Egyptian Pioneer School –Language

NEW CLOSE UP
B1
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 Unit One
1-Perfect for the Job
I-Vocabulary
1-pavement (n) a path where people can safely walk, next to a road
2- pedestrian (n) a person who is walking in the street
3-seat belt(n) a belt on the seat of a car, plane, bus, etc. that you put around you to
keep you safe (syn: safety belt)
4-performance(n) sth that entertains an audience (perform :v, performer :n)
5-film set (n) a place where a scene from a film is filmed
6-road safety (n) rules on how to cross the road, drive or cycle safely
7-chance (n) a situation when it is possible to do sth (syn: opportunity)
8- in trouble (phr) in a difficult or dangerous situation
9- care centre (n) a place where elderly people are looked after
10- career (n) the jobs or type of work sb does to earn a living
11- equipment (n) the things needed for a particular activity (equip :v)
12- wildlife (n) animals and plants that live naturally in an area
13- candidate (n) sb who applies for a job
14- qualification (n) a condition that must be fulfilled before a right can be acquired; an
official requirement (qualify :v)
15- advantage (n) a quality that makes sth better than other things(advantageous :adj)
16- disadvantage (n) a quality that makes sth worse than other things (disadvantageous :adj)
17- upset (v) to make sb sad, disappointed, or worried (upset :adj)

Note:

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1- architect (n) a person who designs buildings (architecture :n, architectural :adj)
2- astronaut (n) a person who works in a spaceship travelling in space
3- athlete (n) a person who does sport, especially on a track, e.g. running
4- camera operator (n) a person whose job is controlling a camera to make films or TV
shows
5- lawyer (n) a person whose job is to advise people about the law, to write
legal documents and to represent people in court(law :n, lawful,
legal :adj)
6- librarian (n) a person whose job is to organise books and deal with people in a
library(library :n)
7- politician (n) a person who is a member of a government or town council, etc.(
politics :n, political :adj)
8- sportsperson (n) a person who does sport, especially as a job (syn: athlete)
9- journalist (n) a person who writes news stories for newspapers and/or other
media (journalism, journal :n)
10- performer (n) sb who does an act, like dancing or singing, in front of people
(performance :n, perform :v)
11- educator (n) a person who teaches people (educate :v, education :n,
educational :adj)

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1-more importantly used to stress that your point is very important (important :adj)
2-suddenly quickly when you don’t expect it (sudden :adj)
3-quite really
4-recently not long ago (recent :adj)
5- fortunately happening because of good luck ( fortunate :adj)

1- part-time for only part of the day or week in which people work (part-time: adv)
(opp. : full-time)
2- full-time that is done for a whole working week, e.g. about 36–40 hours full-time
:adv), full time :n)( opp: part-time)
3- urban in or of a town or city
4- positive good or having a good effect (opp: negative)
5- unemployed without a job ( unemployment :n) ( opp: employed)
6- retired sb who has stopped working permanently because of age ( retire :v,
retirement :n)

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1-creative with a lot of skill and imagination (create : v, creation :n)
2- hard-working putting a lot of effort into a job ( opp: lazy)
3- jealous unhappy because sb you love is showing interest in sb else or because sb
has sth you want ( jealousy :n)
4- generous giving freely ( generously :adv, generosity :n) ( opp: mean)
5- relaxed calm, not stressed ( relax :v), relaxation :n)
6- nervous anxious about sth (nervously :adv, nervousness, nerve :n)
7- unkind slightly cruel ( unkindly :adv, unkindness :n) ( opp: kind)
8- shy nervous about meeting and speaking to other people
( shyly :adv, shyness :n)
9- sociable enjoying spending time with other people
(sociably :adv, society :n, social :adj)
10- reliable can be depended on or trusted to do sth well
( rely on :phr v, reliance :n)
11- calm relaxed; not worried ( calmly :adv, calmness, calm: n)
12- patient able to wait or do sth calmly without getting annoyed or angry
(patiently ;adv, patience :n) ( opp: impatient)
13- anxious nervous or worried ( anxiously :adv, anxiety :n)
14- confident feeling sure ( confidence n) ( opp: unconfident)
15- cheerful happy and optimistic ( cheer :v, n, cheerfully :adv)
16- miserable sad or in a pitiable state of distress ( misery :n, miserably :adv)
17- serious sensible ,not funny or not playful ( seriousness :n, seriously :adv)

1- put out to stop sth burning

2- grow up to become an adult
3- go out to have a romantic
(with sb) relationship with sb
4- split up to end a relationship
5- out of work unemployed
6- bring up to raise

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II-Grammar 1

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8
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now, at the moment , today , tonight, tomorrow, next week /year ,this summer /week ,
these days, Listen !, Look !, Watch out !

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Also verbs:

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Grammar 2

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1- Complete the following dialogue.
Interviewer: 1)-----------------------------------------------------------------?
Person 1: I’m a doctor. Actually, I’m a pediatrician.
Interviewer: Oh. That’s great. Do you run a clinic or something?
Person 1: 2)-----------------------------------------------------------------.
Interviewer: Great. So you must be very busy , going to the hospital in the morning and to
your clinic in the evening.
Person 1: Yes, we doctors hardly get any time for ourselves.
Interviewer: But 3) -----------------------------------------------------------------. Isn’t it a noble thing?
Person 1: Yeah, saving lives is what keeps us motivated.
Interviewer: What about you, what do you do for a living?
Person 2: 4)-----------------------------------------------------------------
Interviewer: Really? I’ve great respect for you guys.5) -----------------------------------------------------?
Person 2: I work for a newspaper.
Interviewer: Great. When I was in college, I was keen on becoming a journalist, but my
parents didn’t support me. They felt that journalism was a risky field to be in.
Person 2: Yes, journalists have to take a lot of risks and challenges. Sometimes we risk our own
lives in our quest to find the truth. But 6) -----------------------------------------------------------------
Interviewer: You are right. Job satisfaction is far more important than job safety.
2-Choose the correct answer.
1-He is a ______________ person and has a strong sense of responsibility.
a. reliable b. confident c. serious d. patient
2- Anna has been a teacher for years, but more ______________, she enjoys her work.
a. recently b. importantly c. fortunately d. patiently
3-George was in ______________ when he crashed his father’s car.
a. trouble b. focus c. community d. disadvantage
4-They ______________ The Lord of the Rings in New Zealand.
a. applied b. ran c. filmed d. designed
5-My grandfather lives in a ______________because he’s too old to look after himself.
a. community b. pavement c. care centre d. space
6- A/An ______________ usually designs buildings.
a. journalist b. athlete c. firefighter d. architect

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7-The ______________ waited nervously before they went in for their job interviews.
a. candidates b. pedestrian c. performers d. fighters
8-It’s dangerous for the ______________ to cross this busy road.
a. pedestrian b. candidate c. applicant d. performer
9- Being able to speak two or more foreign languages is a great ______________ when you are
looking for a job.
a. disadvantage b. advantage c. focus d. chance
10- He has a______________ job at the bank, from nine to five o’clock.
a. full-time b. serious c. part – time d. urban
11-Victor wants to work as a teacher, but he has to study and get the right _________ first.
a. applications b. employments c. qualifications d. advantages
12-The filming began when the actors were ready on the film ______________.
a. making b. set c. focus d. upset
13-Parks make ______________ areas nicer to live in.
a. personal b. social c. urban d. retired
14-People are not allowed to ride bicycles on the______________ for safety measures.
a. community b. situation c. pavement d. road safety
15-Put your seat______________ on when you sit in the car.
a. strap b. skill c. safety d. belt
16- We feel happy when our teacher writes something ______________ on our homework.
a. negative b. advantage c. positive d. logical
17-Parents should teach their children about road ______________ from an early age.
a. safely b. safety c. safe d. save
18-The news about the singer’s death ______________ his fans.
a. controlled b. upset c. persuaded d. fought
19-She spends her weekends in the countryside taking photos of ______________.
a. community b. environment c. wildlife d. candidates
20-My favourite band members argued so much that they split ______________after a year of
their famous concert.
a. up b. down c. out d. in
3-Choose the correct answer.
1- Betty ___ a guest list for her wedding at the moment.
a) writes b) writing c) is writing d) write
2- ___your uncle next weekend?
a) Do you see b) Are you seeing c) You are seeing d) Did you see
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3-It___ harder and harder to bring up children in this city
a) gets b) is getting c) it’s got d) get
4-A-What ___? B: He's an engineer.
a) does your father do b) does your father doing
c) is your father do d) is your father doing
5-How often ___to the cinema? B: About once a month.
a) do you going b) are you going c) do you go d) are you go
6-A: Where's John? B: He's in the bathroom. He___ a shower.
a) has b) is doing c) is having d) is making
7-We usually ___ our grandparents at the weekend.
a) visit b) are visiting c) visiting d) visits
8-He ___ late and that's really annoying!
a) is always come b) always comes c) always come d) is always coming
9- I ___ what to do.
a) am not knowing b) not know c) doesn't know d) don't know
10- I ___ up at seven o'clock every morning.
get b) am getting c) getting d) gets
11-My brothers often fight but they ___ now.
a) are fighting b) doesn’t fight c) don’t fight d) aren’t fighting
12- Hey! That's Patty! Where ___?
a) does she go b) does she goes c) is she going d) she is going
13- I ___ our neighbors ___ a party. I can hear the music.
a)’m thinking, having b) think, have c) think, having d)’m thinking, have
14- There are __________ things you can do to help.
a- plenty b- much c- too little d- many
15- He has met __________ interesting people.
a- very little b- a couple of c- too much d- a lot
16- Will you bring me __________ sugar, please?
a- any b- some c- few d- a lot
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17- There are __________ books on the shelf. They are not enough.
a- many b- few c- a lot of d- any
18- He needs __________ bread to make a sandwich.
a- a few b- a lot of c- a loaf of d- many
19- All the news __________ good.
a- are b- were c- have been d- is
20- My brother has __________ experience, so he didn’t get the job.
a- a little b- a few c- little d- few
21- The attack on the shop caused __________ damage.
a- a few b- many c- a lot of d- few
22- He hasn't got __________ luggage.
a- some b- much c- many d- a lot
23- Oh! That's __________ rice! I don't want to put on more weight.
a- not enough b- too little c- too much d- little
4-Do as shown between brackets.

1-I want a bowl of pizza, please. (Correct the mistake)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2- She often plays tennis every Tuesday. (Use: at the moment)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3- There is some cheese in the fridge. (Rewrite with: any)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4- A place where elderly people are looked after. (Give one word)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

5- Mrs. Green______________ (not work) at weekends, but this weekend she

______________ (have) a lot of work at the office (Put the verb in the correct tense)

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6- There are lots of informations in this book. (Correct the mistake)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

7- No, Adam is not leaving at 6.00 (Form a question)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

8- Chance = ………………………. (Give the meaning)

9-Can I have ___________ biscuits and ___________ glass of milk , please?
(Fill in the gaps with a, an or some)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
10-We haven't got _______ sugar. Can you go to the shops to buy ______?
(Put a suitable quantifier)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
11- He isn't working now. (Ask a question)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
12- Generous # …………………………… (Opposite)
13- Adel wants to talk to Ali on the phone. (Negative)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
14- She is seeming like an honest person. (Correct)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
15- Nervous : ……………………………………………… (Give the derivatives of the word)

5-Comprehension
Read the article below and then answer the questions.
My Job is Special!
My Job is Special! For most people, a job means they get up at 7:00 am and drive to
work by 8:30 or 9:00 am. Later, they have lunch at noon, and then they start work again at
1:00 pm. Finally, they finish work at about 5:00 pm and then go home and have dinner with
their family. That kind of job is okay for most people, but my job is special and I love it! I’m a
commercial airline pilot. That means I don’t drive to work, I fly! In fact, I fly to many different
destinations in the world and I have friends in many countries. Usually, I fly between countries
in Asia, North America and South America. It’s not surprising, then, that my best friend lives in
Japan and we stay in touch by Facebook and e-mail – when I’m in Tokyo, he always invites me
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to have dinner with him and his family. In fact, my favorite food is sushi. Another good friend
of mine – Gustavo – lives in Brasilia. That’s the capital city of Brazil. Gustavo and I love to
watch football games together when I visit. Is my job perfect? No, it’s not. Because I fly across
many different time zones, I sometimes go to bed at 2:00 am. At other times, I go to bed at
2:00 pm. That kind of schedule isn’t easy. In addition, my job often separates me from my wife
and two children. They live in New York and often I am many thousands of miles away.
Sometimes I miss them very much. However, I think I have an exciting job. And my kids think
it’s great that I can say, “Hello” in eighteen different languages: “Ni hao,” “Anyoung haseyo,”
“Konnichiwa,” “Bonjour,” ….

