COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

FINAL PROJECT
ME 5 / 3CE-A

Submitted by:
PESCASIO, LEONA MARIZ L.
PINERO, LEE VINCENT F.
LATUGA, RECHENE S.

May 12, 2024

Date Submitted

Engr. Alliken Jett Ruallo

 Instructor

Table of Contents

Introduction -------------- page number

Heat gain sources -------------- page number

Cooling Load Calculations -------------- page number

Ducting Design Calculations -------------- page number

Equipment Selection -------------- page number

Conclusion -------------- page number

Appendices -------------- page number

References -------------- page number

 Introduction

The floor layout we'll be presenting consists of three storey and a roof. It has multiple
rooms that can accommodate up to one hundred guests. The structure was constructed with the
intention of making it easier for the locals to locate the things they need, particularly because it
was close by.

The structure consists of main doors through which patrons can enter. Seniors and people
with disabilities greatly benefit from the escalator and elevator. In addition, the building has stairs
in case of an unexpected emergency. The fire exit, which serves as an additional route in case of
emergency, is located on the right side of the stairs.

We decide as a group that the building needs to include comfort rooms on every floor so
that customers can see them readily and there is no chance of a mess. Additionally, we have stalls
that are helpful for those who are unable to pay for larger homes or stall rentals.

Additionally, the structure is situated in an area with scenic views. Observing the scenery is quite
soothing and tranquil.

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 Figure 1 Ground Floor

Figure 1 presents the main doors through which customers can enter the building. As you
can see, there are two doors: the main door and the fire exit door next to the stairs. The elevator
and escalator, which are very useful for senior citizens and people with disabilities, are the other
fastest ways to go to the next floor.

We can see the food and other item-selling stalls as soon as we walk through the main door. The
additional, larger rooms or stalls are visible on the left side of the image. It has additional
amenities in addition to the primary doors.

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 Figure 2 Second Floor

In Figure 2, it is more likely that the bottom floor, which also has restrooms and
apartment rooms, or the second floor in figure 1. In addition, it features an escalator, elevator, and
stairs that make it easier for the locals to get where they need to go.

In addition, the second story features a balcony where patrons may unwind and take in the
view. If they would want to extend their stay at the property, they are welcome to bring food.

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 Figure 3 Third Floor

Figure 3 shows the same layout as the second floor, but it is not as roomy as that. The
good news is that, should the other rooms become unavailable, you can still utilize the comfort
room.

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 Figure 4 Rooftop

Figure 4 illustrates how much larger the balcony is than the second-floor balcony. Its
additional tables and chairs are helpful for patrons or students who want to take a break and study
for their impending quizzes. They can also take in the stunning surroundings.

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 Heat Gain Sources

For the initial cooling load calculation of the Leovinchene Bldg., the heat gain sources
considered for this study are as follows:

• People
• Window, Wall, & Roof
• Solar
• Air Infiltration
• Equipment/Appliances
• Lights

People

The two biggest factors affecting human heat load are room temperature and activity type.
Generally speaking, unless there are moderate to intense tasks involved, one person can be
estimated to generate a 500 btu/h heat burden.

Wall, Window, and Roof

Both conduction heating from the outside air and solar radiation heating are included in
the total amount of heat gained via the building wall. Based on the temperature differential across
the wall, the wall heat transmission coefficient is used to determine the amount of heat gained via
the wall.
Both conduction heating from the outside air and solar radiation heating are included in
the total amount of heat gained via the building wall. Based on the temperature differential across
the wall, the wall heat transmission coefficient is used to determine the amount of heat gained via
the wall.
The majority of the building's heat uptake comes from the roof, which is the surface that
is most exposed to the sun. As a result, roof structure layouts must reduce the quantity of solar
heat gains on the rooftops.

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Solar

Sunlight that is directly reflected off of building surfaces and enters the space through
walls or ceilings.

Air Infiltration

When moisture and warm air seep through wall crevices, it's called infiltration.

