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ECI Micro Project

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5 views16 pages

ECI Micro Project

Uploaded by

tusharschavan09
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PRESNTATION ON

SINGLE PHASE &


THREE PHASE CIRCUITS
GUIDED BY
Prof. N.S. GORHE
LETURER, ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Roll No. – 51, 55, 59, 62, 63
INTRODUCTION..
o Phase in electrical terms
o Single phase
o Three phase
o Comparison
o Numerical
What is the phase in
Electrical Terms？

Phase, at its most basic, is the distribution


of electrical power, which shows the
alternating current (AC) power supply
varies with respect to the time period.
SINGLE PHASE
A single-phase power supply consists of
two current-carrying conductors: the phase
wire and the neutral wire. The transformed
AC flows from the phase wire to the
connected load. After the current passes
through the powered load, it will return to
the source through the neutral wire. Single-
phase power supplies are used in running
electrical devices and equipment with low
power requirements.
W V AW
A X
X BX
W PHASE
SINGLE A Y
Y X CY Benefits
B Z
Z Y DZ •The design is less complex & Design cost is less
H E E C•Enhanced efficiency which delivers AC power
Z
A A F Dsupply of nearly 1000 watts.
E
B B G EApplications
A
C C H F•This power supply is applicable for homes as well
B businesses.
D D I G•Used to supply plenty of power for homes, as
as small

well C
E E J H•This power supply is sufficient to run the motors
as for non-industrial businesses.

up toD
F F K I about 5 horsepower (hp).
E
WGODJ OGP RD
THREE PHASE
YI QF L QI RTF
GM RJ S U
Three-phase power supplies primarily
J Rcurrent-carrying
consist ofZthree G
conductors.
The circuit in S HN
Kthese SK
power T VHmay be
supplies

L T I onO Star
TL U WI
in a Star or delta configuration. A neutral
wire is present configurations.
Three-phaseM UJ Psystems
power UMVare XJused in
N V K Q V N W Y K
heavy-duty industrial equipment which has
large power requirements. They are
OWfor
commonly used L Rpower XZLelectric
WOpumps,
P XMS XP Y M
heaters, motors, and others.
WGODJ OGP RD
THREE PHASE
Benefits YI QF L QI RTF
• The 3Z JR
phase GM
power RJneeds
supply SU Gcopper
less

KS HN SKT VH
• It has a greater conductor efficiency.
• It even holds the capability to function with an
extendedL T IofO
range L UWI
Tloads.
power

MUJ P UMVXJ
Applications
• These types of supplies are used in power
KQdata
NVtowers,
grids, mobile VN WYaircraft,
centers, K
WLlarger
Oloads RW XZwatts.
O1000 L
shipboard, unmanned systems, as well as other
electronic than

P XMS XP Y M
• It is applicable to industrial, manufacturing, and
large businesses.
SINGLE PHASE THREE PHASE
• Delivers a voltage level of almost • Delivers a voltage level of almost
230V 415V
• It has minimum capacity for the • This phase holds the maximum
power transmission capacity for transmission of power
• 1 phase power supply can be • The construction of this is
constructed simply complicated
• It has minimal efficiency • It has maximum efficiency
• Used for home applications • Three phase power supply is used in
huge industries to run heavy loads.
o Single phase Series RLC Circuit NumericalExample

A 240 V, 50 Hz AC supply is applied a coil of 0.08 H inductance and 4 Ω resistance


connected in series with a capacitor of 8 μF. Calculate the following −

•Impedance,
•Circuit current,
•Phase angle between voltage and current,
•Power factor,
•Power consumed,
•Q-factor of the circuit at resonant frequency.
Solution :

Here,
Thus,

• Impedance of the circuit •Phase angle between voltage and


current
Z =√(R)2 + (XL−XC) 2
Z =√(4)2 + (25.12−398.09) 2
Z =372.99 Ω
• Circuit current
I =V / Z
I =240 / 372.99 The negative sing of phase angle shows that
current is leading the voltage.
I =0.643 Amp
• Power Factor

• Power consumed
o Three phase Circuit NumericalExample
Two wattmeter's connected to a 3-phase motor indicate the total power
input to be 12kW. The power factor is 0.6. Determine the readings of each
wattmeter.

Solution :

If the two watt meters indicate P1 and P2 respectively

Then P1 + P2 = 12kW ---(1)

tan φ =√3(P1 − P2)/(P1 + P2)

And power factor=0.6= cos φ.


Angle φ= cos−10.6=53.13◦ and
tan 53.13◦ =1.3333.
Hence
1.3333 =√3(P1 − P2)/12
From which,
P1 − P2 = 12(1.3333) /√3
i.e. P1 −P2 =9.237kW ----(2)

Adding Equations (1) and (2) gives:


2P1 = 21.237
i.e. P1 = 21.237/2
= 10.62kW
Hence
wattmeter 1 reads 10.62kW From Equation (1)
wattmeter 2 reads (12−10.62)=1.38kW
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