science
10. ________________________ carve
11. ________________________ finger, toe
12. ________________________ to measure
13. ________________________ having the quality of
14. ________________________ away, from; not, without
15. ________________________ glue, gelatinous
16. ________________________ pulse
17. ________________________ cause, birth, race, produce
18. ________________________ state, quality, act
19. ________________________ gas
20. ________________________ resembling
21. ________________________ an action or process
22. ________________________ crystal
23. ________________________ love, loving
24. ________________________ science, related to, system

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 16-18

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. crystalline _____ a the science of communicating by using hand signs;

sign language
2. cryogenics _____
b a fingerprint
3. sphygmic _____
c the inscription of the engraver’s name on a finger
4. cryotherapy _____ ring or gem

5. cryoscopy _____ d winged-fingered, prehistoric flying reptile

6. sphygmomanometer _____ e act or process of causing suffocation

7. dactylioglyph _____ f an artistic composition made of various materials,

such as paper, cloth, or wood, glued on a surface
8. collagenous _____
g of, or pertaining to the circulatory pulse
9. collage _____
h a gelatinous substance
10. dactyloscopy _____
i an instrument which measures blood pressure in
11. dactylology _____ the arteries

12. asphyxiation _____ j capable of living at low temperatures

13. dactylogram _____ k of the nature of crystals

14. pterodactyl _____ l the science that deals with the determination of the
freezing points of liquids
15. colloid _____
m the science that deals with the production of
16. cryophilic _____ extremely low temperatures (physics)

n therapeutic use of cold

o forming or producing collagen

p examination of fingerprints for purposes of

identification

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 16-18

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. ladyygtcool the science of communicating by using

hand signs; sign language __________________

2. gelaocl an artistic composition made of various

materials, such as paper, cloth, or wood,
glued on a surface __________________

3. oilcadytpghyl the inscription of the engraver’s name on
a finger ring or gem __________________

4. noiiaatxyshp act or process of causing suffocation __________________

5. marcatdgyol a fingerprint __________________

6. csipmhgy of, or pertaining to the circulatory pulse __________________

7. tenillasycr of the nature of crystals __________________

8. namreetmogomhspy an instrument which measures

bloodpressure in the arteries __________________

9. lyhpoccrii capable of living at low temperatures __________________

10. cidolol a gelatinous substance __________________

11. scoopyyrc the science that deals with the determination

of the freezing points of liquids __________________

12. dypacoctysol examination of fingerprints for purposes

of identification __________________

13. ypyrarechot therapeutic use of cold __________________

14. oonegsuacll forming or producing collagen __________________

15. dotreplaytc winged-fingered, prehistoric flying reptile __________________

16. eogsnciryc the science that deals with the production of
extremely low temperatures (physics) __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 16-18

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. ____________________ poses little risk and is ideal for patients who cannot tolerate
conventional surgery. Cryotherapy Cryogenics Dactyloscopy

2. The investigation proved that the victim died by means of ____________________.

dactylology cryoscopy asphyxiation

3. Joey’s decorative ____________________ won first place.

dactylogram collage colloid

4. The simplest form of ____________________ is tracing the shape of letters in the air, or
tactually, tracing letters on the hand. dactyloscopy dactylology cryogenics

5. The ____________________ microorganisms were unable to survive when the temperature in

the incubator was turned up high. cryophilic sphygmic crystalline

6. ____________________ tissues are rich in glycine and proline.

Sphygmic Cryophilic Collagenous

7. Initially, the ____________________ felt very tight around my arm.

dactylioglyph sphygmomanometer colloid

8. The recovery of a ____________________ from a crime scene is an important method of

forensic science. dactylogram collage dactylioglyph

9. In the science fiction film, a fierce looking ____________________ came swooping down.
colloid dactylology pterodactyl

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 16-18

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

10. The ____________________ in the chemistry lab consisted of three substances with no
chemical bonding. collage colloid pterodactyl

11. The snow melted into cold, ____________________ water.

crystalline sphygmic cryophilic

12. All of the queen’s priceless jewels contained a ____________________.

dactyloscopy dactylioglyph dactylogram

13. The patient’s blood pressure was normal, but there were erratic ____________________
changes that were recorded. collagenous crystalline sphygmic

14. Liquid helium is produced by ____________________ and is used as a commercial

refrigerant. cryogenics dactyloscopy asphyxiation

15. By means of ____________________, they identified many of the victims who died in the
natural disaster. dactylology cryotherapy dactyloscopy

16. ____________________ was used to compare the freezing point of blood with that of
distilled water. Cryogenics Cryoscopy Dactylology

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 19

Lesson 19
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
an- not, without cardio heart -ia condition
echo sound -ic like, related to
gram write, written -ion an action or process;
lal talk, babble state, quality, act
locat place

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

echocardiogram echolocation echoic

anechoic echolalia

a means of locating an object using an emitted sound and

1. ________________________ the reflection back from it

a noninvasive technique that uses ultrasound to record the

2. ________________________ functioning of the heart

3. ________________________ formed in imitation of some natural sound

involuntary parrot-like repetition of a word or phrase just

4. ________________________ spoken by another; echoing

5. ________________________
free from echoes and reverberations

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 19

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Stereo systems are tested in ____________________ chambers which absorb all

stray sounds. echolocation echoic anechoic

2. Dolphins use ____________________ to navigate and find prey.

echolalia echocardiogram echolocation

3. ____________________ is often seen in autistic children.

Echolalia Echolocation Echocardiogram

4. Advertisers make good use of ____________________ phrases such as, “rice crispies snap,
crackle, and pop,” to help consumers remember their products.
echolalia anechoic echoic

5. Rosita’s chest pains were so severe that an ____________________ was necessary

for diagnosis. echolalia echocardiogram echolocation

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 19

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• an action or process; state, quality, act • condition

• place • sound
• not, without • write, written
• having the quality of • like, related to
• heart • talk, babble

1. lal _________________________________________________________

2. -ic _________________________________________________________

3. echo _________________________________________________________

4. an- _________________________________________________________

5. -ia _________________________________________________________

6. cardio _________________________________________________________

7. locat _________________________________________________________

8. -ion _________________________________________________________

9. gram _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

echocardiogram echolocation echoic

anechoic echolalia

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 20

Lesson 20
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
anthrop mankind, man -cene new, recent
eo dawn, early -ic like, related to
graph write, written -us thing which
lith/ stone -y state of, quality, act; body,
litho group
paleo* ancient, old
sphere ball

*For more information on connecting vowels and combining forms, please see page vi in the Introduction.

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

lithography lithosphere eolith

Eocene Eoanthropus Paleolithic

1. ________________________ the solid outer part of Earth composed of rock

2. ________________________ related to the early Stone Age

a genus of early man (comprising only the Piltdown man);

3. ________________________ dawn man

4. ________________________ a very early and crude stone tool

the process or method of printing from a metal or stone

5. ________________________
surface

6. ________________________
relating to the second epoch of the Tertiary period

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 20

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Geologists believe that the ____________________ was naturally formed and not of
human design. lithosphere eolith Eoanthropus

2. One typical style of ____________________ uses ink on a polished stone.

eolith lithosphere lithography

3. The stone implements characteristic of the ____________________ period were typically

rough or chipped. Eoanthropus Paleolithic Eocene

4. The discovery of the skull and jaw of ____________________ in England in 1908 was nothing
more than a hoax. eolith Eoanthropus lithosphere

5. The thickness of the ____________________ varies considerably from about one mile to
approximately eighty miles. lithosphere eolith Eoanthropus

6. Many modern species of birds first appeared in the ____________________ period.

Paleolithic Eoanthropus Eocene

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 20

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• state of, quality, act; body, group • flat, broad

• stone • ancient, old
• ball • thing which
• new, recent • write, written
• dawn, early • mankind, man
• like, related to

1. paleo _________________________________________________________

2. -y _________________________________________________________

3. eo _________________________________________________________

4. sphere _________________________________________________________

5. -ic _________________________________________________________

6. anthrop _________________________________________________________

7. -us _________________________________________________________

8. -cene _________________________________________________________

9. graph _________________________________________________________

10. lith/litho _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

lithography lithosphere eolith

Eocene Eoanthropus Paleolithic

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 21

Lesson 21
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
ergo/ work, power -ia condition
urg
science, related to,
metall metal, mine -ics
system
meter to measure -y state of, quality, act; body,
nom name, law, custom, group
order
phob fear of
pyro* fire, heat

*For more information on connecting vowels and combining forms, please see page vi in the Introduction.

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

pyrometallurgy metallurgy ergometer

ergonomics ergophobia

1. ________________________ a device for measuring work performance

the science and technology of extracting metals from

2. ________________________ their ores

3. ________________________ abnormal and persistent fear of work or the workplace

4. ________________________ chemical metallurgy that depends on heat action

the scientific design of products, machines, etc. to

5. ________________________
maximize user safety, comfort, and efficiency

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 21

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The ____________________ of the new office furniture reduced eyestrain and back problems
among the computer users. ergonomics ergophobia metallurgy

2. ____________________ of an ore involves roasting or smelting.

Ergometer Pyrometallurgy Metallurgy

3. Most endurance-training machines today are equipped with an ____________________.

ergophobia ergonomics ergometer

4. Saundra’s ____________________ was brought on by anxiety over socializing with her

co-workers after work. ergophobia ergonomics metallurgy

5. Dana has a doctorate degree in ____________________ from the Colorado School of Mines.
ergonomics metallurgy ergophobia

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 21

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• to measure • science, related to, system

• condition • fire, heat
• an action or process • metal, mine
• name, law, custom, order • state of, quality, act; body, group
• fear of • work, power

1. meter _________________________________________________________

2. ergo/urg _________________________________________________________

3. -ia _________________________________________________________

4. metall _________________________________________________________

5. pyro _________________________________________________________

6. -ics _________________________________________________________

7. nom _________________________________________________________

8. -y _________________________________________________________

9. phob _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

pyrometallurgy metallurgy ergometer

ergonomics ergophobia

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 19-21

Review
Lessons 19–21

A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.

lal -ia meter graph -ion phob nom

paleo eo -ic -us an- -al -ics
metall ergo/urg lith/litho -cene locat gram
-y sphere anthrop echo cardio pyro

1. ________________________ ancient, old

2. ________________________ state of, quality, act; body, group
3. ________________________ dawn, early
4. ________________________ ball
5. ________________________ like, related to
6. _______________________ mankind, man
7. ________________________ thing which
8. ________________________ new, recent
9. ________________________ write, written
10. ________________________ stone
11. ________________________ to measure
12. ________________________ work, power
13. ________________________ condition
14. ________________________ metal, mine
15. ________________________ talk, babble
16. ________________________ sound
17. ________________________ not, without
18. ________________________ heart
19. ________________________ place
20. ________________________ an action or process; state, quality, act
21. ________________________ write, written
22. ________________________ fire, heat
23. ________________________ science, related to, system
24. ________________________ name, law, custom, order
25. ________________________ fear of

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 19-21

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. echocardiogram _____ a a device for measuring work performance

2. eolith _____ b the science and technology of extracting metals

from their ores
3. echolocation _____
c abnormal and persistent fear of work or the
4. Eocene _____ workplace

5. anechoic _____ d the solid outer part of Earth composed of rock

6. echoic _____ e related to the early Stone Age

7. metallurgy _____ f a genus of early man (comprising only the Piltdown

man); dawn man
8. ergophobia _____
g a very early and crude stone tool
9. ergometer _____
h a means of locating an object using an emitted
10. Eoanthropus _____ sound and the reflection back from it

11. pyrometallurgy _____ i a noninvasive technique that uses ultrasound to

record the functioning of the heart
12. Paleolithic _____
j formed in imitation of some natural sound
13. ergonomics _____
k involuntary parrot-like repetition of a word or phrase
14. lithosphere _____ just spoken by another; echoing

15. echolalia _____ l free from echoes and reverberations

16. lithography _____ m the process or method of printing from a metal or

stone surface

n relating to the second epoch of the Tertiary period

o chemical metallurgy that depends on heat action

p the scientific design of products, machines, etc. to

maximize user safety, comfort, and efficiency

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 19-21

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. tacloohceoin a means of locating an object using an emitted

sound and the reflection back from it __________________

2. rtreeeomg a device for measuring work performance __________________

3. ciPhiltaoel related to the early Stone Age __________________

4. aeirbgoohp abnormal and persistent fear of work or the

workplace __________________

5. loeiht a very early and crude stone tool __________________

6. mooncsiger the scientific design of products, machines,

etc. to maximize user safety, comfort, and
efficiency __________________

7. darcochegoimar a noninvasive technique that uses ultrasound

to record the functioning of the heart __________________

8. sphhotileer the solid part of Earth composed of rock __________________

9. gymllrueat the science and technology of extracting
metals from their ores __________________

10. poursEtanho a genus of early man (comprising

only the Piltdown man); dawn man __________________

11. ypygurlaltemor chemical metallurgy that depends on

heat action __________________

12. yhpargohlti the process or method of printing from a

metal or stone surface __________________

13. aailohlce involuntary parrot-like repetition of a word

or phrase just spoken by another; echoing __________________

14. oceihc formed in imitation of some natural sound __________________

15. oneeEc relating to the second epoch of the

Tertiary period __________________

16. cneacioh free from echoes and reverberations __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 19-21

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. ____________________ occurs in normal language development up until 30 months of age.

Lithosphere Echolalia Echolocation

2. Several of the techniques used in ____________________ are casting, tempering, soldering,

and welding. metallurgy ergonomics lithography

3. Sufferers of ____________________ typically experience undue and irrational anxiety with

respect to the workplace environment. echolalia pyrometallurgy ergophobia

4. Bats use ____________________ to locate food and to avoid flying into trees in the dark.
echolocation echolalia lithography

5. Earth’s ____________________ contains continental plates that move over time.

ergometer lithosphere metallurgy

6. During the ____________________ era, all the major divisions or orders of modern
mammals appeared. echoic anechoic Eocene

7. An ____________________ will vary according to the type of work being done and the
particular muscles being used. echocardiogram eolith ergometer

8. In modern ____________________, the image is made of a polymer coating applied to a

flexible aluminum plate. lithography pyrometallurgy ergonomics

9. The climate, vegetation, and animal life of Earth in the ____________________ period
differed significantly from what they are today. anechoic echoic Paleolithic

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 19-21

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

10. A transesophageal ____________________ is performed in the presence of a cardiologist, an

RN, and an ultrasound technician. ergophobia echocardiogram echolalia

11. The poem, “Running Water,” makes use of such ____________________ phrases as, “water
plops, splish-splash, and babbling bubbles.” echoic anechoic Paleolithic

12. A naturally shaped ____________________ consisted of frost-split chunks of stone with

crudely chipped flakes. ergometer lithosphere eolith

13. The bassoonist settled into the ____________________ chamber as he prepared for another
grueling recording session. Eocene anechoic echoic

14. ____________________ remained the subject of controversy for 40 years, up until its forgery
was exposed in 1953. Eoanthropus Ergonomics Echolalia

15. As a result of ____________________, our chairs at work keep us from slouching.

echolocation ergophobia ergonomics

16. ____________________ requires energy input from fossil fuel or electrical heat in order to
sustain the necessary temperature. Metallurgy Pyrometallurgy Lithography

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 22

Lesson 22
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
dys- bad, badly calypt hidden, covered -ia condition
eu- good, well peps/ digest -ide thing belonging to
pept -us thing which
phor bear, produce

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

euphoria peptide eupepsia

dyspepsia eucalyptus

a feeling of great joy, excitement, or well-being, almost to

1. ________________________ the point of exaggeration

Australian evergreen tree with rigid leaves and protected

2. ________________________ flowers that has medicinal and industrial value

3. ________________________ indigestion

4. ________________________
a compound with amino bonds

5. ________________________
good digestion

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 22

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The fans were in a state of ____________________ weeks after their team won the state
football championship. eupepsia dyspepsia euphoria

2. ____________________ hydrolyzes into an amino acid and forms the basic building blocks
of proteins. Peptide Eucalyptus Eupepsia

3. The antacid relieved Matt’s ____________________.

euphoria dyspepsia eupepsia

4. Betsy attributed her ____________________ to a healthy diet.

eupepsia dyspepsia euphoria

5. The oil from the ____________________ is a powerful natural disinfectant.

peptide euphoria eucalyptus

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 22

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• bear, produce • condition

• thing which • hidden, covered
• with, together • bad, badly
• good, well • thing belonging to
• digest

1. calypt _________________________________________________________

2. eu- _________________________________________________________

3. -ia _________________________________________________________

4. peps/pept _________________________________________________________

5. dys- _________________________________________________________

6. -us _________________________________________________________

7. -ide _________________________________________________________

8. phor _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

euphoria peptide eupepsia

dyspepsia eucalyptus

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 23

Lesson 23
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
a- away, from; not, felic pleasing, happy, it-ation an action or process
without suitable
-ic like, related to
dys- bad, badly troph nourish
-ity state, quality, act
hyper- over, above it-ous having quality of
in- in, into; not -y state of, quality, act; body
group

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

felicity hypertrophy felicitation dystrophy

atrophy infelicitous trophic

1. ________________________ excessive growth or enlargement of a body part or organ

2. ________________________ pleasing and appropriate manner; happiness

to waste away or to decrease in size (as of a body part

3. ________________________ or tissue)

4. ________________________ unsuitable; inappropriate

any degenerative disorder resulting from inadequate or

5. ________________________
faulty nutrition

an expression of pleasure at the success or good fortune

6. ________________________
of another

7. ________________________
of, or relating to nutrition

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 23

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. As a songwriter, William has the knack for combining great linguistic ____________________
with an ear for a tune. felicitation atrophy felicity

2. Many athletes experience ____________________ of muscle cells as a result of

increased exercise. dystrophy hypertrophy atrophy

3. Having to be in a cast for five months, Eric fears his leg muscles will ____________________.
atrophy dystrophy hypertrophy

4. His article was full of erroneous and ____________________ remarks.

felicitation trophic infelicitous

5. Her muscles showed a marked ____________________ which made walking difficult.

felicitation dystrophy hypertrophy

6. The guest offered a ____________________ to the engaged couple.

felicitation atrophy felicity

7. The captives were poorly fed and suffering from ____________________ disorders.
felicity infelicitous trophic

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 23

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• nourish • pleasing, happy, suitable

• away, from; not, without • over, above
• like, related to • state, quality, act
• against, opposite • in, into; not
• bad, badly • having the quality of
• an action or process • state of, quality, act; body group

1. -ity _________________________________________________________

2. in- _________________________________________________________

3. troph _________________________________________________________

4. a- _________________________________________________________

5. it-ation _________________________________________________________

6. dys- _________________________________________________________

7. felic _________________________________________________________

8. -ic _________________________________________________________

9. hyper- _________________________________________________________

10. -y _________________________________________________________

11. it-ous _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

felicity hypertrophy felicitation dystrophy

atrophy infelicitous trophic

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 24

Lesson 24
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
to, toward, flu/ flowing like, related to; an action
af- i-al
against fluc/ or process
ef- out flux tu-ation an action or process
in- in, into; not -ence/ state, quality, act
-ency
re- back, again
-ent one who, that which; like,
related to

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

influential reflux influx fluency

affluence fluctuation effluent

1. ________________________ an abundance of material wealth

2. ________________________ variation in level, degree; constant change

3. ________________________ effortless expression

4. ________________________ having a great deal of power to change something

5. ________________________
the arrival of a large number of people or things

6. ________________________
a backward flow

7. ________________________
flowing outward or forward

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 24

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Curbing the ____________________ of illegal immigrants is an ongoing task for border patrol.
fluency influx reflux

2. The ____________________ stream originated from the highway drainage ditches.

fluency effluent influential

3. Signs of ____________________ abounded throughout the neighborhood.

fluctuation fluency affluence

4. ____________________ in the price of fresh produce is highly seasonal.

Fluctuation Affluence Influx

5. Haley became an ____________________ CEO within the corporation.

effluent reflux influential

6. Raymond’s ____________________ in speaking five languages got him the job of interpreter.
affluence fluency fluctuation

7. His heartburn was due to acid ____________________.

influx fluctuation reflux

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 24

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• like, related to; an action or process • an action or process

• out • state, quality, act
• back, again • to, toward, against
• flowing • one who, that which; like, related to
• flower • in, into; not

1. flu/fluc/flux _________________________________________________________

2. -ent _________________________________________________________

3. af- _________________________________________________________

4. i-al _________________________________________________________

5. -ence/-ency _________________________________________________________

6. ef- _________________________________________________________

7. tu-ation _________________________________________________________

8. in- _________________________________________________________

9. re- _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

influential reflux influx fluency

affluence fluctuation effluent

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 22-24

Review
Lessons 22–24

A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.

it-ous flu/fluc/flux scop -ence/-ency troph it-ation eu-

hyper- ef- felic -ide in- dys- i-al
-ent -y af- -us a- peps/pept calypt
-ic tu-ation phor -ity re- -ia

1. ________________________ flowing
2. ________________________ one who, that which; like, related to
3. ________________________ to, toward, against
4. ________________________ like, related to; an action or process
5. ________________________ state, quality, act
6. _______________________ like, related to
7. ________________________ in, into; not
8. ________________________ nourish
9. ________________________ away, from; not, without
10. ________________________ an action or process
11. ________________________ bad, badly
12. ________________________ hidden, covered
13. ________________________ good, well
14. ________________________ condition
15. ________________________ digest
16. ________________________ back, again
17. ________________________ thing which
18. ________________________ thing belonging to
19. ________________________ bear, produce
20. ________________________ pleasing, happy, suitable
21. ________________________ state, quality, act
22. ________________________ over, above
23. ________________________ state of, quality, act; body group
24. ________________________ having the quality of
25. ________________________ out
26. ________________________ an action or process

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 22-24

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. hypertrophy _____ a a feeling of great joy, excitement, or well-being,

almost to the point of exaggeration
2. eucalyptus _____
b Australian evergreen tree with rigid leaves
3. influx _____ and protected flowers that has medicinal and
industrial value
4. influential _____
c indigestion
5. fluency _____
d an abundance of material wealth
6. fluctuation _____
e variation in level, degree; constant change
7. affluence _____
f effortless expression
8. dyspepsia _____
g having a great deal of power to change something
9. euphoria _____
h the arrival of a large number of people or things
10. eupepsia _____
i excessive growth or enlargement of a body part
11. peptide _____ or organ

12. reflux _____ j pleasing and appropriate manner; happiness

13. effluent _____ k to waste away or to decrease in size (as of a body

part or tissue)
14 . trophic _____
l unsuitable; inappropriate
15 . felicitation _____
m any degenerative disorder resulting from inadequate
16. infelicitous _____ or faulty nutrition

17. dystrophy _____ n an expression of pleasure at the success or good

fortune of another
18. atrophy _____
o of, or relating to nutrition
19. felicity _____
p a backward flow

q flowing outward or forward

r a compound with amino bonds

s good digestion

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 22-24

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. caenueflf an abundance of material wealth __________________

2. dipetep a compound with amino bonds __________________

3. yenculf effortless expression __________________

4. suiotceilfin unsuitable; inappropriate __________________

5. xflniu the arrival of a large number of

people or things __________________

6. yefticil pleasing and appropriate manner; happiness __________________

7. teenuflf flowing outward or forward __________________

8. popyyterrhh excessive growth or enlargement of a

body part or organ __________________

9. xerluf a backward flow __________________

10. rotpayh to waste away or to decrease in size

(as of a body part or tissue) __________________

11. lianiftlnue having a great deal of power to

change something __________________

12. topyrhsdy any degenerative disorder resulting from

inadequate or faulty nutrition __________________

13. sputyaluce Australian evergreen tree with rigid leaves

and protected flowers that has medicinal
and industrial value __________________

14. pitcorh of, or relating to nutrition __________________

15. rhaoipue a feeling of great joy, excitement, or

well-being, almost to the point of exaggeration
__________________

16. aeoiiilfcntt an expression of pleasure at the success
or good fortune of another __________________

17. sapiepyds indigestion

__________________

18. noftaicutul variation in level, degree; constant change __________________

19. aeiusppe good digestion __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 22-24

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Jessica received a ____________________ from her fellow classmates for being the only one
to make the honor roll. felicitation felicity euphoria

2. Tinctures of ____________________ are used as inhalants to treat infections of the upper

respiratory tract. peptide affluence eucalyptus

3. The patient suffered from ____________________ of the heart due to the build-up of fluids in
the surrounding tissues. dystrophy hypertrophy dyspepsia

4. Less fortunate nations have both admired and envied the ____________________ of the
United States. affluence felicitation fluency

5. A/An ____________________ stream will increase in water volume farther down stream as it
gains water from a local aquifer. trophic influential effluent

6. ____________________ can have many causes, including ulcers, reflux disease, and even
some medications. Eupepsia Dyspepsia Atrophy

7. Her decision to wear an ____________________ outfit to the interview cost her the job.
infelicitous influential effluent

8. The ____________________ in the weather this time of the year makes it difficult to know how
to dress. dystrophy reflux fluctuation

9. A ____________________ can contain a fragment that can be used to identify or quantify the
protein source. peptide felicitation eucalyptus

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 22-24

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

10. The position that an organism occupies along the food chain is referred to as the
____________________ level. infelicitous trophic effluent

11. I studied French for years, but I gained ____________________ after I visited France.
euphoria felicity fluency

12. Alyssa’s acid ____________________ caused a terrible burning feeling in her chest.
reflux influx eupepsia

13. As long as I avoid fried and spicy foods, I can maintain ____________________.
affluence eupepsia dyspepsia

14. The doctor felt that the boy’s ____________________ was caused by a lack of nutrients
when he was a baby. euphoria hypertrophy dystrophy

15. I was in a state of ____________________ once I realized I hadn’t lost my wedding ring
after all. euphoria felicitation eupepsia

16. Her personality is so full of ___________________ that we felt at ease the minute we met her.
fluency felicity peptide

17. My grandfather’s wise advice as I was growing up proved to be extremely

____________________ in all my decisions. effluent infelicitous influential

18. Wearing a cast on a broken leg for a long period of time can result in ___________________.
atrophy hypertrophy dyspepsia

19. At spring break, there is a/an ___________________ of college students in Cocoa Beach, FL.
reflux influx euphoria

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 25

Lesson 25
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
in- in, into; not ambul walk one who; related to,
i-ac
pertaining to
foli leaf
-age state, quality, act
somn sleep
i-ferous producing
-ist one who
at-ory like, having the quality of
-ose having the quality of, a
carbohydrate

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

ambulatory somniferous insomniac

somnambulist foliose foliage

1. ________________________ sleepwalker

2. ________________________ covered with leaves; leafy

3. ________________________ sleep inducing

4. ________________________ able to walk and not confined to bed

5. ________________________
person who is unable to sleep

6. ________________________
leaves, as of a plant or tree

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 25

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Being a/an ____________________ left Randy feeling tired all the time.
foliose insomniac somnambulist

2. The doctor says your leg is healing nicely and you’ll be ____________________ in
another week. somniferous foliose ambulatory

3. The jarring sound of the door being unlocked snapped the ____________________ out of a
deep trance. insomniac somnambulist foliage

4. The plant was so ____________________, one couldn’t see light through it.
foliose ambulatory somniferous

5. The poem was about a tree adorned with such exquisite ____________________.
insomniac somnambulist foliage

6. A glass of warm milk at bedtime is reputed to have a ____________________ effect.

foliose somniferous ambulatory

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 25

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• one who; related to, pertaining to • in, into; not

• walk • one who
• state, quality, act • leaf
• an action or process • having the quality of, a carbohydrate
• sleep • like, having the quality of
• producing

1. -age _________________________________________________________

2. foli _________________________________________________________

3. in- _________________________________________________________

4. at-ory _________________________________________________________

5. ambul _________________________________________________________

6. i-ac _________________________________________________________

7. somn _________________________________________________________

8. -ose _________________________________________________________

9. -ist _________________________________________________________

10. i-ferous _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

ambulatory somniferous insomniac

somnambulist foliose foliage

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 26

Lesson 26
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
de- from, away, glac ice i-arium place where
down, apart, not
i-ation an action or process
-ier that which
-ist one who
i-olog/ study of, science
i-ology

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

glaciology glaciarium glaciation

deglaciation glacier glaciologist

1. ________________________ a skating rink with a floor of artificial ice

the scientific study of the nature, formation, and

2. ________________________ movement of glaciers

the gradual melting away of a glacier from the surface

3. ________________________ of a landmass

4. ________________________ a slow moving mass of ice

5. ________________________
expert in the formation, movements, etc. of glaciers

the process of being covered or covering with masses

6. ________________________
of ice

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 26

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. A ____________________ that is bluish-emerald green in color signifies bacteria and other

microbes living in the ice. glaciarium glacier glaciation

2. The renowned ____________________ lectured on all forms of snow research, including

avalanche forecasting. glaciologist glacier glaciology

3. The world’s first known ____________________ was opened in London in 1876 and was
used solely by the nobility. deglaciation glacier glaciarium

4. During times of ____________________, supplies of fluvioglacial deposits often exceed a

river’s capacity, resulting in extensive sediment accumulation.
glaciology deglaciation glaciation

5. Unsurprisingly, ____________________ is one of the key areas supported by polar research.

glaciology glaciation deglaciation

6. There are two main categories of ____________________: mountain and continental.

glaciarium glaciation deglaciation

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 26

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• one who • an action or process

• place where • from, away, down, apart, not
• ice • that which
• flowing • study of, science

1. i-olog/i-ology _________________________________________________________

2. i-ation _________________________________________________________

3. de- _________________________________________________________

4. i-arium _________________________________________________________

5. glac _________________________________________________________

6. -ier _________________________________________________________

7. -ist _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

glaciology glaciarium glaciation

deglaciation glacier glaciologist

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 27

Lesson 27
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
epi- on, outside gloss/ language, tongue -ary that which; someone or
glosso/ something that belongs to;
glot/ of, related to; one who
glott -ia condition
lal talk, babble
-is thing which
poly* many -itis inflammation

*For more information on connecting vowels and combining forms, please see page vi in the Introduction.

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

glossary epiglottis glossolalia

polyglot glossitis

1. ________________________ a person who speaks several different languages

an alphabetical list of specialized words with their

2. ________________________ definitions, usually at the back of a book

3. ________________________ inflammation of the tongue

a small flap at the back of the tongue that covers the

4. ________________________ windpipe during swallowing

5. ________________________
repetitive non-meaningful speech

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 27

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. There was no reasonable explanation for Jessica’s ____________________ while

under hypnosis. glossary glossolalia glossitis

2. Being a ____________________, Tony had no problem while visiting many different countries.
polyglot glossolalia epiglottis

3. The technical ____________________ contained only words which applied to PCB design
and manufacturing. glossitis glossolalia glossary

4. Without a/an ____________________, a person would cough or choke every time she/he
tried to eat. epiglottis polyglot glossary

5. Good oral hygiene, consisting of daily brushing and flossing, along with regular dental exams,
may help prevent ____________________. glossolalia glossitis epiglottis

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 27

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• not, without • talk, babble

• that which; someone or something that • on, outside
belongs to; of, related to; one who • thing which
• condition • language, tongue
• many • inflammation

1. lal _________________________________________________________

2. -is _________________________________________________________

3. poly _________________________________________________________

4. epi- _________________________________________________________

5. -ary _________________________________________________________

6. -ia _________________________________________________________

7. -itis _________________________________________________________

8. gloss/glosso/
glot/glott _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

glossary epiglottis glossolalia

polyglot glossitis

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 25-27

Review
Lessons 25–27

A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.

-itis -ary -ist at-ory i-ac de- i-olog/i-ology

lal epi- foli ambul -ose i-arium
poly –ia -age somn -ier i-ation
-is thorax in- i-ferous glac gloss/glosso/glot/glott

1. ________________________ talk, babble

2. ________________________ thing which
3. ________________________ many
4. ________________________ on, outside
that which; someone or something that belongs to; of,
5. ________________________ related to; one who
6. _______________________ condition
7. ________________________ state, quality, act
8. ________________________ leaf
9. ________________________ in, into; not
10. ________________________ like, having the quality of
11. ________________________ walk
12. ________________________ one who; related to, pertaining to
13. ________________________ sleep
14. ________________________ having the quality of, a carbohydrate
15. ________________________ one who
16. ________________________ study of, science
17. ________________________ an action or process
18. ________________________ from, away, down, apart, not
19. ________________________ place where
20. ________________________ ice
21. ________________________ that which
22. ________________________ producing
23. ________________________ inflammation
24. ________________________ language, tongue

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 25-27

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. epiglottis _____ a sleepwalker

2. glaciology _____ b covered with leaves; leafy

3. somniferous _____ c sleep inducing

4. ambulatory _____ d a person who speaks several different languages

5. glaciation _____ e an alphabetical list of specialized words with their

definitions, usually at the back of a book
6. glaciologist _____
f inflammation of the tongue
7. somnambulist _____
g a small flap at the back of the tongue that covers the
8. glacier _____ windpipe during swallowing

9. foliage _____ h repetitive non-meaningful speech

10. foliose _____ i a skating rink with a floor of artificial ice

11. insomniac _____ j the scientific study of the nature, formation, and
movement of glaciers
12. glossolalia _____
k the gradual melting away of a glacier from the
13. glossitis _____ surface of a landmass

14. glossary _____ l a slow moving mass of ice

15. polyglot _____ m expert in the formation, movements, etc.

of glaciers
16. deglaciation _____
n the process of being covered or covering with
17. glaciarium _____ masses of ice

o able to walk and not confined to bed

p person who is unable to sleep

q leaves, as of a plant or tree

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 25-27

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. toolgpyl a person who speaks several

different languages __________________

2. olgniatcai the process of being covered or covering

with masses of ice __________________

3. iitolgsss inflammation of the tongue __________________

4. lubmatoayr able to walk and not confined to bed __________________

5. aillosagsol repetitive non-meaningful speech __________________

6. tssoimlnuabm sleepwalker __________________

7. railecg a slow moving mass of ice __________________

8. suoerfminos sleep inducing __________________

9. tsitgipeol a small flap at the back of the tongue that

covers the windpipe during swallowing __________________

10. saciinnom person who is unable to sleep __________________

11. llyooggcai the scientific study of the nature, formation,

and movement of glaciers __________________

12. mguliarcai a skating rink with a floor of artificial ice __________________

13. gailoef leaves, as of a plant or tree __________________

14. noitaicalged the gradual melting away of a glacier from

the surface of a landmass __________________

15. oilseof covered with leaves; leafy __________________

16. ggllooiitsca expert in the formation, movements,

etc. of glaciers __________________

17. royslsga an alphabetical list of specialized words with

their definitions, usually at the back of a book __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 25-27

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The patient was ____________________, and therefore, able to leave the hospital that
same day. ambulatory somniferous foliose

2. The ____________________ said good-bye in French, German, and Japanese.

insomniac glaciologist polyglot

3. The cruise ship contained a small ____________________ for people to enjoy the relaxing
pastime of skating. glacier glaciarium epiglottis

4. It was when I found myself standing in my backyard in my pajamas at 3:00 a.m., that I realized
I was a ____________________. somnambulist polyglot glaciologist

5. The biology textbook contained a ____________________ that helped us understand all the
technical words. glossolalia glossary glaciation

6. Areas of study within ____________________ include glacial history and the reconstruction of
past glaciation. glaciology deglaciation glossitis

7. Lichens are ____________________ and can live on rocks or on trees.

ambulatory somniferous foliose

8. The boring lecturer had a very ____________________ effect on the audience.

foliose ambulatory somniferous

9. After suffering from ____________________, Paul could no longer eat hot or spicy food.
glossitis glossolalia epiglottis

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 25-27

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

10. As ice melts during ____________________, the volume of water in ocean basins
will increase. glaciation deglaciation glaciology

11. Sometimes a ____________________ can extend for miles and miles.

polyglot foliage glacier

12. The ____________________ is an important part of the mouth since it keeps food from going
into the lungs when we swallow. epiglottis glossary glossitis

13. A ____________________ would have a special concern for flooding that occurs when water
builds up behind a glacier and then breaks loose.
polyglot glaciologist somnambulist

14. There was much ____________________ during the revival service.

glossolalia foliage glaciation

15. The ____________________ counts hundreds of sheep each and every night.
polyglot somnambulist insomniac

16. Due to extremely long and harsh winters, North America’s Great Lakes frequently
experience ____________________. glaciation deglaciation glossolalia

17. It can be fatal to eat the ____________________ on a rhubarb plant since they have a high
level of toxicity. glossary foliage glaciarium

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 28

Lesson 28
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
con- with, together gen cause, birth, race, -acious having the quality of
produce
-arious of, related to
greg herd, flock
-ation an action or process
tum/ swell -escence growing
tumori
-ic like, related to
ult-uous having the quality of

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

tumorigenic tumescence congregation

contumacious tumultuous gregarious

1. ________________________ full of commotion and uproar

2. ________________________ a group of people or things gathered together; gathering

3. ________________________ fond of company; sociable

4. ________________________ producing or tending to produce tumors

5. ________________________
willfully obstinate

6. ________________________
condition of being swollen or enlarged

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 28

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. A ____________________ witness is subject to punishment.

gregarious tumorigenic contumacious

2. His administration was marked by ____________________ years.

tumultuous contumacious tumorigenic

3. Unlike her shy twin sister, Lucille is outgoing and ____________________.

contumacious gregarious tumultuous

4. Ruben’s head injury resulted in the ____________________ of brain tissue.

tumultuous tumescence congregation

5. A ____________________ of news reporters waited outside the courtroom.

gregarious congregation tumescence

6. Cigarette smoking is known to have a ____________________ effect on lung tissue.

contumacious tumultuous tumorigenic

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 28

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• herd, flock • swell

• having the quality of • an action or process
• with, together • growing
• to press together • like, related to
• of, related to • cause, birth, race, produce

1. -ic _________________________________________________________

2. con- _________________________________________________________

3. greg _________________________________________________________

4. ult-uous _________________________________________________________

5. -arious _________________________________________________________

6. gen _________________________________________________________

7. -escence _________________________________________________________

8. tum/tumori _________________________________________________________

9. -ation _________________________________________________________

10. -acious _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

tumorigenic tumescence congregation

contumacious tumultuous gregarious

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 29

Lesson 29
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
ec- out caust burn -ary that which; someone or
something that belongs to;
gram write, written
of, related to; one who
hol/ entire, whole
ist-ic like, related to
holo
stas/ standing still t-ics science, related to,
stat/ system
statis -ion an action or process;
state, quality, act
-y state of, quality, act; body,
group

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

ecstasy stationary holocaust

holistic hologram statistics

1. ________________________ fixed in position

2. ________________________ 3-dimensional photographical image

3. ________________________ total or mass destruction

4. ________________________ a collection of numerical data, facts

a state beyond reason and self-control; overwhelming

5. ________________________
emotion

6. ________________________
involving all of something

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 29

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. When money flowed from the slot machine, his demeanor was one of ___________________.
hologram ecstasy statistics

2. The elderly woman used a ____________________ bicycle in her home to exercise.

hologram holistic stationary

3. They used ____________________ from several sources to determine which medicine was
most effective. ecstasy statistics hologram

4. When teaching reading, the professor preferred a ____________________ approach.

holocaust holistic stationary

5. Children were shown, then asked to identify, the ____________________ of a famous person.
holocaust statistics hologram

6. During World War II, the destruction of Jewish villages and the slaughter of their inhabitants
was considered to be a ____________________.
hologram holocaust statistics

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 29

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• that which; someone or something that • burn

belongs to; of, related to; one who • entire, whole
• standing still • science, related to, system
• like, related to • an action or process; state, quality, act
• out • state of, quality, act; body, group
• against, opposite • write, written

1. stas/stat/statis _________________________________________________________

2. -ion _________________________________________________________

3. caust _________________________________________________________

4. -ary _________________________________________________________

5. ec- _________________________________________________________

6. gram _________________________________________________________

7. ist-ic _________________________________________________________

8. -y _________________________________________________________

9. holo/holo _________________________________________________________

10. t-ics _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

ecstasy stationary holocaust

holistic hologram statistics

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 30

Lesson 30
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
hypn/ sleep -ia condition
hypno*
t-ist one who
narco* numbness, stupor
-osis condition
phob fear of
-y state of, quality, act; body,
therap treatment group
*For more information on connecting vowels and combining forms, please see page vi in the Introduction.