Equipment and Appliances

In most laboratories, heat gain from equipment falls between 50 and 220 W/m^2. In labs
that are exposed to the outdoors, this can reach up to four times the total heat gain from all other
sources.

Electric Lights

All the solar system's constituents derive their heat and light energy from the Sun.

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 Cooling Load Calculations

Table 1 Room Characteristics

Actual Air
Capacity
Rooms Purpose Area Dimensions (m) Change
(Occupants)
(m2) (AC/hr)
L W H
Room 1 Coffee Shop 20 53629 241.3 222.25 3 8-12
Room 2 Samgyup 40 70565 317.5 222.25 3 8-12
Room 3 Jollibee 25 70565 317.5 222.25 3 8-12
Room 4 KFC 25 70565 317.5 222.25 3 8-12
Comfort
Room 5 10 171415 374.27 458 3 6-7
Room
Room 6 Pet Shop 20 53629 241.3 222.25 3 12-14
Room 7 Book Store 25 70565 317.5 222.25 3 6-7
Department 70565
Room 8 25 317.5 222.25 3 8-12
Store
Comfort
Room 9 10 171415 374.27 458 3 6-7
Room
Entertainment
Room 10 15 124193 558.8 222.25 3 12-14
Room
Room 11 Beauty Salon 15 70565 317.5 222.25 3 12-14
Comfort
Room 12 15 171415 374.27 458 3 6-7
Room
Room 13 Food Store 15 70565 317.5 222.25 3 8-12
Room 14 Food Store 15 70565 317.5 222.25 3 8-12
Room 15 Food Store 15 70565 317.5 222.25 3 8-12
Comfort
Room 16 10 171415 374.27 458 3 6-7
Room

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 Cooling Load Calculations

Table 2 Temperature Inside and Outside the Cooling Space

Relative Specific Humidity

Temperature
Space Humidity (kgvapor/kgdry air)
(oC)
(%)
Inside 20 55 0.008
Outside 33 68 0.0217

References:
ASHRAE. 2014. Method of test for determining the design and seasonal efficiencies of
residential thermal distribution systems. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 152-2014.
CSA Group. 2012. Determining the required capacity of residential space heating and cooling
appliances. CAN/CSA Standard F280-12. CSA Group, Mississauga, ON, Canada.

Table 3 Wall Composition

Wall Type Thickness (mm) R-value (m2-K/W) U-value (W/m2-K)
EIFS,R-1.8 Insulation Board, Concrete, Gyp.
200 mm LW 2.41 0.412
Board
Spandrel Glass, R-3.5 Insulation Board,
8 mm 4.08 0.245
Gyp. Board

References:
Armstrong, P.R., C.E. Hancock, and J.R. Seem. 1992b. Commercial building temperature
recovery—Part 2: Experiments to verify step response model (RP-491). ASHRAE Transactions
98(1):397-410.
McClellan, T.M., and C.O. Pedersen. 1997. Investigation of outdoor heat balance models for use
in a heat balance cooling load calculation procedure. ASHRAE Transactions 103(2):469-484.

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 Table 4 Lights Wattage Area Based on Space Type

Space Type Wattage Area (W/m2)

Conference/Meeting/Multipurpose Room 13.3
Food Preparation Area 13.10
Dining Area (All other dining areas) 7.0
Computer Room 18.4
Restroom (All other restrooms) 10.6
Lobby (All other lobbies) 9.7
Sales Area 15.5
Stairwell 7.4
Pharmacy Area 18.1
Lobby (For elevator and all other lobbies) 9.7
Electrical/Mechanical Room 4.6
Storage Room (All other storage rooms) 6.8
References:
ASHRAE. 2010. Thermal environmental conditions for human occupancy.
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-2010.Kerrisk, J.F., N.M. Schnurr, J.E. Moore, and B.D. Hunn.
1981. The custom weighting-factor method for thermal load calculations in the DOE-2 computer
program. ASHRAE Transactions 87(2):569-584.

