Note: - Write on the line page with pen.

Experiment No. 1

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1. Aim: - To prepare 250 ml of standard solution of oxalic acid.
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2. Requirement :-
(i) Apparatus:- Watch Glass, Weighing balance, Beaker, Measuring flask 250 ml ,
Beaker, Glass road.
(ii) Chemicals : Pure crystal of oxalic acid, Distilled water
3. Procedure:
(i) Weigh out accurately 0.63 g of oxalic acid in a clean and dry watch glass.
(ii) Transfer the crystals gently to a clean beaker.
(iii) Wash down the solid particles sticking to the watch glass with the help of a
wash bottle into the beaker.
(iv) Add about 100 mL distilled water and dissolve the solid particles by stirring
with a glass road.
(v) Transfer the solution quantitatively in to a 250 mL measuring flask and make
the volume upto the mark with the help of distilled water.
4. Observations:
 Weight of the empty watch glass = 26.31 gm
 Weight of the watch glass + Oxalic acid = 26.31 + 0.63 = 26.94 gm
 Volume of the solution = 250 ml
 Molarity of the oxalic acid solution = 0.02 M
 Molecular Wt. of Oxalic acid = 126
W 1000
 Weight of oxalic acid: 0.63 gm. M  
M .Mass of oxalic acid Volume

1 W 1000
   0.63 gm.
50 126 250

5. Result: The solution of oxalic acid prepared in the above manner is 0.02 M.
Make a Diagram on White (plane page )
Note: - Write on the line page with pen.

Experiment No. 2

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1. Aim: - To prepare 250 ml of Oxalic acid solution. Using this solution find out the
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molarity and strength of given NaOH solution.
2. Requirement:-
(i) Apparatus :- Burette, Pipette, Conical Flask, beaker, Funnel
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(ii) Chemicals:- Oxalic acid solution, NaOH solution, Phenolphthalein
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3. Procedure:-
(i) Rinse and fill the burette with NaOH solution.
(ii) Note the initial reading of burette.
(iii) Pipette out 20 ml of the oxalic acid solution in a clean titration flask.
(iv) Add one two drops of Phenolphthalein indicator in above flask.
(v) Run NaOH solution from the burette in to the titration flask in small amounts
with constant stirring until the light pink colour just appears.
(vi) Note the final burette reading.
(vii) Repeat the titration till two concordant readings are obtained.
4. Precautions:-
(i) Remove the funnel before taking the reading.
(ii) Do not hold the pipette from the bulb.
Note:- Write on the plane page with pencil Experiment No. 2

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1. Aim: - To prepare 250 ml of Oxalic acid solution. Using this solution find out the
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molarity and strength of given NaOH solution.
2. Chemical Equation: COOH COONa
. 2H2O + 2NaOH + 4H2O
COOH COONa
3. Indicator: Phenolphthalein
4. End point: - Colourless to light pink colour just appears.
5. Observation:
(i) Weight of watch glass: 24.65 gm.
W 1000
(ii) Weight of oxalic acid: 0.63 gm. M  
M .Mass of oxalic acid Volume

1 W 1000
   0.63 gm.
50 126 250

(iii) Weight of oxalic acid + Weight of watch glass 24.65 + 0.63 = 25.28 gm.
6. Observation Table:

S. No. Initial reading Final reading Volume used of

NaOH(ml)
1. 0.0 8.2 8.2
2. 8.2 16.3 8.1
3. 16.3 24.4 8.1
CBR= 8.1 ml
7. Calculation:
1
 20
M 1 V1 M 2 V2 M 1  8.1 50
Molarity =   = 0.09 M
n1 n2 2 1

Strength = Molarity  Molecular Mass

0.09  40  3.6 g. / L
8. Result :-
Molarity = 0.09 M
Strength = 3.6 g/L
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Experiment No. 3

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5. Aim: - To prepare 250 ml of Na2CO3 solution. Using this solution find out the molarity and
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strength of given HCl solution.
6. Requirement:-
(iii) Apparatus :- Burette, Pipette, Conical Flask, beaker, Funnel
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(iv) Chemicals:- Na2CO3 solution, HCl solution, Methyl Orange
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7. Procedure:-
(i) Rinse and fill the burette with HCl solution.
(ii) Note the initial reading of burette.
(iii) Pipette out 20 ml of the Na2CO3 solution in a clean titration flask.
(iv) Add one two drops of methyl orange indicator in above flask.
(v) Run HCl solution from the burette in to the titration flask in small amounts with constant stirring
until the light orange colour just appears.
(vi) Note the final burette reading.
(vii) Repeat the titration till two concordant readings are obtained.
8. Precautions:-
(i) Remove the funnel before taking the reading.
(ii) Do not hold the pipette from the bulb.
 Experiment No. 3

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1. Aim: - To prepare 250 ml of Na2CO3solution. Using this solution find out the molarity and
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strength of given HCl solution.
2. Chemical Equation: Na2CO3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H2O + CO2

3. Indicator: Methyl Orange

4. End point: - Yellow to orange just change of colour
5. Observation:
(i) Weight of watch glass: 24.65 gm.
W 1000
(ii) Weight of Na2CO3 0.66 gm. M  
M .Mass of oxalic acid Volume

1 W 1000
   0.66 gm.
40 106 250

(iii) Weight of oxalic acid + Weight of watch glass 24.65 + 0.66 = 25.31 gm.
6. Observation Table:

S. No. Initial reading Final reading Volume used of

HCl (ml)
1. 0.0 10.0 10.0
2. 10.0 19.9 9.9
3. 19.9 29.8 9.9
CBR= 9.9 ml
7. Calculation:
1
 20
M 1 V1 M 2 V2 M 1  9.9 40
Molarity =   = 0.10 M
n1 n2 2 1

Strength = Molarity  Molecular Mass

0.10  36.5  3.65 g. / L
8. Result :-
Molarity =0.10 M
Strength = 3.65 g/L