A- Answer the following questions.

1. What is the main idea of the article?
……………………………………………………………………………..
2. Where does his best friend live?
………………………………………………………………………………….
3- Where does he say he likes to watch football games?
…………………………………………………………………………………….
B- Choose the correct answer:
4. How many countries does he fly to?

(a) eighteen (b) three (c) He doesn’t say.

6. What does the word ‘them’ refer to?

(a) football games (b) his family (c) his friends

6- Translation
Translate into Arabic:
The computer is concerned a scientific miracle in the field of science.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Translate into English:

.‫تقوي األلعاب الرياضيه اجسامنا وتنعش عقولنا وتعلمنا التعاون والصبر وحب الوطن‬
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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 Homework exercises
Choose the correct answer:
1-The house was (designed – ran – dressed – situated) by a famous Japanese architect.
2- When my brother (splits up – brings up – grows up – goes up), he wants to be a doctor.
3-Thomas is (miserable – anxious – hard working – cheerful) about going for his interview. He
thinks he won't get the job.
4- Mark has a (polite – unkind – sociable – cheerful) smile that makes everyone feel happy.
5-Magy is (creative – hard working – serious – reliable) and she writes unusual stories.
6- There are (many – few – any – a lot of) books on the shelf. They are not enough.
7- In the evenings, they rarely (does – are doing – is doing – do) their homework.
8- She earns (any – few – much –many) money.
9-I am busy. I am having dinner (at the moment – every day – yesterday – on Fridays).
10- They (always plays – always are playing – are always playing – plays) tricks on their
grandma. I don't think it's funny at all.
Rewrite the following sentences
1- Water …………. (freeze) at 0C. (Put the verb in the correct tense)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2- The firefighters arrived quickly and poured water on the fire. (Use a phrasal verb)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3- Harry is a generous boss and pays his workers well. (Use the antonym &make the
necessary changes to the sentence)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4- He always sings in the shower. This is really annoying! (Correct)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5- The earth goes around the sun. (Ask Yes/No question)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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 Unit Two
2-Delicious
I-Vocabulary
1- takeaway (n) a ready-cooked meal that you can collect at a restaurant to eat
somewhere else
2- decor (n) the style that a place is decorated (decorate :v, decoration,
decorator :n)
3- portion (n) an amount of food served for one person to eat
4- option (n) choice (opt :v, optional :adj)
5- quality (n) how good or bad sth is
6-blog (n) a series of articles on a website that sb writes about events,
opinions, etc.( blog :v, blogger :n)
7-recommendation (n) a suggestion to sb that they should choose, see, buy, etc., a thing
that you think is good (recommend :v)
8-dessert (n) sweet food served as the last course of a meal
9-treat (n) sth special you give sb or do for them because they will enjoy it
(treat :v)
10-craft (n) an activity that needs artistic and practical skills, e.g. making
clothes or jewellery
11-head chef (n) the most important cook in a restaurant
12-award (n) a prize given to sb who has done sth special (award :v)
13-ground floor (n) the floor at the same level as the ground
14-designer (adj) selling famous brand names of clothes and accessories
(design :n, v)
15-definitely (adv) without a doubt, certainly (definite :adj)
16-occasion (n) a special event
17-award-winning (adj) that has won an award
18-ingredient (n) one of the things put with others to make sth
19-stew (n) a meal of meat and/or vegetables cooked slowly like a thick soup
20-beef (n) meat from a cow
21-queue (n) a line of people who are waiting for something (queue :v)
22-stylish (adj) fashionable and attractive
23-seafood (n) fish and shellfish
24-diner (n) a small cheap restaurant, especially in the USA
25-milkshake (n) a drink made with milk mixed with different flavours, e.g. fruit
26-retro (adj) in a style from the recent past

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 stew meatball beef seafood

fries milkshake dessert raspberry

27-snack (n) a small meal (snack :v)
28-suitable (adj) right or appropriate (suit: v, suitably: adv, suitability: n)
(opp: unsuitable)
29-active (adj) always moving about, doing different things (activity, action :n,
actively :adv, act :n, v) (opp: inactive)
30-celebrate (v) to do something enjoyable for a special reason (celebration :n)
31-bake (v) to cook sth in an oven
32-barbecue (v) to cook food over a fire outdoors (barbecue :n) (also: barbeque)
33-grill (v) to cook food under a very hot surface in a cooker(grill :n, grilled :adj)
34-roast (v) to cook food, e.g. meat, without liquid in an oven (roast :n, adj)
35-chop (n) a piece of meat served with the bone on it (chopped :adj, chop :v)
36-steak (n) a thick, flat piece of meat

boil barbecue roast steak

bake fry lamb chops grill

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37-theory (n) an idea that explains why sth happens
38-saddle (n) seat on a horse (saddle :v)
39-immigrant (n) sb who comes to live in a country from another country
(immigrate :v, immigration :n)

40-tableware (n) the things used for meals, e.g. plates,

knives and forks
41-packaging (n) the materials used to cover things that are
for sale
42-quantity (n) amount
43-saucer (n) a small plate that a cup stands on
44-pour (v) to put (liquid) in a cup, glass, etc.
45-jar (n) a food container, often made of glass, with
a lid on top
46-type (n) a group of people or things that share
certain qualities or features; a sort
47-raspberry (n) a small soft red fruit
48-do the washing up (phr) to wash plates, cups, etc. after using them
49-bunch (n) a group of things of the same type that
grow or are put together
50-flavour (n) a type of taste; how sth tastes

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 tableware chopsticks napkin

1- delicious having a very nice taste

2- traditional done in the same way for many years (tradition :n, traditionally :adv)
3- disgusting horrible; that smells, tastes or looks bad (disgust :n, v, disgusted :adj)
4- vegetarian not eating or including meat or fish
5- vegan not eating meat, fish, dairy products or using materials made from parts of
animals (vegan, veganism :n)
6-home-made made at home, not bought from a shop
7-tasty having a pleasant flavor (taste :n, v), (opp :tasteless :adj)
8-inexpensive cheap (opp: expensive)
9-high-quality very good and well-made (opp: low- quality)
10-light in a small amount that’s easy to eat
11-bitter having a sharp strong taste (bitterly :adv, bitterness :n)
12-sour having a taste that’s not sweet, e.g. like a lemon (sourly :adv, sourness :n)
13-spicy having a strong taste and flavour because spices have been used, having a
hot taste (spice :n)
14-salty that has a strong taste of salt (salt :n, v)

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II-Grammar 1

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Past continuous?

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Grammar 2:

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Would + infinitive
We can also use 'would + infinitive' to talk about a habit or repeated action in the past.
We usually use 'would + infinitive' in this way when we're telling a story about the past.

Example: When we lived in Italy, we would go to a little restaurant near our house.

However, we don't use 'would + infinitive' to talk about states in the past. So, with stative
verbs we only use ‘used to’ not would’:

We also CAN’T use’ would’ in the negative form.

Example: I didn’t use to go fishing with my grandpa.
I wouldn’t go fishing with my grandpa.

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1- Complete the following dialogue:
Client: 1)……………………………………………………………………………………….
Waiter: Here you are.
Waiter: Are you ready with your order, Sir?
Client: 2)………………………………………………………………………………………….
Waiter: 3)…………………………………………………………………………………………?
Client: I’d like to start with tomato soup .
Waiter: Would you like to try our special course?
Client: 4)…………………,………………………………………………………………………….
Waiter :How do you want your steak:rare , meduim or well done?
Client : 5)………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Waiter: 6) ………………………………………………………………………………………………?
Client: Yes ,I’d order both vegetables and salad.
Waiter : 7)……………………………………………………………………………………………..?
Client: iced tea ,please.
Waiter :8) ………………………………………………………………………………………………?
Client: Credit card, please.

2-Choose the correct answer.

1- It's healthier to _______ chicken and vegetables than to fry them.
a) grill b) crush c) burn d) chop
2-I think blue cheese smells _______! I can’t eat it.
a) delicious b) disgusting c) salty d) bitter
3-The critics’ _______ helped to make the film successful at the box office.
a) celebrations b) recommendations c) immigrations d) decorations

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4-This strawberry cheesecake is a delicious _______.
a) food b) flavour c) dessert d) snack
5-This yoghurt _______ delicious with a little honey.
a) tastes b) feels c) smells d) acts
6-The smell of my mum’s fresh _______ bread filled the air.
a) high – quality b) bitter c) home –made d) regular
7-It’s your birthday, so I got you a chocolate as a _______.
a) desert b) blog c) snack d) treat
8-The food in the new restaurant was delicious, but the _______ were small, so I was still
hungry.
a) qualities b) ingredients c) treats d) portions
9- Have you read our new cooking _______? there are new recipes that are easy to make at
home.
a) blog b) recommendation c) menu d) theory
10-Tony is creative and loves doing arts and _______.
a) awards b) crafts c) desserts d) designs
11-Sam is the head _______ in a hotel restaurant in London.
a) owner b) chef c) vegetarian d) designer
12-We had to wait in a long _______ to get into the newly opened restaurant.
a) queue b) decor c) pavement d) situation
13- In winter, the Irish make traditional hot _______ with meat and vegetables.
a) meatball b) raspberry c) stew d) steak
14-We had a snack at a _______ on the road to Los Angeles.
a) restaurant b) takeaway c) part time d) diner
15- We were given the keys to our hotel room, which was on the ground _______.
a) district b) floor c) queue d) saddle

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16-The band played _______ music from the 1960s.
a) retro b) high – quality c) bitter d) active
17-The _______ author, David Williams, signed copies of his latest book for customers in the
bookshop.
a) high quality b) award winning c) homemade d) full time
18- The main _______ of this sauce is cheese.
a) menu b) option c) ingredient d) flavour
19-They ordered a _______ meal of fresh salad and cheese.
a) bitter b) light c) salty d) sour
20-We just had a _______ of fruit and biscuits this afternoon, because we’ll have a big dinner
tonight.
a) snack b) meal c) dessert d) choice
21-I can’t stand the _______ of grapefruit. It’s too bitter for me.
a) taste b) smell c) feel d) flavour
22-These green apples are a bit _______, but they’re good for making pies.
a) salty b) bitter c) sour d) spicy
23-Many _______open restaurants which serve food from their home country.
a) pedestrians b) candidates c) applicants d) immigrants
24-At first, Dennis didn’t believe the _______ that people can live without meat, but now he’s
completely vegan and feels great.
a) theory b) topic c) blog d) recommendation
25- The kitchen is full of dirty dishes, so who wants to _______ the washing up?
a) make b) set c) do d) wash
3- Choose the correct answer:
1-Katy ____________ over while she ____________along the street.
a.was falling/ was running b.fell/was running c.was falling /ran d.fell /ran

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2-My father ____________ for me about twenty minutes while I____________ a shower.
a.waited / was have b.was waiting /was having
c.waited /was having d.waited / had
3-He____________ his phone while he ____________in the library.
a.lost/studied b.was losing/was studying c.lost /was studying d.was losing/studied
4-It____________ while the children ____________in the garden.
a.snowed /played b.was snowing /played
c.was snowing/were playing d.snowed/was playing
5-I ____________ my phone because it ____________.
a.didn’t take/was charging b.took/were charging
c.was taking/ was changed d. wasn’t taking/ was charged
6-Where ____________ they ____________ when you ____________ them?
a.were/going/saw b.did/go/saw
c.did/going/was seeing d.did/go/was seeing
7-Sandy _____________ when she ___________ the box.
a. was running / dropped b. ran / dropped
c. was running / was dropping d. ran / was dropping
8-While Anne ___________ her favourite series, she __________ asleep.
a. was watched / fell b. was watching / fell
c. watched / was falling d. was watching / felt
9-When I ___________ this morning it ___________.
a.woke up/was raining b.was waking up/ rained
c.woke up/ was rain d.was waking up /rains
10- The neighbours ___________ loud music when I ___________ the police.
a.played/ called b. were playing/ was calling
c.were playing/called d.played / was calling