Table 5 Rate of Heat Gain from Occupants with Different Activities

Degree of Activity Sensible Heat (W) Latent Heat (W)

Seated, very light work 70 45
Moderately active office work 75 55
Standing, light work; walking 75 55
Seated at Theater 70 35
Sedentary work 80 80
References:
Abushakra, B., J.S. Haberl, and D.E. Claridge. 2004. Overview of literature on diversity factors
and schedules for energy and cooling load calculations (1093-RP). ASHRAE Transactions
110(1):164-176.
Feng, J., S. Schiavon, and F. Bauman. 2012. Comparison of zone cooling load for radiant and air
conditioning systems. Proceedings of the International Conference on Building Energy and
Environment. Boulder, CO.escholarship.org/uc/item/9g24f38j.

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 Table 6 Power Rating, Usage Factor, and Peak Heat Gain of Equipment/Appliances Used

Energy Rate Peak Heat Gain

Equipment/Appliance Usage Factor FU
(W) (W)
Rice cooker 1550 0.75 1,162.5
Griddle, countertop 3280 0.41 1,344.8
Freezer (small) 791 0.41 324.31
Hot plate, Single Burner 1100 0.90 990
Waffle maker 2700 0.44 1,188
Fryer, kettle 528 0.02 10.56
Microwave 1700 1.39 2,363
Hotdog Roller 1600 0.99 1,584
Popcorn Popper 850 0.68 578
Conveyor Pizza 3488 0.27 941.76
Dishwasher: under-counter type,
hot-water sanitizing, washing With 7794 0.86 6,702.84
heat recovery and vapor reduction

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 Cooling Load Calculations

ROOMS PEOPLE (W) INFILTRATION (W) LIGHTS (W)

QS QL QS QL
Room 1 85 w 65 w 4 4 60
Room 2 85 w 65 w 4 4 60
Room 3 85 w 65 w 4 4 60
Room 4 85 w 65 w 3 3 60
Room 5 85 w 65 w 3 3 60
Room 6 85 w 65 w 3 3 60
Room 7 85 w 65 w 3 3 60
Room 8 85 w 65 w 4 4 60
Room 9 85 w 65 w 4 4 60
Room 10 85 w 65 w 4 4 60
Room 11 85 w 65 w 5 5 60
Room 12 85 w 65 w 5 5 60
Room 13 85 w 65 w 5 5 60
Room 14 85 w 65 w 8 8 60
Room 15 85 w 65 w 8 8 60
Room 16 85 w 65 w 8 8 60

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 WINDOW SOLAR EQUIPMENT
ROOMS WALL (W) TOTAL (W)
(W) (W) S (W)

Room 1 50 124 520

Room 2 50 124 520
Room 3 50 124 520
Room 4 50 124 520
Room 5 50 124 520
Room 6 50 124 520
Room 7 50 124 520
Room 8 50 124 520
Room 9 50 124 520
Room 10 50 124 520
Room 11 50 124 520
Room 12 50 124 520
Room 13 50 124 520
Room 14 50 124 520
Room 15 50 124 520
Room 16 50 124 520

Table 10 Overall Estimated Heat Loads

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 Sample Computation

Room 1:

Room overview:
Occupants = 20, (Qs = 85 W, Ql = 65 W)
Wall area: 50 sq. m, Ceiling Height = 3 m
Material: Brick (U = 1.5 W/m^2-K) Roof area = 25 sq. m Material: Concrete Slab (U = 0.7
W/m^2-K)
Window area = 5 sq. m Material = Double-glazed glass (U = 2.8 W/m^2-K)
Solar Coefficient = 0.65, Solar Radiation (in Ph = 160 W/sq. m)
Inside Temp. = 24 deg. C, w = 0.0066
Outside Temp. = 35 deg. C, w = 0.0194
Equipment = Refrigerator(500 W), Television (100 W), Aircon (3000) , Fan (40W), Coffee
Machine (550) and Blender (500)
Lighting wattage area = 40 W/m^2, Air change per hour = 2