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

hypnotist hypnophobia hypnosis

narcohypnia hypnotherapy

1. ________________________ a person who uses hypnosis as a form of treatment

the use of hypnosis in treating illness or emotional

2. ________________________ problems

3. ________________________ a state that resembles sleep but is induced by suggestion

4. ________________________ numbness experienced upon awakening

5. ________________________
an abnormal fear of falling asleep

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 30

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. ____________________ is sometimes used as a remedy for various phobias.

Narcohypnia Hypnotherapy Hypnophobia

2. Kelly’s nightmares were so terrifying that she developed ____________________.

hypnosis hypnotherapy hypnophobia

3. Marlene went to a ____________________ to get help with her chronic pain.

hypnotist hypnosis narcohypnia

4. While under deep ____________________, he remembered the traumatic events of

the accident. hypnophobia hypnosis narcohypnia

5. Mike’s recent back injury caused him to have numerous episodes of ____________________.
narcohypnia hypnosis hypnotist

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 30

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• fear of • state of, quality, act; body, group

• condition • treatment
• thing which • one who
• sleep • numbness, stupor

1. -osis _________________________________________________________

2. hypn/hypno _________________________________________________________

3. t-ist _________________________________________________________

4. phob _________________________________________________________

5. -ia _________________________________________________________

6. therap _________________________________________________________

7. -y _________________________________________________________

8. narco _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

hypnotist hypnophobia hypnosis

narcohypnia hypnotherapy

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 28-30

Review
Lessons 28–30
A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.

-arious -ic anthrop ec- -osis t-ist

gen con- -ion -y therap -ia
ult-uous caust -ation gram narco phob
greg -ary stas/stat/statis ist-ic t-ics
-escence tum/tumori -acious hol/holo hypn/hypno

1. ________________________ like, related to

2. ________________________ with, together
3. ________________________ herd, flock
4. ________________________ having the quality of
5. ________________________ of, related to
6. _______________________ cause, birth, race, produce
7. ________________________ growing
8. ________________________ swell
9. ________________________ an action or process
10. ________________________ having the quality of
11. ________________________ standing still
12. ________________________ an action or process; state, quality, act
13. ________________________ burn
that which; someone or something that belongs to; of,
14. ________________________ related to; one who
15. ________________________ out
16. ________________________ write, written
17. ________________________ like, related to
18. ________________________ state of, quality, act; body, group
19. ________________________ entire, whole
20. ________________________ science, related to, system
21. ________________________ condition
22. ________________________ sleep
23. ________________________ one who
24. ________________________ fear of
25. ________________________ condition
26. ________________________ treatment
27. ________________________ numbness, stupor

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 28-30

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. narcohypnia _____ a a person who uses hypnosis as a form of treatment

2. holocaust _____ b the use of hypnosis in treating illness or emotional

problems
3. tumultuous _____
c a state that resembles sleep but is induced by
4. hypnotist _____ suggestion

5. holistic _____ d numbness experienced upon awakening

6. contumacious _____ e an abnormal fear of falling asleep

7. tumorigenic _____ f fixed in position

8. hypnotherapy _____ g 3-dimensional photographical image

9. congregation _____ h total or mass destruction

10. tumescence _____ i a collection of numerical data, facts

11. hypnophobia _____ j a state beyond reason and self-control;

overwhelming emotion
12. hypnosis _____
k involving all of something
13. statistics _____
l full of commotion and uproar
14. gregarious _____
m a group of people or things gathered together;
15. hologram _____ gathering

16. stationary _____ n fond of company; sociable

17. ecstasy _____ o producing or tending to produce tumors

p willfully obstinate

q condition of being swollen or enlarged

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 28-30

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. suutolumut full of commotion and uproar __________________

2. ccoomnutsuia willfully obstinate __________________

3. sguroeigra fond of company; sociable __________________

4. raynotitas fixed in position __________________

5. payhertonpyh the use of hypnosis in treating illness or

emotional problems __________________

6. sautchloo total or mass destruction __________________

7. panhiyconra numbness experienced upon awakening __________________

8. saysetc a state beyond reason and self-control;

overwhelming emotion __________________

9. scitoilh involving all of something __________________

10. egiromuticn producing or tending to produce tumors __________________

11. yoisttnph a person who uses hypnosis as a form

of treatment __________________

12. marglooh 3-dimensional photographical image __________________

13. sonsipyh a state that resembles sleep but is induced

by suggestion __________________

14. sscitttsia a collection of numerical data, facts __________________

15. aibhopnophy an abnormal fear of falling asleep __________________

16. acegginnoort a group of people or things gathered

together; gathering __________________

17. sentmuccee condition of being swollen or enlarged __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 28-30

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Rita was put in charge of public relations based on her ____________________ nature.
holistic tumultuous gregarious

2. ____________________ has proven to be quite successful in curing certain addictions.

Hypnosis Statistics Narcohypnia

3. That era in history was politically and culturally ____________________.

tumorigenic tumultuous stationary

4. I hoped that going to a ____________________ might cure my insomnia.

hypnotist congregation hologram

5. ____________________ medicine looks at the whole person for answers, not simply the
physical symptoms of the illness. Tumorigenic Contumacious Holistic

6. Spencer’s anxiety over not accomplishing all of his tasks while awake caused him to suffer
from ____________________. tumescence ecstasy hypnophobia

7. We thought the troops would start marching in formation, but instead they remained
completely ____________________. stationary gregarious tumultuous

8. The funeral service was attended by the entire ____________________.

holocaust congregation hologram

9. A beautiful work of art can sometimes be the result of the ____________________ an artist
experiences from viewing beautiful scenery. hypnosis ecstasy statistics

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 28-30

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

10. The process of creating a ____________________ usually involves a special type of laser.
tumescence congregation hologram

11. Because it helps people relax, ____________________ is effective in treating physical and
emotional problems. hypnotherapy hypnophobia ecstasy

12. Many experiments have been conducted to determine which substances are
____________________ and which are not. holistic tumorigenic stationary

13. Most people are in fear of a nuclear ____________________.

hologram tumescence holocaust

14. My ____________________ was accompanied by a pins and needles feeling and a terrible
burning sensation. hypnophobia hypnosis narcohypnia

15. A ____________________ horse might refuse to stay on the trail no matter how much
coaxing and prodding one does. contumacious tumultuous holistic

16. Torrential rains cause the branches of the saguaro cactus to take on the appearance
of ____________________. hologram tumescence congregation

17. ____________________ indicate that the Japanese work longer hours than do people in
most other industrialized nations. Hypnotherapy Statistics Tumescence

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 31

Lesson 31
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
fauna animal life -lite stone
ichthy/ fish -logy study of, science
ichthyo
saur lizard -osis condition

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

ichthyosaur ichthyolite ichthyology

ichthyofauna ichthyosis

1. ________________________ a fossil fish or fragment of a fish

congenital disease in which the skin is fishlike–dry

2. ________________________ and scaly (medical)

3. ________________________ the study of fish

an extinct variety of fishlike marine reptiles of the

4. ________________________ Mesozoic period

5. ________________________
the fish of a particular region

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 31

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Bernice developed an interest in ____________________ when she lived off the Great Barrier
Reef in Australia. ichthyology ichthyosis ichthyolite

2. The ____________________ of the King George Island in Antarctica is highly exploited by

commercial fishermen. ichthyosaur ichthyology ichthyofauna

3. He cracked open the stone to find the withered form of a small ____________________.
ichthyosis ichthyosaur ichthyolite

4. Mike suffered from a chronic form of ____________________ that affects only males.
ichthyofauna ichthyosis ichthyology

5. Fossil remains of the ____________________ have been found on every continent

except Africa. ichthyofauna ichthyosaur ichthyolite

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 31

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• condition • lizard
• fish • animal life
• stone • study of, science
• rough

1. -logy _________________________________________________________

2. saur _________________________________________________________

3. -osis _________________________________________________________

4. ichthy/ichthyo _________________________________________________________

5. -lite _________________________________________________________

6. fauna _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

ichthyosaur ichthyolite ichthyology

ichthyofauna ichthyosis

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 32

Lesson 32
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
ab- away, from lav/ wash, bathe -ate to make, to act; one who,
lu/ that which
de- from, away, luge
down, apart, not -ity state, quality, act
pur/ clean
di- apart, away, not at-ory place where
purg/
ex- out, away, from purge -tion state, quality, act

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

deluge expurgate lavatory purity

purge ablution dilution

1. ________________________ to edit, to censor

2. ________________________ a washing of the body, especially as a religious ceremony

3. ________________________ a room equipped with toilet facilities

4. ________________________ an overwhelming, flood-like rush

5. ________________________
to cleanse or clear

6. ________________________
the quality or state of being clean

7. ________________________
something watered down; less concentrated

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 32

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. He was given ample opportunity to ____________________ himself of all charges.

deluge expurgate purge

2. The faucets on the sink in the ____________________ were of vintage quality.

dilution lavatory deluge

3. Tanya’s grandmother used an old-fashioned ____________________ of vinegar and water to

clean her floors. ablution dilution lavatory

4. The school board would need to ____________________ the film before showing it in the
elementary schools. purity expurgate purge

5. The Pharisees carried the practice of ____________________ to excess, thus claiming

extraordinary cleanliness. purity dilution ablution

6. The ____________________ of spam over the Internet can be a nuisance to people.

dilution purity deluge

7. The absolute ____________________ of the mountain air was a welcomed relief from the
smog of the big city. purity lavatory ablution

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 32

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• clean • sound
• to make, to act; one who, that which • out, away, from
• away, from • place where
• apart, away, not • wash, bathe
• state, quality, act • from, away, down, apart, not

1. lav/lu/luge _________________________________________________________

2. ex- _________________________________________________________

3. -tion _________________________________________________________

4. ab- _________________________________________________________

5. at-ory _________________________________________________________

6. -ity _________________________________________________________

7. di- _________________________________________________________

8. pur/purg/purge _________________________________________________________

9. -ate _________________________________________________________

10. de- _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

deluge expurgate lavatory purity

purge ablution dilution

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

146 © 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 33

Lesson 33
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
anim spirit, life to make, to act, one who,
-ate
that which
loqu speak
fic-ation an action or process
magn/ great, large
magni -ence/ state, quality, act
fic-ence
-ity state, quality, act
-tude state, quality, act

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

magnitude magniloquence magnate

magnificence magnanimity magnification

1. ________________________ a person of high rank, power, influence, etc. in a

specific field

2. ________________________ the process of making something look bigger than it

really is

3. ________________________ greatness of size, volume, or extent

4. ________________________ splendid or grand in size or appearance

excessive use of verbal ornamentation; pompous

5. ________________________
discourse

loftiness of spirit; the quality of being noble and

6. ________________________
generous

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 33

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The coach of the football team showed ____________________ in victory when he praised
the losing team. magniloquence magnificence magnanimity

2. Scientists accurately predicted the ____________________ of the earthquake.

magnitude magnanimity magnate

3. Gina’s father was a famous author and real estate ____________________.

magnification magnate magnitude

4. The intricate details of the leaves were seen clearly under ____________________.
magnanimity magnitude magnification

5. The highlight of our trip to Egypt was seeing the grandeur and ____________________ of
the pyramids. magnification magnificence magniloquence

6. The news anchor was famous for his ____________________ of style.

magniloquence magnitude magnate

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 33

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• speak • state, quality, act

• to make, to act, one who, that which • great, large
• like, related to • state, quality, act
• an action or process • spirit, life

1. -tude _________________________________________________________

2. loqu _________________________________________________________

3. fic-ation _________________________________________________________

4. -ity _________________________________________________________

5. anim _________________________________________________________

6. -ate _________________________________________________________

7. magn/magni _________________________________________________________

8. -ence/fic-ence _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

magnitude magniloquence magnate

magnificence magnanimity magnification

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 31-33

Review
Lessons 31–33

A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.

-ate fic-ation -tion cryst -lite

loqu magn/magni pur/purg/purge -osis ichthy/ichthyo
-ity lav/lu/luge ab- fauna -ence/fic-ence
anim de- at-ory saur
-tude ex- di- -logy

1. ________________________ state, quality, act

2. ________________________ speak
3. ________________________ an action or process
4. ________________________ state, quality, act
5. ________________________ spirit, life
6. _______________________ wash, bathe
7. ________________________ out, away, from
8. ________________________ state, quality, act
9. ________________________ away, from
10. ________________________ place where
11. ________________________ animal life
12. ________________________ apart, away, not
13. ________________________ clean
14. ________________________ from, away, down, apart, not
15. ________________________ to make, to act, one who, that which
16. ________________________ great, large
17. ________________________ state, quality, act
18. ________________________ study of, science
19. ________________________ lizard
20. ________________________ condition
21. ________________________ fish
22. ________________________ stone

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 31-33

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. ichthyology _____ a a fossil fish or fragment of a fish

2. ichthyofauna _____ b congenital disease in which the skin is fishlike–dry

and scaly (medical)
3. ichthyolite _____
c the study of fish
4. magnification _____
d an extinct variety of fishlike marine reptiles of the
5. ichthyosis _____ Mesozoic period

6. lavatory _____ e the fish of a particular region

7. ichthyosaur _____ f a person of high rank, power, influence, etc. in a

specific field
8. dilution _____
g the process of making something look bigger than it
9. deluge _____ really is

10. purity _____ h greatness of size, volume, or extent

11. purge _____ i splendid or grand in size or appearance

12. ablution _____ j excessive use of verbal ornamentation; pompous

discourse
13. expurgate _____
k loftiness of spirit; the quality of being noble and
14. magnate _____ generous

15. magnificence _____ l to edit, to censor

16. magnanimity _____ m a washing of the body, especially as a religious

ceremony
17. magniloquence _____
n a room equipped with toilet facilities
18. magnitude _____
o an overwhelming, flood-like rush

p to cleanse or clear

q the quality or state of being clean

r something watered down; less concentrated

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 31-33

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. hchtltyiieo a fossil fish or fragment of a fish __________________

2. aaiiymmgnnt loftiness of spirit; the quality of being noble

and generous __________________

3. yigcohltohy the study of fish __________________

4. legude an overwhelming, flood-like rush __________________

5. grtpxauee to edit, to censor __________________

6. menccefiigan splendid or grand in size or appearance __________________

7. votyrlaa a room equipped with toilet facilities __________________

8. ruasoyhthci an extinct variety of fishlike marine reptiles

of the Mesozoic period __________________

9. gurpe to cleanse or clear __________________

10. anfctoniaiigm the process of making something look

bigger than it really is __________________

11. ntldouii something watered down; less concentrated __________________

12. hyaanufociht the fish of a particular region __________________

13. emtanga a person of high rank, power, influence, etc.

in a specific field __________________

14. yupitr the quality or state of being clean __________________

15. aeiutdgnm greatness of size, volume, or extent __________________

16. buinalto a washing of the body, especially as a

religious ceremony __________________

17. ecneuqolingam excessive use of verbal ornamentation;

pompous discourse __________________

18. ioyisshhtc congenital disease in which the skin is

fishlike–dry and scaly (medical) __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 31-33

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. New Orleans is famous for the ____________________ of its old oak trees.
magnificence ichthyofauna purity

2. Most cases of ____________________ are treated with topical ointments.

magnification ichthyolite ichthyosis

3. Frequently, it is necessary to ____________________ what children read or watch on

the Internet. narcohypnia purge expurgate

4. He is a rich shipping ____________________ who controls all the shipments out of

the country. magnate magnification magnitude

5. Most major religions have some ritual of ____________________.

dilution ablution magnanimity

6. The ____________________ was found embedded in the rock formation.

ichthyolite ichthyology lavatory

7. The ____________________ of my new binoculars is X10.

magniloquence deluge magnification

8. The ____________________ on airplanes is extremely cramped.

lavatory ichthyofauna magnitude

9. An earthquake’s power is rated by its level of ____________________.

magnificence magnitude purity

10. We were given a ____________________ of books to read and term papers to write over
spring break. deluge magnitude dilution

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 31-33

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

11. The expert in ____________________ gave the scuba divers a lesson on how schools of fish
live, breathe, and migrate. ichthyosis magniloquence ichthyology

12. The ____________________ had a body similar to that of a porpoise.

magnate ichthyosaur ichthyofauna

13. Going on a detox diet is a way to ____________________ the body of harmful toxins.
hypnosis purge expurgate

14. My English teacher has such ____________________ since she tends to use flowery and
ornate words to say the simplest things. magnanimity magniloquence ichthyosis

15. Children, fresh snow, and solid gold are all known for their ____________________.
magnitude ablution purity

16. The ____________________ of the grape juice made it less sweet to the taste.
dilution ablution magnification

17. The most diverse ____________________ is in the equatorial waters of the western
Pacific Ocean. ichthyolite ichthyofauna magnificence

18. My cousin showed great ____________________in not getting angry with me when I drove
his car into a light pole. magniloquence magnitude magnanimity

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 34

Lesson 34
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
inter- between, ev age, time like, related to; an action
-al
among or process
medi half, halfway between,
middle -an like, related to
terr land; Earth -anean having the quality of
-ary that which; someone or
something that belongs to;
of, related to; one who
-ate to make, to act; one who,
that which
-ation an action or process

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

intermediary mediation medieval

median mediterranean intermediate

1. ________________________ the process of resolving differences

2. ________________________ a negotiator who acts as a link between parties

3. ________________________ related to or situated in the middle

4. ________________________ enclosed or nearly enclosed with land

being or happening between two other related things,

5. ________________________
levels, or points

6. ________________________
relating or belonging to the Middle Ages

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 34

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. He acted as a/an ____________________ between the school district and teachers.

median mediation intermediary

2. In ____________________ times, common herbs had great medicinal value.

medieval intermediate mediterranean

3. When last minute attempts at ____________________ failed, the workers went on strike.
intermediate intermediary mediation

4. Jonathan was studying German and Russian at the ____________________ level.

median intermediate medieval

5. We visited a quaint, ____________________ village in Spain.

mediterranean median intermediate

6. Their family’s annual income fell in the ____________________ range.

medieval intermediate median

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 34

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• land; Earth • between, among

• like, related to • half, halfway between, middle
• age, time • like, related to; an action or process
• having the quality of • that which; someone or something that
• an action or process belongs to; of, related to; one who
• back, again • to make, to act; one who, that which

1. -ate _________________________________________________________

2. medi _________________________________________________________

3. ev _________________________________________________________

4. -al _________________________________________________________

5. -ation _________________________________________________________

6. inter- _________________________________________________________

7. -an _________________________________________________________

8. terr _________________________________________________________

9. -ary _________________________________________________________

10. -anean _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

intermediary mediation medieval

median mediterranean intermediate

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 35

Lesson 35
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
a- away, from; not, crypto hidden -ia condition
without
melan black, dark on-ic like, related to
mnem/ remember, memory -in thing which, like, related to
mnes
-oma growth, tumor
t-y state of, quality, act; body,
group

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

mnemonic melanoma amnesty

cryptomnesia amnesia melanin

a type of skin cancer that appears as a dark mark

1. ________________________ or growth on the skin, eye, and other tissues

2. ________________________ loss of the ability to remember

a short rhyme, phrase, etc. for making information

3. ________________________ easier to remember

a condition whereby experiences are believed to

be original, but are actually based on memories of
4. ________________________ forgotten events

5. ________________________
pardon; literally “forgetting a crime”

a brownish-black pigment found in skin, hair, and

6. ________________________
other tissues

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 35

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. ____________________ is sometimes used as an explanation for paranormal events such as

xenoglossy or past-life experiences. Cryptomnesia Amnesia Amnesty

2. Freckles and moles form where there is a greater concentration of ____________________ in

the skin. melanoma mnemonic melanin

3. Experts claim that ____________________ may be caused by excessive exposure to the sun.
melanin melanoma amnesia

4. The students learned to spell “arithmetic” by using the ____________________, “a rat in the
house may eat the ice cream.” cryptomnesia mnemonic melanin

5. Following her automobile accident, Alicia suffered from the effects of post-traumatic
____________________. melanoma amnesty amnesia

6. The president granted general ____________________ to all political prisoners.

amnesia amnesty melanin

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 35

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• hidden • remember, memory

• condition • thing which, like, related to
• growth, tumor • away, from; not, without
• like, related to • state of, quality, act; body, group
• cold • black, dark

1. mnem/mnes _________________________________________________________

2. -oma _________________________________________________________

3. a- _________________________________________________________

4. crypto _________________________________________________________

5. -ia _________________________________________________________

6. -in _________________________________________________________

7. t-y _________________________________________________________

8. on-ic _________________________________________________________

9. melan _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

mnemonic melanoma amnesty

cryptomnesia amnesia melanin

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

160 © 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 36

Lesson 36
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
e- out, away, from moll/ soft ific-ation an action or process
mollusk
usca-cide kill
i-ent one who, that which; like,
related to
-escence growing

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

mollusk mollescence mollification

molluscacide emollient

1. ________________________ a softening

an invertebrate animal having a soft unsegmented body

2. ________________________ usually enclosed in a shell

3. ________________________ something that has a softening or soothing effect

4. ________________________ a chemical pesticide used to kill mollusks

5. ________________________
appeasement

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 36

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. A/An ____________________ was used to keep the snail population under control.
molluscacide mollification emollient

2. The boss realized that ____________________ of his staff would occur once they received
a raise. mollescence molluscacide mollification

3. The chemical added to the rubber compound to give it more pliability caused the product to
have ____________________. mollification mollescence mollusk

4. The cuttlefish is a/an ____________________, as is the clam and the oyster.

mollusk molluscacide emollient

5. The herbal ____________________ provided much relief to her sunburned skin.

mollusk molluscacide emollient

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 36

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• an action or process • kill

• growing • soft
• motion • one who, that which; like, related to
• out, away, from

1. usca-cide _________________________________________________________

2. e- _________________________________________________________

3. -escence _________________________________________________________

4. moll/mollusk _________________________________________________________

5. ific-ation _________________________________________________________

6. i-ent _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

mollusk mollescence mollification

molluscacide emollient

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 34-36

Review
Lessons 34–36

A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.

ific-ation ev -ation -anean i-ent mnem/mnes -ia

medi -escence usca-cide terr melan a- -in
moll/mollusk -al inter- -ary on-ic -oma
-ate e- -an foli t-y crypto

1. ________________________ to make, to act; one who, that which

2. ________________________ half, halfway between, middle
3. ________________________ age, time
4. ________________________ like, related to; an action or process
5. ________________________ an action or process
6. ________________________ between, among
7. ________________________ like, related to
8. ________________________ land; Earth
that which; someone or something that belongs to;
9. ________________________ of, related to; one who
10. ________________________ having the quality of
11. ________________________ kill
12. ________________________ out, away, from
13. ________________________ growing
14. ________________________ soft
15. ________________________ an action or process
16. ________________________ one who, that which; like, related to
17. ________________________ remember, memory
18. ________________________ growth, tumor
19. ________________________ away, from; not, without
20. ________________________ hidden
21. ________________________ condition
22. ________________________ thing which, like, related to
23. ________________________ state of, quality, act; body, group
24. ________________________ like, related to
25. ________________________ black, dark

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 34-36

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. amnesia _____ a a softening

2. mnemonic _____ b an invertebrate animal having a soft unsegmented

body usually enclosed in a shell
3. emollient _____
c something that has a softening or soothing effect
4. median _____
d a chemical pesticide used to kill mollusks
5. medieval _____
e appeasement
6. intermediate _____
f a type of skin cancer that appears as a dark mark or
7. mollescence _____ growth on the skin, eye, and other tissues

8. mollusk _____ g loss of the ability to remember

9. cryptomnesia _____ h a short rhyme, phrase, etc. for making information

easier to remember
10. amnesty _____
i the process of resolving differences
11. molluscacide _____
j a negotiator who acts as a link between parties
12. melanin _____
k related to or situated in the middle
13. melanoma _____
l enclosed or nearly enclosed with land
14. mollification _____
m being or happening between two other related
15. mediation _____ things, levels, or points

16. intermediary _____ n relating or belonging to the Middle Ages

17. mediterranean _____ o a condition whereby experiences are believed to

be original, but are actually based on memories of
forgotten events

p pardon; literally “forgetting a crime”

q a brownish-black pigment found in skin, hair, and

other tissues

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 34-36

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. lmdviaee relating or belonging to the Middle Ages __________________

2. yareidremnit a negotiator who acts as a link

between parties __________________

3. aisenmpotryc a condition whereby experiences are

believed to be original, but are actually
based on memories of forgotten events __________________

4. nnrrmtdaaeiee enclosed or nearly enclosed with land __________________

5. emconlelsec a softening
__________________

6. aasinme loss of the ability to remember __________________

7. neetiomll something that has a softening or

soothing effect __________________

8. ealinnm a brownish-black pigment found in

skin, hair, and other tissues __________________

9. aiiiootfnclml appeasement __________________

10. ammonale a type of skin cancer that appears as a

dark mark or growth on the skin, eye, and
other tissues __________________

11. uolmksl an invertebrate animal having a soft

unsegmented body usually enclosed in a shell __________________

12. ennmmioc a short rhyme, phrase, etc. for making

information easier to remember __________________

13. nmaeid related to or situated in the middle __________________

14. ntsmyea pardon; literally “forgetting a crime” __________________

15. edicacslumol a chemical pesticide used to kill mollusks __________________

16. dmtrtnieeiea being or happening between two

other related things, levels, or points __________________

17. dnmtaoiie the process of resolving differences __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 34-36

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Albinism is a condition which occurs when insufficient amounts of ____________________

are produced. emollient melanin melanoma

2. The citizens complained that the laws were changed for the ____________________
of critics. mollification mediation amnesty

3. The United States often tries to provide ____________________ between countries that are
at odds, like India and Pakistan. mollescence mnemonic mediation

4. A ____________________ is used in the form of granules, sprays, and powders.

molluscacide mollusk melanin

5. ____________________ is much more dangerous in the advances stages.

Mollescence Melanoma Cryptomnesia

6. Mom had to be the ____________________ between my two bickering brothers.

median mollification intermediary

7. The moisturizing cream I’m using enables my skin to maintain its ____________________.
mollescence amnesia molluscacide

8. In the set of numbers, 2, 3, 5, 10, and 25, the ____________________ is 5.

mnemonic median mediation

9. We found an exquisite ____________________ painting in an antique shop.

medieval intermediate median

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 34-36

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

10. The causes of ____________________ can be a brain injury, a disease, and drug or
alcohol abuse. melanoma melanin amnesia

11. My pet snail, Benny, happens to be a/an ____________________ with a hard shell.
emollient mollusk molluscacide

12. The ____________________, “ i before e, except after c,” can help you remember how to
spell words like “ piece “ and “ receive.” mnemonic emollient cryptomnesia

13. When my hands become dry and cracked in the winter, I use a/an ____________________
every day. molluscacide mnemonic emollient

14. Rather than live on an island, the natives preferred a/an ____________________ setting.
mediterranean medieval intermediate

15. A type of ____________________ can result in plagiarism when the ideas of others are
remembered as ones own. amnesia cryptomnesia mollescence

16. The ____________________ swimmer mastered the basic strokes but wasn’t quite ready
for the racing team. intermediate medieval mediterranean

17. The town offered ____________________ for a short time to anyone who had illegal items
to turn them in. mollification mediation amnesty

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 37

Lesson 37
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
syn- with, together leps take, seize t-ic like, related to
mania intense craving -is thing which
narc/ numbness, stupor -osis condition
narco*
-y state of, quality, act; body,
thes to place, to put group

*For more information on connecting vowels and combining forms, please see page vi in the Introduction.

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

narcolepsy narcosis narcotic

narcosynthesis narcomania

a state of stupor or greatly reduced activity produced

1. ________________________ by a drug or other element

2. ________________________ abnormal craving for a drug to deaden pain

3. ________________________ a drug used to relieve pain and induce sleep

a sleep disorder characterized by sudden and

4. ________________________ uncontrollable episodes of deep sleep

treatment of neurosis, requiring a patient to be under

5. ________________________
the influence of a hypnotic drug

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 37

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Following surgery, the doctor prescribed a ____________________ for the patient.

narcosis narcolepsy narcotic

2. It is the sleep therapist’s belief that ____________________ is attributable to an inability to

suppress R.E.M. sleep during waking. narcomania narcolepsy narcosis

3. The deep sea diver experienced nitrogen ____________________ which left him feeling
euphoric and disoriented. narcosis narcolepsy narcosynthesis

4. ____________________ was originally used in acute combat distress cases during

World War II. Narcosynthesis Narcomania Narcolepsy

5. George’s ____________________ continued long after his physical discomfort disappeared.

narcosis narcotic narcomania

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 37

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• condition • like, related to

• take, seize • intense craving
• thing which • numbness, stupor
• with, together • to place, to put
• beyond, change • state of, quality, act; body, group

1. thes _________________________________________________________

2. -y _________________________________________________________

3. leps _________________________________________________________

4. t-ic _________________________________________________________

5. -osis _________________________________________________________

6. mania _________________________________________________________

7. -is _________________________________________________________

8. syn- _________________________________________________________

9. narc/narco _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

narcolepsy narcosis narcotic

narcosynthesis narcomania

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 38

Lesson 38
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
dont teeth -ic like, related to
dox opinion, praise t-ics science, related to,
system
ortho straight, right
-ist one who
graph write, written
-y state of, quality, act; body,
ped child group
scop look at, view, examine

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

orthography orthotics orthopedist

orthodox orthodontics orthoscopic

the branch of dentistry concerned with the prevention or

1. ________________________ correction of irregularities of the teeth

a specialist in correcting deformities of the skeletal system

2. ________________________ (especially in children)

3. ________________________ adhering to what is commonly accepted

the science that deals with the developing and fitting of

4. ________________________ medical devices

5. ________________________
related to seeing an image in correct and normal proportion

6. ________________________
spelling in accord with accepted usage

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 38

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Chris’s mother took him to an ____________________ to correct his spinal curvature.

orthotics orthodontics orthopedist

2. The author studied ____________________ before writing a dictionary.

orthography orthodontics orthotics

3. Usually ____________________ can straighten crooked teeth.

orthopedist orthotics orthodontics

4. Pete had ____________________ surgery to correct his poor vision.

orthotics orthoscopic orthodox

5. ____________________ enabled the injured soldiers to walk again.

Orthography Orthotics Orthodontics

6. The students needed to take an ____________________ point of view during their research.
orthography orthoscopic orthodox

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 38

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• write, written • science, related to, • child

• like, related to system • look at, view, examine
• teeth • state of, quality, act; • straight, right
• herd, flock body, group
• opinion, praise • one who

1. ped _________________________________________________________

2. dont _________________________________________________________

3. -y _________________________________________________________

4. dox _________________________________________________________

5. -ic _________________________________________________________

6. scop _________________________________________________________

7. ortho _________________________________________________________

8. t-ics _________________________________________________________

9. graph _________________________________________________________

10. -ist _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

orthography orthotics orthopedist

orthodox orthodontics orthoscopic

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

174 © 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 39

Lesson 39
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
anti- against, gen cause, birth, race, id-ant one who, that which,
opposite produce state, quality
di- two mor stupid -ation an action or process
par- beside, ox/ sharp, acid, acute -ide thing belonging to
variation oxy/ -on quality, state
per- through, very oxysm

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

paroxysm peroxide oxymoron

antioxidant dioxide oxygenation

1. ________________________ an oxide containing two atoms of oxygen in the molecule

2. ________________________ a sudden and uncontrollable expression of emotion

3. ________________________ substance that counteracts oxidation

4. ________________________ an oxide containing a relatively high proportion of oxygen

5. ________________________
a combination of contradictory or incongruous words

6. ________________________
the process of providing oxygen

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 39

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Hydrogen ____________________ is a commonly used antiseptic.

paroxysm peroxide oxygenation

2. In describing his brother Benjamin, Mathew used the ____________________,

“learned blockhead.” oxymoron antioxidant paroxysm

3. The clown’s antics produced a ____________________ of laughter among the children.

dioxide peroxide paroxysm

4. Commercially produced carbon ____________________ is used extensively in home and

commercial fire extinguishers. dioxide oxygenation antioxidant

5. Laughter is cathartic in that it relieves tension and increases tissue ____________________.

paroxysm oxygenation oxymoron

6. Certain compounds derived from vitamin E are used as a/an ____________________ to help
guard against food spoilage. dioxide peroxide antioxidant

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 39

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• two • one who, that which, state, quality

• cause, birth, race, produce • feeling, perception, sensation
• an action or process • thing belonging to
• stupid • quality, state
• against, opposite • through, very
• sharp, acid, acute • beside, variation

1. -ide _________________________________________________________

2. per- _________________________________________________________

3. ox/oxy/oxysm _________________________________________________________

4. di- _________________________________________________________

5. -on _________________________________________________________

6. mor _________________________________________________________

7. anti- _________________________________________________________

8. gen _________________________________________________________

9. par- _________________________________________________________

10. id-ant _________________________________________________________

11. -ation _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

paroxysm peroxide oxymoron

antioxidant dioxide oxygenation

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 37-39

Review
Lessons 37–39

A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.

scop -y -on anti- syn- -is -ist t-ics

per- dont ped gen narc/narco thes graph
-ide di- mor par- -osis leps ortho
dox -acious -ation id-ant mania -ic/t-ic ox/oxy/oxysm

1. ________________________ thing belonging to

2. ________________________ through, very
3. ________________________ sharp, acid, acute
4. ________________________ two
5. ________________________ quality, state
6. _______________________ stupid
7. ________________________ against, opposite
8. ________________________ cause, birth, race, produce
9. ________________________ beside, variation
10. ________________________ one who, that which, state, quality
11. ________________________ an action or process
12. ________________________ child
13. ________________________ teeth
14. ________________________ state of, quality, act; body, group
15. ________________________ opinion, praise
16. ________________________ look at, view, examine
17. ________________________ straight, right
18. ________________________ science, related to, system
19. ________________________ write, written
20. ________________________ one who
21. ________________________ to place, to put
22. ________________________ take, seize
23. ________________________ like, related to
24. ________________________ condition
25. ________________________ intense craving
26. ________________________ thing which
27. ________________________ with, together
28. ________________________ numbness, stupor

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 37-39

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. oxymoron _____ a a state of stupor or greatly reduced activity

produced by a drug or other element
2. orthodox _____
b abnormal craving for a drug to deaden pain
3. narcosynthesis _____
c an oxide containing two atoms of oxygen in
4. narcolepsy _____ the molecule

5. orthotics _____ d a sudden and uncontrollable expression of emotion

6. oxygenation _____ e substance that counteracts oxidation

7. narcosis _____ f an oxide containing a relatively high proportion

of oxygen
8. peroxide _____
g a combination of contradictory or incongruous words
9. orthodontics _____
h the process of providing oxygen
10. paroxysm _____
i a drug used to relieve pain and induce sleep
11. dioxide _____
j a sleep disorder characterized by sudden and
12. narcotic _____ uncontrollable episodes of deep sleep

13. orthography _____ k a treatment of neurosis, requiring a patient to be

under the influence of a hypnotic drug
14. narcomania _____
l the branch of dentistry concerned with the
15. antioxidant _____ prevention or correction of irregularities of the teeth

16. orthoscopic _____ m a specialist in correcting deformities of the skeletal

system (especially in children)
17. orthopedist _____
n adhering to what is commonly accepted

o the science that deals with the developing and fitting

of medical devices

p related to seeing an image in correct and normal

proportion

q spelling in accord with accepted usage

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 37-39

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. iieddxo an oxide containing two atoms of oxygen

in the molecule __________________

2. notaineoxgy the process of providing oxygen __________________

3. sitcoroth the science that deals with the developing

and fitting of medical devices __________________

4. pagyrhhtoor spelling in accord with accepted usage __________________

5. iooorntthdsc the branch of dentistry concerned with the

prevention or correction of irregularities
of the teeth __________________

6. tccrnaoi a drug used to relieve pain and induce sleep __________________

7. tsidephotro a specialist in correcting deformities of the

skeletal system (especially in children) __________________

8. hntsoycrnassie a treatment of neurosis, requiring a patient

to be under the influence of a hypnotic drug __________________

9. depioxre an oxide containing a relatively high

proportion of oxygen __________________

10. ainamocran abnormal craving for a drug to deaden pain __________________

11. seornyplca
a sleep disorder characterized by sudden
and uncontrollable episodes of deep sleep __________________

12. dhooortx adhering to what is commonly accepted __________________

13. tantandxoii substance that counteracts oxidation __________________

14. ocritphoocs
related to seeing an image in correct and
normal proportion __________________

15. isncoras a state of stupor or greatly reduced activity
produced by a drug or other element __________________

16. rmnyxooo a combination of contradictory or

incongruous words __________________

17. paymorsx a sudden and uncontrollable expression

of emotion __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 37-39

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Maria’s ____________________ caused her to have a car accident.

paroxysm orthotics narcolepsy

2. The mineral selenium is a powerful ____________________.

antioxidant narcosis dioxide

3. A/An ____________________, such as cruel kindness, is often used for dramatic effect.
narcotic oxymoron paroxysm

4. Text-messaging lingo is becoming a modern system of ____________________.

orthography narcomania oxygenation

5. Basal ____________________ could cause a person to be unconscious or in a state

of amnesia. peroxide orthotics narcosis

6. As a result of ____________________, Sally needed to wear braces on her teeth.

narcolepsy orthodontics oxygenation

7. Silicon ____________________ is one of the most common oxides on Earth’s surface.

paroxysm narcosynthesis dioxide

8. The use of pain medication has become so prevalent in the United States that
____________________ is becoming more widespread.
narcomania orthotics oxymoron

9. The ____________________ recommended a knee replacement for David’s son.

orthodontics antioxidant orthopedist

10. In a sudden ____________________ of anger she threw her engagement ring at her fiancée!
narcosis paroxysm oxymoron

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 37-39

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

11. When I had my wisdom teeth removed, I was given a ____________________ for pain.
narcotic antioxidant dioxide

12. Jimmy has an ____________________ view of the world.

oxymoron orthoscopic orthodox

13. Sonya uses ____________________ to dye her brown hair blonde.

oxygenation orthography peroxide

14. Our family dog had to be fitted with ____________________ after he fractured his leg.
orthodontics orthotics dioxide

15. Insufficient ____________________ to the brain can cause poor brain function and even
contribute to vascular dementia. oxygenation narcosynthesis antioxidant

