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Lect8 Ss

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2 views

Lect8 Ss

Uploaded by

Jagrati Kaushik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2/7/2024

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE

System Software
CSN-252
Assembler
Refer L. L. Beck book, 3rd Ed.

Tutorial 4 (OS: Ubuntu)


Step 1: Install Pascal compiler
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install fp-compiler
Step 2: Go to procedure initialize and uncomment lines 1734-
1741. Similarly, uncomment the close statements at
lines 831, 1855-1860 (Ref: SICSIM.doc)
Step 3: place the object program to be loaded in file DEVF2,
the object code for the loader in file DEVF1, and the
object code for the SIC bootstrap in file DEV00. (Ref:
SICLDR.doc)
%cp SICBOOT.OBJ DEV00
%cp SICLDR.OBJ DEVF1
2

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Tutorial 4 (OS: Ubuntu)

Step 4: Compile the program


%fpc sicsim.pas
Step 5: Run the simulator
%sicsim
S
B 1003
R (multiple times till breakpoint is reached)
D 1000-101F
DR

Tutorial 4 (OS: Ubuntu)

Exercise 1: Compile SICSIM.PAS to install SIC simulator

Exercise 2: Write object program for the SIC program in Tut 3


Q3 (store 2 at memory location labelled as K10). Store this file
in DEVF2.

Exercise 3: Trace the execution of the test program (file


DEVF2) using this simulator

(a) Set breakpoints 1003, 1006, and 1009

(b) Display the contents of Accumulator and memory (1000 –


101F)

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Disassembly

HTEST 001000000014

T0010000C00100F0C100C501012541013

T00100F040000055A

E001000

1 test start 1000 14 rdrec ldx zero


2 first stl retadr 15 lda zero
3 cloop jsub rdrec 16 loop td input
4 lda length 17 jeq loop
5 comp zero 18 rd input
6 jeq endfil 19 comp zero
7 j cloop 20 jeq exit
8 endfil ldl retadr 21 stch buffer,x
9 rsub 22 tix maxlen
10 zero word 0 23 jlt loop
11 retadr resw 1 24 exit stx length
12 length resw 1 25 rsub
13 buffer resb 4096 26 input byte x'f3'
: 27 maxlen word 4096
28 end first

 assembly process does not require any understanding of


the program being assembled

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• Buffer is needed because the I/O rates for the two


devices may be very different

• The end of each record is marked with a null character


(hex 00)

• If a record is longer than the length of the buffer (4096


bytes), only the first 4096 bytes are copied

• The end of the file to be copied is indicated by a zero-


length record

SIC/XE Program

Differences:

1. Use of R to R instructions wherever possible

2. Use of immediate, base and indirect addressing

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1 COPY START 0 1 test start 1000


2 FIRST STL RETADR 2 first stl retadr
3 LDB #LENGTH 3 cloop jsub rdrec
4 BASE LENGTH 4 lda length
5 CLOOP +JSUB RDREC 5 comp zero
6 LDA LENGTH 6 jeq endfil
7 COMP #0 7 j cloop
8 JEQ ENDFIL
8 endfil ldl retadr
9 J CLOOP
10 ENDFIL J @RETADR 9 rsub
11 RETADR RESW 1 10 zero word 0
12 LENGTH RESW 1 11 retadr resw 1
13 BUFFER RESB 4096 12 length resw 1
: 13 buffer resb 4096
:

14 RDREC CLEAR X 14 rdrec ldx zero


15 CLEAR A 15 lda zero
16 CLEAR S 16 loop td input
17 +LDT #4096 17 jeq loop
18 RLOOP TD INPUT 18 rd input
19 JEQ RLOOP 19 comp zero
20 RD INPUT 20 jeq exit
21 COMPR A,S
21 stch buffer,x
22 JEQ EXIT
23 STCH BUFFER,X 22 tix maxlen
24 TIXR T 23 jlt loop
25 JLT RLOOP 24 exit stx length
26 EXIT STX LENGTH 25 rsub
27 RSUB 26 input byte x'f3'
28 INPUT BYTE X'F3' 27 maxlen word 4096
29 END FIRST 28 end first

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Machine Dependent Assembler Features

Main differences (SIC/XE program )


– Use of register-to-register instructions
– Use of indirect and immediate addressing
– Instructions that refer to memory - assembled using
either the program-counter relative or the base
relative mode.
– Assembler directive BASE is used in conjunction with
base relative addressing.
– If the displacements required for both program-
counter relative and base relative addressing are too
large – 4 byte extended format is used
• Advantages: These changes improve the execution
speed of the program.

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