35
11-While they ___________ a horror movie they ___________ a stange noise.
a.watched/ heard b.were watching/ heard
c.were watching /were hearing d.watched/ were hearing
12- Meg _____ dinner when the phone rang.
a) was making b) made c) used to make d) will make
13- After living in London for over 25 years, he finally _____ to the foggy weather.
a) used b) is getting used c) got used d) would use
14-_____ have long blond hair when he first met her?
a) Would Linda b) Was Linda used to c) Did Linda used to d) Did Linda use to
15-My parents are teachers. They _____ to correcting lots of exams.
a) is used b) used c) are used d) were used
16-_____do his homework every day when he was at high school?
a) Used you to b) Were you used to c) Did you use to d) Did you used
17- My parents _____to let me travel alone when I was a teenager.
a) were used b) got used c) didn’t use d) are used
18- My sister has been a nurse for 5 years. She _____ to working at night.
a) was used b) is being used c) used d) is used
19- My dad _____ have a moustache, but he shaved it off last week.
a) used to b) would c) didn’t use to d) used
20- When I started to work here, I needed a lot of help, but now I_____ the work on my own.
a) used to do b) am used to doing c) get used to do d) am used to do
21-I _____ live in the city because I spent all of my life in the countryside.
a) didn’t use to b) used to c) wouldn’t d) didn’t use
22-"Did you use to put a lot of salt on your food?" "Yes, _____. "
a) I did b) I used to c) was used to d) I have
4-Rewrite with the words in brackets.
1-A simple meal of pasta with cheese is cheap to buy and quick to make. (Use a synonym)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
36
2-We will definite eat out on your birthday. (Correct the mistake)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3- They are at the library now. (Rewrite with: yesterday)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4-They talked about their jobs. (Rewrite in the question form)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5-Did you brother used to go out with you. (Correct the error)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6- I was walking in the woods when I saw a fox. (Begin with: While)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
7- He used to ride his bike to school when he was young. (Rewrite in the negative form)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8- an amount of food served for one person to eat. (Give one word)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9- Active # ……………………………. (Opposite)
10- Our mum always cooks healthy food, so we never eat out. (Use: be used to)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
11-While I was driving to the market ……………………………………………………………………………………… .
(Complete to make a meaningful sentence)
12-No, my mum wouldn’t let me eat a lot of sweets. (Ask a question)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
13-She bought a group of flowers at the market. (Rewrite with a synonym)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
14-Elvis Presley was my grandma’s favourite _________singer. (Complete)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
15- As Dan………… (come) down the stairs, he fell down. (Put the verb in the correct form)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

37
 Comprehension
5-Read the following passage then answer the questions.

Time with Grandpa

Ben jumped from bed as soon as the first bit of sun peeped through his window. He
grabbed his backpack from his closet and opened it on the floor. Ben put in some of his
favorite things to take with him on his trip to visit Grandpa.
He put in a book on building forts, a book on making go-carts, and a new book he had
gotten from the library about a kid detective who creates his own spy gear. He also put in a
model car kit and his stuffed bear. He was ready to go! Going to visit his grandfather for a
week by himself was always Ben’s favorite part of summer vacation.
Grandpa would take him fishing and to baseball games. Grandpa also taught Ben how
to fix things around the house. Last year, when he was eight years old, Ben had learned how to
replace a broken doorknob and how to fix a leaky faucet. Grandpa was patient and did not
mind taking many hours to show Ben how to use his tools. Ben’s mom stuck her head in his
bedroom door. “Grandpa’s here,” she said with a smile.
Ben grabbed his backpack and ran into the kitchen where Grandpa was waiting.
“Ready, big guy?” asked Grandpa. “Or do you want to eat breakfast before we leave?”
“Ready,” said Ben. As he kissed his mother goodbye, he felt his stomach rumble. “We can eat
later!”
A- Answer the following questions:
1- What is Ben’s favorite part of summer vacation?
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
2- Where and when does this story take place?
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
3- What is the most likely reason Ben does not eat breakfast?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
B- Choose the correct answer:

4- What time of year is it?

A.spring B.summer C.winter D. autumn

38
5-- Used in paragraph 4, what is the meaning of patient?
A. very slow B. sick in the hospital
C. good about sharing D. taking time without complaint
6- Ben jumps out of bed because ______.
A. he is late B. he is scared C. he is excited D. he is worried
6- Translation
Translate into Arabic:
It is best to practice a useful hobby in your spare time.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Translate into English:
‫إن هوايتي المفضلة هي قراءة القصص واألستماع إلي الموسيقي‬
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

39
 Homework Exercises
1-Fill in with words from the box.
meatball– went - seafood –– was - tableware – when - packaging –– flavour –
while – used to
1-This restaurant serves __________ like lobster, crab and prawns.
2-The company sells its products in _________ made from recycled materials.
3-His favourite dish is spaghetti with _________ and tomato sauce.
4- A slice of lemon gives tea a refreshing _________.
5-We brought out our silver _________ for the dinner party.
6- The students were doing an exercise ………… the bell rang.
7- We …….. to Rio de Janeiro in 2016 to see the Olympic games.
8- She ……. Born in 1999.
9- He fell down ……… he was climbing a tree.
10- We …….. walk to school, but now we go by car.

2- Rewrite the following sentences using the words in brackets:

1- Our mum always cooks healthy food, so we never eat out. (Use: be used to)
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2- The mechanic repaired my car when you called me yesterday. (Correct)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3- inexpensive – cheap – stylish – expensive (Circle the odd one out)
……………………………………………………………………………………………….
4- The high street is full of ……….(design) shops that sell expensive clothes, shoes and bags.
(Put the word in the correct form)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5- She was studying her lessons when the phone rang. (Negative)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

40
 Unit Three
3-It’s Natural
1-natural (adj) from nature and not made by people (nature :n, naturally :adv)
2-cause (v) to make sth happen
3-affect (v) to make a change to
sb/sth

4-explorer (n) sb who travels to new places to find out about them (explore :v,
exploration :n)
5-marine (adj) of the sea
6-biologist (n) sb who studies living things (biology :n, biological :adj)
7-fascinated (adj) very interested (fascinate :v, fascinating :adj)
8-actually (adv) used to emphasise a fact (actual :adj)
9- polyp (n) a tiny animal that lives in the sea
10- create (v) to make, cause to exist (creature, creation :n), creative :adj)
11- limestone (n) a rock that is made of calcium carbonate (CaCO3 )
12- structure (n) sth that has been built
13- visible (adj) that can be seen (visibility :n) (opp: invisible)
14- algae (n pl) simple plants without roots or stems that grow in or around water
15- species (n) a type of plant or animal
16- remains (n pl.) the pieces of sth/sb that are still visible when the other parts have
been destroyed, eaten or removed, etc. (remain :v)
17- mammal (n) the type of animal of which the mother feeds her children on milk
from her body

28- atmosphere (n) all the gases in the air around the earth (atmospheric :adj)
19- garbage (n) rubbish or waste food that you throw away (US English) (Syn: rubbish
(Br English)
20- patch (n) an area that is different from the area around it
21- biodegradable able to be changed into a natural state that won’t damage the
(adj) environment ( biodegrade :v) (opp: non-biodegradable)
22- take action do sth about a problem
(phr)
23- device (n) an object that is used for a particular purpose
24- decade (n) ten years
25- bacteria (n pl.) very small organisms that are found everywhere and are the cause of
many diseases (singular: bacterium)
26- pollution (n) making sth dirty with gas or poisonous chemicals (pollute :v, polluted
:adj)
41
1- coast (n) the land next to the sea (coastal :adj)
2- cave (n) a large hole in the side of a mountain or under the ground
3- cliff (n) a high area of land next to the sea
4- glacier (n) a large mass of ice that moves slowly down a valley
5- rainforest (n) a thick forest in the tropics
6- stream (n) a small river
7- valley (n) an area of land between hills
8- ocean (n) a very large expanse of sea, in particular each of the main areas into
which the sea is divided geographically.
9- pond (n) a small area of water, sometimes man-made
10-iceberg (n) a large floating mass of ice detached from a glacier or ice sheet and
carried out to sea.
11- desert (n) a large area with very little rain and very few plants growing in it
12- coral reef a long narrow line of coral, rocks and other substances near the surface
(n) of the sea

42
1-break separate into smaller pieces
2- protect to make sure that sb/sth is not harmed (protection :n, protective :adj,
protectively :adv)
3- prevent to stop sb from doing sth; to stop sth from happening (prevention :n,
preventable :adj)
4- remove to take away (removal :n)
5- survive to manage to stay alive (survival, survivor :n)
6- destroy to ruin , damage something badly that it stops top exist (destruction :n,
destructive :adj)

43
7- damage to harm or spoil sb/sth (damage :n )
8- burn to use sth such as fuel or energy (burn :n)
9- produce to make sth (producer :n, product :n, productive :adj, productively :adv)
10- save to keep sb/sth safe from harm (safe :adj, safely :adv, safety :n)
11-reach arrive at a particular place
12-collect bring together
13-form to come together and start to exist (form :n)
14- exist to be real; to be alive (existence :n)

Collocations about
environment

1-fossil fuel a substance like coal or oil that was formed underground millions of
years ago and is used to create energy
2- renewable energy energy from natural sources that will never run out like wind, water
and sunlight
3-solar power energy from the sun
4- power station a place where electricity is produced
5- climate change changes in the Earth’s weather caused by the increase of gases like
carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

1-make up (sth) to form (sth) by fitting together or assembling

2- find out get information about sb/sth
3- clean up to make sth clean and tidy
4- relate to to refer to sth; to have a connection with sth
5- run out (of) finish a supply of sth
6- go up to become more or go higher; to increase
7- set up create, start (an organisation)
8- wear out to be used so much that it becomes useless

44
1-before the end of the term/year
2- over a decade
3-from sth to another
4-turn sth into another thing
5-from the top of sth to the bottom of sth
6-appear in a place
7-get bacteria onto sth
8-at the moment

45
II-Grammar 1: Present Perfect Simple Vs Present Perfect Continuous

Present Perfect Simple Tense is used to express an event that started in the past and
the impact of the event is now continuing (or a long-running event that started in the
past and is still going on). This tense is used to express actions completed recent
past. In this tense, it is important whether the event occurred or not. (or the result of
the event is important, not the time of the event)
POSITIVE FORM (+):
Subject (I, YOU, WE, YOU, THEY) + HAVE + V3 (third form of main verb – past
participle)
Subject (HE, SHE, IT) + HAS + V3 (third form of main verb – past participle)
NEGATIVE FORM (-):
Subject (I, YOU, WE, YOU, THEY) + HAVE + NOT + V3 (third form of main verb – past
participle)
Subject (HE, SHE, IT) + HAS + NOT + V3 (third form of main verb – past participle)
QUESTION FORM (?):

46
HAVE + Subject (I, YOU, WE, YOU, THEY) + V3 (third form of main verb – past
participle)
HAS + Subject (HE, SHE, IT) + V3 (third form of main verb –
past participle)

47
Present Perfect Continuous Tense indicates that something started in the past and is
continuing at the present time.
The focus here is on the duration of the action rather than the action itself
The Structures of Present Perfect Continuous/Progressive Tense
POSITIVE FORM (+):
Subject + HAVE/HAS + BEEN + Verb-ING
NEGATIVE FORM (-):
Subject + HAVE/HAS + NOT + BEEN + Verb-ING
QUESTION FORM (?):

48
HAVE/HAS + Subject + BEEN + Verb-ING

49
Grammar 2:

And also : In exclamations with “What…………!”

Example: What a beautiful life !
50
 And also

Note that:

51
We cannot use “the” before:

And also names of sports.

Example: He plays football very well.

52
1- Complete the following dialogue
Interviewer: Today, I’m interviewing nine-year-old Alex about her feelings on how people can
help save the environment. So, Alex, how can we save the environment?
Alex: 1) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
Interviewer: Well, how can we save water?
Alex: 2) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
Interviewer: Oh, I think I can do that.3) ………………………………………………………………?
Alex: When drinking or eating something outside, you should keep the garbage until you find a
trash can to put it in because littering makes our planet dirty. Do you like seeing trash all over
the ground?
Interviewer: 4) ……………………………. . Do you have any final suggestions?
Alex: Yes. We shouldn’t waste paper because trees are being cut down to make the paper. By
recycling paper, we save the forests where animals live.
Interviewer: So, 5) ………………………………………………………………………………...?
Alex: Well, we can recycle paper every day by making things make out of them, like paper
trees, instead of just throwing them away. Now, the children in our neighbourhood collect
newspapers once a month to take them to a recycling centre.
Interviewer: That’s great. Well thanks Alex for your ideas

2-Choose the correct answer.