16. Following ____________________, he was able to let go of repressed memories and past
emotional traumas. narcolepsy oxygenation narcosynthesis

17. The ____________________ eyepiece enabled the patient with macular degeneration to see
objects in his periphery without any distortion.
paroxysm orthodox orthoscopic

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 40

Lesson 40
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
ex- out, away, from arch first, chief, rule n-al like, related to; an action
or process
re- back, again pater/ father
patri -ate to make, to act, one who,
that which
-ation an action or process
-cide kill
n-ity state, quality, act
-mony state, quality, that which

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

paternal patriarchal repatriation paternity

expatriate patricide patrimony

1. ________________________ relating to or characteristic of a culture ruled by men

2. ________________________ related on the father’s side

3. ________________________ someone who no longer lives in his or her own country

4. ________________________ the killing of a father by his own child

5. ________________________
the fact or state of being a father; fatherhood

6. ________________________
the act of returning to one’s country of origin

7. ________________________
an estate inherited from one’s father or ancestor

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 40

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The courts determined his rights of ____________________ through his DNA.

patricide paternity repatriation

2. Lester was a/an ____________________ who emigrated to America during World War II.
expatriate patrimony paternity

3. According to The Book of Assassins by George Fetherling, Julius Ceasar’s assassination may
have been ____________________. patrimony repatriation patricide

4. Marcella’s ____________________ grandparents are of Italian descent.

patrimony patriarchal paternal

5. The ____________________ of its refugees was crucial to the rebuilding of the nation.
repatriation patrimony paternity

6. The ____________________ of the royal family was divided equally among the king’s
three sons. paternity patrimony repatriation

7. Many feminist writers believe that ____________________ principles have been the basis
upon which most modern societies have been formed.
expatriate paternal patriarchal

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 40

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• like, related to; an action or process • an action or process

• father • first, chief, rule
• back, again • out, away, from
• kill • state, quality, act
• look at, view, examine • state, quality, that which
• to make, to act, one who, that which

1. -cide _________________________________________________________

2. ex- _________________________________________________________

3. -ate _________________________________________________________

4. pater/patri _________________________________________________________

5. -mony _________________________________________________________

6. -ation _________________________________________________________

7. re- _________________________________________________________

8. n-al _________________________________________________________

9. arch _________________________________________________________

10. n-ity _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

paternal patriarchal repatriation paternity

expatriate patricide patrimony

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

© 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849 185

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 41

Lesson 41
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
ap- to, toward, pend/ hang, weigh -age state, quality, act
against pens
-ant one who, that which;
im- in, into; not state, quality
sus- up -ing related to
-ion an action or process;
state, quality, act
-ive tending to or performing
-ulous having the quality of

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

pendulous pendant suspension

pensive impending appendage

1. ________________________ thoughtfully weighing an issue or problem

2. ________________________ an interruption; literally, “to be left hanging”

3. ________________________ an ornamental, hanging object

4. ________________________ that is about to occur; imminent

5. ________________________
hanging loosely or swinging freely

6. ________________________
a projecting body part; a secondary attachment

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 41

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The house was closed up tightly in preparation for a/an ____________________ blizzard.
pendulous impending pensive

2. As Charlotte read the letter, the expression on her face indicated a/an
____________________ mood. pensive impending pendulous

3. Their grandfather was a corpulent old man with flabby, ____________________ jowls.
pensive pendulous impending

4. Marc’s left leg was his only ____________________ injured in the accident.
pendant suspension appendage

5. Her parents gave her a jeweled ____________________ as a graduation gift.

pendant appendage suspension

6. Because she bullied another student, Jen received a 3-day ____________________

from school. appendage suspension pendant

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 41

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• state, quality, act • an action or process; state, quality, act

• up • talk, babble
• one who, that which; state, quality • tending to or performing
• hang, weigh • in, into; not
• related to • having the quality of
• to, toward, against

1. -ive _________________________________________________________

2. im- _________________________________________________________

3. -age _________________________________________________________

4. pend/pens _________________________________________________________

5. ap- _________________________________________________________

6. -ion _________________________________________________________

7. -ing _________________________________________________________

8. sus- _________________________________________________________

9. -ant _________________________________________________________

10. -ulous _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

pendulous pendant suspension

pensive impending appendage

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

188 © 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 42

Lesson 42
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
glyph carve l-eum that which
graph write, written li-ferous producing
petr/ rock -ic like, related to
petro
-logy study of, science

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

petroleum petroglyph petrology

petroliferous petrographic

crude oil that occurs naturally in sedimentary rocks and

1. ________________________ consists mainly of hydrocarbons

2. ________________________ ancient carving or inscription on rock

3. ________________________ the study of the origin, formation, and composition of rocks

related to the systematic description and classification of

4. ________________________ rocks using microscopic examination

5. ________________________
containing or yielding petroleum

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 42

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The scientists studied the cultural and religious significance of the ____________________
they had copied from the cave. petroglyph petrology petroleum

2. The many lunar rocks returned by Apollo astronauts were studied intently with
____________________ techniques. petrology petroliferous petrographic

3. The strategy of oil and gas exploration is to focus on undeveloped but potentially
____________________ basins throughout the world.
petrographic petroglyph petroliferous

4. A wide variety of commercially important petrochemicals like gasoline and kerosene are
derived from ____________________. petroglyph petroleum petrology

5. Fields of specialization in ____________________ correspond to the three major rock types:

igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. petroleum petroglyph petrology

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 42

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• that which • producing

• rock • carve
• like, related to • study of, science
• action, process • write, written

1. li-ferous _________________________________________________________

2. glyph _________________________________________________________

3. l-eum _________________________________________________________

4. petr/petro _________________________________________________________

5. -ic _________________________________________________________

6. graph _________________________________________________________

7. -logy _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

petroleum petroglyph petrology

petroliferous petrographic

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 40-42

Review
Lessons 40–42

A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.
-ic re- pater/patri graph -ant -ive
n-ity -ation -ate -cide pend/pens -age
arch glyph ex- -logy -ing im-
li-ferous l-eum i-ferous -ulous ap-
n-al -mony petr/petro sus- -ion

1. ________________________ producing
2. ________________________ carve
3. ________________________ that which
4. ________________________ rock
5. ________________________ like, related to
6. _______________________ write, written
7. ________________________ study of, science
8. ________________________ kill
9. ________________________ out, away, from
10. ________________________ to make, to act, one who, that which
11. ________________________ father
12. ________________________ state, quality, that which
13. ________________________ an action or process
14. ________________________ back, again
15. ________________________ like, related to; an action or process
16. ________________________ first, chief, rule
17. ________________________ state, quality, act
18. ________________________ tending to or performing
19. ________________________ in, into; not
20. ________________________ state, quality, act
21. ________________________ hang, weigh
22. ________________________ to, toward, against
23. ________________________ an action or process; state, quality, act
24. ________________________ related to
25. ________________________ up
26. ________________________ one who, that which; state, quality
27. ________________________ having the quality of

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 40-42

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. petrology _____ a relating to or characteristic of a culture ruled by men

2. petroleum _____ b related on the father’s side

3. pendant _____ c someone who no longer lives in his or her

own country
4. repatriation _____
d the killing of a father by his own child
5. patrimony _____
e the fact or state of being a father; fatherhood
6. patricide _____
f the act of returning to one’s country of origin
7. paternity _____
g an estate inherited from one’s father or ancestor
8. paternal _____
h crude oil that occurs naturally in sedimentary rocks
9. pensive _____ and consists mainly of hydrocarbons

10. patriarchal _____ i ancient carving or inscription on rock

11. pendulous _____ j the study of the origin, formation, and composition
of rocks
12. appendage _____
k related to the systematic description and
13. petroglyph _____ classification of rocks using microscopic
examination
14. impending _____
l containing or yielding petroleum
15. expatriate _____
m thoughtfully weighing an issue or problem
16. suspension _____
n an interruption; literally, “to be left hanging”
17. petrographic _____
o an ornamental, hanging object
18. petroliferous _____
p that is about to occur; imminent

q hanging loosely or swinging freely

r a projecting body part; a secondary attachment

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 40-42

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. ahctaplarri relating to or characteristic of a culture

ruled by men __________________

2. nnpsssuoie an interruption; literally, “to be left hanging” __________________

3. teexpaarit someone who no longer lives in his or

her own country __________________

4. sepvein thoughtfully weighing an issue or problem __________________

5. naptrlea related on the father’s side __________________

6. tnepand an ornamental, hanging object __________________

7. tpnrtyaei the fact or state of being a father; fatherhood __________________

8. luusdoenp hanging loosely or swinging freely __________________

9. heppylgrot ancient carving or inscription on rock __________________

10. catrpedii the killing of a father by his own child __________________

11. gnidenmpi that is about to occur; imminent __________________

12. noeritatapir the act of returning to one’s country of origin __________________

13. cihpgarropte related to the systematic description and
classification of rocks using microscopic
examination __________________

14. ltormeuep crude oil that occurs naturally in sedimentary

rocks and consists mainly of hydrocarbons __________________

15. gdnppeaea a projecting body part; a secondary attachment __________________

16. troygolep the study of the origin, formation, and

composition of rocks __________________

17. ypnaotmri an estate inherited from one’s father
or ancestor
__________________

18. spueorortlife containing or yielding petroleum __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 40-42

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The widespread use of products made from ____________________ has created serious
environmental problems. petrology suspension petroleum

2. My right thumb was the only ____________________ that got really cold while I was skiing.
appendage pendant petroglyph

3. Prior to women earning the right to vote, the United States was quite ____________________.
pendulous patriarchal pensive

4. When we heard the loud thunder we went inside to avoid the ____________________ storm.
impending petrographic pensive

5. ____________________ affection has always been important in their family.

Patriarchal Paternal Impending

6. A common theme in a desert southwest ____________________ is a caravan of

bighorn sheep. patrimony pendant petroglyph

7. ____________________ is used in locating the source of the clay from which the ceramic
pots were made. Petrology Petroleum Suspension

8. During the 1920s, Author F. Scott Fitzgerald became a/an ____________________ when he
decided to live in Paris. petroglyph expatriate repatriation

9. One could hide easily in a tropical rainforest because of all the thick and
____________________ foliage. petroliferous impending pendulous

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 40-42

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

10. ____________________ information from the igneous rocks indicated that the rocks were
formed from the solidification and crystallization of magma.
Petrographic Patriarchal Petroliferous

11. Jeff is usually so cheery and carefree, but today he seems very ____________________.
paternal pensive pendulous

12. The crime of ____________________ is nothing less than heinous.

patricide repatriation patrimony

13. I’m in a state of ____________________ waiting to find out if I won the pie making contest.
appendage petrology suspension

14. ____________________ carries a great deal of responsibility in raising children appropriately.

Paternity Patricide Repatriation

15. Bulgarian exports to Romania consist mainly of petroleum and ____________________

shale oils. petrographic petroliferous pendulous

16. The Red Cross is overseeing ____________________ of the prisoners of war.

patrimony suspension repatriation

17. The necklace was a gold heart ____________________ on a delicate chain.

pendant petroglyph appendage

18. The house we have always lived in is my great grandfather’s ____________________.

petrology patrimony paternity

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 43

Lesson 43
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
anthropo man, mankind -ous having the quality of
eso to bear, to carry -us thing which
ichthyo fish -y state, quality, act; body,
phag/ eat group
phago
phyllo leaf
sarco flesh
tomy cut
xero* dry

*For more information on connecting vowels and combining forms, please see page vi in the Introduction.

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

esophagotomy ichthyophagous esophagus anthropophagous

xerophagy sarcophagus phyllophagous

1. ________________________ incision through the wall of the esophagus (medical)

2. ________________________ fish-eating

3. ________________________ eating of dry food

an ornamental stone coffin used to decompose the flesh

4. ________________________ of the corpse within

5. ________________________
feeding on human flesh; cannibalistic

the part of the digestive tract that connects the throat to

6. ________________________
the stomach (medical)

7. ________________________
feeding on leaves; leaf-eating

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 43

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The class was fascinated by the story of Christopher Columbus’s encounter with the Caribs, a
presumedly ____________________ culture.
sarcophagus anthropophagous esophagus

2. The ____________________ stick insects camouflage themselves, making it difficult for

predators to spot them. xerophagy esophagotomy phyllophagous

3. Among the great archaeological finds was an alabaster ____________________ of an

Egyptian pharaoh. esophagus sarcophagus xerophagy

4. The boy’s life was saved by an emergency ____________________ to remove the

serious obstruction. esophagotomy xerophagy esophagus

5. Greenland Eskimos attribute their lower rate of cardiovascular disease to a highly

____________________ diet. ichthyophagous anthropophagous phyllophagous

6. ____________________ in the week preceding Easter constitutes the strictest fast in the
Eastern Orthodox Church. Sarcophagus Esophagus Xerophagy

7. When a person swallows, the muscular walls of the ____________________ contract to push
food down into the stomach. esophagus sarcophagus esophagotomy

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 43

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• leaf • cut • state of, quality, act;

• dry • having the quality of body, group
• thing which • eat • to bear, to carry
• state, quality, act • fish
• man, mankind • flesh

1. sarco _________________________________________________________

2. eso _________________________________________________________

3. -us _________________________________________________________

4. anthropo _________________________________________________________

5. xero _________________________________________________________

6. ichthyo _________________________________________________________

7. -ous _________________________________________________________

8. phag/phago _________________________________________________________

9. tomy _________________________________________________________

10. -y _________________________________________________________

11. phyllo _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

esophagotomy ichthyophagous esophagus anthropophagous

xerophagy sarcophagus phyllophagous

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 44

Lesson 44
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
meta- beyond, change phys nature, growth ic-al like, related to, an action
or process
ic-ian one who
-ics science, related to,
system
ic-ist one who
i-ology study of, science

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

physical physiology physician physics

metaphysical physicist metaphysics

the branch of the biological sciences that deals with the

1. ________________________ functioning of organisms

2. ________________________ a scientist whose specialty is physics

3. ________________________ a branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of reality

4. ________________________ a person skilled in the art of healing

5. ________________________
related to matter and energy and their interactions

6. ________________________
related to abstract reasoning; supernatural, immaterial

7. ________________________
of, or relating to the body

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 44

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. His goal as a ____________________ is to help people achieve good health.

physics physicist physician

2. Dennis believes his ____________________ strength is due to regular exercise and a

healthy diet. metaphysical metaphysics physical

3. Modern scientific disciplines include many areas such as quantum mechanics, relativity, and
nuclear ____________________. metaphysics physics physiology

4. Since the discovery of the cell structure of tissues, ____________________ has undergone
rapid development. physiology physics metaphysics

5. ____________________ often poses questions regarding the existence and nature of

the universe. Physiology Physics Metaphysics

6. The learned and accomplished ____________________ lectured on thermodynamics and

electromagnetism. physician physicist physics

7. The philosophy professor asked the class the ____________________ question,

”What is death?” physics metaphysical physical

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 44

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• one who • like, related to; an action or process

• study of, science • beyond, change
• nature, growth • science, related to, system
• against, opposite

1. ic-al _________________________________________________________

2. -ics _________________________________________________________

3. meta- _________________________________________________________

4. ic-ian _________________________________________________________

5. i-ology _________________________________________________________

6. phys _________________________________________________________

7. ic-ist _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

physical physiology physician physics

metaphysical physicist metaphysics

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 45

Lesson 45
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
chrome color -ic like, related to
cryo* cold -logy study of, science
gen cause, birth, race, -ous having the quality of
produce
-y state of, quality, act; body,
morph form group
patho feeling, disease
phag eat
phyte/ plant
phyto
therap treatment

*For more information on connecting vowels and combining forms, please see page vi in the Introduction.

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

phytology phytophagous phytomorphic phytotherapy

phytochrome cryophyte phytopathogen

1. ________________________ plant-eating; herbivorous

2. ________________________ the study of plants; botany

the pigment in green plants that absorbs light and controls

3. ________________________ dormancy, flowering, and the germination of seeds

4. ________________________ a plant that can live or grow on snow or ice

5. ________________________
having attributes of a plant

the use of herbs and other plants to promote health and

6. ________________________
treat disease

7. ________________________
something that causes disease in plants

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 45

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Colonies of ____________________ bryozoans, or moss animals, arise from the continual

budding of the cells. phytopathogen phytomorphic phytophagous

2. Aromatic vegetable oil extracts have been an integral part of ____________________ as far
back as 2000 B.C. cryophyte phytotherapy phytochrome

3. The new strain of bacterial ____________________ destroyed the entire corn crop.
phytology phytotherapy phytopathogen

4. The diverse regions of Big Bend National Park in Texas are an ideal place for classes in
____________________ to study desert plants.
phytology phytochrome cryophyte

5. The ____________________ mirid, or leaf bug, is found on much of the vegetation

throughout Canada. photochrome phytophagous phytomorphic

6. Any species of mold that can adapt to low temperatures is a ____________________.

phytochrome cryophyte phytopathogen

7. ____________________ enhances the rate of chlorophyll accumulation in certain seedlings.

Phytotherapy Phytochrome Phytology

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 45

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• place where • form • treatment

• plant • having the quality of • cause, birth, race,
• eat • cold produce
• like, related to • feeling, disease • study of, science
• color • state of, quality, act; body, group

1. phag _________________________________________________________

2. -ous _________________________________________________________

3. chrome _________________________________________________________

4. therap _________________________________________________________

5. -ic _________________________________________________________

6. cryo _________________________________________________________

7. -logy _________________________________________________________

8. gen _________________________________________________________

9. morph _________________________________________________________

10. patho _________________________________________________________

11. -y _________________________________________________________

12. phyte/phyto _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

phytology phytophagous phytomorphic phytotherapy

phytochrome cryophyte phytopathogen

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 43-45

Review
Lessons 43–45

A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.

-ic -y -us -ous -logy ic-ian logy/i-ology

therap tomy anthropo -tude phys meta phag/phago
chrome sarco xero cryo gen patho phyte/phyto
phyllo eso ichthyo ic-ist morph -ics ic-al

1. ________________________ flesh
2. ________________________ to bear, to carry
3. ________________________ thing which
4. ________________________ man, mankind
5. ________________________ dry
6. _______________________ fish
7. ________________________ having the quality of
8. ________________________ eat
9. ________________________ cut
10. ________________________ state of, quality, act; body, group
11. ________________________ leaf
12. ________________________ color
13. ________________________ treatment
14. ________________________ like, related to
15. ________________________ cold
16. ________________________ cause, birth, race, produce
17. ________________________ form
18. ________________________ feeling, disease
19. ________________________ plant
20. ________________________ like, related to; an action or process
21. ________________________ science, related to, system
22. ________________________ beyond, change
23. ________________________ one who
24. ________________________ study of, science
25. ________________________ nature, growth
26. ________________________ one who

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 43-45

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. sarcophagus _____ a incision through the wall of the esophagus (medical)

2. ichthyophagous _____ b fish-eating

3. anthropophagous _____ c eating of dry food

4. esophagotomy _____ d an ornamental stone coffin used to decompose the

flesh of the corpse within
5. xerophagy _____
e feeding on human flesh; cannibalistic
6. physiology _____
f plant-eating; herbivorous
7. metaphysics _____
g the study of plants; botany
8. esophagus _____
h the pigment in green plants that absorbs light and
9. phytotherapy _____ controls dormancy, flowering, and the germination
of seeds
10. phytochrome _____
i a plant that can live or grow on snow or ice
11. physicist _____
j the part of the digestive tract that connects the
12. phytophagous _____ throat to the stomach (medical)

13. phyllophagous _____ k feeding on leaves; leaf-eating

14. phytology _____ l the branch of the biological sciences that deals with
the functioning of organisms
15. phytopathogen _____
m a scientist whose specialty is physics
16. metaphysical _____
n a branch of philosophy dealing with the nature
17. physical _____ of reality

18. cryophyte _____ o a person skilled in the art of healing

19. physician _____ p related to matter and energy and their interactions

20. physics _____ q having attributes of a plant

21. phytomorphic _____ r the use of herbs and other plants to promote health
and treat disease

s something that causes disease in plants

t related to abstract reasoning; supernatural,

immaterial

u of, or relating to the body

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 43-45

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. sghpthpuoaoy plant-eating; herbivorous __________________

2. yiissctph a scientist whose specialty is physics __________________

3. mrhcthpyooe the pigment in green plants that absorbs light

and controls dormancy, flowering, and the
germination of seeds __________________

4. poyhhtcigahuso fish-eating __________________

5. roomhciphtyp having attributes of a plant __________________

6. icisnahyp a person skilled in the art of healing __________________

7. nehpgotyhatpo something that causes disease in plants __________________

8. ygoloisyhp the branch of the biological sciences that

deals with the functioning of organisms __________________

9. oyolgpyth the study of plants; botany __________________

10. tpmsyhsciae a branch of philosophy dealing with the
nature of reality __________________

11. payrhttpheoy the use of herbs and other plants to promote

health and treat disease __________________

12. ghpssoeua the part of the digestive tract that connects

the throat to the stomach (medical) __________________

13. ssaugrcapho an ornamental stone coffin used to
decompose the flesh of the corpse within __________________

14. cisyalhp of, or relating to the body __________________

15. ymotgoapohse incision through the wall of the

esophagus (medical) __________________

16. yethoprcy a plant that can live or grow on snow or ice __________________

17. yaghoperx eating of dry food __________________

18. lmaectiasphy related to abstract reasoning;

supernatural, immaterial __________________

19. suogahpooprhtna feeding on human flesh; cannibalistic __________________

20. hipsscy related to matter and energy and

their interactions __________________

21. youoapphhglls feeding on leaves; leaf-eating __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 43-45

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. ____________________ insects either remove a part of the leaf or imbibe the fluids
from the sap. Phytomorphic Ichthyophagous Phyllophagous

2. A ____________________ might be engaged in complex projects, such as space travel or

new energy sources. cryophyte physicist physician

3. Grasshoppers and caterpillars are ____________________ insects.

phytophagous metaphysical anthropophagous

4. Humans and other vertebrates all have a/an ____________________.

esophagotomy esophagus phytochrome

5. ____________________ uses advanced technology such as the electron microscope which is

capable of viewing even the molecules of a cell.
Physiology Xerograph Phytology

6. Plants that are bred to be highly resistant to diseases can usually overcome the effects of a
____________________. sarcophagus cryophyte phytopathogen

7. I’d much prefer to curl up on the couch with a good book rather than tackle any
____________________ activity. metaphysical physical phytomorphic

8. Following Richard’s ____________________ to remove cancer cells, he had to undergo

chemotherapy. esophagotomy phytotherapy metaphysics

9. Modern ____________________ researches such topics as plant propagation, breeding and

genetic modification, and the maintenance of biodiversity.
physics physiology phytology

10. Her thesis dealt with angels and other ____________________ beings.
phytomorphic metaphysical physical

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 43-45

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

11. ____________________ is found in the leaves of almost all plants.

Physics Phytochrome Cryophyte

12. Since we live near a lake and go fishing often, we tend to have a/an ___________________ diet.
ichthyophagous phytophagous anthropophagous

13. Champion pool players tend to have a good understanding of how ____________________
influence the movement of the balls. phytology metaphysics physics

14. In some historic and modern military organizations, ____________________ is used as a

disciplinary measure. xerophagy phytotherapy esophagotomy

15. A _________________, such as algae, can survive in temperatures as cool as –15 degrees C.
phytochrome cryophyte phytopathogen

16. ____________________ relies more on philosophical logic rather than on scientific sources.
Physics Phytology Metaphysics

17. The quilt had ____________________ designs consisting of flowers, trees, leaves, and fruits
in a highly stylish fashion. phytomorphic ichthyophagous physical

18. In ancient civilizations, a/an ____________________ was usually decorated with an

elaborate sculpture or inscription. esophagus cryophyte sarcophagus

19. The ____________________ on call in the ER diagnosed the girl’s condition as appendicitis.
physicist physician physics

20. Plants used in ____________________ are not typically part of a normal diet.
phytotherapy physiology phytology

21. Until fairly recently, ____________________ aborigines existed in Australia.

phytomorphic metaphysical anthropophagous

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 46

Lesson 46
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
com- with, together plac please, soothe, gentle -able able to be
im- in, into; not -ebo something tending to
-ent like, related to; one who,
that which
-id like, related to
-ity state, quality, act

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

placidity implacable placebo

placid complacent

1. ________________________ calm in nature; tranquil

2. ________________________ not capable of being appeased or pacified

something done or said simply to reassure; an inert

3. ________________________ medication that is actually ineffective

4. ________________________ overly pleased with oneself or one’s situation; smug

5. ________________________
the quality or feeling of being calm or composed

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 46

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The soldier realized they were facing a/an ____________________ enemy.

placid implacable complacent

2. The journalist had become too ____________________ after many years of success.
complacent placid implacable

3. After the storm, the lake was so ____________________ it looked like glass.
implacable complacent placid

4. Her father’s ____________________ only further antagonized the rebellious teenager.

complacent placebo placidity

5. His kind gesture acted as a ____________________ in her time of need.

implacable placidity placebo

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 46

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• in, into; not • like, related to; one who, that which
• able to be • please, soothe, gentle
• commotion, agitation • state, quality, act
• something tending to • like, related to
• with, together

1 -id _________________________________________________________

2. –able _________________________________________________________

3. im- _________________________________________________________

4. plac _________________________________________________________

5. -ebo _________________________________________________________

6. -ity _________________________________________________________

7. com- _________________________________________________________

8. -ent _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

placidity implacable placebo

placid complacent

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 47

Lesson 47
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
com- with, together pon/ place, put one who, that which; like,
-ent
pone/ related to
ex- out, away, from pose -ment that which
op- to, toward,
against
post- after
pro- for, before,
forward

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

expose postponement component exponent

proponent opponent postpone

1. ________________________ the act of putting something off to a future time

2. ________________________ one who takes an opposite position; rival

3. ________________________ a part of something larger

4. ________________________ one who argues in favor of something; advocate

5. ________________________
to put something off until a later time; delay

6. ________________________
one who supports or promotes an idea or belief

to leave something without protection; to reveal

7. ________________________
something hidden

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 47

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Jared supported and was a strong ____________________ of the bill which would approve
increase the minimum wage of workers. proponent opponent component

2. We’ve had to ____________________ our trip twice due to unexpected illness.

postponement expose postpone

3. The congressman is a leading ____________________ of free trade.

exponent postponement component

4. Inclement weather was responsible for the ____________________ of the tennis match.
component proponent postponement

5. After the game, Maddie’s ____________________ congratulated her on her win.

opponent proponent component

6. Each separate ____________________ of the computer had to fit perfectly.

opponent component proponent

7. The pending storm might ____________________ the people on the sailboat to danger.
postponement expose postpone

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 47

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• after • place, put

• to, toward, against • one who, that which; like, related to
• that which • out, away, from
• with, together • for, before, forward
• through, very

1. ex- _________________________________________________________

2. -ment _________________________________________________________

3. pro- _________________________________________________________

4. pon/pone/pose _________________________________________________________

5. com- _________________________________________________________

6. -ent _________________________________________________________

7. post- _________________________________________________________

8. op- _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

expose postponement component exponent

proponent opponent postpone

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 48

Lesson 48
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
a- away, from; not, brachy* short like, related to; an action
ygi-al
without or process
pter/ wing, feather
ptero yg-oid resembling
saur lizard id-ology study of, science
-ous having the quality of

*For more information on connecting vowels and combining forms, please see page vi in the Introduction.

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

apterygial brachypterous pterygoid

pteridology pterosaur

1. ________________________ short winged

2. ________________________ extinct flying reptile

3. ________________________ like a bird’s wing in form

belonging to the group of animals without paired wings,

4. ________________________ fins, or limbs

5. ________________________
the branch of botany that studies ferns

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 48

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. ____________________ beetles cannot fly and rarely disperse long distances.

Apterygial Pterygoid Brachypterous

2. The students of ____________________ took photographs of a variety of pressed ferns.

pterygoid pterosaur pteridology

3. The ____________________ cyclostomi are elongated creatures resembling eels.

apterygial pterygoid brachypterous

4. Like the dinosaur, the ____________________ was affected by the mass extinction at the end
of the Cretaceous Period. pterygoid pteridology pterosaur

5. The ____________________ muscles in the skull, when inflamed, can interfere with chewing,
talking, and range of motion. brachypterous pterygoid apterygial

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 48

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• short • study of, science

• like, related to; an action or process • flowing
• resembling • having the quality of
• wing, feather • lizard
• away, from; not, without

1. pter/ptero _________________________________________________________

2. ygi-al _________________________________________________________

3. a- _________________________________________________________

4. -ous _________________________________________________________

5. brachy _________________________________________________________

6. yg-oid _________________________________________________________

7. saur _________________________________________________________

8. id-ology _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

apterygial brachypterous pterygoid

pteridology pterosaur

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 46-48

Review
Lessons 46–48

A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.

op- a- -ment -ent saur im-

pter/ptero pon/pone/pose -ation yg-oid -ebo -id
post- -ous brachy com- plac -able
ygi-al pro- ex- -ity id-ology

1. ________________________ wing, feather

2. ________________________ like, related to; an action or process
3. ________________________ away, from; not, without
4. ________________________ having the quality of
5. ________________________ short
6. _______________________ resembling
7. ________________________ lizard
8. ________________________ study of, science
9. ________________________ like, related to
10. ________________________ able to be
11. ________________________ in, into; not
12. ________________________ please, soothe, gentle
13. ________________________ something tending to
14. ________________________ state, quality, act
15. ________________________ with, together
16. ________________________ like, related to; one who, that which
17. ________________________ out, away, from
18. ________________________ that which
19. ________________________ for, before, forward
20. ________________________ place, put
21. ________________________ after
22. ________________________ to, toward, against

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 46-48

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. brachypterous _____ a calm in nature; tranquil

2. postpone _____ b not capable of being appeased or pacified

3. proponent _____ c something done or said simply to reassure; an inert

medication that is actually ineffective
4. pterosaur _____
d the act of putting something off to a future time
5. opponent _____
e one who takes an opposite position; rival
6. exponent _____
f a part of something larger
7. placebo _____
g one who argues in favor of something; advocate
8. implacable _____
h to put something off until a later time; delay
9. placid _____
i short winged
10. postponement _____
j extinct flying reptile
11. complacent _____
k like a bird’s wing in form
12. expose _____
l belonging to the group of animals without paired
13. placidity _____ wings, fins, or limbs

14. component _____ m the branch of botany that studies ferns

15. apterygial _____ n one who supports or promotes an idea or belief

16. pterygoid _____ o to leave something without protection; to reveal

something hidden
17. pteridology _____
p overly pleased with oneself or one’s situation; smug

q the quality or feeling of being calm or composed

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 46-48

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. oeepxtnn one who supports or promotes

an idea or belief __________________

2. tnenoprop one who argues in favor of
something; advocate __________________

3. pigdoyrte like a bird’s wing in form __________________

4. bellaaicpm not capable of being appeased or pacified __________________

5. gtypeoloidr the branch of botany that studies ferns __________________

6. nmtenopesotp the act of putting something off to a

future time __________________

7. lpmoctneca overly pleased with oneself or one’s

situation; smug __________________

8. onetnpomc a part of something larger __________________

9. aosrurpet extinct flying reptile __________________

10. nsppteoo to put something off until a later time; delay __________________

11. sburoarcehpyt short winged __________________

12. xeesop to leave something without protection;

to reveal something hidden __________________

13. dlcpia calm in nature; tranquil __________________

14. aalieytrgp belonging to the group of animals without

paired wings, fins, or limbs __________________

15. olpbeca something done or said simply to reassure;

an inert medication that is actually ineffective
__________________

16. nntpopeo one who takes an opposite position; rival __________________

17. yitlapidc the quality or feeling of being calm
or composed __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 46-48

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. I am a strong ____________________ of the four-day work week.

exponent placebo component

2. The new parents were elated at the ____________________ of their newborn who hardly
ever cried. postponement proponent placidity

3. The newspaper decided to ____________________ the politician’s dishonesty.

complacent postpone expose

4. In some species of insects only the male or the female is ____________________.

implacable brachypterous placid

5. The garden show featured an expert in ____________________ as a guest speaker.

pteridology placidity postponement

6. Ashton has an amazingly gentle and ____________________ disposition.

apterygial placid complacent

7. Inclement weather caused yet another ____________________ of the plane’s departure.

component placebo postponement

8. Early forms of a ____________________ had long, fully toothed jaws and long tails.
pteridology pterosaur opponent

9. The babysitter was upset since the child was ____________________ once the parents left.
implacable placid complacent

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 46-48

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

10. Business law is just one ____________________ of my economics class.

proponent exponent component

11. Snakes possess teeth in their ____________________ bones.

apterygial pterygoid implacable

12. The toy manufacturer couldn’t afford to become ____________________ about any of
its products. complacent placid implacable

13. The governor was a leading ____________________ of capital punishment.

postponement proponent placebo

14. In the clinical trial, half of the participants were given a/an ____________________.
opponent component placebo

15. Beth’s ____________________ in the tennis match injured her knee and had to forfeit
the game. opponent placebo proponent

16. The recreation center announced it would ____________________ the chess tournament
for a week. apterygial expose postpone

17. Snakes must slither along since they are ____________________.

brachypterous implacable apterygial

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 49

Lesson 49
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
away, from; not, gen cause, birth, race, -ic like, related to
a-
without produce
-osis condition
against, pyret/ fever
anti-
opposite pyreto* -y state of, quality, act; body,
pyro* fire, heat group
therap treatment
typh stupor, fog

*For more information on connecting vowels and combining forms, please see page vi in the Introduction.

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

apyretic pyretotyphosis antipyretic

pyretotherapy pyrogenic

1. ________________________ fever therapy

2. ________________________ without fever

3. ________________________ fever-inducing

4. ________________________ drug that relieves or reduces fever

5. ________________________
the delirium of fever

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 49

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Eric used a/an ____________________ when he had the flu.

pyretotherapy antipyretic pyretotyphosis

2. If someone’s body temperature reaches 105 degrees, ____________________ and

subsequent unconsciousness will occurr. pyretotyphosis pyretotherapy antipyretic

3. The pediatrician said Billy could return to school as soon as he was ____________________.
pyretotyphosis apyretic pyrogenic

4. ____________________ causes a positive change in the internal environment of the body.