1-We ________ a lot of rubbish on the beach.
a. collected b. damaged c. destroyed d. prevented
2-Plants cannot ________ without water and sunlight.
a. break b. survive c. create d. produce
3-Because of climate ________, many plants and animals are in danger.
a. change b. power c. pollution d. temperature
4-You can dive in the sea and look at the beautiful ________.
a. cliff b. coral reef c. iceberg d. glacier

53
5-The volunteers ________ bags of rubbish from the park and put them in the recycling bin.
a. burnt b. created c. formed d. removed
6- We saw a coral reef on our holiday and it was an incredible ________.
a. structure b. patch c. mammal d. source
7-You can ________ a beautiful garden by planting a variety of flowers.
a. prevent b. collect c. create d. discover
8-Half of the Amazon ________ could be lost within 20 years because people are cutting down
the trees.
a. deserts b. streams c. rainforests d. caves
9-The ________ was filled with dust from the desert storm.
a. temperature b. limestone c. atmosphere d. pollution
10-Scientists say that many ________ are getting smaller because they are melting.
a. glaciers b. rainforests c. oceans d. ponds
11-Rivers and lakes are a ________ of drinking water for many creatures.
a. form b. structure c. source d. device
12-Our hotel was in the ________, so it was a difficult walk up the hill the next day.
a. valley b. coast c. cliff d. cave
13- You can see the fish in the________ because it is shallow.
a. ocean b. coral reef c. stream d. coast
14- Information about endangered species is ________ on the Internet.
a. valuable b. available c. natural d. fascinated
15-It hasn’t rained for years in this part of the ________.
a. rainforest b. coral reef c. desert d. iceberg
16- They stood on the edge of the ________and looked down at the sea.
a. coast b. cliff c. valley d. pond

54
17-Paintings of animals that humans hunted thousands of years ago have been found in
________.
a. aurora borealis b. coral reefs c. bacteria d. caves
18-I grow my own flowers in a small ________ in the garden.
a. source b. form c. patch d. pond
19-The heat from the sun is a form of ________.
a. fossil fuels b. renewable energy c. power station d. climate change
20-Solar ________ is used a lot in warm, sunny countries like Greece.
a. station b. fuel c. change d. power
21-We ________a lot of petrol during winter to keep warm.
a. prevent b. burn c. remove d. collect
22-A GPS unit is a useful ________ for taxi drivers as it helps them to find addresses.
a. source b. device c. equipment d. patch
23- Your hands are dirty and full of ________. You must wash them.
a. bacteria b. pollution c. garbage d. remains
24- Cars are a major factor in ________ all over the world.
a. temperature b. bacteria c. pollution d. environment
25-Please throw the ________ in the bin.
a. garbage b. pollution c. bacteria d. species
26-The forest is home to several ________ of bats.
a. forms b. species c. sources d. patches
27-My little brother ________ a train of cars.
a. made up b. cleaned up c. set up d. went up
28-We ________ a recycling group at school.
a. reached b. set up c. cleaned up d. made up

3-Choose the correct answer.

1-I _________ already_________ doing the dishes.
a.do/finish b.am/finishing c. have/finished d. has/ finished
55
 2. My father_________ just_________ home.
a. has/came b. has/come c. have/come d.is/coming
3.My best friend _________ my family yet.
a. haven’t met b. have met c. has met d. hasn’t met
4-It is 1 o’clock and it is very late. He has _________slept. He shouldn’t have stayed up that
late.
a. already b. yet c. just d. never
5- How long _________ through the rainforest?
a. he has walked b. he has been walking
c. has he walked d. has he been walking
6-Don’t touch the wall! I’ve _________painted it.
a. already b. just c. still d. yet
7- He's been exploring the jungle ________February.
a. for b. last c. since d. by
8-Take this picture. I________ it for you.
a. was painting b. have been painting
c. have painted d. am painting
9-He________me since we ________ the argument.
a. hasn’t called/ had b. hasn’t been calling / had
c. has called/ was having d. hasn’t called/ had had
10-We've never ________ to Africa before.
a. gone b. been c. stayed d. visited
11-I haven't had a shower________.
a. yet b. already c. still d. ever
12-My father ________ a new house recently.
a. bought b. has bought c. was buying d. has been buying
13-This is a great play. I ________ it many times.
a. watched b. am watching c. have watched d. have been watching

56
14-I have been awake for ________.
a. yesterday b. half an hour c. this morning d. two o'clock
15-How long________the children ________?
a. were/sleeping b. have / slept c. have / been sleeping d. are/sleeping
16-I've been learning to play _______ and now I want to buy one.
a) a guitar b) the guitar c) guitar d) -
17- This type of tigers live in _______ India.
a) the b) - c) an d) a
18- Elephants are _______ land animals.
a) largest b) the largest c) the larger d) -
19-I saw _______accident of _______ car on my way to _______.
a) the/a/the b) an/a/- c) an/the/the d) -/a/the
20-Alex is training to be _______ engineer.
a) an b) a c) the d) -
21-I need _______ kilo gram of _______ salt.
a) a /the b) a /a c) a/- d) the /-
22-I like to play _______ football at the club.
a) - b) the c) a d) an
23-Tom is _______ honest person who you can trust.
a) a b) the c) an d) -

24-_______Friday is my favourite day of the week.

a) The b) - c) A d)An

25- What time do you have _______ lunch.

a) the b) a c) an d) -

4- Rewrite the following sentences using the words in brackets:

1-River Nile is in Egypt. (Correct the error)
………................................................................................................................................................

57
2- The boys are still looking for their ball. (Rewrite with: not … yet)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3-This furniture is made of________ (nature) materials, including cotton and wood.
(Put the word in the correct form)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4- The scientist started working 2 hours ago. (Rewrite with: for 2 hours)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5- They moved to America in I999 and still live here. (Use: since)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6-I really did all my homework. (Use: already)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
7- I want to get information about my ancestors and how they lived many years ago.
(Use a phrasal verb)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8- Natural : …………………………………………………………………. (Give the derivatives of the word)
………………………………………………………………………………………..
9- A place where electricity is produced. (Give one word)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
10- He can speak many languages, but he can't speak (the / a/ –/ an) Arabic. (Choose)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
11-I have studied English since 2000. (Use: for)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
12- John went shopping earlier, but he’s come back home now. (Use: been)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
13- I have just finished the film. (Rewrite with: haven’t)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
14-She has been studying for three hours. (Make a question)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
15- Children like the sweets. (Correct the error)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………......
16- He has learnt English since seven years. (Correct )
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………......

58
5-Read the passage then answer the questions.
Endangered Species
In spring 2008, the polar bear was placed on the endangered species list. According to the
USA's Endangered Species Act, an endangered species is an animal, plant or any other kind of
wildlife that is likely to face extinction in its natural habitat. Polar bears had already been
categorized as a "threatened" species which the ESA defines as one that is likely to become
"endangered" in the foreseeable future.
The polar bear is the first animal that has been classified as endangered due primarily
to global warming. Global warming is a form of climate change caused by increased levels of
carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases that become trapped in the atmosphere. Oil and
gas heaters, engines using oil or petrol (or gasoline) and coal-powered electricity plants all
require fossil fuels that lead to global warming. Renewable energy sources or renewables that
don't cause global warming include solar, wind and hydro-electricity power. These alternative
forms of power, as well as the science of climate change, have been strongly attacked by many
of the world's biggest companies in order to protect the huge profits they make from fossil
fuels. They do this even though they're fully aware of how much fossil fuels are damaging our
planet and endangering many of the species we share it with.
The polar bear's habitat is more vulnerable to global warming than many other species.
Polar bears live mainly on the sea ice in the Arctic. This is where they hunt for fish and build up
fat reserves. When the ice melts many polar bears move to land and live off their stored fat. In
the Arctic, global warming is causing the ice to melt slightly earlier and form slightly later. This
results in a shorter feeding season for the polar bear. Some risk their lives to find ice. If they
have to swim too far they will drown from exhaustion and hunger. The World Wildlife Fund
estimates that over 25% of Arctic sea ice has disappeared in the past 30 years.
It is not only the polar bear that is at risk in the Arctic. Every species of plant, animal, and
insect there is threatened by global warming. Nevertheless, groups of concerned scientists
and environmentalists such as the World Wildlife Fund often study large carnivores in order to
assess the health of an ecosystem. The Arctic food chain relies on the polar bear. In addition,
donations are more commonly offered for the protection of large animals such as bears or
elephants. People in general are less interested in conservation efforts that protect small
wildlife, such as plants or insects. However, by using donor money to protect the habitats of
larger animals through reforestation and similar programs, entire ecosystems with many
threatened or endangered species can be saved.
It is important that animals such as the polar bear make it onto the endangered species list.
Once they are on the list there are laws that protect these animals from being hunted for food

59
or sport. Agencies also receive money and tools to protect the habitat and recover the species.
The goal of removing the animal from the list is often achievable. Since the Endangered
Species Act was introduced in the US in 1973, many species have been taken off the list due to
increased populations. In fact, it is rare for a species to go extinct after they make the list.
Sadly, many species do go extinct while waiting for consideration.

A- Answer the following questions:

1- Which type of energy contributes to global warming?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2- What major change has occurred in the polar bear's natural habitat?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3- What type of conservation efforts are people generally interested in?
……………………………………………………………………………………

B- Choose the correct answer:

1. The place where a species lives and reproduces is its natural……..
1- habitat 2- wildlife 3- extinction
2. According to the article, an endangered species is one that is ………
1- already extinct 2- already dangerous 3- in danger of extinction
3. Certain companies use money and political influence to attack climate science and
renewables in order to protect ………..
1- endangered species 2- natural habitats 3- their future profits

6- Translation
Translate into Arabic:
Knowledge will give you power, but good character will give you respect.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Translate into English:

0‫ السعادة و الكتاب نفس الشيء تقريبا‬،‫ ولكن يمكنك شراء الكتاب‬، ‫ال يمكنك شراء السعادة‬
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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 Homework exercises
1-Complete the sentences from the box.
at – onto – before – in – into – over – to - from
1-The bright red flowers were ………... from a distance.
2-I’m busy …….. the moment. Can we talk later?
3-We must ………... Our rooms before mum arrives .
4-The government have turned this place ………… a wildlife garden.
5- Plastic can …………. Into tiny pieces.
2- Choose the correct answer:
1." (You have been sitting – Have you been sitting – Have you sat – Have you sit) on the beach
for three hours?" "Yes, I have."
2. I (dug – have dug – have been digging – was digging) the garden all morning, and I'm
extremely tired now.
3. He can play (- , a , the , an) flute very well.
4. My uncle likes travelling a lot. He (has visited – has gone – has been going – has been) to 30
countries so far.
3- Rewrite the following sentences:
1. We have been living here for 2 months. (Negative)
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. Do you know where ………….. Canary Islands are? (Use a suitable article)
3. She only uses cleaning products that are ………..(biodegrade). (Put the word in the correct
form)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. She has travelled abroad. (Ask :Yes / No question)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. He has been a member of Greenpeace for more than ten years. (Rewrite with another
word that gives the same meaning)
…………………………………………………………………………………….

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 Unit Four
4-That’s the Fashion
1- model (n) a person who wears different clothes to advertise them
2- fashion show (n) an event where people can see models wearing new styles of clothes
3-earn (v) to get sth (usually money) for sth that you have done or made
(earnings :n pl)
4-lining (n) the material on the inside of a jacket, skirt or dress (line :v)
5-fan (n) sb who likes a particular sport, team, group or famous person
6-stamp (v) to put your foot down heavily
7-label (n) a piece of paper/plastic attached to sth with information about price,
material, etc. ( label :v)
8-running water (n) water that comes directly into a building and comes out of a tap
9-tailor (n) a person who makes clothes as a job, especially suits, etc. for men
10-last (v) to keep going or stay in good condition for a certain amount of time
(lasting :adj)
11-swap (v) to exchange one thing for another (swap :n)
12-prove (v) to use evidence to show that sth is true (proof :n)
13-gather (v) to come together
14-wealthy (adj) rich (wealth :n)
15-afford (v) to have enough money to buy sth (affordable: adj)
16-fit (v) to be the right size (fit (n)
17- credit card (n) a small plastic card that you use to buy things and pay for them later
(by credit card = with a credit card)
18- receipt (n) a piece of paper showing you have bought sth (receive :v)
19- cash (n) money in the form of coins or notes(in cash = with cash)
20- bargain (n) sth for sale at a lower price than usual
21- accept (v) to agree to sth (acceptance :n, acceptable :adj)
22- changing room an area where you can try on clothes in a shop; an area where you
(n) can change clothes before and after taking part in sports (change :v,
n)
23- over (adv) across; on the other side of sth
24-customer (n) a person who buys sth

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 Clothing and Materials

1- bow tie (n) a tie in the shape of a bow, usually worn on special occasions
2- bracelet (n) a piece of jewellery that you wear around your arm
3- button (n) a small round or square piece of hard material used to fasten
clothes
4- earring (n) jewellery that you wear in or on your ear
5- glove (n) sth that you wear on your hand to keep it warm
6- handkerchief (n) a square piece of cloth used for cleaning the nose or drying tears
7- pocket (n) a small bag sewn into a piece of clothing to carry things in
8-scarf (n) a length or square of fabric worn around the neck or head
9-jewellery (n) personal ornaments, such as necklaces, rings, or bracelets, that are
typically made from or contain jewels and precious metal.

bow tie bracelet button gloves

handkerchief pocket blouse scarf

coat earring glasses watch ring

63
 Adjectives to Describe Clothes

1- leather made of a material made from the skins of animals (leather :n)
2- elegant stylish (elegance :n) (opp: inelegant)
3- well-dressed wearing expensive or formal clothes
4- fine of a high-quality
5- casual not formal; everyday (casually :adv) ( opp: formal)
6- antique very old and sometimes valuable (antique :n)
7- fashionable popular for a while (fashion: n, fashionably: adv) (opp:
unfashionable)
8- loose wide and not close-fitting (loosen :v, loosely :adv) ( opp: tight)
9- old-fashioned not modern (opp: modern, fashionable)
10- original different from other people or things and special, interesting
(originally :adv, originality :n)
11- smart wearing nice clothes and having a tidy appearance (smartly :adv)
12- tight fitting close to your body (tightly :adv) (opp: loose)
13- wool made of a thick soft thread made from the coat of a sheep, etc. (wool
:n, woolly (adj) ( syn: woollen (Br English), woolen (US English)
15- silky a thin smooth cloth made from thread which is produced by a
silkworm (silk :n)

64
1-try on see if a piece of clothing fits you or looks nice

2-go with to match

3-shop around to look at things in different shops to compare prices, quality
4-pick up to take sth from the floor, a shelf, etc.
5-wear out to be used so much that it becomes useless
6-pay for to give money for the goods you receive at the time of paying
II-Grammar:

Usages:

65
66
Example:

67
Grammar2:

68
69
1- Complete the following dialogue:
Assistant: Can I help you?
Lisa: Yes, 1) ………………………………………………………………...
Assistant: This skirt is $40.
Lisa: 2) ………………………………………………………………………......?
Assistant: Yes, you can 3).……………………………………………….?
Lisa: size 10, please 4) …………………………………………………….?
Assistant: Ok, here it is. The changing room is over there.
Lisa puts on the skirt. It's too small.
Lisa: 5) ……………………………………………………………………………?
Assistant: Yes, here you are.
Lisa puts on the new skirt. It fits.
Assistant: How was it?
Lisa: 6) ………………………………………………………………………………
2-Choose the correct answer.
1- The actors wore ________ outfits for the Oscar ceremony.
a. Individual b. elegant c. antique d. old- fashioned
2-The ________ woman used her money to make the world a better place.
a. well –dressed b. wealthy c. casual d. original
3-Our car is very old now, but we can’t ________ to buy a new one.
a. express b. fit c. afford d. prove
4-The ________ were waiting outside the theatre for the band to arrive.
a. candidates b. pedestrians c. fans d. customers
5- The ________ says this T-shirt is made of cotton.
a. plastic b. label c. lining d. receipt

70
6-Sadly, there are many poor countries where people have no ________ water in their homes.
a. flowing b. streaming c. flooding d. running
7-Paul’s new trousers were too long, so he took them to a ________ who made them shorter.
a. head chef b. customer c. hair dresser d. tailor
8-I think he stole the money, but I can’t ________ it.
a. express b. provide c. prove d. reach
9-I pay by my ________ when I go shopping because it is more practical.
a. cash b. credit card c. receipt d. bargain
10-Hundreds of people will ________in the streets to watch the carnival parade.
a. gather b. afford c. wave d. greet
11-You can wear ________ clothes because it isn’t a formal party
a. formal b. affordable c. inexpensive d. casual
12- This lovely ________ table belonged to my great-grandmother.
a. old fashioned b. ancient c. smart d. antique
13-I’ve found my purse in my jacket ________.
a. button b. scarf c. pocket d. label
14-These shoes are too big and don’t ________me well. I will not buy them.
a.fit b. express c. cover d. relate to
15-You’re allowed to take up to four items into the changing room to ________.
a. set up b. try on c. shop around d. pick up
16- Your coat is on the chair over there. The word ‘over ‘is ________.
a. adjective b. preposition c. adverb d. conjunction
17-Please pick ________ your clothes and put them in the drawer.
a. on b.at c. out d. up
18-Grandma made me a warm ________ jumper for Christmas.
a. cotton b. wool c. silk d. leather

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19-Can I pay ________ this dress by card?
a.off b. about c. for d. of
20-There were lots of ________ in the sales as everything was half price.
a. cash b. labels c. receipts d. bargains
21-He does research online to ________for the best price before buying anything.
a.try on b. pick up c. look at d. shop around
22-You can try on the dress in the ________ room.
a. changing b. change c. exchange d. dressing
23-When you buy something, keep your ________ in case you want to return it.
a. label b. change c. receipt d. cash
24-Let’s look ________ the clothes in this store. They look elegant.
a. on b. up c. out d. at
25-I’d like to pay for this blouse in ________.
a. card b. cash c. receipt d. debt
26-The new shop was crowded with ________ from all over the country.
a. candidates b. customers c. fans d. neighbours
27-After losing ten kilos, the ________ looked very thin and unhealthy in the fashion show.
a. model b. customer c. designer d. fan
28- Andy’s designer label shoes didn’t ________ long with daily walking, so he had to buy
another pair.
a. fit b. swap c. express d. last

3-Choose the correct answer.

1-That's the family _______dog rescued the child.
a) which b) whose c) that d) who
2- Tom, _______sister works in the safari park, is my best friend.
a) that b) where c) whose d) when
3- There's the building _______my father works.
a) which b) where c) when d) that
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4-2000 was the year _______ I was graduated from university.
a) which b) when c) who d) where
5-'Could you please tell me the reason _______ you want to have an early leave today?
a) why b) that c) which d) when
6- People _______ care about the environment are usually fond of animals.
a) which b) when c) who d) that
7- That's the girl _______ father owns the company I work for.
a) when b) whose c) that d) who
8- The festival, _______ lasted all day, ended with a banquet.
a) that b) who c) which d) what
9-I am looking for someone _______ can watch my dog while I go on vacation.
a) which b) who c) whom d) whoever
10-I’d like to take you to a café _______ serves excellent coffee.
a) what b) whatever c) which d) whichever
11-I saw the shoes _______ you bought last week on sale for less this week.
a) when b) that c) who d) whom
12-The baby, _______ nap had been interrupted, wailed loudly.
a) whose b) whomever c) whom d) who
13- I ‘ll call you _______I get home from school.
a) until b) as soon as c) by d) as
14- By the time mum_______, the kitchen will be clean.
a) arrives b) will arrive c) arrived d) arrive
15- Before you _______out, put on a coat!
a) will go b) go c) have gone d) went
16-Our teacher says we mustn’t move until we _______ the bell.
a) hear b) will hear c) won’t hear d) heard
17-As soon as you _______ your meal, we will go for a walk.
a) will finish b) finished c) finish d) have finished
18-Do you clean your teeth before you _______ to bed?
a) will go b) are going to go c) go d) went

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19-They won’t return their books until they _______ them all.
a) have read b) will read c) won’t read d) read
20-We _______ the dog for a walk when it stops raining.
a) have taken b) take c) will take d) are taking
21-Will you explain the problem when she _______ here?
a) have arrived b) arrives c) will arrive d) arrived
22-When I _______ time, I’ll paint the house.
a) have had b) will have c) had d) have
4- Rewrite the following sentences using the words in brackets:
1-Jane often buys new clothes because she likes to be _________ (fashion).
(Put the word in the correct form)
2- I’ll wait in the car. You’ll go into the shop. (while)
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3- an area where you can try on clothes in a shop. (Give one word)
………………………………………………………………………………..
4- Giza is the city. I was born there. (Join with: where)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5- We left Harvard in 2008. My sister finished college then. (use: when)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6- The man, which robbed the house, has been arrested. (Correct the mistake)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7- The children clapped their hands and put their feet down heavily to the music.
(Give one word)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8- The athletes will start to run (when – until – before) they hear the gun. (Choose)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
9-I’m looking for a blouse to match this skirt. (Rewrite with a phrasal verb)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
10- Casual #.................... (Opposite)
11-Those expensive shoes will never wear off. (Correct the error)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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12- Ben will talk to Mandy. She’ll go home. (before)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
13- I ……………… (have) an ice-cream before the film ………………. (start).
(Put the verbs in the correct tense)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
14- This is the chair. The carpenter repaired it last week. (Use: relative pronoun)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

15- A person who wears different clothes to advertise them. (Give one word)
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
5- Read the passage then answer the questions:
Computers
Computers are being used more and more widely in the world today. They are far more
efficient than human beings. They can store information and many other things we do, but
faster and better. Computers can catch criminals. They can help the police fight crime, and find
out information about people's appearance. Photographs of different kinds of criminals are
seen across the computer screen. So computers are very useful for helping us catch thieves
and murderers. The only problem is that we now have a new kind of criminal. He is a very
clever man who knows how to corrupt a computer, and he is very difficult to be caught.
A- Answer the following questions:
1. Why are the computers far more efficient than human beings?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. What can we see across the computer screen?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Why is it sometimes very difficult to catch a criminal?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
B- Choose the correct answer:
1. Human beings are (faster – more efficient – less efficient) than computers.
2. Today's criminal is (stupid – silly – clever).
3. The underlined word "They" refers to (computers – criminals – murderers).
6- Translation
A- Translate into Arabic:
Tourism is very important. It increases our national income. So we should encourage tourists
to visit our country.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
B- Translate into English:
‫ال تنتظر الفرصة ؛ و لكن اصنعها‬
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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 Homework exercises
1- choose the correct answer:
1. Being a model sounds like fun, but it's hard way to (earn – swap – afford – accept)a living.
2. I (gathered – expressed – swapped – earned) seats with my friends at school so he could sit
next to the window.
3. Her style is so original. I haven't seen anyone else like her. "original" means (traditional –
different – the same – old fashioned).
4. The shop (provides – affords – accepts – values) credit cards from most banks.
5. The new shop was crowded with (candidates – customers – fans – neighbours) from all over
the country.
6. The police needed details (who – whatever – that – what) could help identify the robber.
7. This is the place( when – where – who – that) we met.
8. As soon as I (will take – take – am going to take – took) this medicine, I will feel better.
9. Pete will take his parents' permission before he (will bring – is bringing – brings – bring) his
friend home.
10. Our teacher says we mustn't move until we (hear – will hear – won't hear – heard) the bell.
2-Rewrite the following sentences using the words in brackets:
1. I'll show you my photographs. I'll see you tomorrow. (when)
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. As soon as I …………….(get) there, I ………….(phone) for a taxi. (Put the verbs in the correct
tense)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. My black jacket has a thin cotton line inside. (Correct the mistake)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4- Old fashioned # ……………………….. (Opposite)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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" Day " by Spring- Rice…
" The Tiger " by William Blake…
Great, Wide, Beautiful, Wonderful World by W. B.
Rands…

77
 Some Definitions
1- What is Poetry ?
It is the oldest form of literature. It was used even before man could read or write.
Men sang or recited poetry for thousands of years before they could write them
down. Poetry is like music because it creates beautiful sounds with words when
expressing ideas and feelings.
2- Alliteration :-
The repetition of the first sound or letter of a succession of words as in the poem "
Great, Wide ,Beautiful, Wonderful World "
" With the wonderful water……….."
The ( w ) is repeated three times in this line.
3- Personification :-
To regard a thing or animal as a person as in the poem " Day "
"I am busy," said the sea. The poet personifies the sea and makes it talk.
4- Metaphor :-
The use of words to indicate something different from the literal meaning as in the
poem " The Tiger " .
What the hand dare seize the fire ?
5- Simile :-
Comparison of one thing to another as in the poem " Daffodils ".
The comparison is usually made by using ' like ' or 'as '.
I wandered lonely as a cloud .
6- Contrast :-
The use of opposite words to make the meaning clear as in the poem " Daffodils "
….. lonely X crowd
Over vales X beneath the trees
Ah, you are sogreat, and I am so small.
1- Ballad :-
Is the poem which tells a story as in the poem " The Rescue "

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 2- Rhyme :-
It means that the words at the end of each line sound alike .
"I am busy, " said the sea,
" I am busy, think of me,
Here the words " sea " and " me " sound alike.
3- Stanza :-
Every poem is divided into stanzas. A stanza consists of two or more lines and it
usually deals or covers on item or idea.