Pyretotyphosis Antipyretic Pyretotherapy

5. Coley’s toxin was a ____________________ vaccine developed to treat and reduce

cancerous tumors. antipyretic pyrogenic apyretic

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 49

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• fever • state of, quality, act; body, group

• condition • lift, raise
• against, opposite • treatment
• like, related to • away, from; not, without
• fire, heat • cause, birth, race, produce
• stupor, fog

1. therap _________________________________________________________

2. -osis _________________________________________________________

3. anti- _________________________________________________________

4. gen _________________________________________________________

5. typh _________________________________________________________

6. -ic _________________________________________________________

7. a- _________________________________________________________

8. -y _________________________________________________________

9. pyro _________________________________________________________

10. pyret/pyreto _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

apyretic pyretotyphosis antipyretic

pyretotherapy pyrogenic

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 50

Lesson 50
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
con- with, together secute/ follow like, related to; an action
i-al
sequ or process
non- not
-ence state, quality, act
ob- to, toward,
against -ent one who, that which; like,
related to
per- through, very
i-ous having the quality of
pro- for, before, it-ur that which
forward
sub- under, below

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

subsequent persecute prosecute non sequitur

consequence sequential obsequious

1. ________________________ the effect, result, or outcome of something occurring earlier

2. ________________________ to take legal action and bring someone before a court

3. ________________________ overly eager to please or obey

4. ________________________ a remark having no bearing on what has just been said

5. ________________________
to oppress; to pester continually

6. ________________________
following in regular succession without gaps

7. ________________________
happening or existing after; later

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 50

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The legislature convenes on ____________________ days each week.

obsequious subsequent sequential

2. We had been discussing plumbing and pipes, so Elizabeth’s remark about astrology was a
real ____________________. obsequious consequence non sequitur

3. The accident was the unfortunate ____________________ of reckless driving.

persecute non sequitur consequence

4. The store manager stated that she would ____________________ anyone found shoplifting.
subsequent prosecute persecute

5. She complained that he continued to ____________________ her even after the police
had intervened. persecute prosecute sequential

6. His ____________________ attitude was irritating to those around him.

subsequent obsequious sequential

7. The noise intensified with each ____________________ explosion.

obsequious sequential subsequent

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 50

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• under, below • one who, that which; like, related to

• like, related to; an action or process • to, toward, against
• not • having the quality of
• through, very • for, before, forward
• state, quality, act • that which
• follow • with, together
• form

1. -ent _________________________________________________________

2. ob- _________________________________________________________

3. i-al _________________________________________________________

4. non- _________________________________________________________

5. secute/sequ _________________________________________________________

6. con- _________________________________________________________

7. -ence _________________________________________________________

8. i-ous _________________________________________________________

9. per- _________________________________________________________

10. sub- _________________________________________________________

11. it-ur _________________________________________________________

12. pro- _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

subsequent persecute prosecute non sequitur

consequence sequential obsequious

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 51

Lesson 51
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
de- from, away, sec/ dry -ant one who, that which;
down, apart, not sicc state, quality
demi- half -ation an action or process
at-ive tending to or performing
at-or one who, that which;
condition, state, quality

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

siccative desiccator desiccant

demi-sec desiccation

1. ________________________ the process of extracting moisture

2. ________________________ a substance that promotes drying

3. ________________________ causing to dry; drying

4. ________________________ glass jar with air-tight cover containing a drying agent

5. ________________________
half-dry; semi-dry

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 51

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Calcium oxide is a ____________________ agent used in paints to accelerate the

drying process. desiccator siccative demi-sec

2. They chose a ____________________ champagne to have with their dinner.

demi-sec desiccation siccative

3. The partial ____________________ of landlocked seas at many stages of geological history

has caused deposits of gypsum and rock salt. desiccant desiccator desiccation

4. As soon as the ____________________ was opened, its contents were exposed to

atmospheric moisture. desiccation desiccator desiccant

5. Silica gel is a ____________________ commonly used to collect and hold moisture in

refrigeration and air conditioning systems. desiccator desiccation desiccant

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 51

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• back, again • from, away, down, apart, not

• one who, that which; state, quality • tending to or performing
• half • one who, that which; condition, state,
• dry quality
• an action or process

1. sec/sicc _________________________________________________________

2. -ant _________________________________________________________

3. demi- _________________________________________________________

4. -ation _________________________________________________________

5. de- _________________________________________________________

6. at-or _________________________________________________________

7. at-ive _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

siccative desiccator desiccant

demi-sec desiccation

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 49-51

Review
Lessons 49–51

A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.
con- a- demi- de- at-ive -ence ob- pyro
pro- -ant -ation at-or sub- i-ous non- -ent
-y -ic gen -osis per- leps pyret/pyreto
sec/sicc typh anti- therap it-ur i-al secute/sequ

1. ________________________ dry
2. ________________________ one who, that which; state, quality
3. ________________________ half
4. ________________________ an action or process
5. ________________________ from, away, down, apart, not
6. _______________________ one who, that which; condition, state, quality
7. ________________________ tending to or performing
8. ________________________ treatment
9. ________________________ condition
10. ________________________ against, opposite
11. ________________________ cause, birth, race, produce
12. ________________________ stupor, fog
13. ________________________ like, related to
14. ________________________ away, from; not, without
15. ________________________ state of, quality, act; body, group
16. ________________________ fire, heat
17. ________________________ fever
18. ________________________ one who, that which; like, related to
19. ________________________ to, toward, against
20. ________________________ like, related to; an action or process
21. ________________________ not
22. ________________________ follow
23. ________________________ with, together
24. ________________________ state, quality, act
25. ________________________ having the quality of
26. ________________________ through, very
27. ________________________ under, below
28. ________________________ that which
29. ________________________ for, before, forward

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 49-51

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. siccative _____ a the effect, result, or outcome of something

occurring earlier
2. desiccation _____
b to take legal action and bring someone before
3. pyrogenic _____ a court

4. demi-sec _____ c overly eager to please or obey

5. subsequent _____ d a remark having no bearing on what has just

been said
6. sequential _____
e to oppress; to pester continually
7. persecute _____
f following in regular succession without gaps
8. prosecute _____
g happening or existing after; later
9. pyretotyphosis _____
h the process of extracting moisture
10. consequence _____
i a substance that promotes drying
11. apyretic _____
j causing to dry; drying
12. non sequitur _____
k glass jar with air-tight cover containing
13. antipyretic _____ a drying agent

14. desiccator _____ l half-dry; semi-dry

15. obsequious _____ m fever therapy

16. pyretotherapy _____ n without fever

17. desiccant _____ o fever-inducing

p drug that relieves or reduces fever

q the delirium of fever

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 49-51

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. eerryyppttoha fever therapy __________________

2. siedacntc a substance that promotes drying __________________

3. goneciyrp fever-inducing __________________

4. portecues to take legal action and bring someone

before a court __________________

5. lsatineuqe following in regular succession without gaps __________________

6. sdctcnoiaie the process of extracting moisture __________________

7. reypacit without fever __________________

8. esviictca causing to dry; drying __________________

9. nno rutqesiu a remark having no bearing on what has

just been said __________________

10. iemd-esc half-dry; semi-dry __________________

11. ecocnesnque the effect, result, or outcome of something

occurring earlier __________________

12. aieiyntprtc drug that relieves or reduces fever __________________

13. qssboeoiuu overly eager to please or obey __________________

14. trsdciecoaglass jar with air-tight cover containing

a drying agent __________________

15. eeeusrptc to oppress; to pester continually __________________

16. oisshypttoyepr the delirium of fever __________________

17. bussuqneet happening or existing after; later __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 49-51

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Ancient Greek physicians used ____________________ to treat a variety of diseases.

desiccation pyretotherapy pyretotyphosis

2. The salesman’s ____________________ behavior often turned potential buyers away.

obsequious siccative pyrogenic

3. The ____________________ in the chemistry lab contained silica gel.

antipyretic non sequitur desiccator

4. The flu caused Meg to become only intermittently ____________________.

apyretic obsequious pyrogenic

5. The burglary victim hired an attorney to ____________________ the offender.

siccative persecute prosecute

6. ____________________ of food by freeze-drying maintains the physical structure and

nutritional value. Pyretotyphosis Desiccation Pyretotherapy

7. People who use illicit drugs can suffer from an acute ____________________ reaction.
apyretic sequential pyrogenic

8. Scientists speculate that certain fish species will become extinct as a ____________________
of oil spills. consequence non sequitur antipyretic

9. A/An ____________________ is used in the manufacture of insulated windows to prevent

condensation of moisture between the panes.
pyretotherapy antipyretic desiccant

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 49-51

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

10. Dad’s response that he would gladly take the trash out in the morning when Mom announced
that dinner was ready was a ____________________.
non sequitur consequence desiccation

11. The chef used a/an ____________________ wine in the chicken entree he prepared
for dinner. siccative demi-sec obsequious

12. The safest over-the-counter ____________________ for his chills and fever is Ibuprofen.
pyretotherapy desiccator antipyretic

13. The ____________________ cobalt is a safer drying agent than turpentine or mineral spirits.
siccative demi-sec pyrogenic

14. Tabloids tend to ____________________ celebrities whenever they make headlines.

desicator persecute prosecute

15. The Kombucha tea recipe requires that you follow each step in __________________ order.
subsequent sequential demi-sec

16. Upon his return from the tropics, Marcus developed classic symptoms of malaria, including
____________________ and nausea. desiccation pyretotherapy pyretotyphosis

17. ____________________ to his arrest for drug dealing was a ten year prison sentence.
Subsequent Siccative Sequential

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 52

Lesson 52
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
centre center -er one who, that which
dont tooth -ic like, related to
graph write, written -ium chemical element
scop look at, view, examine -logy study of, science
selen/ moon, brightness -osis condition
seleno

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

selenium selenosis selenographer selenocentric

selenoscope selenodont selenology

poisoning caused by ingesting dangerously high

1. ________________________ amounts of selenium

2. ________________________ expert in mapping the physical features of the moon

having molars with crowns formed of crescent-shaped

3. ________________________ cusps

the study of the origin and physical characteristics of

4. ________________________ the moon

of, or relating to the center of the moon; having the

5. ________________________
moon as center

6. ________________________
a trace mineral that has light-sensitive properties

7. ________________________
instrument for viewing the moon

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 52

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Many herbivorous mammals possess ____________________ teeth, which make it easier for
them to feed on abrasive substances. selenium selenocentric selenodont

2. When frogs are discolored yellow, that indicates a deficiency of ____________________.

selenosis selenium selenology

3. ____________________ orbits are among the five orbital classes used in the search for
extraterrestrial artifacts. Selenosis Selenodont Selenocentric

4. Much of the land in the Great Plains region of the U.S. is useless for grazing due to the
danger of ____________________. selenosis selenium selenoscope

5. Robert Hooke, a leading developer of instruments during the 1600s, fabricated a

____________________ specifically for lunar use.
selenosis selenographer selenoscope

6. The ____________________ explained that the moon’s atmosphere extends three miles
above its surface and that it has sufficient density to support vegetation.
selenoscope selenographer selenology

7. The findings of lunar missions and ____________________ have shown that Earth and the
moon have remarkably similar characteristics. selenology selenium selenosis

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 52

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• moon, brightness • write, written

• one who, that which • chemical element
• center • study of, science
• wing, feather • look at, view, examine
• like, related to • condition
• tooth

1. -ic _________________________________________________________

2. selen/seleno _________________________________________________________

3. -osis _________________________________________________________

4. centr _________________________________________________________

5. scop _________________________________________________________

6. graph _________________________________________________________

7. -logy _________________________________________________________

8. dont _________________________________________________________

9. -ium _________________________________________________________

10. -er _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

selenium selenosis selenographer selenocentric

selenoscope selenodont selenology

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 53

Lesson 53
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
in- in, into; not surg/ rise -ence state, quality, act
surrect
post- after one who, that which; like,
trauma/ shock, wound -ent
related to
re- back, again traumat
-ic like, related to
-ion an action or process;
state, quality, act

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

post-traumatic resurgence traumatic

insurgent insurrection trauma

person involved in a rebellion against a

1. ________________________ constituted authority

2. ________________________ relating to a physical or emotional wound

3. ________________________ a rising again into life, activity, or prominence

4. ________________________ severe shock caused by an injury

5. ________________________
a rising up against established authority

6. ________________________
occurring as a result of or after injury

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 53

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The commandos, planning a/an ____________________, swore the participants to secrecy.

trauma resurgence insurrection

2. Years later, the ____________________ incident still made her frightened of the dark.
insurgent traumatic post-traumatic

3. After the attack, the belligerent ____________________ was found hiding in the hills
surrounding the town. insurrection insurgent resurgence

4. There is a huge ____________________ of phonics being taught in schools throughout the

United States. resurgence insurrection insurgent

5. Following wartime combat, a great many veterans suffer from ____________________

stress disorder. trauma post-traumatic traumatic

6. A car accident can cause physical ____________________, such as broken bones or

other injuries. resurgence trauma insurrection

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 53

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• state, quality, act • like, related to

• after • shock or wound
• rise • an action or process; state, quality, act
• one who, that which; like, related to • treatment
• back, again • in, into; not

1. post- _________________________________________________________

2. -ion _________________________________________________________

3. -ence _________________________________________________________

4. in- _________________________________________________________

5. surg/surrect _________________________________________________________

6. re- _________________________________________________________

7. -ent _________________________________________________________

8. -ic _________________________________________________________

9. trauma/traumat _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

post-traumatic resurgence traumatic

insurgent insurrection trauma

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

244 © 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 54

Lesson 54
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
card heart -ia condition
graph write, written -on quality, state
meter to measure -y state of, quality, act; body,
phras speech group
scope look at, view, examine
tachisto/ fast
tachy

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

tachyon tachistoscope tachycardia

tachymeter tachygraphy tachyphrasia

instrument for rapidly showing images on a screen to

1. ________________________ test perception

a hypothetical subatomic particle that can travel faster

2. ________________________ than the speed of light

3. ________________________ device for measuring speed of rotation

4. ________________________ an abnormally fast heartbeat

5. ________________________
the art or technique of rapid writing or shorthand

6. ________________________
abnormally rapid yet fluent and articulate speech

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 54

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The ____________________ plays a large role in science fiction stories that involve
time travel. tachycardia tachyon tachistoscope

2. ____________________ dates back to medieval times, but the first stenographic system
worthy of note appeared in England in 1627. Tachygraphy Tachycardia Tachyphrasia

3. Daniel was promoted to news anchor because his ____________________ works well on TV.
tachymeter tachycardia tachyphrasia

4. The teacher used a ____________________ to encourage her students to read faster.

tachistoscope tachymeter tachyon

5. A cardiologist may perform an ablation to treat supraventricular ____________________.

tachygraphy tachycardia tachyphrasia

6. The ____________________ in the Swiss watch was calibrated in miles per hour.
tachyon tachymeter tachistoscope

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 54

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• state of, quality, act; body, group • heart

• fear of • quality, state
• fast • write, written
• condition • to measure
• speech • look at, view, examine

1. phras _________________________________________________________

2. card _________________________________________________________

3. -ia _________________________________________________________

4. scope _________________________________________________________

5. meter _________________________________________________________

6. -on _________________________________________________________

7. -y _________________________________________________________

8. graph _________________________________________________________

9. tachisto/tachy _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

tachyon tachistoscope tachycardia

tachymeter tachygraphy tachyphrasia

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

© 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849 247

Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 52-54

Review
Lessons 52–54

A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.
meter graph -on -ion -logy selen/seleno -er
-y post- phras in- dont -ium -ent
scop/scope -ous -ia surg/surrect centr -ic
card tachisto/tachy re- -ence -osis trauma/traumat

1. ________________________ speech
2. ________________________ heart
3. ________________________ condition
4. ________________________ look at, view, examine
5. ________________________ to measure
6. _______________________ quality, state
7. ________________________ state of, quality, act; body, group
8. ________________________ write, written
9. ________________________ fast
10. ________________________ after
11. ________________________ an action or process; state, quality, act
12. ________________________ state, quality, act
13. ________________________ in, into; not
14. ________________________ rise
15. ________________________ back, again
16. ________________________ one who, that which; like, related to
17. ________________________ like, related to
18. ________________________ one who, that which
19. ________________________ shock or wound
20. ________________________ chemical element
21. ________________________ moon, brightness
22. ________________________ condition
23. ________________________ center
24. ________________________ tooth
25. ________________________ study of, science

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 52-54

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. tachymeter _____ a person involved in a rebellion against a constituted

authority
2. tachistoscope _____
b relating to a physical or emotional wound
3. tachycardia _____
c a rising again into life, activity, or prominence
4. traumatic _____
d instrument for rapidly showing images on a screen
5. selenographer _____ to test perception

6. insurgent _____ e a hypothetical subatomic particle that can travel

faster than the speed of light
7. resurgence _____
f device for measuring speed of rotation
8. insurrection _____
g an abnormally fast heartbeat
9. selenium _____
h the art or technique of rapid writing or shorthand
10. selenocentric _____
i abnormally rapid yet fluent and articulate speech
11. post-traumatic _____
j severe shock caused by an injury
12. tachyon _____
k poisoning caused by ingesting dangerously high
13. selenoscope _____ amounts of selenium

14. selenology _____ l expert in mapping the physical features of the moon

15. trauma _____ m having molars with crowns formed of crescent-

shaped cusps
16. tachyphrasia _____
n the study of the origin and physical characteristics of
17. selenodont _____ the moon

18. tachygraphy _____ o of, or relating to the center of the moon; having the
moon as center
19. selenosis _____
p a trace mineral that has light-sensitive properties

q instrument for viewing the moon

r a rising up against established authority

s occurring as a result of or after injury

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 52-54

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. paetsooctsihc instrument for rapidly showing images on a

screen to test perception __________________

2. muisenel a trace mineral that has light-sensitive

properties
__________________

3. yhctaeemrt device for measuring speed of rotation __________________

4. stop-cartutami occurring as a result of or after injury __________________

5. hatcgyparyh the art or technique of rapid writing

or shorthand __________________

6. gnntsreui person involved in a rebellion against a

constituted authority __________________

7. rhprgnlseaeoe expert in mapping the physical features

of the moon __________________

8. ercenseugr a rising again into life, activity, or prominence __________________

9. glesloneoy the study of the origin and physical

characteristics of the moon __________________

10. oninitscerur a rising up against established authority __________________

11. aidraccatyh an abnormally fast heartbeat __________________

12. phyactrahisa abnormally rapid yet fluent and

articulate speech __________________

13. nlsssioee poisoning caused by ingesting dangerously

high amounts of selenium __________________

14. mattcariu relating to a physical or emotional wound __________________

15. dontoneels having molars with crowns formed of

crescent-shaped cusps __________________

16. mrtuaa severe shock caused by an injury __________________

17. conleestencri of, or relating to the center of the moon;

having the moon as center __________________

18. hotnyca a hypothetical subatomic particle that can

travel faster than the speed of light __________________

19. pesecoleson instrument for viewing the moon __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 52-54

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. By the time the ambulance arrived, the man’s ____________________ had lessened.
tachycardia selenosis tachyphrasia

2. The ____________________ of the accident affected Rachael’s memory for several years.
resurgence trauma tachyon

3. During World War II, a ____________________ was used in the training of fighter pilots to help
them identify aircraft silhouettes as friend or foe.
tachymeter selenoscope tachistoscope

4. Shell shock, nostalgia, and traumatic war neurosis are former terms for what is now referred to
as ____________________ stress disorder. post-traumatic selenocentric selenodont

5. Extreme cases of ____________________ can result in cirrhosis of the liver, pulmonary

edema, and even death. tachyphrasia selenosis tachycardia

6. Paul Revere was considered to be a/an ____________________ in the American Revolution.

insurgent selenographer tachyon

7. A/An ____________________ has extensive knowledge of astronomy.

tachistoscope insurgent selenographer

8. The ____________________ concussion led to a more serious brain injury.

selenodont selenocentric traumatic

9. Hector has so many thoughts he’d like to express all at once that he has developed the
skill of ____________________. tachyphrasia tachycardia selenosis

10. In prosperous times, there seems to be a/an ____________________ in sales of

expensive artwork. insurrection resurgence selenology

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 52-54

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

11. Many mammals, such as humans, cattle, and bears have ____________________ teeth.
selenocentric traumatic selenodont

12. Businesses today use more of a computerized form of____________________.

tachygraphy selenology tachyphrasia

13. ____________________ deals with attributes of the moon, such as, magnitude, motion,
and constitution. Tachycardia Selenology Selenosis

14. The Boston Tea Party is probably the most famous American act of ____________________.
resurgence tachygraphy insurrection

15. As part of space exploration, lunar or ____________________ orbits are made by various
manned or unmanned spacecraft around the moon.
selenocentric selenodont post-traumatic

16. Theorists argue that a ____________________ might actually exist even though this theory
appears to contradict common sense. selenoscope tachyon tachymeter

17. You can make your very own ____________________ with cardboard, scissors, and a
split pen. tachygraphy selenoscope selenium

18. The surveyor used a ____________________ mounted on a tripod to measure the horizontal
and vertical dimensions of the field. tachymeter tachistoscope selenoscope

19. Mushrooms are a good source of the antioxidant ____________________.

selenosis selenology selenium

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 55

Lesson 55
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
de- from, away, ten hold -able able to be
down, apart, not
-acious having the quality of
re- back, again
t-ive tending to or performing
un- not -tion state, quality, act
-ure state, quality, act; that
which; process, condition

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

tenable untenable tenure

retentive detention tenacious

1. ________________________ able to be held for a specified time

2. ________________________ the act of detaining or holding back

3. ________________________ the term during which some position is held

4. ________________________ holding firmly to one’s position, opinion, etc.

5. ________________________
tending to retain or hold on to

6. ________________________
not able to be defended or justified

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 55

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Bernie claims his success in school was due to a ____________________ memory.

untenable tenable retentive

2. During Mrs. Hodges ____________________ as principal, the high school excelled in all
academic areas. tenable detention tenure

3. In light of recent discoveries, his theory has become ____________________.

untenable tenacious tenable

4. Selena was granted a university fellowship which is ____________________ for three years.
retentive tenacious tenable

5. Julie’s homeroom teacher was in charge of the ____________________ of tardy pupils.

retentive tenure detention

6. The residents have been ____________________ in their opposition to the new airport.
tenacious retentive untenable

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 55

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• able to be • tending to or performing

• back, again • state, quality, act
• having the quality of • not
• hold • from, away, down, apart, not
• bear, produce • state, quality, act; that which; process, condition

1. un- _________________________________________________________

2. -ure _________________________________________________________

3. ten _________________________________________________________

4. -able _________________________________________________________

5. re- _________________________________________________________

6. -acious _________________________________________________________

7. -tion _________________________________________________________

8. de- _________________________________________________________

9. t-ive _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

tenable untenable tenure

retentive detention tenacious

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

© 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849 255

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 56

Lesson 56
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
a- away, from, not, appendec/ supplement, -sis action, process
without appendix appendage
ana- back, against micro* small

epi- on, outside tme/ cut

tome/
tomy

*For more information on connecting vowels and combining forms, please see page vi in the Introduction.

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

microtome epitome appendectomy

appendix anatomy tmesis

1. ________________________ a summary or typical example of something

the scientific study of the body and how its parts are
2. ________________________ arranged

3. ________________________ the surgical removal of the appendix

separation of a compound word by interposition of

4. ________________________ another word

additional material at the end of a book; a small pouch

5. ________________________
growing out from the intestines

scientific instrument that cuts thin slices of biological

6. ________________________
tissues for microscopic examination

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 56

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Angela had an emergency ____________________ last year which saved her life.
appendix appendectomy epitome

2. The ____________________ contains a list of important dates.

microtome tmesis appendix

3. The ____________________ provided a biopsy sample that was a few millionths of a

meter thick. microtome anatomy appendix

4. An accurate drawing of the human body requires some knowledge of __________________.

tmesis anatomy epitome

5. Even in her mid-sixties, Ramona is the ____________________ of elegance and class.

appendix tmesis epitome

6. In the English language, it is extremely rare to find a/an ____________________, such as “be
thou ware.” tmesis microtome anatomy

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 56

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• back, against • on, outside

• action, process • small
• cut • supplement, appendage
• condition • away, from, not, without

1. micro _________________________________________________________

2. ana- _________________________________________________________

3. -sis _________________________________________________________

4. epi- _________________________________________________________

5. appendec/
appendix _________________________________________________________

6. a- _________________________________________________________

7. tme/tome/tomy _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

microtome epitome appendectomy

appendix anatomy tmesis

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

258 © 2015 The Critical Thinking Co.™ • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849

Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 57

Lesson 57
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
ex- out, away, from trude/ thrust an action or process;
-ion
trus state, quality, act
in- in, into, not
-ive tending to or performing
ob- to, toward,
against
pro- for, before,
forward
un- not

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

intrude protrude extrusion

protrusive unobtrusive intrusion

1. ________________________ jutting or thrusting forward

2. ________________________ to enter uninvited

3. ________________________ to bulge or extend forward

4. ________________________ the action of squeezing something out by pressure

5. ________________________
inconspicuous; not standing out

6. ________________________
a disturbance; an invasion of someone’s privacy

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 57

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The ____________________ of glue from the tube covered a small part of the surface.
intrude extrusion intrusion

2. In the distance we can see several rocks that ____________________ from the cliff.
intrude protrusive protrude

3. It was rude of them to ____________________ on the private dinner party.

unobtrusive protrude intrude

4. He entered the classroom trying to be as ____________________ as possible.

intrude unobtrusive protrusive

5. Beth mistakenly felt that her presence in their home was an ____________________.
protrusive intrusion extrusion

6. Only in slow motion could the class see the frog’s ____________________ tongue snatch
the insect. intrusion unobtrusive protrusive

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 57

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• an action or process; state, • stone

quality, act • not
• to, toward, against • tending to or performing
• in, into; not • out, away, from
• thrust • for, before, forward

1. ob- _________________________________________________________

2. in- _________________________________________________________

3. -ion _________________________________________________________

4. pro- _________________________________________________________

5. trude/trus _________________________________________________________

6. -ive _________________________________________________________

7. ex- _________________________________________________________

8. un- _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

intrude protrude extrusion

protrusive unobtrusive intrusion

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 55-57

Review
Lessons 55–57

A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.
epi- ana- -ion arch ten trude/trus
in- a- ex- -ure -acious tme/tome/tomy
-sis ob- pro- -tion -able appendec/appendix
micro un- -ive/t-ive re- de-

1. ________________________ to, toward, against

2. ________________________ in, into; not
3. ________________________ an action or process; state, quality, act
4. ________________________ for, before, forward
5. ________________________ thrust
6. _______________________ tending to or performing
7. ________________________ out, away, from
8. ________________________ not
9. ________________________ small
10. ________________________ back, against
11. ________________________ action, process
12. ________________________ on, outside
13. ________________________ supplement, appendage
14. ________________________ away, from, not, without
15. ________________________ cut
16. ________________________ state, quality, act; that which; process, condition
17. ________________________ hold
18. ________________________ able to be
19. ________________________ back, again
20. ________________________ having the quality of
21. ________________________ state, quality, act
22. ________________________ from, away, down, apart, not

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 55-57

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. protrusive _____ a able to be held for a specified time

2. retentive _____ b the act of detaining or holding back

3. untenable _____ c the term during which some position is held

4. intrude _____ d holding firmly to one’s position, opinion, etc.

5. detention _____ e tending to retain or hold on to

6. tenure _____ f not able to be defended or justified

7. tenable _____ g jutting or thrusting forward

8. tenacious _____ h to enter uninvited

9. extrusion _____ i to bulge or extend forward

10. appendix _____ j a summary or typical example of something

11. microtome _____ k the scientific study of the body and how its parts
are arranged
12. intrusion _____
l the surgical removal of the appendix
13. unobtrusive _____
m separation of a compound word by interposition of
14. epitome _____ another word

15. anatomy _____ n additional material at the end of a book; a small

pouch growing out from the intestines
16. protrude _____
o scientific instrument that cuts thin slices of biological
17. tmesis _____ tissues for microscopic examination

18. appendectomy _____ p the action of squeezing something out by pressure

q inconspicuous; not standing out

r a disturbance; an invasion of someone’s privacy

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 55-57

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. bentlea able to be held for a specified time __________________

2. ntmyoaa the scientific study of the body and how its

parts are arranged __________________

3. renteu the term during which some position is held __________________

4. vrepiostur jutting or thrusting forward __________________

5. vrtntieee tending to retain or hold on to __________________

6. droptrue to bulge or extend forward __________________

7. sstiem separation of a compound word by

interposition of another word __________________

8. evisutrbonu inconspicuous; not standing out __________________

9. mtpeeoi a summary or typical example of something __________________

10. tteennoid the act of detaining or holding back __________________

11. motcedynapep the surgical removal of the appendix __________________

12. urtxeisno the action of squeezing something

out by pressure
__________________

13. pnxdiepa additional material at the end of a book; a

small pouch growing out from the intestines __________________

14. onisuritn a disturbance; an invasion of

someone’s privacy __________________

15. ctimoreom scientific instrument that cuts thin slices of

biological tissues for microscopic examination __________________

16. netuoscia holding firmly to one’s position, opinion, etc. __________________

17. dirtuen to enter uninvited __________________

18. antunebel not able to be defended or justified __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 55-57

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Because she was late, the student tried to be as ____________________ as possible.

unobtrusive tenacious tenable

2. Farmers are happy when they have water- ____________________ soil.

protrusive retentive untenable

3. The ____________________ nail on the wall had to be removed for safety purposes.
unobtrusive tenacious protrusive

4. The model’s exquisite taste makes her the ____________________ of fashion.

tmesis epitome anatomy

5. In the first half of the 19th century a German biologist built the first ____________________.
microtome appendix extrusion

6. It’s not a good idea to ____________________ in a family dispute.

detention protrude intrude

7. Oftentimes, scientific theories are no longer ____________________ due to more

recent discoveries. unobtrusive retentive tenable

8. Our mom considers it an extremely rude ____________________ when we interrupt her

telephone conversations. intrusion extrusion detention

9. We dissected a pig to compare its ____________________ to that of a human.

appendectomy anatomy tenure

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 55-57

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

10. The police held the rioters in ____________________ at the police station until things
calmed down. tmesis extrusion detention

11. Once his twelve year ____________________ was up, the dean of the university had
to retire. tenure detention microtome

12. We could see the lollipop stick ____________________ from the little boy’s mouth.
appendix protrude intrude

13. Squeezing too hard caused a/an ____________________ of toothpaste from the tube.
intrusion extrusion tmesis

14. My ____________________ was removed by means of laser surgery.

microtome extrusion appendix

15. The judge was ____________________ in his ruling and could not be swayed by anyone.
tenacious protrusive tenable

16. Frequently, Greek plays would contain a/an ____________________, such as, “what
man soever.” epitome tmesis appendix

17. If you review the facts carefully, you’ll find that your argument is ____________________.
tenable unobtrusive untenable

18. An ____________________ performed laparoscopically is much less invasive than

conventional surgery. appendectomy anatomy extrusion

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 58

Lesson 58
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
fug flee -al like, related to; an action
or process
phob fear of
-celli small
verm/ worm
vermi -cide kill
vor eat -ia condition
-in thing which; like, related to
-ous having the quality of

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

vermicelli vermivorous vermiphobia vermifugal

verminous vermicide vermin

1. ________________________ feeding on worms

2. ________________________ a substance used to kill worms

3. ________________________ fear of worms

any of various small animals or insects that are pests;

4. ________________________ e.g., cockroaches or rats

5. ________________________
pasta in strings thinner than spaghetti

6. ________________________
of the nature of vermin; very offensive or repulsive

7. ________________________
tending to expel worms

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 58

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. The chef prepared a dish consisting of ____________________ with basil, chicken, and
sun-dried tomatoes. vermin vermicelli vermiphobia

2. The abandoned building was infested with all kinds of ____________________,

especially rats. vermicide vermicelli vermin

3. The ____________________ garbage collecting in the dump station is a health hazard to

the community. verminous vermifugal vermivorous

4. Some people have ____________________, but spiders are what I fear most.
vermicelli vermicide vermiphobia

5. The flood plains of the Netherlands are an important foraging area for several species of
____________________ animals. vermivorous verminous vermifugal

6. The veterinarian treated our dog, Libby, for intestinal parasites with a potent
___________________ medication. vermivorous verminous vermifugal

7. Naphthalene is a commonly used commercial ____________________.

vermin vermicelli vermicide

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 58

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• kill • like, related to; an action • thing which; like, related to

• flee or process • worm
• eat • condition • having the quality of
• small • carve • fear of

1. -ia _________________________________________________________

2. vor _________________________________________________________

3. -al _________________________________________________________

4. fug _________________________________________________________

5. -ous _________________________________________________________

6. verm/vermi _________________________________________________________

7. -celli _________________________________________________________

8. -cide _________________________________________________________

9. phob _________________________________________________________

10. -in _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

vermicelli vermivorous vermiphobia vermifugal

verminous vermicide vermin

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 59

Lesson 59
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
elast expansive -ic like, related to
meter to measure -id like, related to
vics/ sticky ic-ity/
visco state, quality, act
s-ity
-ous having the quality of

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

viscoelasticity viscosity viscometer

viscous viscid elastic

1. ________________________ not free-flowing; thick and sticky

2. ________________________ thickness of a liquid or its resistance to flow

3. ________________________ instrument for measuring viscosity

4. ________________________ stretchable, flexible

5. ________________________
being both viscous and elastic simultaneously

6. ________________________
having the qualities of glue

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 59

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. When I added water to the flour it became a/an ____________________ paste.

elastic viscid viscous

2. The ____________________ of certain asphalt makes it ideal for use in road surfacing,
roofing, and waterproofing. viscoelasticity viscometer viscosoity

3. Diesel fuels are more ____________________ than gasoline.

viscid elastic viscous

4. The plastics industry helps assure the consistency, safety, and durability of their products by
using a ____________________. viscosity viscometer viscoelasticity

5. Cold honey has a much higher ____________________ than water.

viscometer viscosity viscoelasticity

6. It’s common for sportswear to be made of very ____________________ material.

viscous viscid elastic

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 59

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• having the quality of • sticky

• like, related to • state, quality, act
• to measure • expansive
• tending to or performing

1. meter _________________________________________________________

2. -id _________________________________________________________

3. ic-ity/s-ity _________________________________________________________

4. visc/visco _________________________________________________________

5. -ic _________________________________________________________

6. elast _________________________________________________________

7. -ous _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

viscoelasticity viscosity viscometer

viscous viscid elastic

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 60

Lesson 60
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
derma skin -ia condition
graph write, written -ic like, related to
ophthalm eye -y state of, quality, act; body,
phyte plant group
therm heat
xer/xero* dry

*For more information on connecting vowels and combining forms, please see page vi in the Introduction.

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

xerothermic xerophyte xerographic

xerography xerophthalmia xeroderma

method of dry photocopying in which the image is

1. ________________________ transferred by using the forces of electric charges

2. ________________________ of, or pertaining to a hot and dry climactic period

3. ________________________ a plant structurally adapted for growth in dry conditions

4. ________________________ abnormal dryness of the skin (medical)

excessive dryness of the conjunctiva and cornea of the

5. ________________________
eye (medical)

6. ________________________
related to electrophotography or dry photocopying

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 60

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Proper treatment for Kayla’s ____________________ consisted of mega-doses of vitamin A.

xerophthalmia xerography xerophyte

2. In 1960, the Haloid-Xerox Company introduced the first push-button, plain-paper

____________________ office machine. xerophyte xerothermic xerographic

3. About 8,300 years ago, a ____________________ era occurred in the grassland region of
central North America. xerographic exerography xerothermic

4. Fran’s ____________________ caused much itching, scaling, and freckling.

xerophyte xerography xeroderma

5. Variations of ____________________ are used in such devices as laser printers and

plain-paper fax machines. xerography xeroderma xerophthalmia

6. The agave is a ____________________ that thrives well in extreme desert conditions.

xeroderma xerophyte xerography

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 60

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• state of, quality, act; body, group • an action or process

• eye • skin
• dry • heat
• condition • like, related to
• plant • write, written

1. therm _________________________________________________________

2. xer/xero _________________________________________________________

3. -y _________________________________________________________

4. derma _________________________________________________________

5. phyte _________________________________________________________

6. -ia _________________________________________________________

7. graph _________________________________________________________

8. -ic _________________________________________________________

9. ophthalm _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

xerothermic xerophyte xerographic

xerography xerophthalmia xeroderma

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 61

Lesson 61
PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
graph write, written -er one who, that which
phag eat -logy study of, science
phone sound -oid resembling
xyl/xylo* wood -ose having the quality of, a
carbohydrate
-ous having the quality of

*For more information on connecting vowels and combining forms, please see page vi in the Introduction.

A. Spelling and Defining Words

Write each word from the choice box next to its definition.

xyloid xylose xylographer

xylophagous xylology xylophone

1. ________________________ a sugar extracted from wood

2. ________________________ the study of the structure of wood

3. ________________________ one who is skilled in artistic wood carving

4. ________________________ resembling or like wood in nature

5. ________________________
feeding on wood

a musical instrument of flat, wooden bars of different

6. ________________________
lengths that produce notes when hit with sticks

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 61

B. Completing the Sentence

Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Twigs and ____________________ plants were used for toothbrushes many years ago.
xylose xylophagous xyloid

2. Since around 1920, the ____________________ has been equipped with tubular resonators,
essentially making it identical to the marimba. xylose xylophone xylographer

3. In ____________________, students learn to identify different woods and to distinguish real

wood from imitations. xylology xylophone xylose

4. One way to minimize a wood shortage is to protect trees from harmful

____________________ insects. xylose xyloid xylophagous

5. Natural sweeteners like stevia and ____________________ are ideal for diabetics because
they do not raise blood sugar. xylology xylose xylophone

6. The Chinese ____________________ exhibited printings of Buddhist scripture that he had

made from woodcuts. xylographer xylophone xylose

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Word Roots Level 4 Lesson 61

C. Defining the Word Parts

Write the definition from the choice box next to its correct word part.

• wood • study of, science

• one who, that which • write, written
• resembling • having the quality of; a carbohydrate
• eat • sound
• up • having the quality of

1. -oid _________________________________________________________

2. phag _________________________________________________________

3. -ous _________________________________________________________

4. graph _________________________________________________________

5. -er _________________________________________________________

6. xyl/xylo _________________________________________________________

7. phone _________________________________________________________

8. -logy _________________________________________________________

9. -ose _________________________________________________________

D. Writing Sentences
Use a separate sheet of paper to write a sentence for each word in the choice box in context so
that its meaning is clear to the reader.

xyloid xylose xylographer

xylophagous xylology xylophone

E. (optional) Creative Writing

Use some or all of the words from the choice box to write one or more paragraphs or a short story
on a separate piece of paper.

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 58-61

Review
Lessons 58–61
A. Write each word part from the choice box next to its definition.
xer/xero phob -er verm/vermi -al -ose -y ic-ity/s-ity
-in -ous -celli phone fug -age phyte meter
therm -cide xyl/xylo -ic -logy elast visc/visco ophthalm
-oid graph phag vor -ia derm -id

1. ________________________ resembling
2. ________________________ eat
3. ________________________ having the quality of
4. ________________________ write, written
5. ________________________ one who, that which
6. _______________________ wood
7. ________________________ sound
8. ________________________ study of, science
9. ________________________ having the quality of; a carbohydrate
10. ________________________ condition
11. ________________________ eat
12. ________________________ like, related to; an action or process
13. ________________________ flee
14. ________________________ like, related to
15. ________________________ worm
16. ________________________ small
17. ________________________ kill
18. ________________________ fear of
19. ________________________ thing which; like, related to
20. ________________________ heat
21. ________________________ dry
22. ________________________ state of, quality, act; body, group
23. ________________________ skin
24. ________________________ plant
25. ________________________ eye
26. ________________________ to measure
27. ________________________ like, related to
28. ________________________ state, quality, act
29. ________________________ sticky
30. ________________________ expansive
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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 58-61

B. Write the letter of the correct definition for each word.

WORD DEFINITION

1. vermicide _____ a method of dry photocopying in which the image is

transferred by using the forces of electric charges
2. xylose _____
b of, or pertaining to a hot and dry climactic period
3. vermiphobia _____
c a plant structurally adapted for growth in dry
4. xeroderma _____ conditions

5. vermicelli _____ d abnormal dryness of the skin (medical)

6. verminous _____ e dryness of the conjunctiva and cornea of the eye

(medical)
7. vermin _____
f related to electrophotography or dry photocopying
8. xerography _____
g feeding on worms
9. xerophyte _____
h a substance used to kill worms
10. vermivorous _____
i fear of worms
11. xerophthalmia _____
j any of various small animals or insects that are
12. xerographic _____ pests; e.g., cockroaches or rats

13. viscosity _____ k pasta in strings thinner than spaghetti

14. xerothermic _____ l of the nature of vermin; very offensive or repulsive

15. viscous _____ m tending to expel worms

16. elastic _____ n a sugar extracted from wood

17. viscometer _____ o the study of the structure of wood

18. viscid _____ p one who is skilled in artistic wood carving

19. viscoelasticity _____ q resembling or like wood in nature

20. xylology _____ r feeding on wood

21. vermifugal _____ s a musical instrument of flat, wooden bars of different

lengths that produce notes when hit with sticks
22. xyloid _____
t not free-flowing; thick and sticky
23. xylographer _____
u thickness of a liquid or its resistance to flow
24. xylophone _____
v instrument for measuring viscosity
25. xylophagous _____
w stretchable, flexible

x being both viscous and elastic simultaneously

y having the qualities of glue

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 58-61

C. Use the jumbled letters to write the correct word for each definition.
JUMBLED LETTERS DEFINITION WORD

1. rrgoexpayh method of dry photocopying in which the

image is transferred by using the forces of
electric charges __________________
2. mervcedii a substance used to kill worms __________________
3. retyehpox
a plant structurally adapted for growth in
dry conditions __________________

4. nivrme any of various small animals or insects that
are pests; e.g., cockroaches or rats __________________
5. mrsvvruoioe feeding on worms __________________
6. hotererxicm of, or pertaining to a hot and dry climactic period __________________
7. oaibhipremv fear of worms __________________
8. maderroex abnormal dryness of the skin (medical) __________________
9. licelimevr pasta in strings thinner than spaghetti __________________
10. soxyel a sugar extracted from wood __________________
11. lagfirmevu tending to expel worms __________________
12. rehpgarolyx one who is skilled in artistic wood carving __________________
13. cvtssiyoi thickness of a liquid or its resistance to flow __________________
14. gsplyxhauoo feeding on wood __________________
15. lsceati stretchable, flexible __________________

16. minersvuo of the nature of vermin; very offensive
or repulsive __________________
17. gllyyxoo the study of the structure of wood __________________
18. usvosic not free-flowing; thick and sticky __________________
19. oilydx resembling or like wood in nature __________________

20. tomreecsvi instrument for measuring viscosity __________________
21. nooehlpyx a musical instrument of flat, wooden bars of
different lengths that produce notes when hit
with sticks __________________
22. ttycslscvoeaiii being both viscous and elastic simultaneously
__________________
23. haporgcirxe related to electrophotography or
dry photocopying __________________
24. aimrexhoplhat excessive dryness of the conjunctiva and
cornea of the eye (medical) __________________
25. siicdv having the qualities of glue __________________

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 58-61

D. Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

1. Molasses is a liquid, but an extremely ____________________ one.

elastic viscous verminous

2. Thick, fleshy stems or leaves and waxy leaf coatings are the most common characteristic of
a ____________________. xerophyte xylophone viscometer

3. The apartment complex was infested with ____________________ termites.

vermifugal viscid xylophagous

4. The ____________________ of the oil is indicated on every container of motor oil.

viscosity xeroderma viscometer

5. In veterinary medicine, ____________________ is used to test animals for malabsorption.

xerography xylose vermin

6. Usually lava moves slowly and thickly down a volcano, so it must have a/an
____________________ quality. verminous elastic viscid

7. Some ____________________ drugs are toxic and should be given with great care.
vermifugal xyloid xerothermic

8. ____________________ copiers differ in whether they use a liquid or dry toner, and also in the
degree of automation. Xerographic Xylophagous Vermivorous

9. There are many paint manufacturers that use a ____________________ when researching
paints and varnishes. vermicide xerophyte viscometer

10. It was a ____________________ sight to see the blanket completely covered with red ants.
xylophagous verminous viscid

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 58-61

11. ____________________ has made possible the extensive use of wood in the construction,
the airplane, the ship, and the railroad-car building industries.
Xylology Xerography Vermiphobia

12. Certain forms of ____________________ are genetic due to inherited recessive genes.
vermicelli viscoelasticity xeroderma

13. ____________________ is one of the most widely used processes for making enlargements
from microfilm. Xerophthalmia Xerography Xylology

14. Mom is fixing ____________________ with sausage for dinner this evening.
vermicelli xeroderma vermin

15. A popular ____________________ is the watermelon or muskmelon seed.

vermin xerophyte vermicide

16. Various animal species are highly affected when extreme ____________________
conditions occur. xerographic xerothermic vermifugal

17. Some perennial, ____________________ trees and shrubs are the largest and tallest
terrestrial plants. xyloid verminous xerographic

18. The scent of lavender does not cure Amanda’s ____________________, but it does relieve
her anxiety a bit. xeroderma xerophthalmia vermiphobia

19. The pants she’s wearing have a/an ____________________ band.

viscid elastic xyloid

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Word Roots Level 4 Review: Lessons 58-61

D. (continued) Write the best word from the gray box to complete each sentence.

20. If the instrument has metal bars instead of wood, then it is likely a glockenspiel rather than
a ____________________. xylophone viscometer vermicide

21. Metals at very high temperatures display significant ____________________.

viscosity xeroderma viscoelasticity

22. At night we could see ____________________ crawling from the walls of the abandoned
building down the street. vermin xylose vermicelli

23. We thought it was fascinating watching the ____________________ carve various designs
on blocks of wood. viscometer xylographer xylophone

24. Symptoms of ____________________ consist of eye pain, a cloudy cornea, and a decrease
in vision. vermiphobia xeroderma xerophthalmia

25. ____________________ birds are very useful to farmers.