1-" Day "

Sir Spring – Rice
Sir Spring – Rice ( 1859 – 1918 ) :
He studied at Oxford, England. He worked at several jobs in the Foreign Office, and he
was also an important person as he represented his country in many foreign countries.
Along with his political work, he was a poet. His most famous poem is " I Vow to Thee
My Country ' . It is a patriotic poem, and today is still sung. Besides his patriotic poetry,
he also took the time to write poems for children. His children's poetry was written to
help them appreciate the wonderful world around them.

Stanza ( 1 ):-
am busy, " said the sea." I
I am busy , think of me.
Making continents to be.
" I am busy, " said the sea.
Vocabulary:-
1- Busy : having a lot of work or tasks to do.
2- Continents : big masses of land.
Paraphrase:-
In this stanza, the poet talks about one of the elements of nature which is the sea and
the work it does. It builds up the continents on which we live.

79
Figures of speech :-
1- Personification :-
Line 1 " I am busy, " said the sea.
The sea is personified here. It talks about itself as if it were a person that is busy.
2- Alliteration :-
Line 1 " I am busy, " said the sea.
The ( s ) sound is repeated in said and sea.

Rhyme scheme :-
a aaa
Stanza ( 2 ):-
" I am busy, " said the rain.
When I fall it's not in vain.
Wait and you will see the grain.
" I am busy, " said the rain.
Vocabulary :-
1- Vain : without use – for nothing.
2- Grain : seeds of food, plants such as wheat and rice.

Paraphrase :-
In this stanza, the poet talks about the rain and the important work it does. The rain
does not fall uselessly. It falls to help our food to grow in the fields.
Figures of speech :-
1- Personification :-
Line 1 " I am busy, " said the rain.
The rain is personified here. It talks about itself as if it were a person that is busy.
2- Alliteration :-
Line 3 Wait and you will see the grain.
The '' w " sound is repeated in wait and will.
Rhyme scheme :-
b bbb
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Stanza ( 3 ):-
"I am busy," said the air.
Blowing here and blowing there,
Up and down and everywhere.
"I am busy," said the air.
Vocabulary :-
1- Blowing: moving along.

Paraphrase :-
In this stanza, the poet moves to the work of the air. It blows everywhere and in all
directions cooling down the weather, carrying clouds and helping us to breathe.

Figures of speech :-
1- Personification :-
Line 1 " I am busy, " said the air.
The air is personified here. It talks about itself as if it were a person that is busy.
2- Contrast:-
Line 2 Blowinghere and blowing there.
Here x there
Line 3 Up and down and everywhere.
Up x down
Rhyme scheme :-
c ccc

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Stanza ( 4):-
"I am busy," said the sun.
All my planets, every one,
Know my work is never done.
"I am busy," said the sun.

Vocabulary :-
1- Planets : heavenly bodies that move round the sun such as the earth, the
moon…..

Paraphrase :-
In this stanza, the poet talks about the sun and its important work. He says that the
work of the sun can't be denied and that all the other planets know the importance
of that work. He also says that the work of the sun is never finished otherwise there
would be no life on earth.

Figures of speech :-
1- Personification :-
Line 1 " I am busy, " said the sun.
The sun is personified here. It talks about itself as if it were a person that is busy.
2- Alliteration :-
Line 1 " I am busy," said the sun.
The " s " sound is repeated in said and sun.
Rhyme scheme :-
d ddd

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Stanza ( 5 ) :-
Sea and rain and air and sun,
Here's a fellow toiler – one.
Whose task will soon be done.

Vocabulary :-
1- Fellow : friend.
2- Toiler : hard worker.

Paraphrase :-
In this stanza, the poet describes himself as a hard fellow worker and compares
between his work and that of the sea, rain, air and sun. The poet comes to the
conclusion that man's work is limited and can come to an end but the work of nature
is endless.

Figures of speech :-
1- Metaphor :-
Line 1 Sea and rain and air and sun,
Line 2 Here's a fellow toiler – one.
In these two lines , the poet compares his own work to that of the elements of
nature.
2- Alliteration :-
Line 1 Sea and rain and air and sun,
The ( s ) sound is repeated in sea and sun .

Rhyme scheme :-
e ee

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 Questions &answers :-
1-What important work does the sea do?
It builds up the continents on which

2-What is the vital role of rain?.

There is no doubt that the rain plays an important role .It does not fall uselessly . It
falls to help our food to grow in the fields.

3-"The air is very important to our life " " illustrate"

The air blows everywhere and in all directions cooling down the
weather, carrying clouds and helping us to breathe.

4-What will happen if the work of the sun is finished?

The role of the sun is very necessary and all the planets know its importance. The
work of the sun is never finished otherwise there would be no life on earth.

5-How does the poem differentiate between man's work andthe work of the
elements of nature?
Man's work is limited and can come to an end but the work of nature is endless.

6-What is the poem similar to? why?

It is similar to a song because it is very easy to learn and each element is
personified and is given a quality of man.

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 2-“The Tiger”
William Blake
William Blake ( 1757 – 1827 ) :
He grew up in London with his parents, his three brothers and one sister. He went to
art school. At the age of fifteen, he began to learn how to make pictures for books. In
1783, he published his first book of poems with his own illustrations. His best poems
are found in two collections. Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience. In these
poems, Blake tells us that we need these two qualities in our life. These collections of
poetry are beautifully illustrated and Blake became a well known poet for both his
writing and his art work.
Stanza ( 1 ) :-
Tiger !Tiger ! burning bright
In the forests of the night,
What immortal hand or eye
Could frame thy fearful symmetry ?
Vocabulary :-
1- Burning : shining brightly.
2- Immortal : living or lasting forever.
3- Frame : shape.
4- Thy :your.
5- Symmetry : balance of parts.
Paraphrase :-
The poem begins with what looks like a shout, or a warning. The word ' Tiger ' is
capitalized and repeated two times. It has a unique spelling with an exclamation mark
after it. Blake has done this to show that the tiger is unique, unusual and dangerous
animal. The orange and black stripes of the tiger make it look like fire, as it moves in
the forest at night. Then, the poet admires the immortal and mighty power of God who
is able to create such a fearful and attractive creature.
Figures of speech :-
1- Metaphor :-
Line 1 Tiger ! Tiger ! burning bright
The tiger is compared to a burning fire which is uncontrollable and frightening.

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2- Alliteration :-
Line 1 Tiger ! Tiger ! burning bright
The ( t ) sound is repeated twice in Tiger ! Tiger !
The ( b ) sound is repeated in burning and bright .
Line 4 Could frame thy fearful symmetry ?
The ( f ) sound is repeated in frame and fearful.

Rhyme scheme :-
a a b b
Stanza ( 2 ) :-
In what distant deeps or skies
Burnt the fire of thineeyes ?
On what wings dare he aspire ?
What the hand dare seize the fire ?
Vocabulary :-
1- Thine:your.
2- Dare : be brave enough to.
3- Aspire :desire.
4- Seize : get hold of.
Paraphrase :-
The poet wonders where this frightening creature was made. Was it made high in
the sky, or somewhere deep inside the earth ?. He asks the tiger where it got the
fire in its eyes from, and wonders how the Creator's hand could take fire and put it in
the tiger's eyes. Blake believes that the fire in the tiger's eyes is so powerful that no
one dares to come close or tries to hold it.
Figures of speech :-
1- Alliteration :-
Line 1 In what distant deeps or skies
The ( d ) sound is repeated in distant and deeps.
Line3 On what wings dare he aspire ?
The ( w ) sound is repeated in what and wings.

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2- Metaphor :-
Line 2 Burnt the fire of thine eyes ?
The eyes of the tiger look like fire which is so powerful & dangerous.
Line 4 What the hand dare seize the fire ?
The eyes of the tiger look like fire that no one dares to hold it.

Rhyme scheme :-
c c d d
Stanza ( 3 ) :-
And what shoulder, & what art.
Could twist the sinews of thy heart?
And when thy heart began to beat,
What dread hand? & what dread feet?

Vocabulary :-
1- Art : skill.
2- Thy :your.
3- Twist : turn with force.
4- Sinews : strong cords within the body which hold the flesh to the bones.
5- Dread : great fear.
Paraphrase :-
The poet continues to talk about the impressive nature of the tiger.
He is amazed at the great skill and strength of the creator who shaped the tiger's
shoulder and twisted the sinews of its heart. Once the tiger's heart is created, the
tiger is brought to life as a fearful and scary animal.
Figures of speech :-
1- Alliteration :-
Line 1 And when thy heart began to beat
The ( b ) sound is repeated in began and beat .
Rhyme scheme :-
e e f f

87
 Stanza ( 4 ) :-
What the hammer? What the chain?
In what furnace was thy brain?
What the anvil? What dread grasp
Dare its deadly terrors clasp?

Vocabulary :-
1- Hammer : a tool for pounding.
2- Chain : connected links or rings made of iron.
3- Anvil : a heavy iron block where metal is shaped .
4- Terrors : feelings of great fear.
5- Grasp : to catch.
Paraphrase :-
The poet talks about the tools used to create that fearful animal, and about the
place in which it is shaped. The strength of the tiger requires that strong and heavy
tools such as hammer, chain and an anvil which are used in a furnace to form this
strong creature.
The poet believes that no one, except God, can think of creating such an animal, or
can have the courage to touch and hold it after it has been created.
Figures of speech :-
1- Metaphor :-
Line 1 What the hammer? What the chain?
Line 2 In what furnace was thy brain ?
The poet is comparing the tiger's Creator to a hard worker, like a blacksmith.

Rhyme scheme :-
g g hh

88
 Stanza ( 5 ) :-
When the stars threw down their spears,
And watered heaven with their tears,
Did He smile his work to see?
Did He who made the Lamb make thee?
Vocabulary :-
1- Spears: large, long arrows.
2- Watered: rained.
Paraphrase :-
To the poet, light from the stars looks like spears or arrows. But may be the stars
are crying, and their tears are like water. The tiger is now complete. The poet
wonders if God, who made the tiger, was happy with the result. He wonders if the
same process was used to make the gentle lamb. The poet glorifies the might of
God who can create a gentle animal like the lamb, as well as a fierce animal like the
tiger.
Figures of speech :-
1- Alliteration :-
Line 3 Did He smile his work to see ?
The ( s ) sound is repeated in smile and see .

2- Personification :-
Line 1 When the stars threw down their spears,
The stars are personified as if they were persons that threw something.
3- Metaphor :-
Line 2 And watered heaven with their tears,
The poet is comparing the star light to water or tears.

Rhyme scheme :-
ii j j

89
Stanza ( 6 ) :-
Tiger !tiger ! burning bright
In the forests of the night,
What immortal hand or eye
Dare frame thy fearful symmetry ?
Paraphrase :-
The poet reminds the reader of the impressive nature of the tiger. He wants us to
consider again both the power and courage needed by the Creator to make such a
powerful, fearful creature.
Rhyme scheme :-
a a b b
Questions &answers :-
1- " The tiger is compared to a burning fire …." " Discuss "
The poet compares the tiger to a burning fire which is strong, powerful,
uncontrollable and frightening. The poet also says that the tiger looks like fire
because of its orange and black stripes which make it like a fire when it moves in
the forest at night.
2-Which tools does the poet talk about in the poem ?
The poet talks about the tools that are used to create and form that fearful animal.
He says that the strength of the tiger requires strong and heavy tools such as
hammer, chain and an anvil.
3- Why does the poet make a comparison between the strong,fierce tiger and
the lamb?
The poet wants to say that God, who made the tiger which is strong and powerful
used the same process to make such a gentle lamb. Here, the poet glorifies the
might of God who can create a gentle animal like a lamb, as well as a fierce animal
like the tiger.
4- Why does the poet repeat the last stanza?
The poet repeats the last stanza to remind the reader of the impressive of the tiger.
He wants us to consider again both the power and courage needed by the creator to
make such a powerful, fearful creature. This repetition also creates internal music
that is not easy to forget.

90
3-"Great, Wide, Beautiful, Wonderful World "
William Brightly Rands
William Brightly Rands ( 1823 – 1882 ) :-
He was born in England, the son of poor parents. Between the age of 10 and 13, he
went to school on and off, but he mainly educated himself. He was a very smart child.
He began reading at the age of two. Before he started school, he could read in Latin
and Greek. At the age of thirteen, he worked in a law office but earned very little
money. He later became a foreign correspondent in a city merchant's office. He learnt
French and Spanish, too. He retired in 1875. He wrote many poems , books and
articles. His poem " Great, Wide, Beautiful, Wonderful World " is one of his best –
known poems. It is still read by people in many countries. He felt strong love of nature
and his poem expresses this love, along with musical approach to words.
Stanza ( 1 ) :-
Great, wide, beautiful, wonderful world,
With the wonderful water round you curled,
And the wonderful grass upon your breast
World, you are beautifully drest.
Vocabulary :-
1-Round : around.
2- Curled : wrapped around.
3- Breast : chest.
4- Drest : dressed.
Paraphrase :-
The poet talks about the world. He writes that the world is large, great and beautiful.
He compares the world to a human, saying that it wraps itself in beautiful grass and big
oceans, like a person in beautiful clothes. The green grass covers the world's chest in
the same way as clothing covers humans.
Figures of speech :-
1- Alliteration :-
Line 1 Great, wide, beautiful, wonderful world,
Line 2 With the wonderful water round you curled,
The ( w ) sound is repeated in these two lines.
91
2- Personification :-
Line 3 And the wonderful grass upon your breast
Line 4 World, you are beautifully drest.
The world is dressed in grass and oceans, like a human that is dressed in clothes. It
is also personified as if it were a human that has a chest.
Rhyme scheme :-
a a b b
Stanza ( 2 ) :-
The wonderful air is over me,
And the wonderful wind is shaking the tree,
It walks on the water, and whirls the mills,
And talks to itself on the tops of the hills.
Vocabulary :-
1- Shaking: moving something from side to side.
2- Whirls: moves in circles.
Paraphrase :-
The poet thinks that the natural world is large and beautiful. He is impressed by
what the wind is able to do. It makes the trees shake, causes waves and moves the
mills to grind the grain. When the wind blows up and around the mountains, it
makes a noise as if it were talking to itself.
Figures of speech :-
1- Alliteration :-
Line 3 It walks on the water, and whirls the mills,
The ( w ) sound is repeated in the words walks, water, and whirls.
Line 4 And talks to itself on the tops of the hills.
The ( t ) sound is repeated in the words talks and tops.
2- Personification :-
Line 3 It walks on the water,
Line 4 It talks to itself on the tops of the hills.
The wind is personified as if it were a human that walks and talks.
Rhyme scheme :-
c c d d
92
Stanza ( 3 ) :-
You friendly Earth! how far do you go,
With the wheat – fields that nod and the rivers that flow,
With cities and gardens, and cliffs and isles,
And people upon you for thousands of miles?
Vocabulary :-
1- Wheat – fields: where wheat is grown.
2- Nod: move one's head up and down.
3- Flow: move in a stream; to move steadily and smoothly.
4- Cliff: a high steep surface of earth ( especially of rock ).
5- Isles: islands.
Paraphrase :-
In this stanza, the poet wonders how big the Earth really is. He asks it about its size
and shape. He says that upon the Earth, there are natural landscapes, like fields
,rivers, cliffs and islands. These are all made by nature. There are also things made by
humans like cities and gardens. Large crowds of people live on the Earth and it is a
number bigger than the poet can imagine.
Figures of speech :-
1- Personification :-
Line 1 You friendly Earth ! how far do you go,
Line 2 With the wheat – fields that nod and the rivers that flow,
The Earth is personified as if it were a human that is friendly.
The wheat also is personified as if it were a human that moves the head up and
down.
Rhyme scheme :-
ee ff

93
Stanza ( 4 ) :-
Ah, you are so great and I am so small,
I tremble to think of you, World, at all;
And yet, when I said my prayers today,
A whisper inside me seemed to say,
" You are more than the Earth, though you are such a dot:
You can love and think, and the Earth cannot ! ".
Vocabulary :-
1- Tremble: shake with fear or excitement.
2- Prayer: a talk with God.
3- Whisper: speak very softly.
4- Dot: a small mark.
Paraphrase :-
In this stanza, the poet compares himself to the world, and this comparison makes
him feel incredibly small. The size of the world makes the poet tremble, but when he
says his prayers, he hears a low voice inside him that tells him he is really more
important than the whole Earth. The voice reminds him that even though he is just a
very small object upon the Earth, he is much more important. He can do something
that the world is unable to do: he can love and think.
Figures of speech :-
1- Alliteration :-
Line 2 I tremble to think of you, World ,at all;
The ( t ) sound is repeated in the words tremble and to .
2- Contrast :-
Line 1 Ah, you are so great and I am so small.
The poet highlights the huge difference in size between a human and the Earth.
3- Metaphor :-
Line 5 You are more than the Earth, though you are such a dot:
The poet compares himself to a dot .
Rhyme scheme :-
g g h hi

94
 Questions &answers :-
1-"Rands personifies the world as if it were a human"(Discuss)
In this poem, the poet talks about the world . He says that the world is large, great
and beautiful. He compares the world to a human, saying that it wraps itself in
beautiful grass and big oceans, like a person dressed in beautiful clothes. The
green grass covers the world's chest in the same way as clothing covers humans.

2- "The poet is impressed by the wind ." ( Illustrate )

The poet thinks that the natural world is large and beautiful. He is impressed by
what the wind is able to do. It makes the trees shake, causes waves and moves the
mills to grind the grain. And when the wind blows up and around the mountains, it
makes a noise as if it were talking to itself.
3- "Upon the Earth, there are natural landscapes and there arealso things made
by humans". "Mention them…."
The poet says that upon the Earth there are natural landscapes, like fields, rivers,
cliffs and islands. These are made by nature. There are also things made by
humans like cities and gardens.
4- The poet compares himself to the world. What does thiscomparison make
him feel?
The poet feels that he is incredibly small. The size of the world makes him tremble,
but when he says his prayers, he hears a low voice inside him that tells him he is
really more important than the whole world. As he can do things that the world is
unable to do: he can love and think.

5-What whisper did the poet hear while praying?

When the poet says his prayers, he hears a low voice inside him.
This voice reminds him that even though he is just a very small object upon the
Earth, he is much more important. He can do things that the world is unable to do:
he can love and think.

Good Luck…

95
The
Prisoner
Of
Zenda…

96
 Chapter ( 1 )
The Rassendylls
Questions &answers :-
1- What sort of man was Rudolf Rassendyll ?
He was a young English man of about twenty-nine years old. He was rich, with a
good social position. He had enjoyed a good deal of pleasure and picked up a good
deal of knowledge. He had been to a German school and a German university. He
could speak German as well as English. He was a good shot, good swordsman and
he could ride any kind of a horse. He was also calm and sensible.

2- Why was Rose angry with Rudolf ? How did he defend himself ?
Because he was twenty-nine years old ,but had done nothing for his future. She
accused him of caring for nothing but his own pleasures and the opportunities of his
position.
He said that he didn’t need to work because he had enough money, a good social
position and he was content with travelling about.

3- What was the difference between Robert and Rudolf in the eyes of Rose?

The difference was that Rubert was aware of the duties of his position while Rudolf
was only after his own pleasures.

4- What do you know about Madame Antoinette ?

She was a French widow, graceful, dark, and very pretty. She was rich, ambitious
and special to the Duke of Strelsau. She was going to Strelsau to meet Duke
Michael.

5- What made Rudolf decide to stop at Zenda ?

Because of the sudden change in the date of the coronation and the capital would
be very crowded, so it would not be easy for him to find a room as all the hotels
would be full.

97
7-" When in the world are you going to do anything?"
" comment "
These words were said by Rose to Rudolf whom she believed to be an idle who
cared for nothing but his own pleasures. She blamed him for doing nothing but
travelling about. She wanted him to be like his brother, to be aware of the duties of
his position.
8- " They love one another as men do who want the
same place and the same wife ." " comment '

These words were said by the younger girl of the small hotel
to Rudolf about the Elphberg family. She said that both the king
and his brother Michael wanted the same place which was the
throne and the same wife who was princess Flavia.

98
 Chapter ( 2 )
A Merry Evening with a New Relation
Questions &answers :-
1-Describe the castle of Zenda.
There were two buildings, an old building and a modern one. They were joined
together by a drawbridge. The castle was surrounded by a deep moat. It was the
country house of the Duke of Strelsau.

2- Who were Sapt and Fritz? What did they tell Rudolf when they first met him ?
Sapt and Fritz were close friends and men in the service of the king. When they first
met Rudolf, they told him that he looked very much like their king.

3- What did Michael do to prevent the coronation ?

He sent the king a drugged bottle of wine so as to prevent him from going to Strelsau
to be crowned. He did so in order to have both the throne and Flavia for himself.

4- Why didn’t the king move when Sapt tried to wake him in the morning of the
coronation ?
Because he was drugged after drinking the whole bottle which his brother Michael had
sent him so as to prevent him from going to the coronation.

5- What would happen if the king didn’t go to the coronation ?

Black Michael would be crowned instead of the king and he would also marry princess
Flavia.
6- " Chance sent you here. Chance sent you to Strelsau ".
" comment "
These words were said by Sapt to Rudolf in the hunting lodge after the king had been
drugged. He was trying to convince Rudolf to go to Strelsau to play the king's role.
Sapt believed that chance had sent Rudolf to Ruritania to save the king's life and his
throne.

99
 Chapter ( 3 )
The King Keeps his Appointment
Questions &answers :-
1- What important things did Sapt tell Rudolf about the king?
Sapt told Rudolf about the king's past life, his family, his likes and dislikes, his friends
and servants. He also told him the rules of the Ruritanian court.

2- Did Michael come to the station to welcome the king ?

No, he didn’t . He sent an apology with the Marshal that he couldn’t attend because he
had been suddenly taken ill and he would wait for the king at the church.

3- Describe the city of Strelsau.

The city of Strelsau was partly old and partly new. The old part was very crowded. The
streets were narrow, full of shops and the people of that part were poor and they were
for Michael. The new part of the city was wide, with new big houses and the people
were rich and they were for the king.

4- Why did Rassendyll feel for his revolver while passing through the streets of
the New Town ?
Because in one of the windows he saw Madame Antoinette looking at him. He was
afraid that she might cry out saying that Rudolf was not the king.

5- What did Flavia notice about the king ?

She noticed that he was changed, he was silent, more serious and thinner.

100
6- Whom did Flavia warn the king from ?
She warned the king from his brother, Michael because he wanted what the king had (
the throne and Flavia ).

7- " God save them both, Courage friend." " comment "
These words were said by Sapt to Rudolf when they arrived in Strelsau. While the
people were greeting the king, one of them shouted, " God save the king ! ". Sapt
meant that God saved both the real king and Rudolf .Here ,Sapt was also trying to
encourage him.

101
 Chapter ( 4 )
The Secret of a Cellar
Questions &answers :-
1- Who received a message that all was well, and what did it mean?
Michael received that message. It meant that the plan to arrest the king and kill
Joseph was carried out successfully.

2- When did Rudolf and Sapt understand the message that Michaelreceived from
Zenda ?
On arriving at the hunting lodge, they found Joseph was killed and Johann`s mother
and the king were not there. Sapt and Rudolf then understood the meaning of the
message.

3- Why was it safer for the king that Rudolf should replace him for the second
time ?
Because Michael couldn’t hurt the king as long as Rudolf was there ruling, otherwise
he would be giving the throne to a stranger.

4- " You'll be lucky if you are still Rudolf Rassendyll . ""comment "
These words were said by Sapt to Rudolf after the coronation. While they were resting
in the king's dressing room, Sapt meant that Rudolf would be lucky if he got out of
Ruritania alive.