Vermivorous Xylophagous Verminous

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Word Roots Level 4 Answers

Answer Key
Lesson 1 Lesson 3 7. n
A. (p. 1) A. (p. 7) 8. c
1. paradox 1. exculpate 9. b
2. acoustic 2. agony 10. e
3. dogma 3. culpable 11. a
4. acoumeter 4. protagonist 12. o
5. doxolog 5. antagonistic 13. q
6. orthodox 6. inculpate 14. g
15. l
B. (p. 2) B. (p. 8) 16. d
1. orthodox 1. inculpate 17. m
2. paradox 2. antagonistic 18. f
3. Doxology 3. agony
4. acoustic 4. exculpate C. (p. 12)
5. acoumeter 5. protagonist 1. paradox
6. dogma 6. culpable 2. anesthetic
3. dogma
C. (p. 3) C. (p. 9) 4. protagonist
1. to measure 1. one who 5. doxology
2. something done 2. in, into; not 6. aesthete
3. hear 3. able to be 7. exculpate
4. beside, variation 4. struggle 8. agony
5. like, related to 5. out, away, from 9. anesthesia
6. straight, right 6. first, ahead 10. acoustic
7. opinion, praise 7. to make, to act; one who, 11. esthesiometer
8. study of, science that which 12. orthodox
8. against, opposite 13. aesthetic
D. (p. 3) 9. fault, blame 14. inculpate
Sentences will vary. 10. like, related to 15. culpable
11. state of, quality, act; body, 16. acoumeter
E. (p. 3) group 17. antagonistic
Paragraphs will vary. 18. anesthesiologist
D. (p. 9)
Sentences will vary. D. (p. 13-14)
Lesson 2 1. acoustic
A. (p. 4) E. (p. 9) 2. agony
1. anesthesia Paragraphs will vary. 3. anesthesia
2. anesthetic 4. inculpate
3. esthesiometer 5. aesthetic
4. aesthete Review Lessons 1-3 6. anesthetic
5. aesthetic A. (p. 10) 7. orthodox
6. anesthesiologist 1. -olog/-ology 8. culpable
2. an- 9. paradox
B. (p. 5) 3. meter 10. protagonist
1. aesthete 4. -esia 11. dogma
2. aesthetic 5. -ist or -ete 12. anesthesiologist
3. anesthesia 6. -ic/et-ic/st-ic 13. exculpate
4. anesthesiologist 7. -ete or -ist 14. Doxology
5. anesthetic 8. aesth/esth/esthesi/esthesio 15. esthesiometer
6. esthesiometer 9. in- 16. antagonistic
10. -able 17. acoumeter
C. (p. 6) 11. agon 18. aesthete
1. study of, science 12. ex-
2. not, without 13. prot
3. to measure 14. -ate Lesson 4
4. action, process 15. ant- A. (p. 15)
5. one who 16. culp 1. fortitude
6. like, related to 17. -y 2. agora
7. one who 18. -ma 3. fortification
8. feeling, perception, 19. acou 4. comfort
sensation 20. para- 5. agoraphobia
21. ortho 6. ornithophobia
D. (p. 6) 22. dog/dox
Sentences will vary. B. (p. 16)
B. (p. 11) 1. agoraphobia
E. (p. 6) 1. k 2. comfort
Paragraphs will vary. 2. i 3. fortitude
3. h 4. fortification
4. p 5. agora
5. j 6. ornithophobia
6. r

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Word Roots Level 4 Answers

C. (p. 17) C. (p. 23) C. (p. 26)

1. condition 1. thing which 1. anthography
2. strong 2. eat 2. anemometer
3. an action or process 3. one who, that which 3. helianthus
4. fear of 4. state of, quality, act; body, 4. barometer
5. with, together group 5. chrysanthemum
6. bird 5. Earth, ground 6. fortification
7. state, quality, act 6. write, written 7. barometric
8. marketplace, assembly 7. plant 8. anther
8. sun 9. isobaric
9. of, or belonging to 10. agoraphobia
D. (p. 17) 10. flower 11. anemotropism
Sentences will vary. 11. gold, yellow 12. anthophyte
13. anemology
E. (p. 17) D. (p. 23) 14. fortitude
Paragraphs will vary. Sentences will vary. 15. agora
16. geophagy
E. (p. 23) 17. comfort
Lesson 5 Paragraphs will vary. 18. anemophilous
A. (p. 18) 19. ornithophobia
1. barometric
2. anemometer Review Lessons 4-6 D. (p. 27-28)
3. isobaric A. (p. 24) 1. agoraphobia
4. anemophilous 1. -us 2. helianthus
5. anemotropism 2. phag 3. comfort
6. barometer 3. -er 4. barometric
7. anemology 4. -y 5. geophagy
5. geo 6. anther
B. (p. 19) 6. graph 7. anemometer
1. anemology 7. phyte 8. fortitude
2. anemophilous 8. heli 9. agora
3. barometric 9. em-um 10. isobaric
4. anemometer 10. anth/antho 11. anthophyte
5. isobaric 11. chrys 12. anemophilous
6. Anemotropism 12. -ism 13. fortification
7. barometer 13. phil 14. anemotropism
14. -ic 15. ornithophobia
C. (p. 20) 15. anemo 16. barometer
1. a state of being; a quality 16. iso- 17. anemology
or act 17. -ous 18. Anthography
2. love, loving 18. bar/baro 19. chrysanthemum
3. like, related to 19. trop
4. wind 20. -logy
5. equal 21. meter/metr Lesson 7
6. having the quality of 22. -ia A. (p. 29)
7. pressure, weight 23. fort 1. oligarchy
8. turn 24. ific-ation 2. hierocracy
9. study of, science 25. phob 3. hierarch
10. to measure 26. com- 4. archetype
27. ornitho 5. hieroglyphics
D. (p. 20) 28. i-tude 6. hierarchy
Sentences will vary. 29. agora
B. (p. 30)
E. (p. 20) B. (p. 25) 1. archetype
Paragraphs will vary. 1. o 2. hierarchy
2. f 3. Hieroglyphics
3. g 4. hierarch
Lesson 6 4. i 5. oligarchy
A. (p. 21) 5. l 6. Hierocracy
1. anthography 6. b
2. anther 7. c C. (p. 31)
3. helianthus 8. j 1. sacred
4. anthophyte 9. d 2. model, impression
5. chrysanthemum 10. h 3. state of, quality, act; body,
6. geophagy 11. r group
12. e 4. few
B. (p. 22) 13. s 5. carve
1. anthophyte 14. p 6. government, rule
2. Geophagy 15. a 7. science, system, related to
3. anther 16. n 8. first, chief, rule
4. chrysanthemum 17. q
5. anthography 18. k D. (p. 31)
6. helianthus 19. m Sentences will vary.

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Word Roots Level 4 Answers

E. (p. 31) E. (p. 37) D. (p. 41-42)

Paragraphs will vary. Paragraphs will vary. 1. antithesis
2. oligarchy
3. exasperation
Lesson 8 Review Lessons 7-9 4. hierocracy
A. (p. 32) A. (p. 38) 5. coarctate
1. coarctate 1. id-ity, ul-ence, or -ance 6. perturbation
2. antithesis 2. ex- 7. hierarch
3. thesis 3. turb 8. turbulence
4. aortarctia 4. -ance, id-ity, or ul-ence 9. asperity
5. antithetic 5. asper 10. archetype
6. coarctation 6. hier/hiero 11. thesis
7. type 12. turbine
B. (p. 33) 8. -y 13. coarctation
1. thesis 9. olig 14. Hieroglyphics
2. antithetic 10. glyph 15. hierarchy
3. coarctate 11. crac 16. disturbance
4. antithesis 12. -ics 17. antithetic
5. coarctation 13. arch/arche 18. turbidity
6. aortarctia 14. dis- 19. aortarctia
15. -ine
C. (p. 34) 16. -ation
1. to place, to put 17. thes/thet Lesson 10
2. thing which 18. -is A. (p. 43)
3. with, together 19. co- 1. branchial
4. to make, to act; one who, 20. -ate 2. platypus
that which 21. aort 3. abranchiate
5. lift, raise 22. anti- 4. platyrrhine
6. against, opposite 23. -ic 5. platyhelminth
7. an action or process 24. arct 6. branchiopod
8. like, related to 25. -ia
9. to press together 26. per- B. (p. 44)
10. condition 27. ul-ence, id-ity, or -ance 1. platyhelminth
2. platypus
D. (p. 34) B. (p. 39) 3. platyrrhine
Sentences will vary. 1. l 4. branchial
2. j 5. branchiopod
E. (p. 34) 3. k 6. abranchiate
Paragraphs will vary. 4. q
5. e C. (p. 45)
6. m 1. flat, broad
Lesson 9 7. i 2. to make, to act; one who,
A. (p. 35) 8. o that which
1. exasperation 9. g 3. worm
2. turbulence 10. b 4. away, from; not, without
3. asperity 11. c 5. nose
4. disturbance 12. a 6. like, related to; an action or
5. perturbation 13. f process
6. turbidity 14. s 7. foot
7. turbine 15. h 8. gill
16. r
B. (p. 36) 17. d D. (p. 45)
1. turbulence 18. p Sentences will vary.
2. disturbance 19. n
3. perturbation E. (p. 45)
4. turbine C. (p. 40) Paragraphs will vary.
5. exasperation 1. oligarchy
6. asperity 2. hierocracy
7. turbidity 3. exasperation Lesson 11
4. antithesis A. (p. 46)
C. (p. 37) 5. asperity 1. incantation
1. state, quality, act 6. aortarctia 2. recantation
2. out, away, from 7. perturbation 3. cantillation
3. commotion, agitation 8. coarctation 4. canticle
4. state, quality, act 9. turbine 5. cantatrice
5. rough 10. hierarch 6. descant
6. apart, opposite of 11. archetype
7. thing which; like, related to 12. coarctate B. (p. 47)
8. an action or process 13. turbulence 1. canticle
9. through, very 14. thesis 2. descant
10. state, quality, act 15. disturbance 3. incantation
16. antithetic 4. recantation
D. (p. 37) 17. turbidity 5. Cantillation
Sentences will vary. 18. hieroglyphics 6. cantatrice
19. hierarchy

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Word Roots Level 4 Answers

C. (p. 48) 17. helminth Lesson 13

1. small 18. rrhine A. (p. 57)
2. back, again 19. -al 1. percussion
3. song 20. pod/pus 2. cincture
4. an action or process 21. branchi/branchio 3. concussion
5. from, away, down, apart, 22. -ous 4. precinct
not 23. -ology 5. repercussions
6. feminine 24. des- 6. succinctness
7. in, into; not 25. a-trice
26. in- B. (p. 58)
D. (p. 48) 1. concussion
Sentences will vary. B. (p. 53) 2. precinct
1. e 3. succinctness
E. (p. 48) 2. i 4. percussion
Paragraphs will vary. 3. j 5. repercussions
4. h 6. cincture
5. a
Lesson 12 6. s C. (p. 59)
A. (p. 49) 7. m 1. strike, shake
1. dimorphic 8. d 2. below, under
2. cephalic 9. b 3. state, quality, act; that
3. morphology 10. c which; process, condition
4. metamorphosis 11. q 4. with, together
5. amorphous 12. l 5. state, quality
6. encephalitis 13. g 6. back, again
7. cephalothorax 14. p 7. bind, border, surround
15. r 8. before
B. (p. 50) 16. n 9. an action or process; state,
1. morphology 17. k quality, act
2. amorphous 18. o 10. through, very
3. dimorphic 19. f
4. encephalitis D. (p. 59)
5. cephalic C. (p. 54) Sentences will vary.
6. Cephalothorax 1. branchial
7. metamorphosis 2. cephalic E. (p. 59)
3. abranchiate Paragraphs will vary.
C. (p. 51) 4. metamorphosis
1. condition 5. incantation
2. form 6. encephalitis Lesson 14
3. two 7. cantillation A. (p. 60)
4. like, related to 8. platyhelminth 1. kinetic
5. chest 9. cantatrice 2. anesthekinesia
6. away, from; not, without 10. descant 3. kinesthesis
7. in, into 11. dimorphic 4. cinematography
8. inflammation 12. platypus 5. kinesiology
9. head, brain 13. morphology 6. cinematization
10. beyond, change 14. platyrrhine 7. cinematic
11. having the quality of 15. amorphous
12. study of, science 16. recantation B. (p. 61)
17. cephalothorax 1. cinematization
D. (p. 51) 18. canticle 2. kinesiology
Sentences will vary. 19. branchiopod 3. cinematic
4. kinetic
E. (p. 51) D. (p. 55-56) 5. anesthekinesia
Paragraphs will vary. 1. metamorphosis 6. cinematography
2. incantation 7. Kinesthesis
3. Platyrrhine
Review Lessons 10-12 4. branchial C. (p. 62)
A. (p. 52) 5. descant 1. like, related to
1. i-cle 6. Dimorphic 2. write, written
2. re- 7. platypus 3. an action or process
3. cant 8. recantation 4. feeling, perception,
4. -ation/ill-ation 9. cephalic sensation
5. -osis 10. cantillation 5. state of, quality, act; body,
6. morph 11. abranchiate group
7. di- 12. morphology 6. not, without
8. -ic 13. canticle 7. action, process
9. thorax 14. amorphous 8. motion
10. a- 15. Encephalitis 9. action, process
11. en- 16. cantatrice 10. study of, science
12. -itis 17. cephalothorax
13. cephal/cephalo 18. platyhelminth D. (p. 62)
14. meta- 19. branchiopod Sentences will vary.
15. platy
16. -ate

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Word Roots Level 4 Answers

E. (p. 62) 7. b 4. away, from; not, without

Paragraphs will vary. 8. k 5. glue, gelatinous
9. a 6. pulse
10. e 7. cause, birth, race, produce
Lesson 15 11. h 8. state, quality, act
A. (p. 63) 12. p 9. gas
1. incombustible 13. o 10. resembling
2. incinerator 14. r 11. an action or process
3. combustion 15. m
4. cinerary 16. l D. (p. 73)
5. combustible 17. d Sentences will vary.
18. n
B. (p. 64) E. (p. 73)
1. incinerator C. (p. 68) Paragraphs will vary.
2. cinerary 1. incombustible
3. incombustible 2. anesthekinesia
4. combustible 3. combustion Lesson 17
5. combustion 4. cincture A. (p. 74)
5. combustible 1. cryophilic
C. (p. 65) 6. kinetic 2. crystalline
1. state, quality, act 7. incinerator 3. cryoscopy
2. ash 8. kinesthesis 4. cryogenics
3. that which; someone or 9. percussion 5. cryotherapy
something that belongs to; 10. cinerary
of, related to; one who 11. concussion B. (p. 75)
4. in, into; not 12. kinesiology 1. cryophilic
5. one who, that which; 13. repercussions 2. Cryogenics
condition, state, activity 14. cinematic 3. crystalline
6. burn up 15. cinematography 4. Cryotherapy
7. able to be 16. precinct 5. cryoscopy
17. cinematization
D. (p. 65) 18. succinctness C. (p. 76)
Sentences will vary. 1. like, related to
D. (p. 69-70) 2. treatment
E. (p. 65) 1. combustion 3. cold
Paragraphs will vary. 2. Percussion 4. like, related to
3. cinematic 5. look at, view, examine
4. incombustible 6. state of, quality, act; body,
Review Lessons 13-15 5. kinesthesis group
A. (p. 66) 6. precinct 7. crystal
1. -ic/et-ic 7. combustible 8. love, loving
2. graph 8. kinetic 9. science, related to, system
3. iz-ation 9. succinctness 10. cause, birth, race, produce
4. esth/esthe 10. cinematization
5. cuss 11. incinerator D. (p. 76)
6. suc- 12. anesthekinesia Sentences will vary.
7. -ure 13. cinerary
8. con- 14. kinesiology E. (p. 76)
9. -ness 15. cincture Paragraphs will vary.
10. re- 16. concussion
11. cinct 17. Cinematography
12. pre- 18. repercussions Lesson 18
13. -ion/-ions A. (p. 77)
14. per- 1. dactylology
15. -y Lesson 16 2. dactylogram
16. an- A. (p. 71) 3. dactylioglyph
17. -esis 1. asphyxiation 4. pterodactyl
18. -tion 2. collage 5. dactyloscopy
19. ciner 3. sphygmic
20. -ary 4. colloid B. (p. 78)
21. in- 5. sphygmomanometer 1. dactylioglyph
22. at-or 6. collagenous 2. dactylogram
23. combus 3. Dactyloscopy
24. t-ible B. (p. 72) 4. dactylology
25. cinemat/cinemato/kin 1. sphygmomanometer 5. pterodactyl
26. -esia 2. colloid
27. esi-olog 3. Asphyxiation C. (p. 79)
4. Collagenous 1. write, written
B. (p. 67) 5. sphygmic 2. look at, view, examine
1. i 6. collage 3. state of, quality, act; body,
2. g group
3. f C. (p. 73) 4. wing, feather
4. q 1. like, related to 5. study of, science
5. j 2. to measure 6. carve
6. c 3. having the quality of 7. finger, toe

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Word Roots Level 4 Answers

D. (p. 79) 6. Collagenous 10. stone

Sentences will vary. 7. sphygmomanometer
E. (p. 79) 8. dactylogram D. (p. 90)
Paragraphs will vary. 9. pterodactyl Sentences will vary.
10. colloid
11. crystalline E. (p. 90)
Review Lessons 16-18 12. dactylioglyph Paragraphs will vary.
A. (p. 80) 13. sphygmic
1. all-ine or -ic 14. cryogenics
2. therap 15. dactyloscopy Lesson 21
3. cryo 16. Cryoscopy A. (p. 91)
4. -ic or all-ine 1. ergometer
5. gram 2. metallurgy
6. scop Lesson 19 3. ergophobia
7. -y A. (p. 85) 4. pyrometallurgy
8. ptero 1. echolocation 5. ergonomics
9. -logy 2. echocardiogram
10. glyph 3. echoic B. (p. 92)
11. dactyl/dactylio/dactylo 4. echolalia 1. ergonomics
12. meter 5. anechoic 2. Pyrometallurgy
13. -ous 3. ergometer
14. a- B. (p. 86) 4. ergophobia
15. colla 1. anechoic 5. metallurgy
16. sphygm/sphygmo/sphyx 2. echolocation
17. gen 3. Echolalia C. (p. 93)
18. -age 4. echoic 1. to measure
19. mano 5. echocardiogram 2. work, power
20. -oid 3. condition
21. i-ation C. (p. 87) 4. metal, mine
22. cryst 1. talk, babble 5. fire, heat
23. phil 2. like, related to 6. science, related to, system
24. -ics 3. sound 7. name, law, custom, order
4. not, without 8. state of, quality, act; body,
B. (p. 81) 5. condition group
1. k 6. heart 9. fear of
2. m 7. place
3. g 8. an action or process; state, D. (p. 93)
4. n quality, act Sentences will vary.
5. l 9. write, written
6. i E. (p. 93)
7. c D. (p. 87) Paragraphs will vary.
8. o Sentences will vary.
9. f
10. p E. (p. 87) Review Lessons 19-21
11. a Paragraphs will vary. A. (p. 94)
12. e 1. paleo
13. b 2. -y
14. d Lesson 20 3. eo
15. h A. (p. 88) 4. sphere
16. j 1. lithosphere 5. -ic
2. Paleolithic 6. anthrop
C. (p. 82) 3. Eoanthropus 7. -us
1. dactylology 4. eolith 8. -cene
2. collage 5. lithography 9. graph or gram
3. dactylioglyph 6. Eocene 10. lith/litho
4. asphyxiation 11. meter
5. dactylogram B. (p. 89) 12. ergo/urg
6. sphygmic 1. eolith 13. -ia
7. crystalline 2. lithography 14. metall
8. sphygmomanometer 3. Paleolithic 15. lal
9. cryophilic 4. Eoanthropus 16. echo
10. colloid 5. lithosphere 17. an-
11. cryoscopy 6. Eocene 18. cardio
12. dactyloscopy 19. locat
13. cryotherapy C. (p. 90) 20. -ion
14. collagenous 1. ancient, old 21. gram or graph
15. pterodactyl 2. state of, quality, act; body, 22. pyro
16. cryogenics group 23. -ics
3. dawn, early 24. nom
D. (p. 83-84) 4. ball 25. phob
1. Cryotherapy 5. like, related to
2. asphyxiation 6. mankind, man B. (p. 95)
3. collage 7. thing which 1. i
4. dactylology 8. new, recent 2. g
5. cryophilic 9. write, written 3. h

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Word Roots Level 4 Answers

4. n D. (p. 101) 7. an action or process

5. l Sentences will vary. 8. in, into; not
6. j 9. back, again
7. b E. (p. 101)
8. c Paragraphs will vary. D. (p. 107)
9. a Sentences will vary.
10. f
11. o Lesson 23 E. (p. 107)
12. e A. (p. 102) Paragraphs will vary.
13. p 1. hypertrophy
14. d 2. felicity
15. k 3. atrophy Review Lessons 22-24
16. m 4. infelicitous A. (p. 108)
5. dystrophy 1. flu/fluc/flux
C. (p. 96) 6. felicitation 2. -ent
1. echolocation 7. trophic 3. af-
2. ergometer 4. i-al
3. Paleolithic B. (p. 103) 5. -ence/-ency or -ic
4. ergophobia 1. felicity 6. -ity
5. eolith 2. hypertrophy 7. in-
6. ergonomics 3. atrophy 8. troph
7. echocardiogram 4. infelicitous 9. a-
8. lithosphere 5. dystroph 10. it-ation
9. metallurgy 6. felicitation 11. dys-
10. Eoanthropus 7. trophic 12. calypt
11. pyrometallurgy 13. eu-
12. lithography C. (p. 104) 14. -ia
13. echolalia 1. state, quality, act 15. peps/pept
14. echoic 2. in, into; not 16. re-
15. Eocene 3. nourish 17. -us
16. anechoic 4. away, from; not, without 18. -ide
5. an action or process 19. phor
D. (p. 97-98) 6. bad, badly 20. felic
1. Echolalia 7. pleasing, happy, suitable 21. -ic or -ence/-ency
2. metallurgy 8. like, related to 22. hyper-
3. ergophobia 9. over, above 23. -y
4. echolocation 10. state of, quality, act; body 24. it-ous
5. lithosphere group 25. ef-
6. Eocene 11. having the quality of 26. tu-ation
7. ergometer
8. lithography D. (p. 104) B. (p. 109)
9. Paleolithic Sentences will vary. 1. i
10. echocardiogram 2. b
11. echoic E. (p. 104) 3. h
12. eolith Paragraphs will vary. 4. g
13. anechoic 5. f
14. Eoanthropus 6. e
15. ergonomics Lesson 24 7. d
16. Pyrometallurgy A. (p. 105) 8. c
1. affluence 9. a
2. fluctuation 10. s
Lesson 22 3. fluency 11. r
A. (p. 99) 4. influential 12. p
1. euphoria 5. influx 13. q
2. eucalyptus 6. reflux 14. o
3. dyspepsia 7. effluent 15. n
4. peptide 16. l
5. eupepsia B. (p. 106) 17. m
1. influx 18. k
B. (p. 100) 2. effluent 19. j
1. euphoria 3. affluence
2. Peptide 4. Fluctuation C. (p. 110)
3. dyspepsia 5. influential 1. affluence
4. eupepsia 6. fluency 2. peptide
5. eucalyptus 7. reflux 3. fluency
4. infelicitous
C. (p. 101) C. (p. 107) 5. influx
1. hidden, covered 1. flowing 6. felicity
2. good, well 2. one who, that which; like, 7. effluent
3. condition related to 8. hypertrophy
4. digest 3. to, toward, against 9. reflux
5. bad, badly 4. like, related to; an action or 10. atrophy
6. thing which process 11. influential
7. thing belonging to 5. state, quality, act 12. dystrophy
8. bear, produce 6. out 13. eucalyptus

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Word Roots Level 4 Answers

14. trophic B. (p. 117) 15. -ist

15. euphoria 1. glacier 16. i-olog/i-ology
16. felicitation 2. glaciologist 17. i-ation
17. dyspepsia 3. glaciarium 18. de-
18. fluctuation 4. deglaciation 19. i-arium
19. eupepsia 5. glaciology 20. glac
6. glaciation 21. -ier
D. (p. 111-112) 22. i-ferous
1. felicitation C. (p. 118) 23. -itis
2. eucalyptus 1. study of, science 24. gloss/glosso/glot/glott
3. hypertrophy 2. an action or process
4. affluence 3. from, away, down, apart, B. (p. 123)
5. effluent not 1. g
6. Dyspepsia 4. place where 2. j
7. infelicitous 5. ice 3. c
8. fluctuation 6. that which 4. o
9. peptide 7. one who 5. n
10. trophic 6. m
11. fluency D. (p. 118) 7. a
12. reflux Sentences will vary. 8. l
13. eupepsia 9. q
14. dystrophy E. (p. 118) 10. b
15. euphoria Paragraphs will vary. 11. p
16. felicity 12. h
17. influential 13. f
18. atrophy Lesson 27 14. e
19. influx A. (p. 119) 15. d
1. polyglot 16. k
2. glossary 17. i
Lesson 25 3. glossitis
A. (p. 113) 4. epiglottis C. (p. 124)
1. somnambulist 5. glossolalia 1. polyglot
2. foliose 2. glaciation
3. somniferous B. (p. 120) 3. glossitis
4. ambulatory 1. glossolalia 4. ambulatory
5. insomniac 2. polyglot 5. glossolalia
6. foliage 3. glossary 6. somnambulist
4. epiglottis 7. glacier
B. (p. 114) 5. glossitis 8. somniferous
1. insomniac 9. epiglottis
2. ambulatory C. (p. 121) 10. insomniac
3. somnambulist 1. talk, babble 11. glaciology
4. foliose 2. thing which 12. glaciarium
5. foliage 3. many 13. foliage
6. somniferous 4. on, outside 14. deglaciation
5. that which; someone or 15. foliose
C. (p. 115) something that belongs to; 16. glaciologist
1. state, quality, act of, related to; one who 17. glossary
2. leaf 6. condition
3. in, into; not 7. inflammation D. (p. 125-126)
4. like, having the quality of 8. language, tongue 1. ambulatory
5. walk 2. polyglot
6. one who; related to, D. (p. 121) 3. glaciarium
pertaining to Sentences will vary. 4. somnambulist
7. sleep 5. glossary
8. having the quality of, a E. (p. 121) 6. glaciology
carbohydrate Paragraphs will vary. 7. foliose
9. one who 8. somniferous
10. producing 9. glossitis
Review Lessons 25-27 10. deglaciation
D. (p. 115) A. (p. 122) 11. glacier
Sentences will vary. 1. lal 12. epiglottis
2. -is 13. Glaciologist
E. (p. 115) 3. poly 14. glossolalia
Paragraphs will vary. 4. epi- 15. insomniac
5. -ary 16. glaciation
6. -ia 17. foliage
Lesson 26 7. -age
A. (p. 116) 8. foli
1. glaciarium 9. in- Lesson 28
2. glaciology 10. at-ory A. (p. 127)
3. deglaciation 11. ambul 1. tumultuous
4. glacier 12. i-ac 2. congregation
5. glaciologist 13. somn 3. gregarious
6. glaciation 14. -ose 4. tumorigenic

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Word Roots Level 4 Answers

5. contumacious 4. narcohypnia 17. j

6. tumescence 5. hypnophobia
C. (p. 138)
B. (p. 128) B. (p. 134) 1. tumultuous
1. contumacious 1. Hypnotherapy 2. contumacious
2. tumultuous 2. hypnophobia 3. gregarious
3. gregarious 3. hypnotist 4. stationary
4. tumescence 4. hypnosis 5. hypnotherapy
5. congregation 5. narcohypnia 6. holocaust
6. tumorigenic 7. narcohypnia
C. (p. 135) 8. ecstasy
C. (p. 129) 1. condition 9. holistic
1. like, related to 2. sleep 10. tumorigenic
2. with, together 3. one who 11. hypnotist
3. herd, flock 4. fear of 12. hologram
4. having the quality of 5. condition 13. hypnosis
5. of, related to 6. treatment 14. statistics
6. cause, birth, race, produce 7. state of, quality, act; body, 15. hypnophobia
7. growing group 16. congregation
8. swell 8. numbness, stupor 17. tumescence
9. an action or process
10. having the quality of D. (p. 135) D. (p. 139-140)
Sentences will vary. 1. gregarious
D. (p. 129) 2. Hypnosis
Sentences will vary. E. (p. 135) 3. tumultuous
Paragraphs will vary. 4. hypnotist
E. (p. 129) 5. Holistic
Paragraphs will vary. 6. hypnophobia
Review Lessons 28-30 7. stationary
A. (p. 136) 8. congregation
Lesson 29 1. -ic or ist-ic 9. ecstasy
A. (p. 130) 2. con- 10. hologram
1. stationary 3. greg 11. hypnotherapy
2. hologram 4. ult-uous or -acious 12. tumorigenic
3. holocaust 5. -arious 13. holocaust
4. statistics 6. gen 14. narcohypnia
5. ecstasy 7. -escence 15. contumacious
6. holistic 8. tum/tumori 16. tumescence
9. -ation 17. Statistics
B. (p. 131) 10. -acious or ult-uous
1. ecstasy 11. stas/stat/statis
2. stationary 12. -ion Lesson 31
3. statistics 13. caust A. (p. 141)
4. holistic 14. -ary 1. ichthyolite
5. hologram 15. ec- 2. ichthyosis
6. holocaust 16. gram 3. ichthyology
17. ist-ic or -ic 4. ichthyosaur
C. (p. 132) 18. -y 5. ichthyofauna
1. standing still 19. hol/holo
2. an action or process; state, 20. t-ics B. (p. 142)
quality, act 21. -osis or -ia 1. ichthyology
3. burn 22. hypn/hypno 2. ichthyofauna
4. that which; someone or 23. t-ist 3. ichthyolite
something that belongs to; 24. phob 4. ichthyosis
of, related to; one who 25. -ia or -osis 5. ichthyosaur
5. out 26. therap
6. write, written 27. narco C. (p. 143)
7. like, related to 1. study of, science
8. state of, quality, act; body, B. (p. 137) 2. lizard
group 1. d 3. condition
9. entire, whole 2. h 4. fish
10. science, related to, system 3. l 5. stone
4. a 6. animal life
D. (p. 132) 5. k
Sentences will vary. 6. p D. (p. 143)
7. o Sentences will vary.
E. (p. 132) 8. b
Paragraphs will vary. 9. m E. (p. 143)
10. q Paragraphs will vary.
11. e
Lesson 30 12. c
A. (p. 133) 13. i Lesson 32
1. hypnotist 14. n A. (p. 144)
2. hypnotherapy 15. g 1. expurgate
3. hypnosis 16. f 2. ablution

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Word Roots Level 4 Answers

3. lavatory 3. fic-ation 11. ichthyology

4. deluge 4. -ity, -tude, -tion, or -ence/ 12. ichthyosaur
5. purge fic-ence 13. purge
6. purity 5. anim 14. magniloquence
7. dilution 6. lav/lu/luge 15. purity
7. ex- 16. dilution
B. (p. 145) 8. -tion, -tude, -ity, or -ence/ 17. ichthyofauna
1. purge fic-ence 18. magnanimity
2. lavatory 9. ab-
3. dilution 10. at-ory
4. expurgate 11. fauna Lesson 34
5. ablution 12. di- A. (p. 155)
6. deluge 13. pur/purg/purge 1. mediation
7. purity 14. de- 2. intermediary
15. -ate 3. median
C. (p. 146) 16. magn/magni 4. mediterranean
1. wash, bathe 17. -ence/fic-ence-tude, -ity, 5. intermediate
2. out, away, from or -tion 6. medieval
3. state, quality, act 18. -logy
4. away, from 19. saur B. (p. 156)
5. place where 20. -osis 1. intermediary
6. state, quality, act 21. ichthy/ichthyo 2. medieval
7. apart, away, not 22. -lite 3. mediation
8. clean 4. intermediate
9. to make, to act; one who, B. (p. 151) 5. mediterranean
that which 1. c 6. median
10. from, away, down, apart, not 2. e
3. a C. (p. 157)
D. (p. 146) 4. g 1. to make, to act; one who,
Sentences will vary. 5. b that which
6. n 2. half, halfway between,
E. (p. 146) 7. d middle
Paragraphs will vary. 8. r 3. age, time
9. o 4. like, related to; an action or
10. q process
Lesson 33 11. p 5. an action or process
A. (p. 147) 12. m 6. between, among
1. magnate 13. l 7. like, related to
2. magnification 14. f 8. land; Earth
3. magnitude 15. i 9. that which; someone or
4. magnificence 16. k something that belongs to;
5. magniloquence 17. j of, related to; one who
6. magnanimity 18. h 10. having the quality of
B. (p. 148) C. (p. 152) D. (p. 157)
1. magnanimity 1. ichthyolite Sentences will vary.
2. magnitude 2. magnanimity
3. magnate 3. ichthyology E. (p. 157)
4. magnification 4. deluge Paragraphs will vary.
5. magnificence 5. expurgate
6. magniloquence 6. magnificence
7. lavatory Lesson 35
C. (p. 149) 8. ichthyosaur A. (p. 158)
1. state, quality, act 9. purge 1. melanoma
2. speak 10. magnification 2. amnesia
3. an action or process 11. dilution 3. mnemonic
4. state, quality, act 12. ichthyofauna 4. cryptomnesia
5. spirit, life 13. magnate 5. amnesty
6. to make, to act, one who, 14. purity 6. melanin
that which 15. magnitude
7. great, large 16. ablution B. (p. 159)
8. state, quality, act 17. magniloquence 1. Cryptomnesia
18. ichthyosis 2. melanin
D. (p. 149) 3. melanoma
Sentences will vary. D. (p. 153-154) 4. mnemonic
1. magnificence 5. amnesia
E. (p. 149) 2. ichthyosis 6. amnesty
Paragraphs will vary. 3. expurgate
4. magnate C. (p. 160)
5. ablution 1. remember, memory
Review Lessons 31-33 6. ichthyolite 2. growth, tumor
A. (p. 150) 7. magnification 3. away, from; not, without
1. -tude, -ity, -tion, or -ence/ 8. lavatory 4. hidden
fic-ence 9. magnitude 5. condition
2. loqu 10. deluge 6. thing which, like, related to

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Word Roots Level 4 Answers

7. state of, quality, act; body, 5. n 6. intense craving

group 6. m 7. thing which
8. like, related to 7. a 8. with, together
9. black, dark 8. b 9. numbness, stupor
D. (p. 160) 9. o
Sentences will vary. 10. p D. (p. 171)
11. d Sentences will vary.
E. (p. 160) 12. q
Paragraphs will vary. 13. f E. (p. 171)
14. e Paragraphs will vary.
15. i
Lesson 36 16. j
A. (p. 161) 17. l Lesson 38
1. mollescence A. (p. 172)
2. mollusk C. (p. 166) 1. orthodontics
3. emollient 1. medieval 2. orthopedist
4. molluscacide 2. intermediary 3. orthodox
5. mollification 3. cryptomnesia 4. orthotics
4. mediterranean 5. orthoscopic
B. (p. 162) 5. mollescence 6. orthography
1. molluscacide 6. amnesia
2. mollification 7. emollient B. (p. 173)
3. mollescence 8. melanin 1. orthopedist
4. mollusk 9. mollification 2. orthography
5. emollient 10. melanoma 3. orthodontics
11. mollusk 4. orthoscopic
C. (p. 163) 12. mnemonic 5. Orthotics
1. kill 13. median 6. orthodox
2. out, away, from 14. amnesty
3. growing, growth 15. molluscacide C. (p. 174)
4. soft 16. intermediate 1. child
5. an action or process 17. mediation 2. teeth
6. one who, that which; like, 3. state of, quality, act; body,
related to D. (p. 167-168) group
1. melanin 4. opinion, praise
D. (p. 163) 2. mollification 5. like, related to
Sentences will vary. 3. mediation 6. look at, view, examine
4. molluscacide 7. straight, right
E. (p. 163) 5. Melanoma 8. science, related to, system
Paragraphs will vary. 6. intermediary 9. write, written
7. mollescence 10. one who
8. median
Review Lessons 34-36 9. medieval D. (p. 174)
A. (p. 164) 10. amnesia Sentences will vary.
1. -ate 11. mollusk
2. medi 12. mnemonic E. (p. 174)
3. ev 13. emollient Paragraphs will vary.
4. -al 14. mediterranean
5. -ation or ific-ation 15. cryptomnesia
6. inter- 16. intermediate Lesson 39
7. -an or on-ic 17. amnesty A. (p. 175)
8. terr 1. dioxide
9. -ary 2. paroxysm
10. -anean Lesson 37 3. antioxidant
11. usca-cide A. (p. 169) 4. peroxide
12. e- 1. narcosis 5. oxymoron
13. -escence 2. narcomania 6. oxygenation
14. moll/mollusk 3. narcotic
15. ific-ation or -ation 4. narcolepsy B. (p. 176)
16. i-ent 5. narcosynthesis 1. peroxide
17. mnem/mnes 2. oxymoron
18. -oma B. (p. 170) 3. paroxysm
19. a- 1. narcotic 4. dioxide
20. crypto 2. narcolepsy 5. oxygenation
21. -ia 3. narcosis 6. antioxidant
22. -in 4. Narcosynthesis
23. t-y 5. narcomania C. (p. 177)
24. on-ic or -an 1. thing belonging to
25. melan C. (p. 171) 2. through, very
1. to place, to put 3. sharp, acid, acute
B. (p. 165) 2. state of, quality act; body, 4. two
1. g group 5. quality, state
2. h 3. take, seize 6. stupid
3. c 4. like, related to 7. against, opposite
4. k 5. condition 8. cause, birth, race, produce

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Word Roots Level 4 Answers

9. beside, variation 14. orthoscopic B. (p. 187)

10. one who, that which, state, 15. narcosis 1. impending
quality 16. oxymoron 2. pensive
11. an action or process 17. paroxysm 3. pendulous
D. (p. 177) 4. appendage
Sentences will vary. D. (p. 181-182) 5. pendant
1. narcolepsy 6. suspension
E. (p. 177) 2. antioxidant
Paragraphs will vary. 3. oxymoron C. (p. 188)
4. orthography 1. tending to or performing
5. narcosis 2. in, into; not
Review Lessons 37-39 6. orthodontics 3. state, quality, act
A. (p. 178) 7. dioxide 4. hang, weigh
1. -ide 8. narcomania 5. to, toward, against
2. per- 9. orthopedist 6. an action or process; state,
3. ox/oxy/oxysm 10. paroxysm quality, act
4. di- 11. narcotic 7. related to
5. -on 12. orthodox 8. up
6. mor 13. peroxide 9. one who, that which; state,
7. anti- 14. orthotics quality
8. gen 15. oxygenation 10. having the quality of
9. par- 16. narcosynthesis
10. id-ant 17. orthoscopic D. (p. 188)
11. -ation Sentences will vary.
12. ped

13. dont Lesson 40 E. (p. 188)
14. -y A. (p. 183) Paragraphs will vary.
15. dox 1. patriarchal
16. scop 2. paternal
17. ortho 3. expatriate Lesson 42
18. t-ics 4. patricide A. (p. 189)
19. graph 5. paternity 1. petroleum
20. -ist 6. repatriation 2. petroglyph
21. thes 7. patrimony 3. petrology
22. leps 4. petrographic
23. -ic/t-ic B. (p. 184) 5. petroliferous
24. -osis 1. paternity
25. mania 2. expatriate B. (p. 190)
26. -is 3. patricide 1. petroglyph
27. syn- 4. paternal 2. petrographic
28. narc/narco 5. repatriation 3. petroliferous
6. patrimony 4. petroleum
B. (p. 179) 7. patriarchal 5. petrology
1. g
2. n C. (p. 185) C. (p. 191)
3. k 1. kill 1. producing
4. j 2. out, away, from 2. carve
5. o 3. to make, to act, one who, 3. that which
6. h that which 4. rock
7. a 4. father 5. like, related to
8. f 5. state, quality, that which 6. write, written
9. l 6. an action or process 7. study of, science
10. d 7. back, again
11. c 8. like, related to; an action or D. (p. 191)
12. i process Sentences will vary.
13. q 9. first, chief, rule
14. b 10. state, quality, act E. (p. 191)
15. e Paragraphs will vary.
16. p D. (p. 185)
17. m Sentences will vary.
Review Lessons 40-42
C. (p. 180) E. (p. 185) A. (p. 192)
1. dioxide Paragraphs will vary. 1. li-ferous
2. oxygenation 2. glyph
3. orthotics 3. l-eum
4. orthography Lesson 41 4. petr/petro
5. orthodontics A. (p. 186) 5. -ic
6. narcotic 1. pensive 6. graph
7. orthopedist 2. suspension 7. -logy
8. narcosynthesis 3. pendant 8. -cide
9. peroxide 4. impending 9. ex-
10. narcomania 5. pendulous 10. -ate
11. narcolepsy 6. appendage 11. pater/patri
12. orthodox 12. -mony
13. antioxidant 13. -ation

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Word Roots Level 4 Answers

14. re- Lesson 43 Lesson 45

15. n-al A. (p. 197) A. (p. 203)
16. arch 1. esophagotomy 1. phytophagous
17. n-ity 2. ichthyophagous 2. phytology
18. -ive 3. xerophagy 3. phytochrome
19. im- 4. sarcophagus 4. cryophyte
20. -age 5. anthropophagous 5. phytomorphic
21. pend/pens 6. esophagus 6. phytotherapy
22. ap- 7. phyllophagous 7. phytopathogen
23. -ion
24. -ing B. (p. 198) B. (p. 204)
25. sus- 1. anthropophagous 1. phytomorphic
26. -ant 2. phyllophagous 2. phytotherapy
27. -ulous 3. sarcophagus 3. phytopathogen
4. esophagotomy 4. phytology
B. (p. 193) 5. ichthyophagous 5. phytophagous
1. j 6. Xerophagy 6. cryophyte
2. h 7. esophagus 7. Phytochrome
3. o
4. f C. (p. 199) C. (p. 205)
5. g 1. flesh 1. eat
6. d 2. to bear, to carry 2. having the quality of
7. e 3. thing which 3. color
8. b 4. man, mankind 4. treatment
9. m 5. dry 5. like, related to
10. a 6. fish 6. cold
11. q 7. having the quality of 7. study of, science
12. r 8. eat 8. cause, birth, race, produce
13. i 9. cut 9. form
14. p 10. state of, quality, act; body, 10. feeling, disease
15. c group 11. state of, quality, act; body,
16. n 11. leaf group
17. k 12. plant
18. l D. (p. 199)
Sentences will vary. D. (p. 205)
C. (p. 194) Sentences will vary.
1. patriarchal E. (p. 199)
2. suspension Paragraphs will vary. E. (p. 205)
3. expatriate Paragraphs will vary.
4. pensive
5. paternal Lesson 44
6. pendant A. (p. 200) Review Lessons 43-45
7. paternity 1. physiology A. (p. 206)
8. pendulous 2. physicist 1. sarco
9. petroglyph 3. metaphysics 2. eso
10. patricide 4. physician 3. -us
11. impending 5. physics 4. anthropo
12. repatriation 6. metaphysical 5. xero
13. petrographic 7. physical 6. ichthyo
14. petroleum 7. -ous
15. appendage B. (p. 201) 8. phag/phago
16. petrology 1. physician 9. tomy
17. patrimony 2. physical 10. -y
18. petroliferous 3. physics 11. phyllo
4. physiology 12. chrome
D. (p. 195-196) 5. Metaphysics 13. therap
1. petroleum 6. physicist 14. -ic
2. appendage 7. metaphysical 15. cryo
3. patriarchal 16. gen
4. impending C. (p. 202) 17. morph
5. Paternal 1. like, related to; an action or 18. patho
6. petroglyph process 19. phyte/phyto
7. Petrology 2. science, related to, system 20. ic-al
8. expatriate 3. beyond, change 21. -ics
9. pendulous 4. one who 22. meta-
10. Petrographic 5. study of, science 23. ic-ian or ic-ist
11. pensive 6. nature, growth 24. logy/i-ology
12. patricide 7. one who 25. phys
13. suspension 26. ic-ist or ic-ian
14. Paternity D. (p. 202)
15. petroliferous Sentences will vary. B. (p. 207)
16. repatriation 1. d
17. pendant E. (p. 202) 2. b
18. patrimony Paragraphs will vary. 3. e

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Word Roots Level 4 Answers

4. a B. (p. 212) 5. pterygoid

5. c 1. implacable C. (p. 219)
6. l 2. complacent 1. wing, feather
7. n 3. placid 2. like, related to; an action or
8. j 4. placidity process
9. r 5. placebo 3. away, from; not, without
10. h 4. having the quality of
11. m C. (p. 213) 5. short
12. f 1. like, related to 6. resembling
13. k 2. able to be 7. lizard
14. g 3. in, into; not 8. study of, science
15. s 4. please, soothe, gentle
16. t 5. something tending to D. (p. 219)
17. u 6. state, quality, act Sentences will vary.
18. i 7. with, together
19. o 8. like, related to; one who, that E. (p. 219)
20. p which Paragraphs will vary.
21. q
D. (p. 213)
C. (p. 208) Sentences will vary. Review Lessons 46-48
1. phytophagous A. (p. 220)
2. physicist E. (p. 213) 1. pter/ptero
3. phytochrome Paragraphs will vary. 2. ygi-al
4. ichthyophagous 3. a-
5. phytomorphic 4. -ous
6. physician Lesson 47 5. brachy
7. phytopathogen A. (p. 214) 6. yg-oid
8. physiology 1. postponement 7. saur
9. phytology 2. opponent 8. id-ology
10. metaphysics 3. component 9. -id
11. phytotherapy 4. proponent 10. -able
12. esophagus 5. postpone 11. im-
13. sarcophagus 6. exponent 12. plac
14. physical 7. expose 13. -ebo
15. esophagotomy 14. -ity
16. cryophyte B. (p. 215) 15. com-
17. xerophagy 1. proponent 16. -ent
18. metaphysical 2. postpone 17. ex-
19. anthropophagous 3. exponent 18. -ment
20. physics 4. postponement 19. pro-
21. phyllophagous 5. opponent 20. pon/pone/pose
6. component 21. post-
D. (p. 209-210) 7. expose 22. op-
1. Phyllophagous
2. physicist C. (p. 216) B. (p. 221)
3. phytophagous 1. out, away, from 1. i
4. esophagus 2. that which 2. h
5. Physiology 3. for, before, forward 3. g
6. phytopathogen 4. place, put 4. j
7. physical 5. with, together 5. e
8. esophagotomy 6. one who, that which; like, 6. n
9. phytology related to 7. c
10. metaphysical 7. after 8. b
11. Phytochrome 8. to, toward, against 9. a
12. ichthyophagous 10. d
13. physics D. (p. 216) 11. p
14. xerophagy Sentences will vary. 12. o
15. cryophyte 13. q
16. Metaphysics E. (p. 216) 14. f
17. phytomorphic Paragraphs will vary. 15. l
18. sarcophagus 16. k
19. physician 17. m
20. phytotherapy Lesson 48
21. anthropophagous A. (p. 217) C. (p. 222)
1. brachypterous 1. exponent
2. pterosaur 2. proponent
Lesson 46 3. pterygoid 3. pterygoid
A. (p. 211) 4. apterygial 4. implacable
1. placid 5. pteridology 5. pteridology
2. implacable 6. postponement
3. placebo B. (p. 218) 7. complacent
4. complacent 1. Brachypterous 8. component
5. placidity 2. pteridology 9. pterosaur
3. apterygial 10. postpone
4. pterosaur 11. brachypterous

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Word Roots Level 4 Answers

12. expose 4. prosecute 13. -ic

13. placid 5. persecute 14. a-
14. apterygial 6. obsequious 15. -y
15. placebo 7. subsequent. 16. pyro
16. opponent 17. pyret/pyreto
17. placidity C. (p. 230) 18. -ent
1. one who, that which; like, 19. ob-
D. (p. 223-224) related to 20. i-al
1. exponent 2. to, toward, against 21. non-
2. placidity 3. like, related to; an action or 22. secute/sequ
3. expose process 23. con-
4. brachypterous 4. not 24. -ence
5. pteridology 5. follow 25. i-ous
6. placid 6. with, together 26. per-
7. postponement 7. state, quality, act 27. sub-
8. pterosaur 8. having the quality of 28. it-ur
9. implacable 9. through, very 29. pro-
10. component 10. under, below
11. pterygoid 11. that which B. (p. 235)
12. complacent 12. for, before, forward 1. j
13. proponent 2. h
14. placebo D. (p. 230) 3. o
15. opponent Sentences will vary. 4. l
16. postpone 5. g
17. apterygial E. (p. 230) 6. f
Paragraphs will vary. 7. e
8. b
Lesson 49 9. q
A. (p. 225) Lesson 51 10. a
1. pyretotherapy A. (p. 231) 11. n
2. apyretic 1. desiccation 12. d
3. pyrogenic 2. desiccant 13. p
4. antipyretic 3. siccative 14. k
5. pyretotyphosis 4. desiccator 15. c
5. demi-sec 16. m
B. (p. 226) 17. i
1. antipyretic B. (p. 232)
2. pyretotyphosis 1. siccative C. (p. 236)
3. apyretic 2. demi-sec 1. pyretotherapy
4. Pyretotherapy 3. desiccation 2. desiccant
5. pyrogenic 4. desiccator 3. pyrogenic
5. desiccant 4. prosecute
C. (p. 227) 5. sequential
1. treatment C. (p. 233) 6. desiccation
2. condition 1. dry 7. apyretic
3. against, opposite 2. one who, that which; state, 8. siccative
4. cause, birth, race, produce quality 9. non sequitur
5. stupor, fog 3. half 10. demi-sec
6. like, related to 4. an action or process 11. consequence
7. away, from; not, without 5. from, away, down, apart, 12. antipyretic
8. state of, quality, act; body, not 13. obsequious
group 6. one who, that which; 14. desiccator
9. fire, heat condition, state, quality 15. persecute
10. fever 7. tending to or performing 16. pyretotyphosis
17. subsequent
D. (p. 227) D. (p. 233)
Sentences will vary. Sentences will vary. D. (p. 237-238)
1. pyretotherapy
E. (p. 227) E. (p. 233) 2. obsequious
Paragraphs will vary. Paragraphs will vary. 3. desiccator
4. apyretic
5. prosecute
Lesson 50 Review Lessons 49-51 6. Desiccation
A. (p. 228) A. (p. 234) 7. pyrogenic
1. consequence 1. sec/sicc 8. consequence
2. prosecute 2. -ant 9. desiccant
3. obsequious 3. demi- 10. non sequitur
4. non sequitur 4. -ation 11. demi-sec
5. persecute 5. de- 12. antipyretic
6. sequential 6. at-or 13. siccative
7. subsequent 7. at-ive 14. persecute
8. therap 15. sequential
B. (p. 229) 9. -osis 16. pyretotyphosis
1. sequential 10. anti- 17. Subsequent
2. non sequitur 11. gen
3. consequence 12. typh
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Word Roots Level 4 Answers

Lesson 52 Lesson 54 11. s

A. (p. 239) A. (p. 245) 12. e
1. selenosis 1. tachistoscope 13. q
2. selenographer 2. tachyon 14. n
3. selenodont 3. tachymeter 15. j
4. selenology 4. tachycardia 16. i
5. selenocentric 5. tachygraphy 17. m
6. selenium 6. tachyphrasia 18. h
7. selenoscope 19. k
B. (p. 246)
B. (p. 240) 1. tachyon C. (p. 250)
1. selenodont 2. Tachygraphy 1. tachistoscope
2. selenium 3. tachyphrasia 2. selenium
3. Selenocentric 4. tachistoscope 3. tachymeter
4. selenosis 5. tachycardia 4. post-traumatic
5. selenoscope 6. tachymeter 5. tachygraphy
6. selenographer 6. insurgent
7. selenology C. (p. 247) 7. selenographer
1. speech 8. resurgence
C. (p. 241) 2. heart 9. selenology
1. like, related to 3. condition 10. insurrection
2. moon, brightness 4. look at, view, examine 11. tachycardia
3. condition 5. to measure 12. tachyphrasia
4. center 6. quality, state 13. selenosis
5. look at, view, examine 7. state of, quality, act; body, 14. traumatic
6. write, written group 15. selenodont
7. study of, science 8. write, written 16. trauma
8. tooth 9. fast 17. selenocentric
9. chemical element 18. tachyon
10. one who, that which D. (p. 247) 19. selenoscope
Sentences will vary.
D. (p. 241) D. (p. 251-252)
Sentences will vary. E. (p. 247) 1. tachycardia
Paragraphs will vary. 2. trauma
E. (p. 241) 3. tachistoscope
Paragraphs will vary. 4. post-traumatic
Review Lessons 52-54 5. selenosis
A. (p. 248) 6. insurgent
Lesson 53 1. phras 7. selenographer
A. (p. 242) 2. card 8. traumatic
1. insurgent 3. -ia or -osis 9. tachyphrasia
2. traumatic 4. scop/scope 10. resurgence
3. resurgence 5. meter 11. selenodont
4. trauma 6. -on 12. tachygraphy
5. insurrection 7. -y 13. Selenology
6. post-traumatic 8. graph 14. insurrection
9. tachisto/tachy 15. selenocentric
B. (p. 243) 10. post- 16. tachyon
1. insurrection 11. -ion 17. selenoscope
2. traumatic 12. -ence 18. tachymeter
3. insurgent 13. in- 19. selenium
4. resurgence 14. surg/surrect
5. post-traumatic 15. re-
6. trauma 16. -ent Lesson 55
17. -ic A. (p. 253)
C. (p. 244) 18. -er 1. tenable
1. after 19. trauma/traumat 2. detention
2. an action or process; state, 20. -ium 3. tenure
quality, act 21. selen/seleno 4. tenacious
3. state, quality, act 22. -osis or -ia 5. retentive
4. in, into; not 23. centr 6. untenable
5. rise 24. don’t
6. back, again 25. -logy B. (p. 254)
7. one who, that which; like, 1. retentive
related to B. (p. 249) 2. tenure
8. like, related to 1. f 3. untenable
9. shock or wound 2. d 4. tenable
3. g 5. detention
D. (p. 244) 4. b 6. tenacious
Sentences will vary. 5. l
E. (p. 244) 6. a C. (p. 255)
Paragraphs will vary. 7. c 1. not
8. r 2. state, quality, act; that
9. p which; process, condition
10. o 3. hold

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Word Roots Level 4 Answers

4. able to be D. (p. 261) 3. protrusive

5. back, again Sentences will vary. 4. epitome
6. having the quality of 5. microtome
7. state, quality, act E. (p. 261) 6. intrude
8. from, away, down, apart, Paragraphs will vary. 7. tenable
not 8. intrusion
9. tending to or performing 9. anatomy
Review Lessons 55-57 10. detention
D. (p. 255) A. (p. 262) 11. tenure
Sentences will vary. 1. ob- 12. protrude
2. in- 13. extrusion
E. (p. 255) 3. -ion 14. appendix
Paragraphs will vary. 4. pro- 15. tenacious
5. trude/trus 16. tmesis
6. -ive/t-ive 17. untenable
Lesson 56 7. ex- 18. appendectomy
A. (p. 256) 8. un-
1. epitome 9. micro
2. anatomy 10. ana- Lesson 58
3. appendectomy 11. -sis A. (p. 267)
4. tmesis 12. epi- 1. vermivorous
5. appendix 13. appendec/appendix 2. vermicide
6. microtome 14. a- 3. vermiphobia
15. tme/tome/tomy 4. vermin
B. (p. 257) 16. -ure 5. vermicelli
1. appendectomy 17. ten 6. verminous
2. appendix 18. -able 7. vermifugal
3. microtome 19. re-
4. anatomy 20. -acious B. (p. 268)
5. epitome 21. -tion 1. vermicelli
6. tmesis 22. de- 2. vermin
3. verminous
C. (p. 258) B. (p. 263) 4. vermiphobia
1. small 1. g 5. vermivorous
2. back, against 2. e 6. vermifugal
3. action, process 3. f 7. vermicide
4. on, outside 4. h
5. supplement, appendage 5. b C. (p. 269)
6. away, from, not, without 6. c 1. condition
7. cut 7. a 2. eat
8. d 3. like, related to; an action or
D. (p. 258) 9. p process
Sentences will vary. 10. n 4. flee
11. o 5. having the quality of
E. (p. 258) 12. r 6. worm
Paragraphs will vary. 13. q 7. small
14. j 8. kill
15. k 9. fear of
Lesson 57 16. i 10. thing which; like, related to
A. (p. 259) 17. m
1. protrusive 18. l D. (p. 269)
2. intrude Sentences will vary.
3. protrude C. (p. 264)
4. extrusion 1. tenable E. (p. 269)
5. unobtrusive 2. anatomy Paragraphs will vary.
6. intrusion 3. tenure
4. protrusive
B. (p. 260) 5. retentive Lesson 59
1. extrusion 6. protrude A. (p. 270)
2. protrude 7. tmesis 1. viscous
3. intrude 8. unobtrusive 2. viscosity
4. unobtrusive 9. epitome 3. viscometer
5. intrusion 10. detention 4. elastic
6. protrusive 11. appendectomy 5. viscoelasticity
12. extrusion 6. viscid
C. (p. 261) 13. appendix
1. to, toward, against 14. intrusion B. (p. 271)
2. in, into; not 15. microtome 1. viscid
3. an action or process; state, 16. tenacious 2. viscoelasticity
quality, act 17. intrude 3. viscous
4. for, before, forward 18. untenable 4. viscometer
5. thrust 5. viscosity
6. tending to or performing D. (p. 265-266) 6. elastic
7. out, away, from 1. unobtrusive
8. not 2. retentive

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Word Roots Level 4 Answers

C. (p. 272) 5. one who, that which C. (p. 281)

1. to measure 6. wood 1. xerography
2. like, related to 7. sound 2. vermicide
3. state, quality, act 8. study of, science 3. xerophyte
4. sticky 9. having the quality of; a 4. vermin
5. like, related to carbohydrate 5. vermivorous
6. expansive 6. xerothermic
7. having the quality of D. (p. 278) 7. vermiphobia
Sentences will vary. 8. xeroderma
D. (p. 272) 9. vermicelli
Sentences will vary. E. (p. 278) 10. xylose
Paragraphs will vary. 11. vermifugal
E. (p. 272) 12. xylographer
Paragraphs will vary. 13. viscosity
Review Lessons 58-61 14. xylophagous
A. (p. 279) 15. elastic
Lesson 60 1. -oid 16. verminous
A. (p. 273) 2. phag or vor 17. xylology
1. xerography 3. -ous 18. viscous
2. xerothermic 4. graph 19. xyloid
3. xerophyte 5. -er 20. viscometer
4. xeroderma 6. xyl/xylo 21. xylophone
5. xerophthalmia 7. phone 22. viscoelasticity
6. xerographic 8. -logy 23. xerographic
9. -ose 24. xerophthalmia
B. (p. 274) 10. -ia 25. viscid
1. xerophthalmia 11. vor or phag
2. xerographic 12. -al D. (p. 282-284)
3. xerothermic 13. fug 1. viscous
4. xeroderma 14. -ic or -id 2. xerophyte
5. xerography 15. verm/vermi 3. xylophagous
6. xerophyte 16. -celli 4. viscosity
17. -cide 5. xylose
C. (p. 275) 18. phob 6. viscid
1. heat 19. -in 7. vermifugal
2. dry 20. therm 8. Xerographic
3. state of, quality, act; 21. xer/xero 9. viscometer
body, group 22. -y 10. verminous
4. skin 23. derma 11. Xylology
5. plant 24. phyte 12. xeroderma
6. condition 25. ophthalm 13. Xerography
7. write, written 26. meter 14. vermicelli
8. like, related to 27. -id or -ic 15. vermicide
9. eye 28. ic-ity/s-ity 16. xerothermic
29. visc/visco 17. xyloid
D. (p. 275) 30. elast 18. vermiphobia
Sentences will vary. 19. elastic
B. (p. 280) 20. xylophone
E. (p. 275) 1. h 21. viscoelasticity
Paragraphs will vary. 2. n 22. vermin
3. i 23. xylographer
4. d 24. xerophthalmia
Lesson 61 5. k 25. Vermivorous
A. (p. 276) 6. l
1. xylose 7. j
2. xylology 8. a
3. xylographer 9. c
4. xyloid 10. g
5. xylophagous 11. e
6. xylophone 12. f
13. u
B. (p. 277) 14. b
1. xyloid 15. t
2. xylophone 16. w
3. xylology 17. v
4. xylophagous 18. y
5. xylose 19. x
6. xylographer 20. o
21. m
C. (p. 278) 22. q
1. resembling 23. p
2. eat 24. s
3. having the quality of 25. r
4. write, written

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

Dictionary
Pronunciation Key
ă asp, fat ə a in ago
ā ape, date, play e in agent
ĕ elf, ten, berry i in sanity
ē even, meet, money o in comply
ĭ is, hit, mirror u in focus
ī ice, bite, high ər perhaps, murder
ŏ ah, car, father
ō open, tone, go sh she, cushion, dash
ô all, horn, law th thin, nothing, truth
oo ooze, tool, crew th then, father, lathe
oo look, pull, moor zh azure, leisure
yoo use, cute, few
yoo united, cure, globule ’ primary accent
ŭ up, cut, color ’ secondary accent
ûr urn, fur, deter

Greek and Latin Prefixes

a- Greek — away, from, not, without anesthekinesia [ăn-ĭs-thē-kĭ-nē´-zhə]
abranchiate [ā-brăng´-kē-ĭt] lacking loss of sensibility and motor power
gills anesthesia [ăn-ĭs-thē´-zhə] medically
amnesia [ăm-nē´-zhə] loss of the induced insensitivity to pain
ability to remember anesthesiologist
amnesty [ăm´-nĭ-stē] pardon; literally [ăn-ĭs-thē-zē-äl´-lə-j ĭst] a doctor who
“forgetting a crime” specializes in administering drugs to
amorphous [ə-môr´-fəs] without prevent or relieve pain during surgery
definite form; shapeless anesthetic [ăn-ĕs-thĕt´-ĭk] related
apterygial [ăp-tä-rĭj ´-ē-əl] belonging to causing temporary loss of bodily
to the group of animals without paired sensations
wings, fins, or limbs
ana- Greek — back, against
apyretic [ā-pī-rēt´-ĭk] without fever
asphyxiation [ăs-fĭk-sē-ā´-shən] act or anatomy [ə-năt´-tə-mē] scientific
process of causing suffocation study of the body and how its parts are
atrophy [ă´-trə-fē] to waste away or to arranged
decrease in size as of a body part or ant- Greek — against, opposite
tissue
antagonistic [ăn-tăg-ə-nĭst´-ĭk]
ab- Latin — away, from contending with or opposing another;
ablution [ă-bloo´-shän] a washing adversarial
of the body, especially as a religious anti- Greek — against, opposite
ceremony
antioxidant [ăn-tī-Ôk´-sə-dənt]
af- Latin — to, toward, against substance that counteracts oxidation
affluence [ăf´-loo-əns] an abundance antipyretic [ăn-tē-pĭ-rĕt´-ĭk] drug that
of material wealth relieves or reduces fever
antithesis [ăn-tĭth´-ĭ-sĭs] exact
an- Greek — not, without opposite, contrast
anechoic [ăn-ĕ-kō´-ĭk] free from antithetic [ăn-tə-thĕt-´ĭk] directly
echoes and reverberations contrasting or opposite

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

ap- Latin — to, toward, against di- Greek — two

appendage [ə-pĕn´-dĭj] a projecting dimorphic [dī-mÔr´-fĭk] occurring or
body part; a secondary attachment existing in two different forms
dioxide [dī-ŏk´-sīd] an oxide containing
co- Latin — with, together two atoms of oxygen in the molecule
coarctate [cō-ärk´-tāt] pressed
together; closely connected di- Latin — apart, away, not
coarctation [cō-ärk-tā´-shən] a dilution [dī-loo´-shən] something
narrowing or constriction watered down; less concentrated
com- Latin — with, together dis- Latin — apart, opposite of
complacent [kəm-plā´-sənt] overly disturbance [dĭ-stûr´-bəns] an
pleased with oneself or one’s situation; interruption of a state of peace or quiet
smug
component [kəm-pō´-nənt] a part of dys- Greek — bad, badly
something larger dyspepsia [dĭs-pĕp´-sē-ə] indigestion
dystrophy [dĭs´-trə-fē] any
con- Latin — with, together degenerative disorder resulting from
concussion [kən-kŭsh´-ən] an injury to inadequate or faulty nutrition
the brain, often resulting from a blow to
the head e- Latin — out, away, from
congregation [kŏn-grĭ-gā´-shən] a emollient [ə-mŏl´-yənt] something that
group of people or things gathered has a softening or soothing effect
together; gathering
ec- Greek — out
consequence [kōn´-sə-kwĕns] the
effect, result, or outcome of something ecstasy [ĕk´-stə-sē] a state beyond
occurring earlier reason and self-control; overwhelming
contumacious [kän-tü-mā´-shəs] emotion
willfully obstinate ef- Latin — out
de- Latin — from, away, down, apart, not effluent [ĕf ´-loo-ənt] flowing outward
deglaciation [dē-glā-sē-ā´-shən] the or forward
gradual melting away of a glacier from en- Latin — in, into
the surface of a landmass
deluge [dĕl´-yooj] overwhelming, flood- encephalitis [ĕn-sĕf-ə-lī´-tĭs]
like rush inflammation of the brain
desiccant [dĕs´-ə-kənt] a substance epi- Greek — on, outside
that promotes drying
epiglottis [ĕp-ə-glÔt´-əs] a small flap at
desiccator [dĕs´-ə-kātər] glass jar
the back of the tongue that covers the
with air-tight cover containing a drying
windpipe during swallowing
agent
epitome [ĭ-pĭt´-ə-mē] a summary or
desiccation [dĕs-ə-kā´-shən] the
typical example of something
process of extracting moisture
detention [dĭ-ten´-shən] the act of eu- Greek — good, well
detaining or holding back eucalyptus [yoo-kə-lĭp´-təs] Australian
demi- Latin — half evergreen tree with rigid leaves and
protected flowers that has medicinal
demi-sec [dĕm´-ē-sĕk] half-dry; semi-
and industrial value
dry
eupepsia [yoo-pĕp´-sē-ə] good
des- Latin —from, away, down, apart, not digestion
descant [dĕs´-kănt] high melody above euphoria [yoo-fōr´-ē-ə] feeling of great
the main melody joy, excitement, or well-being, almost to
the point of exaggeration

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

ex- Latin — out, away, from intrude [ĭn-trood´] to enter uninvited

exasperation [ĭg-zăs-pə-rā´-shən] intrusion [ĭn-troo´-zhən] a disturbance;
annoyance and frustration an invasion of someone’s privacy
exculpate [ĕks-kŭl´-pāt] to clear from
alleged fault or guilt; to free from blame inter- Latin — between, among
expatriate [ĕks-pā´-trē-āt] someone intermediary [ĭn-tər-mē´-dē-ĕr-ē]
who no longer lives in his or her own negotiator who acts as a link between
country parties
exponent [ĕk-spō-nĕnt] one who intermediate [ĭn-tər-mē´-dē-ĭt] being or
supports or promotes an idea or belief happening between two other related
expose [ĕk-spō-ze] to leave something things, levels, or points
without protection; to reveal something
iso- Greek — equal
hidden
expurgate [ĕks´-pər-gāt] to edit, to isobaric [ī-sə-bär´-ĭk] showing equal
censor pressure
extrusion [ĕk-stroo´-zhən] the action meta- Latin — beyond, change
of squeezing something out by
pressure metamorphosis [mĕt-ə-mÔr´-fə-sĕs]
a complete change of character,
hyper- Greek — over, above appearance, condition, etc.
hypertrophy [hī-pûr´-trə-fē] excessive metaphysical [mĕt-ĭ-fĕz´-ĭkəl] related
growth or enlargement of a body part to abstract reasoning; supernatural,
or organ immaterial
metaphysics [mĕt-ĭ-fĕz´-ĭks] a branch
im- Latin — in, into; not of philosophy dealing with the nature of
impending [ĭm-pĕn´-dĭng] that is about reality
to occur; imminent non- Latin — not
implacable [ĭm-plă´-kə-bəl] not non sequitur [nŏ-sĕk´-wĭ-toor] a
capable of being appeased or pacified remark having no bearing on what has
in- Latin — in, into; not just been said
incantation [ĭn-kăn-tā´-shən] the ob- Latin — to, toward, against
chanting of supposedly magic words obsequious [ŏb-sē´-kwē-əs] overly
incinerator [ĭn-sĭn´-ə-rā-tər] a furnace eager to please or obey
for burning waste under controlled
unobtrusive [ŭn´-əb-troo´-sĭv]
conditions
inconspicuous; not standing out
incombustible [ĭn-kəm-bŭs´-tə-bəl] not
capable of being burned op- Latin — against
inculpate [ĭn-kŭl´-pāt] to incriminate; to opponent [ə-pō´-nənt] one who takes
blame an opposite position; rival
infelicitous [ĭn-fə-lĭs´-ĭ-təs] unsuitable;
inappropriate par- Greek — beside, variation
influential [ĭn-floo-ən´-shəl] having paroxysm [păr-ək´-sĭz-əm] a sudden
a great deal of power to change and uncontrollable expression of
something emotion
influx [ĭn´-flŭks] the arrival of a large
para- Greek — beside, variation
number of people or things
insomniac [ĭn-sŏm´-nē-ăk] person who paradox [pār´-ə-dŏks] a statement,
is unable to sleep situation, etc. that seems absurd or
insurgent [ĭn-sür´-jənt] person contradictory, but is or may be true
involved in a rebellion against a per- Latin — through, very
constituted authority
percussion [pər-kŭsh´-ən] the group
insurrection [ĭn-sə-rĕk´-shən] a rising
of instruments that produces sound by
up against established authority
being struck, such as drums, cymbals,
and tambourines

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

peroxide [pə-rŏk´-sīd] an oxide succinct [sək-sĭngkt´] expressed in

containing a relatively high proportion few words; concise
of oxygen succinctness [sək-sĭngkt´nes] the
persecute [pûr´-sä-kyoot] to oppress; quality of expressing things in few
to pester continually words; conciseness
perturbation [pər-tûrb ā´-shən] action
of agitating, anxiety sus- Latin — up
repercussions [rē-pər-kə´-shəns] the suspension [sə-spĕn´-shən] an
effects, often indirect or remote, of interruption; literally, “to be left hanging”
some event or action
syn- Greek — with, together
post- Latin — after narcosynthesis [när-kō-sĭn´-thə-sĭs]
postpone [pōst-pōn´] to put something a treatment of neurosis, requiring a
off until a later time; delay patient to be under the influence of a
postponement [pōst-pōn´-mənt] the hypnotic drug
act of putting something off to a future
time un- Old English — not
post-traumatic [pōst-trə-măt´-ĭk] unobtrusive [ŭn-əb-troo´-sĭv]
occurring as a result of or after injury inconspicuous; not standing out
untenable [ən-tĕn´-ə-bəl] not able to
pre- Latin — before be defended or justified
precinct [prē´-sĭngkt] a part of a
territory with definite bounds
pro- Latin — for, before, forward
proponent [prō-pō´-nənt] one who
argues in favor of something; advocate
prosecute [prŏs´-ə-kyoot] to take legal
action and bring someone before a
court
protrude [prō-trood´]to bulge or extend
forward
protrusive [prō-too´-sĭv] jutting or
thrusting forward
re- Latin — back, again
recantation [rē-kăn-tā´-shən] the
withdrawing of something previously
said
reflux [rē´-flŭks] a backward flow
repatriation [rē-pā-trē-ā´-shən] the act
of returning to one’s country of origin
repercussions [rē-pər-kush´-əns] the
effects, often indirect or remote, of
some event or action
resurgence [rē-sür´-jəns] a rising
again into life, activity, prominence
retentive [rĭ-tĕn´-tĭv] tending to retain
or hold on to
sub- Latin — under, below
subsequent [sŭb´-sə-kwənt]
happening or existing after; later
suc- Latin — under, below

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

Greek and Latin Roots

acou Greek — hear chrysanthemum
acoumeter [ă´-koo-mē-tər] [krĭ-săn´-thə-məm] any of a large
instrument that measures the group of plants with bright yellow,
acuteness of hearing (physics) red, or white showy flowers that
acoustic [ə-koo´-stĭk] related to bloom in late summer or fall
hearing or to sound as it is heard helianthus [hē-lē-ăn´-thəs] tall
yellow-flowered perennial related to
aesth Greek — feeling, perception, the sunflower
sensation
aesthete [ĕs´-thēt] one who has antho Greek — flower
or affects artistic perception or anthography [ăn-thŏg´-rə-fē]
appreciation of beauty description of flowers
aesthetic [ĕs-thĕt´-ĭk] related to the anthophagous [ăn-thŏ´-fə-gəs]
enjoyment or study of beauty feeding on flowers
anthophyte [ăn´-thə-fĭt] a flowering
agon Greek — struggle plant
agony [āg´-ə-nē] an intense feeling
of suffering anthrop Greek — mankind, man
antagonistic [ăn-tăg-ə-nĭst´- Eoanthropus [ē-ō-ăn´-thrō-pəs] a
ĭk] contending with or opposing genus of early man comprising only
another; adversarial the Piltdown man; dawn man
protagonist [prō-tăg´-ə-nĭst] key
figure in a contest or dispute; main anthropo Greek — mankind, man
character in a novel anthropophagous
[än-thrə-pŏf´-ə-gəs] feeding on
agora Greek — market-place, assembly human flesh; cannibalistic
agora [ă-gər´-ə] a gathering place aort Greek — lift, raise
agoraphobia [ăg-ə-rə-fō´-bē-ə] an aortarctia [ā-Ôr-tărk´-shə] narrowing
abnormal fear of being in open or of the aorta
public places
appendec Greek — supplement, appendage
ambul Latin — walk appendectomy
ambulatory [ăm-byə-lə-tȯ´r-ē] able [ăp-ən-dĕk´-tə-mē] the surgical
to walk and not confined to bed removal of the appendix
somnambulist [sŏm-năm´-byə-lĭst]
sleepwalker appendix Greek — supplement, appendage
appendix [ăp-ən-dĕks] additional
anemo [combining form] Greek — wind material at the end of a book; a
anemology [ăn-ə-mŏl´-ə-jē] the small pouch growing out from the
study of the movements of the winds intestines
anemometer [ăn-ə-mŏm´-ə-tər] an arch Greek — first, chief, rule
instrument for measuring the force
or speed of the wind; wind gauge hierarch [hī ´-ə-rärk] a religious
anemophilous [ăn-ə-mŏf´-ə-ləs] leader in a position of authority
pollinated by the wind hierarchy [hī ´-ə-rär-kē] a system in
anemotropism which people or things are arranged
[ăn-ə-mŏ-trə´-pĭz-əm] orientation in according to their rank or status
response to air currents patriarchal [pā-trē-är´-kəl] relating
to or characteristic of a culture ruled
anim Latin — spirit, life by men
magnanimity [măg-năn´-ə-mtē] oligarchy [ä-lə-ˌgär-kēˈō] rule by a
loftiness of spirit; the quality of few
being noble and generous arche Greek — first, chief, rule
anth Greek — flower archetype [är´-kĭ-tīp] an original
anther [ăn´-thər] the part of a flower model on which something is
that contains pollen patterned; prototype