5- " The king will be in his capital tomorrow ". " comment "
These words were said by Sapt to Rudolf in the hunting lodge when they found that the
king had been arrested. He meant that Rudolf would go once more to the Capital as a
king.

6- " Well, little Josef will have company," . " comment "
These words were said by Sapt to Rudolf after the fight with Michael's men who came
to bury Josef. He meant that Michael's men who killed Josef were killed and would be
buried with him, giving him company.
102
 Chapter ( 5 )
A Fair Cousin and a Dark Brother
Questions &answers :-
1- How was Rudolf's wounded finger useful to him ?
It was useful to him because he didn't have to sign the King's name.

2- What reason made Sapt think that the king was alive ?
Fritz told Sapt that he saw only three of the famous six men with Michael in Strelsau. It
made him believe that the other three must be at Zenda guarding the king.

3- What was Rudolf's plan to make the king more popular in Ruritania ?
He decided to go for a ride in the park, then he was followed by some crowd. Last, he
went to visit Princess Flavia who was popular in Strelsau.

4-What mistake did Rudolf make? Why did no one suspect him?
Rudolf made a very dangerous mistake by keeping Michael waiting at the door for a
long time. No one suspected him because he told Michael that he didn’t know that he
was waiting outside.

5- " Brother, if I had known you were here, I would not have kept you waiting for
a moment. " " comment "
These words were said by Rudolf to Michael in Flavia`s house. Rudolf was with Flavia
when Michael came to greet the king, but Rudolf kept him outside the room for a long
time. When Rudolf came out of the room and saw Michael, he pretended of not
knowing that he was waiting.

6- " I was playing a game with a dog and it tried to bite me. " "comment "
These words were said by Rudolf to Michael at Flavia`s house when Michael came to
greet the king. Here, the dog which Rudolf meant was Michael himself.

103
 Chapter ( 6)
A New Use for a Tea Table
Questions &answers :-
1- How did Rudolf and his men know that the king was in the Castle of Zenda?
They knew so because three of Michael's men were there and because the drawbridge
was kept drawn back and no one was allowed in or out without order from Michael or
Rupert.
2- Who sent a letter to Rudolf ? What did this person ask him?
Madame Antoinette sent a letter to Rudolf asking him to meet her because she had
important news for him. She asked him to meet her alone in the summer house and
show that letter to no one. She told him that if he refused to go, his life would be in
danger.
3- "Rudolf and his men knew that Madame Antoinette was the woman who sent
the letter." " Discuss "
They knew it was Madame Antoinette who sent the letter because they knew that she
loved Michael and she would do anything to prevent him from being a king because if
he became a king, he would marry Flavia.
4- What reason did Antoinette have for helping Rudolf ?
She helped him out of jealousy. She didn’t want Michael to be a king or marry princess
Flavia.
5- How was Antoinette useful to Rudolf ?
First, she warned him of Michael's wicked plan to get rid of him. Secondly, she told him
about a ladder against the wall that saved his life.
6- What deal did Michael's men offer to Rudolf ?
They offered him fifty thousand English pounds and a safe journey to the border to go
back to England.

104
 Chapter ( 7 )
A Question of Honour
Questions &answers :-
1- What did Rudolf learn from secret police reports?
He learned that Michael and his three men as well as Madame Antoinette had left for
Zenda. Detchard had a wounded arm. He also learnt that the people blamed the king
for not taking steps about his marriage, the reports said that even Flavia was sad.
2Why 2- did Rudolf decide to tell Flavia that he was not the king?
Rudolf decided to tell her so because he loved her and he would not deceive her
especially when she told him that she would love him even if he were not the king , he
also wanted to save his honour by telling her the truth.

3- " I refuse; I won't share in any plan to make a fool of the Princess." "
comment "
These words were said by Rudolf to Sapt when Sapt told him that he had ordered a
grand dance at the Royal Palace in Flavia`shonour so that Rudolf might offer her
marriage. Rudolf didn’t agree because he loved her and his honour would not let him
deceive her.

4- " Sapt was always in time to preserve the secret " " Discuss "
IndeedSapt was always there to keep the king's secret. As Rudolf was about to tell
Flavia that he wasn’t the king, Sapt appeared and interrupted their conversation and
stopped Rudolf from telling her the secret.
5- " By God, you're the finest Elphberg of them all! " "comment"
These words were said by Sapt to Rudolf when he insisted on going to Zenda to crush
Black Michael and bring the king to Strelsau because Rudolf couldn’t deceive Flavia
anymore.

105
 Chapter ( 8 )
Setting a Trap
Questions &answers :-
1- What did Rudolf order the young girl of the small hotel to do? Why?
Rudolf ordered the girl to tell Johann to meet her. As he wanted to get some
information from Johann about the king's place in the castle and try to save him.

2- What was the message sent to Rudolf by Duke Michael ?

Duke Michael sent Rudolf a message by Rupert Hentzau. He offered Rudolf a safe
journey across the border and a hundred thousand pounds.

3- What did Johann tell Rudolf and his men about the castle of Zenda?
He told them that the king was imprisoned in a small room guarded by three of the
six men. He also told them about Michael's plan to get rid of the king.

4- How did Michael intend to get rid of the king's body ?

He intended to use the pipe which he had fastened to the window of the room to get
rid of the king's body. It was wide enough for a man's body to pass through it down
to the moat which surrounded the castle.
5- Do you think that Johann was an evil man? Why?
I don’t think that Johann was an evil man. He helped Michael not because he was
against the king, but out of fear from his brother, Max Holf. He also helped Rudolf by
telling him everything about the castle and the king's place.
6- " I'll kill you like a dog if the truth about the prisoner becomes known. " "
comment "
These words were said by Rudolf to Johann when he told Rudolf and his men about
Michael's wicked plan to get rid of the king. Rudolf ordered him not to tell anybody
that the prisoner was the king himself. He also told him if any man learned the truth,
he would kill him like a dog.

106
 Chapter ( 9 )
The Path to Heaven
Questions &answers :-
1- What hurried the plan and action against Michael?
Sapt and Rudolf heard from Johann that the king was growing thin and ill from his
imprisonment and he was dying slowly. Also because the people wanted the king to
marry Flavia.

2-What did Rudolf want Michael to believe about his wound ?

Rudolf wanted Michael to believe that his wound was serious and that he was unable
to act against him.

3- What happened to Max Holf ?

He was killed by Rudolf while he was sleeping in the boat.

4- What act did Rudolf hate most to do?

He hated to kill a man while asleep because it was a coward act but he had to do that
because it was a war and the king's life was in danger.
5- What did Rudolf learn about the pipe when he examined it?
He noticed that there was no crack or break in it on the upper part. When he looked at
the lower part, he could see the light from the king's room and the pipe wasn’t fixed to
the wall on the lower side.
6- Why should the inquiries about Rudolf stop for a week or two?
Because Rudolf needed time to save the king and because the police official had come
near the truth.
7- " Ask my brother; to kill me. I am dying, here day by day. "
" comment "
These words were said by the king to Detchard when he asked the king if he had
anything to ask about. The king's voice was weak, as he begged Detchard to ask his
brother to kill him instead of suffering from dying slowly in the prison.

107
 Chapter ( 10 )
A Dangerous Plan
Questions &answers :-
1- Why was it impossible to wait any longer before rescuing the king?
Because the king was getting weak and about to die, the police inquiries about
Rudolf might reveal his secret and the people of Strelsau were anxious to hear
something about the marriage between the king and Flavia.

2- Why did Rudolf have to attack the castle once more?

Because he heard from Johann that the king was very ill and Michael had got him a
doctor and imprisoned him with the king.

3- What did Rudolf ask Johann to tell Madame Antoinette?

Rudolf asked Johann to tell her that they were doing their best and that she should
speak some words of comfort to the king.

4- What was Antoinette's part in the plan?

Her part was to cry out at two o'clock for help asking Michael to save her from
Rupert.

5- What was Johann`s part in the plan ?

His part was to open the front door of the castle at exactly two o'clock in the morning
pretending that he wanted some fresh air.

6- What did Rudolf give Flavia before going to carry out his plan?
He gave her a ring and asked her to wear it forever.

7- " Wear that ring even though you will wear another when you are Queen. "
" comment "
These words were said by Rudolf to Flavia when he intended to carry out his plan to
get rid of Michael and save the king. He asked her to wear it forever.
108
 Chapter ( 11 )
Rupert and Michael
Questions &answers :-
1- What did Fritz have to do if Johann failed to open the front door of the castle?
Fritz would go round the other side of the castle to meet Rudolf. If Rudolf was not
there, he would go back ,collect the possible force and attack the castle.

2- How did Rupert insult Michael?

When Michael threatened Rupert to leave Antoinette alone or he would go into the
moat with the king, Rupert answered that Michael threatened but did nothing to make
his threats come true as in the case of Rudolf who was threatened much but was still
alive.

3- Did Antoinette cry out according to the plan? Why?

She cried , but not according to the plan because she was attacked by Rupert before
two o'clock and she had to cry for help.

4- How did Michael meet his death?

When Antoinette screamed for help because of Rupert was being in her room, Michael
rushed to her room with his sword, he fought Rupert but Rupert hurt him seriously and
he was dead.
5- How had Detchard`s own hand prepared his destruction?
Detchard had killed the doctor who tried to defend the king. While Detchard was
fighting with Rudolf, he slipped and fell because he stepped in the doctor's blood,
giving a chance to Rudolf to kill him.

6- " The moat can hold more than the king. " " comment "
These words were said by Michael to Rupert when he found him in Antoinette's room.
That meant a threat to Rupert if he didn’t leave her alone, he would go into the moat
with the king.

109
 Chapter ( 12 )
Face to Face in the Forest
Questions &answers :-
1- Did Antoinette's cry before the appointed time help Rudolf and his men ?
Yes, it helped them as Rupert had killed Michael and Rudolf had a chance to save the
king.

2- Who saved Rudolf from being killed by Rupert?

It was Fritz who saved Rudolf from being killed by Rupert because he shouted from
behind Rudolf making Rupert prefer safety and ride away at full speed.

3- Was the king dead? Who knew that?

The king was not dead. It was Sapt who knew that because he knew more about
wounds and the sight of death than anyone else.

4- What part was played by the farm girl ?

She told Princess Flavia that the king was lying wounded in the bushes.
5- How did the Princess learn the truth ?
When Flavia insisted on seeing the man who looked exactly like the king, Sapt took her
to Rudolf and told her the whole truth.

6- Rudolf wished to have been killed at a certain moment by Rupert's sword.

" Discuss "
Rudolf wished to have been killed when Flavia had fainted after she had known that he
was not the king.

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 Chapter ( 13 )
If Love Were All !
Questions &answers:-
1- What did the king mean by saying that he would show the people that he was
changed only in appearance?
He meant that he would give up the life of pleasure and he would act like Rudolf did
because he had learnt a good lesson from Rudolf (how to be a real king ).

2- Did the king thank Rudolf for saving his life and the throne ?
Yes, he did. He thanked him for saving his life as well as the throne for him, he told
Rudolf that he wanted to keep him in Strelsau but Sapt and the Marshal rejected the
idea. He also told Rudolf that he taught him how to be a real king.
3- How did Rudolf part from Flavia ?
He went to her room and begged her to forgive him. He asked her to go with him to
England to be married but she told him that her honour bound her to be loyal to her
country. They parted with a promise that each would wear the other's ring forever.

4- Although Flavia felt sad for her lover's departure, his words to her made her
feel at ease. " Explain"
Rudolf told her that his love to her was not pretence, and that he loved her with his
heart and soul. He also told her that there would never be another woman in the world
for him.
5- " You have shown me how to be a king ." " comment "
These words were said by the king to Rudolf when the king thanked him for saving his
life as well as the throne. He told Rudolf that he had acted as a real king, actually much
better than the king himself.
6- " Heaven doesn’t always make the right men kings."
" comment "
These words were said by Fritz to Rudolf while they were waiting for the train to take
Rudolf out of Ruritania. He meant that Rudolf was a better king than the king himself.

Good Luck
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Composition

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 Composition (1)
Write Three paragraphs not less than 17 lines about your dream job.

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 Composition (2)
Write Three paragraphs not less than 17 lines about how to protect the
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 Composition (3)
Write Three paragraphs not less than 17 lines about modern technology.

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Good Luck

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