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

arct Greek — to press together card Greek — heart

aortarctia [ā-Ôr-tărk´-shə] narrowing tachycardia [tăk-ĭ-kär´-dē-ə]
of the aorta abnormally fast heartbeat
coarctate [cō-ärk´-tāt] pressed
together; closely connected cardio Greek — heart
coarctation [cō-ärk-tā´-shən] a echocardiogram
narrowing or constriction [ĕ-kō-kär´-dē-ə-grăm] a non-invasive
technique that uses ultrasound to
asper Latin — rough record the functioning of the heart
asperity [ă-spĕr´-ĭ-tē] harshness or
severity of manner or tone caust Greek — burn
exasperation [ĭg-zăs-pə-rā´-shən] holocaust [hŏl´-ə-kôst] total or mass
annoyance and frustration destruction
bar Greek — pressure, weight centr Greek — center
isobaric [ī-sə-bär´-ĭk] showing equal selenocentric [sə-lē-nə-sĕn´-trĭk] of
pressure or relating to the center of the moon;
having the moon as center
baro Greek — pressure, weight
barometer [bə-rŏm´-ĭ-tər] cephal Greek — head, brain
an instrument for measuring cephalic [sĕ-făl´-ĭk] of, or relating to
atmospheric pressure the head
barometric [băr-ə-mĕ´-trĭk] related encephalitis [ĕn-sĕf-ə-lī ´-tĭs]
to or indicated by a barometer inflammation of the brain
brachy [combining form] Greek — short cephalo Greek — head, brain
brachypterous [bră-kĭp´-tər-əs] cephalothorax [sĕf-ĕ-lō-thÔr´-ăks]
short winged fused head and thorax of an
arachnid or higher crustacean
branchi Greek — gill
abranchiate [ā-brăng´-kē-ĭt] lacking chrome Greek — color
gills phytochrome [fī´-tō-krōm] the
branchial [brăng´-kē-əl] of, or pigment in green plants that absorbs
relating to gills light and controls dormancy,
flowering, and the germination of
branchio Greek — gill seeds
branchiopod [brăng´-kē-ə-pŏd]
aquatic crustacean with gills on its chrys Greek — gold, yellow
feet chrysanthemum
[krĭ-săn´-thə-məm] any of a large
calypt Greek — hidden, covered group of plants with bright yellow,
eucalyptus [yoo-kə-lĭp´-təs] red, or white showy flowers that
Australian evergreen tree with rigid bloom in late summer or fall
leaves and protected flowers that
has medicinal and industrial value cinct Latin — surround, bind, border
cincture [sĭnct´-yēr] anything that
cant Latin — song encircles, such as a belt or girdle
cantatrice [kăn´-tə-trēs] female precinct [prē´-sĭngkt´] a part of a
professional singer territory with definite bounds
canticle [kăn´-tĕ-käl] a hymn succinct [sək-sĭngkt´] expressed in
derived from the Bible; literally a few words; concise
“little” song succinctness [sək-sĭngkt´nes] the
cantillation [kän-tə-lā´-shən] the quality of expressing things in few
action of unaccompanied chanting in words; conciseness
free rhythm
descant [dĕs´-kănt] high melody cinemat Greek — motion, movement
above the main melody cinematic [sĭn-ə-măt´-ĭk] relating to
incantation [ĭn-kăn-tā´-shən] the the production or showing of motion
chanting of supposedly magic words pictures
recantation [rē-kăn-tā´-shən] the cinematization
withdrawing of something previously [sĭn-ə-mə-tĭ-zā´-shən] the process of
said adapting a novel, play, etc. for film or
movies

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

cinemato Greek — motion, movement culp Latin — fault, blame

cinematography culpable [kŭl´-pə-bəl] deserving
[sĭn-ə-mə-t´-ŏg´-rə-fē] the art and blame
methods of photography used in film exculpate [ĕks-kŭl´-pāt] to clear
making from alleged fault or guilt; to free
from blame
ciner Latin — ash inculpate [ĭn-kŭl´-pāt] to incriminate;
cinerary [sĭn´-ə-ră-rē] containing or to blame
used for ashes
incinerator [ĭn-sĭn´-ə-rā-tər] a cuss Latin — strike, shake
furnace for burning waste under concussion [kən-kŭsh´-ən] an injury
controlled conditions to the brain, often resulting from a
blow to the head
coll Greek — glue, gelatinous percussion [pər-kŭsh´-ən] the
collage [kə-läzh´] an artistic group of instruments that produces
composition made of various sound by being struck, such as
materials, such as paper, cloth, or drums, cymbals, and tambourines
wood, glued on a surface repercussions [rē-pər-kŭsh´-əns]
colloid [kä´-lōid] a gelatinous the effects, often indirect or remote,
substance of some event or action
colla Greek — glue, gelatinous dactyl Greek — finger, toe
collagenous [kə-lä´-jə-nəs] forming pterodactyl [tĕr-ə-dăk´-təl] winged-
or producing collagen fingered, prehistoric flying reptile
combus Latin — burn up dactylio Greek — finger, toe
combustible [kəm-bŭs´-tə-bəl] able dactylioglyph [dăk-tĭl´-ē-ō-glĭf] the
to burn easily inscription of the engraver’s name
combustion [kəm-bŭs´-chən] act or on a finger ring or gem
process of burning
incombustible dactylo Greek — finger, toe
[ĭn-kəm-bŭs´-tə-bəl] not capable of dactylogram [dăk-tĭl´-ə-grăm] a
being burned fingerprint
dactylology [dăk-tĭl-lä´-lə-jē] the
crac Greek — government, rule science of communicating by using
hierocracy [hī ´-ə-rŏk-rə-sē] hand signs; sign language
government by clergymen dactyloscopy [dăk-tə-lŏ´-skə-pē]
examination of fingerprints for
cryo [combining form] Greek — cold purposes of identification
cryogenics [krī-ō-jĕn´-ĭks] the
derm Greek — skin
science that deals with the .
xeroderma [zi r-ō-dûr´-mə] abnormal
production of extremely low
temperatures (physics) dryness of the skin (Medical)
cryophilic [krī-ō-fĭl´-ĭk] capable of
living at low temperatures dog Greek — opinion, praise
cryophyte [krī´-ə-fīt] a plant that can dogma [dôg´-mə] something held as
live or grow on snow or ice an established opinion
cryoscopy [krī-ŏs´-kə-pē]
the science dealing with the dont Latin — teeth
determination of the freezing points orthodontics [Ôr-thə-dŏn´-tĭks]
of liquids the branch of dentistry concerned
cryotherapy [krī-ō-thĕr´-ə-pē] with the prevention or correction of
therapeutic use of cold irregularities of the teeth
selenodont [sə-lē´-nə-dänt] having
crypto Greek — hidden molars with crowns formed of
cryptomnesia [krĭp-təm-nē´-zhə] crescent-shaped cusps
a condition whereby experiences
are believed to be original, but are dox Greek — opinion, praise
actually based on memories of doxology [dŏk-sŏl´-ə-jē] a liturgical
forgotten events formula of praise to God
orthodox [Ôr´-thə-dŏks] adhering to
cryst Greek — crystal what is commonly accepted opinion
crystalline [krĭs´-tə-lĭn] of the nature
of crystals

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

paradox [păr´-ə-dŏks] a statement, anesthetic [ăn-ĭs-thĕt´-ĭk] related

situation, etc. that seems absurd or to causing temporary loss of bodily
contradictory, but is or may be true sensations
echo Greek — sound esthe Greek — sensation, feeling,
anechoic [ăn-ĕ-kō´-ĭk] free from perception
echoes and reverberations anesthekinesia
echocardiogram [ān-ĭs-thē-kĭ-nē´-zhə] loss of
[ĕ-kō-kär´-dē-ə-grăm] a non-invasive sensibility and motor power
technique that uses ultrasound to esthesi Greek — sensation, feeling,
record the functioning of the heart perception
echoic [ĕ-kō´-ĭk] formed in imitation
of some natural sound anesthesiologist
echolalia [ĕk-ô-lā´-lē-ə] involuntary [ăn-ĭs-thē-zē-ä´-lə-j ĭst] a doctor who
parrot-like repetition of a word or specializes in administering drugs
phrase just spoken by another; to prevent or relieve pain during
echoing surgery
echolocation [ĕk-ō-lō-kā´-shən] a esthesio Greek — sensation, feeling,
means of locating an object using perception
an emitted sound and the reflection
back from it esthesiometer
[ĕs-thē-zē-öm´-ĭ-tər] an instrument
elast Greek — expansive used to measure tactile sensitivity
elastic [ĭ-lăs-tĭk] stretchable, flexible ev Latin — age, time
viscoelasticity
[vĭs-kō-ĭ-lăs-tĭ´-sĭ-tē] being both medieval [mēd-ē´-vəl] relating or
viscous and elastic simultaneously belonging to the Middle Ages

eo Greek — dawn, early fauna Latin — animal life

Eoanthropus [ē-ō-an´-thrō-pəs] a ichthyofauna [ĭk-thē-ō-fä ´-nə] the
genus of early man comprising only fish of a particular region
the Piltdown man; dawn man felic Latin — pleasing, happy, suitable
Eocene [ē´-ə-sēn] relating to the
second epoch of the Tertiary period felicitation [fĭ-lĭs-ĭ-tā´-shən] an
eolith [ē´-ə-lĕth] a very early and expression of pleasure at the
crude stone tool success or good fortune of another
felicity [fĭ-lĭs´-ə-tē] pleasing and
ergo Greek — work, power appropriate manner; happiness
ergometer [ûr-gə´-mət-ər] a device infelicitous [ĭn-fə-lĭs´-ĭ-təs]
for measuring work performance unsuitable; inappropriate
ergonomics [ûr-gə-nom-´ĭks] flu Latin — flowing
the scientific design of products,
machines, etc. to maximize user affluence [ăf´-loo-ăns] an
safety, comfort, and efficiency abundance of material wealth
ergophobia [ər-gə-fō´-bē-ə] effluent [ĕf ´-loo-ənt] flowing
abnormal and persistent fear of work outward or forward
or the workplace fluency [floo´-ən-sē] effortless
expression
eso Latin — to bear, to carry influential [ĭn-floo ´-ən´-shəl] having
esophagotomy [ĭ-săf-ə-gŏt´-ə- a great deal of power to change
mē] incision through the wall of the something
esophagus (medical)
esophagus [ĭ-sŏf ´-ə-gəs] the part of fluc Latin — flowing
the digestive tract that connects the fluctuation [flŭk-choo-ā-´shən]
throat to the stomach (medical) variation in level, degree; constant
esothermic [ĭ-să 'thər-mik] of, or change
pertaining to hot and dry climate
period flux Latin — flowing
influx [ĭn´-flŭks] the arrival of a large
esth Greek — sensation, feeling, number of people or things
perception reflux [rē´-flŭks] a backward flow
anesthesia [ăn-ĭs-thē´-zhə]
medically induced insensitivity to
pain

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

foli Latin — leaf glossitis [glö-sī ´-təs] inflammation

foliage [fō´-l-ē-ĭj] leaves, as of a of the tongue
plant or tree
foliose [fō´-lē-ōs] covered with glosso Greek — language, tongue
leaves; leafy glossolalia [glös-ŏ-lā´-lē-ə]
repetitive non-meaningful speech
fort Latin — strong
fortification [fōrt-ə-fə-kā´-shən] the glot Greek — language, tongue
act or process of strengthening polyglot [pŏl´-ē-glŏt] a person who
fortitude [fôr´-tə-tüd] courage and speaks several different languages
strength in bearing pain or trouble
glott Greek — language, tongue
fug Latin — flee epiglottis [ĕp-ə-glŏt´-əs] a small flap
vermifugal [vûr-mə-fyoo ´-gəl] at the back of the tongue that covers

)
tending to expel worms the windpipe during swallowing
gen Greek — cause, birth, race, produce glyph Greek — carve
collagenous [kə-lä´-jə-nəs] forming dactylioglyph [dăk-tĭl´-ē-ō-glĭf] the
or producing collagen inscription of the engraver’s name
cryogenics [krī-ō-jĕn´-ĭks] the on a finger ring or gem
science that deals with the hieroglyphics [hī-rə-glĭf´-ĭks] the
production of extremely low picture script of the ancient Egyptian
temperatures (physics) priesthood
oxygenation [ŏk-sē-jĕ-nā´-shən] the petroglyph [pĕt´-rə-glĭf] ancient
process of providing oxygen carving or inscription on rock
phytopathogen [fī-tō-pă´-thə-jən]
something that causes disease in gram Greek — write, written
plants dactylogram [dăk-tĭl´-ə-grăm] a
pyrogenic [pī-rō-jen´-ĭk] finger print
fever inducing echocardiogram
tumorigenic [too-mər-ĭ-jĭn´-ĭk] [ĕ-kō-kär´-dē-ə-grăm] a non-invasive
producing or tending to produce technique that uses ultrasound to
tumors record the functioning of the heart
hologram [hŏl´-ə-gräm]
geo Greek — Earth, ground 3-dimensional photographical image
geophagy [jē-ˈä-fə-jē] practice of
eating earthy substances (as clay) to graph Greek — write, written
augment a scanty diet, or as part of anthography [ăn-thŏg´-rə-fē]
a cultural tradition description of flowers
cinematography
glac Latin — ice [sĭn-ə-mə-tŏg´-rə-fē] the art and
deglaciation [dē-glā-sē-ā´-shən] the methods of photography used in film
gradual melting away of a glacier making
from the surface of a landmass lithography [lĭ-thŏg´-rə-fē] the
glaciarium [glā-sē-ăr´-ē-ŭm] a process or method of printing from a
skating rink with a floor of artificial metal or stone surface
ice orthography [ôr-thŏg´-rə-fē] spelling
glaciation [glā-sē-ā´-shən] the in accord with accepted usage
process of being covered or petrographic [pĕt-rə-grăf´-ĭk]
covering with masses of ice related to the systematic description
glacier [glā´-shər] a slowly moving and classification of rocks using
mass of ice microscopic examination
glaciologist [glā-sē-ŏl´-ə-j ĭst] selenographer [sĕl-lə-nŏg´-rə-fûr]
expert in the formation, movements, expert in mapping the physical
etc. of glaciers features of the moon
glaciology [glā-sē-ŏl´-ə-jē] the tachygraphy [tă-kĭg´-rə-fē] the
scientific study of the nature, art or technique of rapid writing or
formation, and movement of glaciers shorthand .
xerographic [zi r´-ə-grăf´-ĭk] related
gloss Greek — language, tongue to electrophotography or dry
glossary [glôs´-ə-rē] an alphabetical photocopying
list of specialized words with their xerography [zĭ-rŏg´-rə-fē] method of
definitions, usually at the back of a dry photocopying in which the image
book is transferred by using the forces of
electric charges

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

xylographer [zī-lŏg´-rə-fər] one who ichthy Greek — fish

is skilled in artistic wood carving ichthyosis [ĭk-thē´-ō-sĭs] congenital
disease in which the skin is fishlike
greg Latin — herd, flock –dry and scaly (medical)
congregation [kŏn-grĭ-gā´-shən] a
group of people or things gathered ichthyo Greek — fish
together; gathering ichthyofauna [ĭk-thē-ō-fä´-nə] the
gregarious [grĭ-găr´-ē-əs] fond of fish of a particular region
company; sociable ichthyolite [ĭk-thē´-ō-līt] a fossil fish
or fragment of a fish
heli Greek — sun ichthyology [ĭk-thē-ŏl´-ə-jē] the
helianthus [hē´-lē-an-thəs] tall study of fish
yellow-flowered perennial related to ichthyophagous [ik-thē-ä´-fə-gəs]
the sunflower fish-eating
ichthyosaur [ik´-thĕ-ə-sôr] an
helminth Greek — worm extinct variety of fishlike marine
platyhelminth reptiles of the Mesozoic period
[plăt-ē-hĕl´-mĭnth] parasitic or free-
living worms having a flattened body kin Greek — motion
anesthekinesia
hier Greek — sacred [ān-ĭs-thē-kĭ-nē´-zhə] loss of
hierarch [hī ´-ə-rärk] a religious sensibility and motor power
leader in a position of authority kinesiology [kə-nē-sē-ŏl´-ə-jē] the
hierarchy [hī ´-ə-rär-kē] a system in study of human musculoskeletal
which people or things are arranged movement
according to their rank or status kinesthesis [kĭn-ĭs-thē´-sĭs] the
ability to feel movements of the
hiero Greek — sacred limbs and body
hierocracy [hī´-ə-rŏk-rə-sē] kinetic [kə-nĕ´-tĭk] related to
government by clergymen movement
hieroglyphics [hī-rə-glĭf´-ĭks] the
picture script of the ancient Egyptian lal Greek — talk, babble
priesthood echolalia [ĕk-ō-lā´-lē-ə]involuntary
parrot-like repetition of a word or
hol Greek — entire, whole phrase just spoken by another,
holistic [hō-lĭs´-tĭk] involving all of echoing
something glossolalia [glös-ō-lā´-lē-ə]
repetitive non-meaningful speech
holo Greek — entire, whole
holocaust [hŏl´-ə-kost] total or mass lav Latin — wash, bathe
destruction lavatory [lăv´-ə-tôr-ē] a room
hologram [hŏl-ə-gräm´] equipped with toilette facilities
3-dimensional photographical image
leps Latin — take, seize
hypn Greek — sleep narcolepsy [när´-kō-lĕp-sē] a sleep
hypnosis [hĭp´-nō-sĭs] a state that disorder characterized by sudden
resembles sleep but is induced by and uncontrollable episodes of deep
suggestion sleep
narcohypnia [när-kō-hĭp´-nē-ə]
numbness experienced upon litho Greek — stone
awakening lithography [lĭ-thŏg´-rə-fē] the
process or method of printing from a
hypno [combining form] Greek — sleep metal or stone surface
hypnophobia [hĭp-nə-fō´-bē-ə] an lithosphere [lĭth´-ə-sfĭr] the solid
abnormal fear of falling asleep outer part of Earth composed of rock
hypnotherapy [hĭp-nō-thĕr´-ə-
pē] the use of hypnosis in treating locat Latin — place
illness or emotional problems echolocation [ĕk-ō-lō-kā´-shən] a
hypnotist [hĭp´-nə-tĭst] a person means of locating an object using
who uses hypnosis as a form of an emitted sound and the reflection
treatment back from it

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

loqu Latin — speak mediation [mē-dē-ā-´shən] the

magniloquence process of resolving differences
[măg-nĭl´-ə-kwəns] excessive use medieval [mēd-ē´-vəl] relating or
of verbal ornamentation; pompous belonging to the Middle Ages
discourse mediterranean
[mĕd´-ĭ-tə-rā-nē-ən] enclosed or
lu Latin — wash, bathe nearly enclosed with land
ablution [ă-bloo´-shən] a washing
of the body, especially as a religious melan Greek — black, dark
ceremony melanin [mĕl´-ə-nĭn] a brownish-
dilution [dī-loo´-shən] something black pigment found in skin
watered down; less concentrated melanoma [mĕl-ə-nō´-mə] a type of
skin cancer that appears as a dark
luge Latin — wash, bathe mark or growth on the skin
deluge [dĕl´-yooj] an overwhelming, metall Greek —metal, mine
flood-like rush
metallurgy [mĕt´-l-ûr-jē] the science
magn Latin — great, large and technology of extracting metals
magnanimity [măg-năn´-ə-mtē] from their ores
loftiness of spirit; the quality of being pyrometallurgy
noble and generous [pī´-rō-mĕt-l-ûr-jē] chemical
magnate [măg´-nāt] a person of metallurgy that depends on heat
high rank, power, influence, etc. in a action
specific field meter Greek — to measure
magni Latin — great, large acoumeter [ă´-koo-mē-tər]
magnification instrument that measures the
[măg-nĕ-fī-kā´-shən] the process of acuteness of hearing (physics)
making something look bigger than it anemometer [ăn-ə-mŏm´-ə-tər] an
really is instrument for measuring the force
magnificence [măg-nĭ ´-fĭ-səns] or speed of the wind; wind gauge
splendid or grand in size or barometer [bə-rŏm´-ĭ-tər]
appearance an instrument for measuring
magnify [măg´-nĭ-fī] to increase in atmospheric pressure
size; enlarge ergometer [ûr-gə´-mət-ər] a device
magniloquence for measuring work performance
[măg-nĭl´-ə-kwəns] excessive use esthesiometer [ĕs-thē-zē-öm´-ĕ-
of verbal ornamentation; pompous tər] an instrument used to measure
discourse tactile sensitivity
magnitude [măg´-nĭ-tüd] greatness sphygmomanometer
of size, volume, or extent [sfĭg-mō-mə-nŏm´-ə-tər] an
instrument that measures blood
mano Greek — gas pressure in the arteries
sphygmomanometer tachymeter [tă-kŏm´-ĕ-tər] device
[sfĭg-mō-mə-nŏm´-ə-tər] an for measuring speed of rotation
instrument that measures blood viscometer [vĭ-skŏm´-ĭ-tər]
pressure in the arteries instrument for measuring viscosity
mania Greek — intense craving metr Greek — to measure
narcomania [när-kō-mān´-ē-ə] barometric [băr-ə-mi´-trĭk] related to
abnormal craving for a drug to or indicated by a barometer
deaden pain
micro [combining form] Greek — small
medi Latin — half, middle, halfway microtome [mī´-krə-tōm] scientific
between instrument that cuts thin slices of
intermediary [ĭn-tər´-mē-dē-ĕr-ē] biological tissues for microscopic
a negotiator who acts as a link examination
between parties
intermediate [ĭn-tər-mē´-dē-ĭt] being mnem Greek — memory, remember
or happening between two other mnemonic [nĭ-mŏn´-ĭk] a short
related things, levels, or points rhyme, phrase, etc. for making
median [mē´-dē-ən] related to or information easier to remember
situated in the middle

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

mnes Greek — remember, memory narcohypnia [när-kō-hĭp´-nē-ə]

amnesia [ăm-nē´-zhə] loss of the numbness experienced upon
ability to remember awakening
amnesty [ăm´-nĭ-stē] pardon; narcomania [när-kō-mān´-ē-ə]
literally “forgetting a crime” abnormal craving for a drug to
cryptomnesia [krĕp-təm-nē´-zhə] deaden pain
a condition whereby experiences narcosynthesis
are believed to be original, but are [när-kō-sĭn´-thə-sĭs] a treatment of
actually based on memories of neurosis, requiring a patient to be
forgotten events under the influence of a hypnotic
drug
moll Latin — soft narcotic [när-kŏ´-tĕk] a drug used to
emollient [ə-mŏl´-yənt] something relieve pain and induce sleep
that has a softening or soothing nom Greek — name, law, custom, order
effect ergonomics [ûr-gə-nôm´-ĭks]
mollescence [mə-lĕ´-səns] a the scientific design of products,
softening machines, etc. to maximize user
mollification [mŏl-ə-fĭ-kā´-shən] safety, comfort, and efficiency
appeasement
mollify [mŏl´-ə-fī] to soothe the olig Greek — few
temper of; appease; soften oligarchy [ä-lə-ˌgär-kēˈō] rule by a
molluscacide [mə-lə´-skə-sīd] few
a chemical pesticide used to kill
mollusks ophthalm Greek — eye
.
xerophthalmia [zi r-əf-thăl´-mē-ə]
mollusk Latin — soft excessive dryness of the conjunctiva
mollusk [mōl´-ăsk] an invertebrate and cornea of the eye (medical)
animal having a soft unsegmented
body usually enclosed in a shell ornitho [combining form] Greek — bird
ornithophobia [ōr-nitho-fō´-bē-ə] an
mor Latin — stupid abnormal fear of birds
oxymoron [ŏk-se-môr´-ŏn] a
combination of contradictory or ortho Greek — straight, right
incongruous words orthodontics [ôr-thə-dŏn´-tĭks]
the branch of dentistry concerned
morph Greek — form with the prevention or correction of
amorphous [ə-môr´-fəs] without irregularities of the teeth
definite form; shapeless orthodox [ôr´-thə-dŏks] adhering to
dimorphic [dī-môr´-fĭk] occurring or what is commonly accepted
existing in two different forms orthography [ôr-thŏg´-rə-fē] spelling
metamorphosis in accord with accepted usage
[mĕt-ə-môr´-fə-sĕs] a complete orthopedist [ôr-thə-pēd´-ĭst] a
change of character, appearance, specialist in correcting deformities
condition, etc. of the skeletal system especially in
morphology [môr-fŏl´-ə-jē] the children
study of the form and structure of orthoscopic [ôr-thō-skŏp´-ĭk]
organisms related to seeing an image in correct
phytomorphic [fī-tō-mōr´-fĭk] having and normal proportion
attributes of a plant orthotics [ôr-thə´-tĭks] the science
that deals with the developing and
narc Greek — numbness, stupor fitting of medical devices
narcosis [när-kō´-sĭs] a state of
stupor or greatly reduced activity ox Greek — sharp, acid, acute
produced by a drug or other element antioxidant [ăn-tī-ŏk´-sə-dənt]
substance that counteracts oxidation
narco [combining form] Greek — dioxide [dī-ŏk´-sīd] an oxide
numbness, stupor containing two atoms of oxygen in
narcolepsy [när´-kō-lĕp-sē] a sleep the molecule
disorder characterized by sudden peroxide [pə-rŏk´-sīd] an oxide
and uncontrollable episodes of deep containing a relatively high
sleep proportion of oxygen

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

oxy Greek — sharp, acid, acute suspension [sə-spĕn´-shən] an

oxygenation [ŏk-sē-jĕ-nā´-shən] the interruption; literally, “to be left
process of providing oxygen hanging”
oxymoron [ŏk-sē-môr´-ŏn] a
combination of contradictory or peps Greek — digest
incongruous words dyspepsia [dĭs-pĕp´-sē-ə]
indigestion
oxysm Greek — sharp, acid, acute eupepsia [yoo-pĕp´-sē-ə]
paroxysm [păr-ək´-sĭz-əm] good digestion
a sudden and uncontrollable
expression of emotion pept Greek — digest
peptide [pĕp´-tīd] a compound with
paleo [combining form] Greek — ancient, amino bonds
old
Paleolithic [pā-lē-ə-lĭth´-ĭk] related petro Greek — rock
to the early Stone Age petroglyph [pĕt´-rə-glĭf] ancient
carving or inscription on rock
pater Latin — father petrographic [pĕt-rə-grăf´-ĭk]
paternal [pə-tûr´-nəl] related on the related to the systematic description
father’s side and classification of rocks using
paternity [pə-tûr´-nə-tē] the fact or microscopic examination
state of being a father; fatherhood petroleum [pə-trō´-lē-əm] crude oil
that occurs naturally in sedimentary
patho Greek — feeling, disease rocks and consists mainly of
phytopathogen [fī-tō-pă´-thə-jən] hydrocarbons
something that causes disease in petroliferous [pĕ-trə-lĭf´-ər-əs]
plants containing or yielding petroleum
petrology [pə-trōl´-ə-jē] the
patri Latin — father study of the origin, formation, and
expatriate [ĕks-pā´-trē-ăt] someone composition of rocks
who no longer lives in his or her own
country phag Greek — eat
patriarchal [pā-trē-är´-kəl] relating anthophagous [ăn-thŏ-fə-gəs´]
to or characteristic of a culture ruled feeding on flowers
by men anthropophagous
patricide [păt´-rə-sīd] the killing of a [ăn-thrə´-pŏf-ə-gəs] feeding
father by his own child on human flesh; cannibalistic
patrimony [păt´-rə-mō-nē] an esophagus [ĭ-sŏf´-ə-gəs] the part of
estate inherited from one’s father or the digestive tract that connects the
ancestor throat to the stomach ( medical)
repatriation [rē-pă-trē´-ā-shən] the geophagy [jē-ˈä-fə-jē] practice of
act of returning to one’s country of eating earthy substances (as clay) to
origin augment a scanty diet, or as part of
a cultural tradition
ped Latin — child ichthyophagous [ĭk-thē-ä´-fə-gəs]
orthopedist [ôr-thə-pēd´-ĭst] a fish-eating
specialist in correcting deformities phyllophagous [fĭ-lŏf ´-ə-gəs]
of the skeletal system, especially in feeding on leaves; leaf-eating
children phytophagous [fī-tŏf ´-ə-gəs] plant-
eating; herbivorous
pend Latin — hang, weigh sarcophagus [sär-kŏf ´-ə-gəs] an
appendage [ə-pĕn´-dĭj] a projecting ornamental stone coffin used to
body part; a secondary attachment decompose the flesh of the corpse
impending [ĭm-pĕn´-dĭng] that is within .
about to occur; imminent xerophagy [zi -rof ´-ə-jē] eating of
pendant [pĕn´-dənt] an ornamental, dry food
hanging object xylophagous [zī-lŏf ´-ə-gəs] feeding
pendulous [pĕn´-joo-ləs] hanging on wood
loosely or swinging freely
phago Greek — eat
pens Latin — hang, weigh esophagotomy [ĭ-săf-ə-gŏt´-ə-mē]
pensive [pĕn´-sĭv] thoughtfully incision through the wall of the
weighing an issue or problem esophagus (medical)

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

phil Greek — love, loving cryophyte [krī´-ə-fīt] a plant that can

anemophilous [ăn-ə-mŏf´-ə-ləs] live or grow on
. snow or ice
pollinated by the wind xerophyte [zi r´-ə-fīt] a plant
cryophilic [krī-ō-fĭl´-ĭk] capable of structurally adapted for growth in dry
living at low temperatures conditions
phob Greek — fear of phyto Greek — plant
agoraphobia [ăg-ə-rə-fō´-bē-ə] phytochrome [fī´-tŏ-krōm] the
abnormal fear of being in open or pigment in green plants that absorbs
public places light and controls dormancy,
ergophobia [ər-gə-fō´-bē-ə] flowering, and the germination of
abnormal and persistent fear of work seeds
or the workplace phytology [fī-tŏl´-ə-jē] the study of
hypnophobia [hĭp-nə-fō´-bē-ə] an plants; botany
abnormal fear of falling asleep phytomorphic [fī-tō-môr´-fĭk] having
ornithophobia [ōr-nitho-fō´-bē-ə] an attributes of a plant
abnormal fear of birds phytopathogen [fī-tō-pă´-thə-jən]
vermiphobia [vûr-mə-fō´-bē-ə] fear something that causes disease in
of worms plants
phytophagous [fī-tŏf´-ə-gəs] plant-
phone Greek — sound eating; herbivorous
xylophone [zī´-lə-fōn] a musical phytotherapy [fī-tō-thər´-ə-pē] the
instrument of flat, wooden bars of use of herbs and other plants to
different lengths that produce notes promote health and treat disease
when hit with sticks
plac Latin — please, soothe, gentle
phor Greek — bear, produce complacent [kəm-plā´-sənt] overly
euphoria [yoo-fōr´-ē-ə] a feeling of pleased with oneself or one’s
great joy, excitement, or well-being, situation; smug
almost to the point of exaggeration implacable [ĭm-plă´-kə-bəl] not
capable of being appeased or
phras Greek — speech pacified
tachyphrasia [tăk-ĭ-frā´-zhə] placebo [plə-sē´-bō] something
abnormally rapid yet fluent and done or said simply to reassure
articulate speech placid [plăs´-ĭd] calm in nature;
tranquil
phyllo Greek — leaf placidity [plə-sĭd´-ĭ-tē] the quality or
phyllophagous [fĭ-lŏf´-ə-gəs] feeling of being calm or composed
feeding on leaves; leaf-eating
platy [combining form] Greek — flat,
phys Greek — nature, growth broad
metaphysical [mĕt-ə-fĭz´-ĭkəl] platyhelminth [plăt-ē-hĕl´-mĭnth]
related to abstract reasoning; parasitic or free-living worms having
supernatural, immaterial a flattened body
metaphysics [mĕt-ə-fĭz´-ĭks] a platypus [plăt´-ĭ-pəs] an aquatic
branch of philosophy dealing with animal with a broad, flat bill
the nature of reality platyrrhine [plăt´-ĭ-rīn] characterized
physical [fĭz´-ĭ-kəl] of, or relating to by a broad, flat nose
the body
physician [fĭ-zĭsh´-ən] a person pod Greek — foot
skilled in the art of healing branchiopod [brăng´-kē-ə-pŏd]
physicist [fĭz´-ə-sĭst] a scientist aquatic crustacean with gills on its
whose specialty is physics feet
physics [fĭz´-ĭks] related to matter
and energy and their interactions poly [combining form] Greek — many
physiology [fĭz-ē-ŏl´-ə-jē] the polyglot [pŏl´-ē-glŏt] a person who
branch of the biological sciences speaks several different languages
that deals with the functioning of
organisms pon Latin — place, put
component [kəm-pō´-nənt] a part of
phyte Greek — plant something larger
anthophyte [ăn´-thə-fīt] a flowering exponent [ĕk-spō-nĕnt] one who
plant supports or promotes an idea or
belief

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

opponent [ə-pō´-nənt] one who pyro [combining form] Greek — fire, heat
takes an opposite position; rival pyrogenic [pī-rō-jĕn´-ĭk]
proponent [prō-pŏ´-nənt] one fever inducing
who argues in favor of something; pyrometallurgy [pī-rō-mĕt´-l-ûr-jē]
advocate chemical metallurgy that depends on
heat action
pone Latin — place, put
postpone [pōst-pōn´] to put rrhine Greek — nose
something off until a later time; delay platyrrhine [plăt´-ĭ-rīn] characterized
postponement [pōst-pōn´-mənt] by a broad, flat nose
the act of putting something off to a
future time sarco Greek — flesh
sarcophagus [sär-kŏf ´-ə-gəs] an
pose Latin — place, put ornamental stone coffin used to
expose [ĕk-pōs´] to leave something decompose the flesh of the corpse
without protection; to reveal within
something hidden
saur Greek — lizard
prot Greek — first, ahead ichthyosaur [ĭk´-thē-ə-sôr] an
protagonist [prĕ-tăg´-ə-nĭst] key extinct variety of fishlike marine
figure in a contest or dispute; main reptiles of the Mesozoic period
character in a novel pterosaur [tĕr´-ə-sôr] extinct flying
reptile
pter Greek — wing, feather
apterygial [ăp-tə-rĭj´-ē-əl] belonging scop Greek— look at, view, examine
to the group of animals without cryoscopy [krī-ŏs´-kə-pē]
paired wings, fins, or limbs the science dealing with the
brachypterous [bră-kĭp´-tər-əs] determination of the freezing points
short winged of liquid
pteridology [tĕr-ĕ-dŏl´-ə-jē] the dactyloscopy [dăk-tə-lŏ´-skə-pē]
branch of botany that studies ferns examination of fingerprints for
pterygoid [tĕr´-ə-goid] like a bird’s purposes of identification
wing in form or limbs orthoscopic [ôr-thō-skōp´-ĭk]
ptero Greek — wing, feather related to seeing an image in correct
and normal proportion
pterodactyl [tĕr-ə-dăk´-təl] winged-
fingered, prehistoric flying reptile scope Greek— look at, view, examine
pterosaur [tĕr´-ə-sor] extinct flying selenoscope [sĕ-lən´-ō-skōp]
reptile instrument for viewing the moon
pur Latin — clean tachistoscope [tă-kĭs´-tə-skōp]
instrument for rapidly showing
purity [pyoor´-ĭ-tē] the quality or
)

images on a screen to test

state of being clean perception
purg Latin — clean sec Latin— dry
expurgate [ĕks´-pər-gāt] to edit, to demi-sec [dĕm´-ē-sĕk] half-dry;
censor semi-dry
purge [pûrj] to cleanse or clear
secute Latin — follow
pus Greek — foot
persecute [pûr´-sə-kyoot] to
platypus [plăt´-ĭ-pəs] an aquatic oppress; to pester continually
animal with a broad, flat bill prosecute [prŏs´-ə-kyoot] to take
pyret Greek — fever legal action and bring someone
before a court
antipyretic [ăn-tē-pĭ-rĕt´-ĭk] drug
that relieves or reduces fever selen Greek — moon, brightness
apyretic [ā-pī-rĕt´-ĭk] without fever selenium [sə-lə´-nē-əm] a trace
pyreto [combining form] Greek — fever mineral that has light-sensitive
properties
pyretotherapy [pīr-ĭ-tō-thĕr´-ə-pē]
fever therapy selenosis [sĕ-lə-nō´-sĭs] poisoning
pyretotyphosis [pĭ-rə-tō-tĭ ´-fō-sĭs] caused by ingesting dangerously
the delirium of fever high amounts of selenium

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

seleno Greek — moon, brightness sphyx Greek — pulse

selenocentric [sə-lē-nə-sĕn´-trĭk] of asphyxiation [ăs-fĭk-sē-ā´-shən]
or relating to the center of the moon; act or process of causing suffocation
having the moon as center
selenodont [sə-lē´-nə-dänt] having stas Greek — standing still
molars with crowns formed of ecstasy [ĕk´-stə-sē] a state
crescent-shaped cusps beyond reason and self-control;
selenographer [sĕl-lə-nŏg´-rə-fûr] overwhelming emotion
expert in mapping the physical
features of the moon stat Greek — standing still
selenology [sĕ-lə-nŏl´-ə-jē] the stationary [stā´-shə-nĕr-ē] fixed in
study of the origin and physical position
characteristics of the moon
selenoscope [sĕ-lən´-ō-skōp] statis Greek — standing still
instrument for viewing the moon statistics [stə-tĭs´-tĭks] a collection
of numerical data, facts
sequ Latin — follow
consequence [kŏn´-sə-kwĕns] surg Latin — rise
the effect, result, or outcome of insurgent [ĭn-sür´-jənt] person
something occurring earlier involved in a rebellion against a
non sequitur [nŏn-sĕk´-wĕ-too r] a constituted authority
)

remark having no bearing on what resurgence [rē´-sür´-jənts]

has just been said arising again into life, activity, or
obsequious [ŏb-sē´-kwē-əs] overly prominence
eager to please or obey
sequential [sē-kwĕn´-shəl] following surrect Latin — rise
in regular succession without gaps insurrection [ĭn-sə-rĕk´-shən]
subsequent [sŭb´-sə-kwənt] a rising up against established
happening or existing after; later authority
sicc Latin — dry tachy Greek — fast
desiccant [dĕs´-ə-kənt] a substance tachycardia [tăk-ĭ-kär´-dē-ə] an
that promotes drying abnormally fast heartbeat
desiccator [dĕs´-ə-kā tər] glass tachygraphy [tă-kĭg´-rə-fē] the
jar with air-tight cover containing a art or technique of rapid writing or
drying agent shorthand
desiccation [dĕs-ə-kā´-shən] the tachymeter [tă´-kŏm´-ĭ-tər] device
process of extracting moisture for measuring speed of rotation
siccative [sĭk´-ə-tĭv] causing to dry; tachyon [tăk´-ē-ŏn] a hypothetical
drying subatomic particle that can travel
faster than the speed of light
somn Latin — sleep tachyphrasia [tăk-ĭ-frā´-zhə]
insomniac [ĭn-sŏm´-nē-ăk] person abnormally rapid yet fluent and
who is unable to sleep articulate speech
somnambulist [sŏm-năm´-byə-lĭst]
sleepwalker tachisto Greek — fast
somniferous [sŏm-nĭf´-ər-əs] sleep tachistoscope [tă-kĭs´-tə-skōp]
inducing instrument for rapidly showing
images on a screen to test
sphere Greek — ball perception
.
lithosphere [lĭth´-ə-sfi r] the solid
outer part of Earth composed of rock ten Latin — hold
detention [dĭ-tĕn´-shən] the act of
sphygm Greek — pulse detaining or holding back
sphygmic [sfĭg´-mĭk] of, or retentive [rĭ-tĕn´-tĭv] tending to
pertaining to the circulatory pulse retain or hold on to
tenable [tĕn´-ə-bəl] able to be held
sphygmo Greek — pulse for a specified time
sphygmomanometer tenacious [tĕ-nā´-shəs] holding
[sfĭg-mō-mə-nŏm´-ə-tər] an firmly
instrument which measures blood tenure [tĕn´-yər] the term during
pressure in the arteries which some position is held
untenable [ən-tĕn´ -ə-bəl] not able
to be defended or justified

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

terr Latin — land; Earth esophagotomy [ĭ-săf-ə-gŏt´-ə-

mediterranean [mĕd-ĭ-tə-rā´-nē-ən] mē] incision through the wall of the
enclosed or nearly enclosed with esophagus (medical)
land
trauma Greek — shock or wound
therap Greek — treatment trauma [trə-mă] severe shock
cryotherapy [krī-ō-thĕr´-ə-pē] caused by an injury
therapeutic use of cold
hypnotherapy [hĭp-nō-thĕr´-ə-pē] traumat Greek — shock or wound
the use of hypnosis in treating post-traumatic [pōst-trə-măt´-ĭk]
illness or emotional problems occurring as a result of or after injury
phytotherapy [fī-tō-thĕr´-ə-pē] the traumatic [trə-măt´-ĭk] relating to a
use of herbs and other plants to physical or emotional wound
promote health and treat disease
pyretotherapy [pīr-ĭ-tō-thĕr´-ə-pē] trop Greek — turn
fever therapy anemotropism
[ăn-ə-mŏ-trə´-pĭz-əm] orientation in
therm Greek — heat response to air currents
xerothermic [zir-ə-thûr´-mĭk] of, or
pertaining to a hot and dry climactic troph Greek — nourish
period atrophy [ă´-trə-fē] to waste away or
to decrease in size as of a body part
thes Greek — to place, to put or tissue
antithesis [ăn-tĭth´-ĭ-sĭs] exact dystrophy [dĭs´-trə-fē] any
opposite, contrast degenerative disorder resulting from
narcosynthesis inadequate or faulty nutrition
[när-kō-sĭn´-thə-sĭs] a treatment of hypertrophy [hī-pûr´-trə-fē]
neurosis, requiring a patient to be excessive growth or enlargement of
under the influence of a hypnotic a body part or organ
drug trophic [trō´-fĭk] of, or relating to
thesis [thē´-sĭs] the central idea in a nutrition
piece of writing
trude Latin — thrust
thet Greek — to place, to put intrude [ĭn-trood´] to enter uninvited
antithetic [ăn-tə-thĕt´-ĭk] directly protrude [prō-trood´] to bulge or
contrasting or opposite extend forward
thorax Greek — chest trus Latin — thrust
cephalothorax [sĕf-ĕ-lō-thôr´-ăks] extrusion [ĕk-stroo´-zhən] the
fused head and thorax of an action of squeezing something out
arachnid or higher crustacean by pressure
intrusion [ĭn-troo´-zhən] a
tme Greek — cut disturbance; an invasion of
tmesis [tə-mē´-sĭs] separation of a someone’s privacy
compound word by interposition of protrusive [prō-troo´-sĭv] jutting or
another word thrusting forward
unobtrusive [ŭn-əb-troo´-sĭv]
tome Greek — cut inconspicuous; not standing out
epitome [ĭ-pĭt´-ə-mē] a summary or
typical example of something tum Latin — swell
microtome [mī ´-krə-tōm] scientific contumacious [kän-tü-mā´-shəs]
instrument that cuts thin slices of willfully obstinate
biological tissues for microscopic tumescence [too-mĕs´-əns]
examination condition of being swollen or
enlarged
tumultuous [tə-mul´-choo-əs] full of
)

tomy Greek — cut

anatomy [ə-năt´-tə-mē] the scientific commotion and uproar
study of the body and how its parts tumori Latin — swell
are arranged
appendectomy [ăp-ən-dĕk´-tə-mē] tumorigenic [too-mər-ĭ-jĭn´-ĭk]
producing or tending to produce
the surgical removal of the appendix tumors

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

turb Latin — commotion, agitation viscous [vĭs´-kəs] thick and sticky;

disturbance [dĭ-stûr´-bəns] an not free-flowing
interruption of a state of peace or
quiet visco Latin — sticky
perturbation [pər-tûrb´ zhən] action viscoelasticity
of agitating; anxiety [vĭs-kō-ĭ-lăs-tĭ ´-sĭ-tē] being both
turbidity [tûr-bĭd´-ĭ-tē] muddiness viscous and elastic simultaneously
created by stirring up sediment or by viscometer [vĭ-skŏm´-ĭ-tər]
having foreign particles suspended instrument for measuring viscosity
turbine [tûr´-bīn] a machine for
producing power in which a wheel vor Latin — eat
is made to revolve by a fast-moving vermivorous [vûr-mĭv´-ər-əs]
flow of water, steam, gas, or air feeding on worms
turbulence [tûr´-byə-ləns] a state of xer Greek — dry
confusion and disorder .
xerophthalmia [zi r-əf-thăl´-mē-ə]
type Greek — model, impression excessive dryness of the conjunctiva
archetype [är´-kĭ-tīp] an original and cornea of the eye (medical)
model on which something is xero [combining form] Greek — dry
patterned; prototype .
xeroderma [zi r-ô-dûr´-mə] abnormal
typh Greek — stupor, fog dryness of the skin
. (medical)
pyretotyphosis xerographic [zi r-ə-grăf ´-ĕk]
[pĭ-rə-tō-tĭ ´-fō-sĭs] the delirium of related to electrophotography or dry
fever photocopying
xerography [zĭ-rŏg´-rə-fē] method of
urg Greek — work, power dry photocopying in which the image
metallurgy [mĕt´-l-ûr-jē] the science is transferred by using the forces of
and technology of extracting metals electric charges
.
from their ores xerophagy [zi -rof ´-ə-jē] eating of
pyrometallurgy dry food
xerophyte [zĭr´-ə-fīt] a plant
[pī-rō-mĕt´-l-ûr-jē] chemical structurally adapted for growth in dry
metallurgy that depends on heat conditions
action .
xerothermic [zi r-ə-thûr´-mĭk] of, or
verm Latin — worm pertaining to a hot and dry climactic
period
vermin [vûr´-mĕn] any of various
small animals or insects that are xyl Greek — wood
pests; e.g.; cockroaches or rats xyloid [zī´-loid] resembling or like
verminous [vûr´-mə-nəs] of the wood in nature
nature of vermin; very offensive or xylose [zī ´-lōz] a sugar extracted
repulsive from wood
vermi Latin — worm xylo [combining form] Greek — wood
vermicelli [vûr-mə-chĕl´-ē] pasta in xylographer [zī-lŏg´-rə-fər] one who
strings thinner than spaghetti is skilled in artistic wood carving
vermicide [vûr´-mə-sīd] a substance xylology [zī-lŏ´-lō-gē] the study of
used to kill worms the structure of wood
vermifugal [vûr-mə-fyoo´-gəl] xylophagous [zī-lŏf ´-ə-gəs] feeding
)

tending to expel worms on wood

vermiphobia [vûr-mə-fō´-bē-ə] fear xylophone [zī ´-lə-fōn] a musical
of worms instrument of flat, wooden bars of
vermivorous [vûr-mĭv´-ər-əs] different lengths that produce notes
feeding on worms when hit with sticks
visc Latin — sticky
viscid [vĭs´-ĭd] having the qualities
of glue
viscidly [vĭs´-ĭd-lē] in a sticky
manner
viscosity [vĭs-kŏs´-sĭ-tē] thickness
of a liquid or its resistance to flow

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

Greek and Latin Suffixes

-able Latin — able to be ygi-al Latin — like, related to; an action or
culpable [kŭl´-pə-bəl] deserving blame process
implacable [ĭm-plă´-kə-bəl] not capable apterygial [ăp-tə-rĭj ´-ē-əl] belonging
of being appeased or pacified to the group of animals without paired
tenable [tĕn´-ə-bəl] able to be held for a wings, fins, or limbs
specified time
untenable [ən-tĕn´-ə-bəl] not able to be -an Latin — like, related to
defended or justified median [mē´-dē-ən] related to or
situated in the middle
i-ac Greek — one who; related to,
pertaining to -ance Latin — state, quality, act
insomniac [ĭn-sŏm´-nē-ăk] person who disturbance [dĭ-stûr´-bəns] an
is unable to sleep interruption of a state of peace or quiet
-acious Latin — having the quality of -anean Latin — having the quality of
contumacious [kän-tü-mā´-shəs] mediterranean [mĕd-ĭ-tə-rā´-nē-ən]
willfully obstinate enclosed or nearly enclosed with land
tenacious [tĕ-nā´-shəs] holding firmly
-ant Latin — one who, that which; state,
-age Latin — state, quality, act quality
appendage [ə-pĕn´-dĭj] a projecting desiccant [dĕs´-ə-kənt] a substance
body part; a secondary attachment that promotes drying
collage [kə-läzh´] an artistic composition pendant [pĕn´-dənt] an ornamental,
made of various materials, such as hanging object
paper, cloth, or wood, glued on a
surface id-ant Latin — one who, that which; state,
foliage [fō´-lē-ĭj] leaves, as of a plant or quality
tree antioxidant [ăn-tī-ŏk´-sə-dənt]
substance that counteracts oxidation
-al Latin — like, related to; an action or
process -arious Latin — of, related to
branchial [brăng´-kē-əl] of, or relating to gregarious [grĭ-găr´-ē-əs] fond of
gills company; sociable
medieval [mēd-ē´-vəl] relating or
belonging to the Middle Ages -arium Latin — place where
patriarchal [pā-trē-är´kəl] relating to or glaciarium [glā-shē-ăr´-ē-ŭm] a skating
characteristic of a culture ruled by men rink with a floor of artificial ice
vermifugal [vûr-mə-fyoo ´-gəl] tending to
)

expel worms -ary Latin — that which; someone or

something that belongs to; of, related to;
i-al Latin — like, related to; an action or one who
process cinerary [sĕn´-ə-ră-rē] containing or
influential [ĭn-floo-ən´-shəl] having used for ashes
a great deal of power to change glossary [glÔs´-ə-rē] an alphabetical
something list of specialized words with their
sequential [sē-kwĕn´-shəl] following in definitions, usually at the back of a book
regular succession without gaps intermediary [ĭn-tər-mē´-dē-ĕr-ē] a
negotiator who acts as a link between
ic-al Latin — like, related to; an action or parties
process stationary [stā´-shə-nĕr-ē] fixed in
metaphysical [mēta-fĭz´-ĭ-kəl] related position
to abstract reasoning; supernatural,
immaterial -ate Latin — to make, to act; one who, that
physical [fĭz´-ĭ-kəl] of, or relating to the which
body abranchiate [ā-brăng´-kē-ĭt] lacking gills
physically [fĭz´-ĭ-kəl-lē] in a physical coarctate [cō-ärk´-tāt] pressed together;
manner; in respect to the body closely connected
exculpate [ĕks-kŭl´-pāt] to clear from
n-al Latin — like, related to; an action or alleged fault or guilt; to free from blame
process
paternal [pə-tûr´-nəl] related on the
father’s side

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

expatriate [ĕks-pā´-trē-āt] someone it-ation Latin — an action or process

who no longer lives in his or her own felicitation [fĭ-lĭs-ĭ-tā´-shən] an
country expression of pleasure at the success or
expurgate [ĕks´-pər-gāt] to edit, to good fortune of another
censor
inculpate [ĭn-kŭl´-pāt] to incriminate; to iz-ation Latin — an action or process
blame cinematization
intermediate [ĭn-tər-mē´-dē-ĭt] being or [sĭn-ə-mə-tĭ-zā´-shən] the process of
happening between two other related adapting a novel, play, etc. for film or
things, levels, or points movies
magnate [măg´-nāt] a person of high
rank, power, influence, etc. in a specific tu-ation Latin — an action or process
field fluctuation [flŭk-choo-ā´-shən] variation
in level, degree; constant change
-ation Latin — an action or process
coarctation [cō-ärk-tā´-shən] a -cene Greek — new, recent
narrowing or constriction Eocene [ē´-ə-sēn] relating to the second
congregation [kŏn-grĭ-gā´-shən] a epoch of the Tertiary period
group of people or things gathered
together; gathering -celli Latin — small
desiccation [dĕs-ə-kā´-shən] the vermicelli [vûr-mə-chĕl´-ē] pasta in
process of extracting moisture strings thinner than spaghetti
exasperation [ĭg-zăs-pə-rā´-shən]
annoyance and frustration -cide Latin — kill
incantation [ĭn-kăn-tā´-shən] the patricide [păt´-rə-sīd] the killing of a
chanting of supposedly magic words father by his own child
mediation [mē-dē-ā´-shən] the process vermicide [vûr´-mə-sīd] a substance
of resolving differences used to kill worms
oxygenation [ŏk-sē-jĕ-nā´-shən] the
process of providing oxygen usca-cide Latin — kill
perturbation [pur-tər-ba-tā´-shən] an molluscacide [mə-lə´-skə-sīd] a
action of agitating anxiety chemical pesticide used to kill mollusks
recantation [rē-că-nt´-ā-shən] the
withdrawing of something previously i-cle Latin — small
said canticle [kăn´-tĭ-kəl] a hymn derived
repatriation [rē-pă-trē´-ā-shən] the act from the Bible; literally, a “little” song
of returning to one’s country of origin
-ebo Latin — something tending to
ific-ation Latin — an action or process placebo [plə-sē´-bō] something done or
fortification [fōrt-ə-fə-kā´-shən] the act said simply to reassure
or process of strengthening
mollification [mŏl-ə-fĭ-kā´-shən] -ence Latin — state, quality, act
appeasement affluence [ăf´-loo-ăns] an abundance of
material wealth
i-ation Latin — an action or process consequence [kŏn´-sə-kwĕns] the
asphyxiation [ăs-fĭk-sē-ā´-shən] act or effect, result, or outcome of something
process of causing suffocation occurring earlier
deglaciation [dē-glā-sē-ā´-shən] the magniloquence [măg-nĭl´-ə-kwəns]
gradual melting away of a glacier from excessive use of verbal ornamentation;
the surface of a landmass pompous discourse
glaciation [glā-sē-ā´-shən] the process resurgence [rē-sür´-jəns] a rising again
of being covered or covering with into life, activity, or prominence
masses of ice
-ency Latin — state, quality, act
fic-ation Latin — an action or process fluency [floo´-ən-sē] effortless
magnification [măg-nĭ-fī-kā´-shən] expression
the process of making something look
bigger than it really is fic-ence Latin — state, quality, act
magnificence [măg-nĭ ´-fĭ-səns]
ill-ation Latin — an action or process splendid or grand in size or appearance
cantillation [kän-tə-lā´-shən] the action
of unaccompanied chanting in free ul-ence Latin — state, quality, act
rhythm turbulence [tûr´-byə-ləns] a state of
confusion and disorder

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

-ent Latin — one who, that which; like, i-ferous Latin — producing
related to somniferous [sŏm-nĭf´-ər-əs] sleep
complacent [kəm-plā´-sənt] overly inducing
pleased with oneself or one’s situation;
smug li-ferous Latin — producing
component [kəm-pō´-nənt] a part of petroliferous [pĕ-trə-lĭf ´-ər-əs]
something larger containing or yielding petroleum
effluent [ĕf´-loo-ənt] flowing outward or
forward -fy Latin — to do, to make, to act
exponent [ĕk-spō-nĕnt] one who magnify [măg´-nĭ-fī] to increase in size;
supports or promotes an idea or belief enlarge
influential [ĭn-floo-ən´-shəl] having
a great deal of power to change i-fy Latin — to do, to make, to act
something mollify [mŏl´-ə-fī] to soothe the temper
insurgent [ĭn-sür´-jənt] person involved of; appease; soften
in a rebellion against a constituted
authority -ia Greek — condition
opponent [ə-pō´-nənt] one who takes agoraphobia [ăg-ə-rə-fō´-bē-ə] an
an opposite position; rival abnormal fear of being in open or public
proponent [prō-pō´-nənt] one who places
argues in favor of something; advocate amnesia [ăm-nē´-zhə] loss of the ability
sequential [sē-kwĕn´-shəl] following in to remember
regular succession without gaps aortarctia [ā-ôr-tark´-shə] narrowing of
subsequent [sŭb´-sə-kwənt] happening the aorta
or existing after; later cryptomnesia [krĭp-təm-nē´-zhə] a
condition whereby experiences are
i-ent Latin —
­ one who, that which; like, believed to be original, but are actually
related to based on memories of forgotten events
emollient [ə-mŏl´-yənt] something that dyspepsia [dĭs-pĕp´-sē-ə] indigestion
has a softening or soothing effect echolalia [ĕk-ō-lā´-lē-ə] involuntary
parrot-like repetition of a word or phrase
-er Latin — one who, that which just spoken by another; echoing
anther [ăn´-thər] the part of a flower that ergophobia [ər-gə-fō´-bē-ə] abnormal
contains pollen and persistent fear of work or the
selenographer [sĕl-lə-nŏg´-rə-fûr] workplace
expert in mapping the physical features eupepsia [yoo-pĕp´-sē-ə] good
of the moon digestion
xylographer [zī-lŏg´-rə-fər] one who is euphoria [yoo-fōr´-ē-ə] feeling of great
skilled in artistic wood carving joy, excitement, or well-being, almost to
the point of exaggeration
-escence Latin — growing glossolalia [glös-ō-lā´-lē-ə] repetitive
tumescence [too-mĕs´-əns] condition of non-meaningful speech
being swollen or enlarged hypnophobia [hĭp-nə-fō´-bē-ə] an
mollescence [mə-lĕ´-səns] a softening abnormal fear of falling asleep
narcohypnia [när-kō-hĭp´-nē-ə]
-esia Greek — action, process numbness experienced upon awakening
anesthekinesia [ăn-ĭs-thē-kĭ-nē´-zhə] ornithophobia [ōr-nitho-fō´-bē-ə] an
loss of sensibility and motor power abnormal fear of birds
anesthesia [ăn-ĭs-thē´-zhə] medically tachycardia [tăk-ĭ-kär´-dē-ə] an
induced insensitivity to pain abnormally fast heartbeat
tachyphrasia [tăk-ĭ-frā´-zhə] abnormally
-esis Greek — action rapid yet fluent and articulate speech
kinesthesis [kĭn-ĭs-thē´-sĕs] the ability vermiphobia [vûr-mə-fō´-bē-ə] fear of
to feel movements of the limbs and body worms .
xerophthalmia [zi r-əf-thăl´-mē-ə]
-ete Old French — one who excessive dryness of the conjunctiva
aesthete [ĕs´-thēt] one who has or and cornea of the eye (medical)
affects artistic perception or appreciation
of beauty ic-ian Latin — one who
physician [fĭ-zĭsh´-ən] a person skilled
l-eum Latin — that which in the art of healing
petroleum [pə-trō´-lē-əm] crude oil that
occurs naturally in sedimentary rocks
and consists mainly of hydrocarbons

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

t-ible Latin — able to be, of, related to et-ic Latin — like, related to
combustible [kəm-bŭs´-tə-bəl] able to aesthetic [ĕs-thĕt´-ĭk] related to the
burn easily enjoyment or study of beauty
incombustible [ĭn-kəm-bŭs´-tə-bəl] not anesthetic [ăn-ĭs-thĕt´-ĭk] related
capable of being burned to causing temporary loss of bodily
sensations
-ic Latin — like, related to kinetic [kə-nĕ´-tĭk] related to movement
anechoic [ăn-ĕ-kō´-ĭk] free from echoes
and reverberations ist-ic Latin — like, related to
antipyretic [ăn-tē-pĭ-rĕt´-ĭk] drug that antagonistic [ăn-tăg-ə-nĭst´-ĭk]
relieves or reduces fever contending with or opposing another;
antithetic [ăn-tə-thĕt´-ĭk] directly adversarial
contrasting or opposite holistic [hō-lĭs´-tĭk] involving all of
apyretic [ā-pī-rĕt´-ĭk] without fever something
archaic [är-kā´-ĭk] belonging to an
earlier period; ancient on-ic Latin — like, related to
barometric [băr-ə-mĕ´-trĭk] related to or mnemonic [nĭ-mŏn´-ĭk] a short rhyme,
indicated by a barometer phrase, etc. for making information
cephalic [sĕ-făl´-ĭk] of, or relating to, the easier to remember
head
cinematic [sĭn-ə-măt´-ĭk] relating to the st-ic Latin — like, related to
production or showing of motion pictures acoustic [ə-koo´ -stĭk] related to hearing
cryophilic [krī-ō-fĭl´-ĭk] capable of living or to sound as it is heard
at low temperatures
dimorphic [dī-môr´-fĭk] occurring or t-ic Latin — like, related to
existing in two different forms narcotic [när-kŏ´-tĭk] a drug used to
echoic [ĕ-kō´-ĭk] formed in imitation of relieve pain and induce sleep
some natural sound
elastic [ĭ-lăs-tĭk] stretchable, flexible -ics Latin — science, related to, system
isobaric [ī-sə-bär´-ĭk] showing equal cryogenics [krī-ō-jĕn´-ĭks] the science
pressure that deals with the production of
orthoscopic [ôr-thō-skŏp´-ĭk] related to extremely low temperatures (physics)
seeing an image in correct and normal ergonomics [ûr-gə-nÔm´-ĭks] the
proportion scientific design of products, machines,
Paleolithic [pā-lē-ə-lĭth´-ĭk] related to etc. to maximize user safety, comfort,
the early Stone Age and efficiency
petrographic [pĕt-rə-grăf´-ĭk] related hieroglyphics [hī-rə-glĭf´-ĭks] the picture
to the systematic description and script of the ancient Egyptian priesthood
classification of rocks using microscopic metaphysics [mĕt-ə-fĭz´-ĭks] a branch
examination of philosophy dealing with the nature of
phytomorphic [fī-tō-mōr´-fĭk] having reality
attributes of a plant orthodontics [ôr-thə-dŏn´-tĭks] the
post-traumatic [pōst-trə-măt´-ĭk] branch of dentistry concerned with the
occurring as a result of or after injury prevention or correction of irregularities
pyrogenic [pī-rō-jĕn´-ĭk] of the teeth
fever inducing physics [fĭz´-ĭks] related to matter and
selenocentric [sə-lē-nə-sĕn´-trĭk] of energy and their interactions
or relating to the center of the moon;
having the moon as center t-ics Latin — science, related to, system
sphygmic [sfĭg´-mĭk] of, or pertaining to orthotics [ôr-thə´-tĭks] the science that
the circulatory pulse deals with the developing and fitting of
traumatic [trə-măt´-ĭk] relating to a medical devices
physical or emotional wound statistics [stə-tĭs´-tĭks] a collection of
trophic [trō´-fĭk] of, or relating to numerical data, facts
nutrition
tumorigenic [too-mər-ĭ-jĭn´-ĭk] -id Latin — like, related to
producing or tending to produce tumors placid [plăs´-ĕd] calm in nature; tranquil
.
xerographic [zi r-ə-grăf ´-ĭk] related to placidity [plə-sĭd´-ĭ-tē] the quality or
electrophotography feeling of being calm or composed
. or dry photocopying
xerothermic [zi r-ə-thûr´-mĭk] of, or viscid [vĭs´-ĭd] having the qualities of
pertaining to a hot and dry climactic glue
period

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

-ide Latin — thing belonging to stationary [stā´-shə-nĕr-ē] fixed in

dioxide [dī-ŏk´-sīd] an oxide containing position
two atoms of oxygen in the molecule suspension [sə-spĕn´-shən] an
peptide [pĕp´-tīd] a compound with interruption; literally, “to be left hanging”
amino bonds -ions Latin — an action or process; state,
peroxide [pə-rŏk´-sīd] an oxide quality, act
containing a relatively high proportion of
oxygen repercussions [rē-pər-kŭsh´-əns] the
effects, often indirect or remote, of some
-ier Latin — that which event or action
glacier [glā´-shər] a slowly moving mass -is Latin — thing which
of ice
antithesis [ăn-tĭth´-ĭ-sĭs] exact opposite,
-in Latin — like, related to; thing which contrast
melanin [mĕl´-ə-nĭn] a brownish-black epiglottis [ĕp-ə-glŏt´-əs] a small flap at
pigment found in skin the back of the tongue that covers the
vermin [vûr´-mĭn] any of various small windpipe during swallowing
animals or insects that are pests; e.g. narcosynthesis [när-kō-sĭn´-thə-sĭs] a
cockroaches or rats treatment of neurosis, requiring a patient
verminous [vûr´-mə-nəs] of the nature to be under the influence of a hypnotic
of vermin; very offensive or repulsive drug
thesis [thē´-sĭs] the central idea in a
-ine Latin — like, related to piece of writing
turbine [tûr´-bīn] a machine for -ism Latin — act, state, condition
producing power in which a wheel is
made to revolve by a fast-moving flow of anemotropism [ăn-ə-mŏ-trə´-pĭz-əm]
water, steam, gas, or air orientation in response to air currents

all-ine Latin — like, related to -ist Latin — one who

crystalline [krĭs´-tə-lĭn] of the nature of anesthesiologist
crystals [ăn-ĭs-thē-zē-ä´-lə-jĭst] a doctor who
specializes in administering drugs to
-ing Old English — related to prevent or relieve pain during surgery
impending [ĭm-pĕn´-dĭng] that is about glaciologist [glā-sē-ŏl´-ə-jĭst] an expert
to occur; imminent in the formation, movements, etc. of
glaciers
-ion Latin — an action or process; state, orthopedist [ôr-thə-pēd´-ĭst] a specialist
quality, act in correcting deformities of the skeletal
concussion [kən-kŭsh´-ən] an injury to system especially in children
the brain, often resulting from a blow to protagonist [prō-tăg-ə-nĕst´] key figure
the head in a contest or dispute; main character
deglaciation [dē-glā-sē-ā´-shən] the in a novel
gradual melting away of a glacier from somnambulist [sŏm-năm´-byə-lĭst]
the surface of a landmass sleepwalker
echolocation [ĕk-ō-lō-kā ´-shən] a
means of locating an object using an ic-ist Latin — one who
emitted sound and the reflection back physicist [fĭz´-ə-sĭst] a scientist whose
from it specialty is physics
exasperation [ĭg-zăs-pə-rā´-shən]
annoyance and frustration t-ist Latin — one who
extrusion [ĕk-stroo´-zhən] the action of hypnotist [hĭp´-nə-tĭst] a person who
squeezing something out by pressure uses hypnosis as a form of treatment
glaciation [glā-sē-ā´-shən] the process
of being covered or covering with -itis Greek — inflammation
masses of ice encephalitis [ĕn-sĕf-ə-lī ´-tĭs]
insurrection [ĭn-sə-rĕk´-shən] a rising inflammation of the brain
up against established authority glossitis [glÔ-sī ´-təs] inflammation of
intrusion [ĕn-troo´-zhən] a disturbance; the tongue
an invasion of someone’s privacy
percussion [pər-kŭsh´-ən] the group -ity Latin — state, quality, act
of instruments that produces sound by asperity [ă-spĕr´-ĭ-tē] harshness or
being struck, such as drums, cymbals, severity of manner or tone
and tambourines felicity [fĭ-lĭs´-ə-tē] pleasing and
appropriate manner; happiness

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

magnanimity [măg-năn´-ə-mtē] selenology [sĕ-lə-nŏl´-ə-jē] the study of

loftiness of spirit; the quality of being the origin and physical characteristics of
noble and generous the moon
purity [pyoo r´-ĭ-tē] the quality or state of xylology [zī-lŏ´-lō-gē] the study of the

)
being clean structure of wood
ic-ity Latin — state, quality, act id-ly Old English — in the manner of
viscoelasticity viscidly [vĭs´-ĭd-lē] in a sticky manner
[vĭs-kō-ĭ-lăs-tĭ´-sĭ-tē] being both viscous
and elastic simultaneously -ma Latin — something done
dogma [dôg´-mə] something held as an
id-ity Latin — state, quality, act established opinion
placidity [plə-sĭd´-ĭ-tē] the quality or
feeling of being calm or composed -ment Latin — that which
turbidity [tûr-bĭd´-ĭ-tē] muddiness postponement [pōst-pōn´-mənt] the act
created by stirring up sediment or by of putting something off to a future time
having foreign particles suspended
-mony Latin — state, quality, that which
n-ity Latin — state, quality, act patrimony [păt´-rə-mō-nē] an estate
paternity [pə-tûr´-nə-tē] the fact or state inherited from one’s father or ancestor
of being a father; fatherhood
-ness Latin — state, quality
s-ity Latin — state, quality, act succinctness [sək-ˈsiŋ nes] the quality
viscosity [vĭs-kŏs´-sĭ-tē] thickness of a of expressing things in few words;
liquid or its resistance to flow conciseness

-ium Latin — chemical element -oid Greek — resembling

selenium [sə-lə´-nē-əm] a trace mineral colloid [käl´-oid] a gelatinous substance
that has light-sensitive properties xyloid [zī´-loid] resembling or like wood
in nature
-ive Latin — tending to or performing
pensive [pĕn´-sĭv] thoughtfully weighing yg-oid Greek — resembling
an issue or problem pterygoid [tĕr´-ə-goid] like a bird’s wing
protrusive [prō-troo´-sĭv] jutting or in form or limbs
thrusting forward
unobtrusive [ŭn-əb-troo´-sĭv] -olog Greek — study of, science
inconspicuous; not standing out anesthesiologist [ăn-ĭs-thē-zē-ä´-lə-jĭst]
a doctor who specializes in
at-ive Latin — tending to or performing administering drugs to prevent or relieve
siccative [sĭk´-ə-tĭv] causing to dry; pain during surgery
drying
i-olog Greek — study of, science
t-ive Latin — tending to or performing glaciologist [glā-sē-ŏl´-ə-jĭst] an expert
retentive [rĭ-tĕn´-tĭv] tending to retain or in the formation, movements, etc. of
hold on to glaciers
-lite Greek — stone -ology Greek — study of, science
ichthyolite [ĭk-thē´-ō-līt] a fossil fish or doxology [dŏk-sŏl´-ə-jē] a liturgical
fragment of a fish formula of praise to God
morphology [môr-fŏl´-ə-jē] the study of
-logy Greek — study of, science the form and structure of organisms
anemology [ăn-ə-mŏl´-ə-jē] the study of
the movements of the winds esi-ology Greek — study of, science
dactylology [dăk-tĕl-lĭ´-lä-jē] the kinesiology [kə-nē-sē-ŏl´-ə-jē] the study
science of communicating by using hand of human musculoskeletal movement
signs; sign language
ichthyology [ĭk-thē-ŏl´-ə-jē] the study of i-ology Greek — study of, science
fish glaciology [glā-sē-ŏl´-ə-jē] the scientific
petrology [pə-trŏl´-ə-jē] the study of the study of the nature, formation, and
origin, formation, and composition of movement of glaciers
rocks physiology [fĭz-ē-ŏl´-ə-jē] the branch of
phytology [fī-tŏl´-ə-jē] the study of the biological sciences that deals with
plants; botany the functioning of organisms

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

id-ology Greek — study of, science anthophagous [ăn-thŏ´-fə-gəs] feeding

pteridology [tĕr-ĭ-dŏl´-ə-jē] the branch on flowers
of botany that studies ferns anthropophagous [än-thrə-pŏf´-ə-gəs]
feeding on human flesh; cannibalistic
-oma Greek — growth, tumor brachypterous [bră-kĭp´-tər-əs] short
melenoma [mĕl-ə-nō´-mə] a type of skin winged
cancer that appears as a dark mark or collagenous [kə-lä ´-jə-nəs] forming or
growth on the skin producing collagen
ichthyophagous [ĭk-thē-ä´-fə-gəs]
-on Greek — quality, state fish-eating
oxymoron [ŏk-sē-môr´-ŏn] a phyllophagous [fĭ-lŏf ´-ə-gəs] feeding
combination of contradictory or on leaves; leaf-eating
incongruous words phytophagous [fī-tŏf ´-ə-gəs] plant-
tachyon [tăk´-ē-ŏn] a hypothetical eating; herbivorous
subatomic particle that can travel faster verminous [vûr´-mə-nəs] of the nature
than the speed of light of vermin; very offensive or repulsive
vermivorous [vûr-mĭv´-ər-əs] feeding
at-or Latin — one who, that which; condition, on worms
state, quality viscous [vĭs´-kəs] thick and sticky; not
desiccator [dĕs´-ə-kātər] glass jar with free-flowing
air-tight cover containing a drying agent xylophagous [zī-lŏf´ -ə-gəs] feeding on
incinerator [ĭn-sĭn´-ə-rā-tər] a furnace wood
for burning waste under controlled i-ous Latin — having the quality of
conditions
obsequious [ŏb-sē´-kwē-əs] overly
at-ory Latin — place where eager to please or obey
ambulatory [am-byə-lə-ˌtȯr-ē] able to it-ous Latin — having the quality of
walk and not confined to bed
lavatory [lăv´-ə-tôr-ē] a room equipped infelicitous [ĭn-fə-lĭs´-ĭ-təs] unsuitable;
with toilet facilities inappropriate

-ose Latin — having the quality of, a -sis Greek — action, process
carbohydrate tmesis [tə-mē´-sĭs] separation of a
foliose [fō´-lē-ōs] covered with leaves; compound word by interposition of
leafy another word
xylose [zī ´-lōz] a sugar extracted from -tion Latin — state, quality, act
wood
ablution [ă-bloo´-shən] a washing of the
-osis Greek — condition body, especially as a religious ceremony
hypnosis [hĭp-nō´-sĭs] a state that combustion [kəm-bŭs´-chən] act or
resembles sleep but is induced by process of burning
suggestion detention [dĭ-tĕn´-shən] the act of
ichthyosis [ĭk-thē-ō´-sĭs] congenital detaining or holding back
disease in which the skin is fishlike–dry dilution [dī-loo´-shən] something
and scaly (medical) watered down; less concentrated
metamorphosis [mĕt-ə-môr´-fə-sĭs] a-trice Latin — feminine
a complete change of character,
appearance, condition, etc. cantatrice [kăn´-tə-trēs] female
narcosis [när-kō´-sĭs] a state of stupor professional singer
or greatly reduced activity produced by -tude Latin — state, quality, act
a drug or other element
pyretotyphosis [pĭ-rə-tō-tĭ´-fō-sĭs] the magnitude [măg´-nĭ-tüd] greatness of
delirium of fever size, volume, or extent
selenosis [sĕ-lə-nō´-sĭs] poisoning i-tude Latin — state, quality, act
caused by ingesting dangerously high
amounts of selenium fortitude [fôr´-tĭ-tüd] courage and
strength in bearing pain or trouble
-ous Latin — having the quality of
-ulous Latin — having the quality of
amorphous [ə-mÔr´-fəs] without definite
form; shapeless pendulous [pĕn-joo´-ləs] hanging
anemophilous [ăn-ə-mŏf´-ə-ləs] loosely or swinging freely
pollinated by the wind

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Word Roots Level 4 Dictionary

em-um Latin — of or belonging to dystrophy [dĭs´-trŏ-fē] any degenerative

chrysanthemum [krĭ-săn´-thə-məm] disorder resulting from inadequate or
any of a large group of plants with bright faulty nutrition
yellow, red, or white showy flowers that ecstasy [ĕk´-stə-sē] a state beyond
bloom in late summer or fall reason and self-control; overwhelming
emotion
ult-uous Latin — having the quality of geophagy [jē-ˈä-fə-jē] practice of eating
tumultuous [tə-mul´-choo-əs] full of earthy substances (as clay) to augment

)
commotion and uproar a scanty diet, or as part of a cultural
tradition
it-ur Latin — that which hierarchy [hī ´-ə-rär-kē] a system in
non sequitur [nŏn´-sĕk-wĭ-toor] a which people or things are arranged

)
remark having no bearing on what has according to their rank or status
just been said hierocracy [hī ´-ə-rŏk-rə-sē]
government by clergymen
-ure Latin — state, quality, act; process, hypertrophy [hī-pûr´-trə-fē] excessive
condition growth or enlargement of a body part or
cincture [sĭnct´-yər] anything that organ
encircles, such as as a belt or girdle hypnotherapy [hīp´-nō-thĕr-ə-pē] the
tenure [tĕn´-yər] the term during which use of hypnosis in treating illness or
some position is held emotional problems
lithography [lĭ-thŏg´-rə-fē] the process
-us Latin — thing which or method of printing from a metal or
Eoanthropus [ē-ō-an´-thrō-pəs] a stone surface
genus of early man comprising only the metallurgy [mĕt´-l-ûr-jē] the science
Piltdown man; dawn man and technology of extracting metals from
esophagus [ĭ-sŏf ´-ə-gəs] the part of the their ores
digestive tract that connects the throat narcolepsy [när-kō-lĕp´-sē] a sleep
to the stomach (medical) disorder characterized by sudden and
eucalyptus [yoo-kə-lĭp´-təs] Australian uncontrollable episodes of deep sleep
evergreen tree with rigid leaves and orthography [ôr-thŏg´-rə-fē] spelling in
protected flowers that has medicinal and accord with accepted usage
industrial value phytotherapy [fī-tō-thər´-ə-pē] the use
helianthus [hē-lē-an´-thəs] tall yellow- of herbs and other plants to promote
flowered perennial related to the health and treat disease
sunflower pyretotherapy [pīr-ĭ-tō-thĕr´-ə-pē] fever
sarcophagus [sär-kŏf ´-ə-gəs] an therapy
ornamental stone coffin used to pyrometallurgy [pī-rō-mĕt´-l-ûr-jē]
decompose the flesh of the corpse chemical metallurgy that depends on
within heat action
oligarchy [ä-lə-ˌgär-kēˈō] rule by a few
-y Greek — state of, quality, act; body, tachygraphy [tă-kĭg´-rə-fē] the art or
group technique of rapid writing or shorthand
agony [āg´-ə-nē] an intense feeling of xerography [zĭ-rŏg´-rə-fē] method of
suffering dry photocopying in which the image
amnesty [ăm´-nĭ-stē] pardon; literally is transferred by using the forces of
“forgetting a crime” electric charges.
anthography [ăn-thŏg´-rə-fē] xerophagy [zi -rof ´-ə-je] eating of dry
description of flowers food
atrophy [ă´-trə-fē] to waste away or to
decrease in size as of a body part or
tissue
cinematography [sĭn-ə-mə-tŏg´-rə-fē]
the art and methods of photography
used in film making
cryoscopy [krī-ŏs´-kə-pē] the science
dealing with the determination of the
freezing points of liquids
cryotherapy [krī-ō-thĕr´-ə-pē]
therapeutic use of cold
dactyloscopy [dăk-tə-lŏ´-skə-pē]
examination of fingerprints for purposes
of identification

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