Calculations:
𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆) + 𝑸 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕) = 𝟐𝟎(𝟖𝟓) + 𝟐𝟎(𝟔𝟓) = 𝟏𝟒𝟎𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟎. 𝟕)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟗𝟐𝟒𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟏. 𝟓)(𝟓𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟐. 𝟖)(𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐𝟒𝑾

𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 = (𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏)(𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇. )(𝑾𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟎. 𝟔𝟓)(𝟏𝟔𝟎)(𝟓)

= 𝟓𝟐𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝑹𝒆𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒓 + 𝑻𝑽 + 𝑨𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒐𝒏 + 𝑭𝒂𝒏 + 𝑪𝒐𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒆 𝑴𝒂𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒏𝒆 + 𝑩𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓
= 𝟓𝟎𝟎 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎 + 𝟒𝟎 + 𝟓𝟓𝟎 + 𝟓𝟎𝟎 = 𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 = (𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒓 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟒𝟎) = 𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆)
= (𝝆)(𝑨𝑪𝑯)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆)
= (𝟏. 𝟐)(𝟐)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟖. 𝟒𝑾

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𝑸𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 + 𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔, 𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘. 𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 + 𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 + 𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈
+ 𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
= (𝟏𝟒𝟎𝟎) + (𝟖𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏𝟐𝟒 + 𝟖𝟐𝟒𝟎) + (𝟓𝟐𝟎) + (𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟎) + (𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎)
+ (𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟔. 𝟒) = 𝟗𝟓𝟔𝟑𝟓. 𝟒𝑾 𝒐𝒓 𝟗𝟓. 𝟔𝟑𝒌𝑾

Room 2:

Room overview:
Occupants = 40, (Qs = 85 W, Ql = 65 W)
Wall area: 50 sq. m, Ceiling Height = 3 m
Material: Brick (U = 1.5 W/m^2-K)
Roof area = 1200 sq. m Material: Concrete Slab (U = 0.7 W/m^2-K)
Window area = 5 sq. m Material = Double-glazed glass (U = 2.8 W/m^2-K)
Solar Coefficient = 0.65, Solar Radiation (in Ph = 160 W/sq. m)
Inside Temp. = 24 deg. C, w = 0.0066
Outside Temp. = 35 deg. C, w = 0.0194
Equipment = Refrigerator (500 W), Television (100 W), Aircon (3000) , Fan (40W), Coffee
Machine (550) and Blender (500)
Lighting wattage area = 40 W/m^2, Air change per hour = 2

Calculations:
𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆) + 𝑸 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕) = 𝟒𝟎(𝟖𝟓) + 𝟐𝟎(𝟔𝟓) = 𝟒𝟕𝟎𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟎. 𝟕)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟗𝟐𝟒𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟏. 𝟓)(𝟓𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟐. 𝟖)(𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐𝟒𝑾

𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 = (𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏)(𝑺𝒐𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇. )(𝑾𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟎. 𝟔𝟓)(𝟏𝟔𝟎)(𝟓)

= 𝟓𝟐𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝑹𝒆𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒓 + 𝑻𝑽 + 𝑨𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒐𝒏 + 𝑭𝒂𝒏 + 𝑪𝒐𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒆 𝑴𝒂𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒏𝒆 + 𝑩𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓
= 𝟓𝟎𝟎 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎 + 𝟒𝟎 + 𝟓𝟓𝟎 + 𝟓𝟎𝟎 = 𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 = (𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒓 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟒𝟎) = 𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾

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𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆)
= (𝝆)(𝑨𝑪𝑯)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆)
= (𝟏. 𝟐)(𝟐)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟖. 𝟒𝑾
𝑸𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 + 𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔, 𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘. 𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 + 𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 + 𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈
+ 𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
= (𝟒𝟕𝟎𝟎) + (𝟖𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏𝟐𝟒 + 𝟖𝟐𝟒𝟎) + (𝟓𝟐𝟎) + (𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟎) + (𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎)
+ (𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟔. 𝟒) = 𝟗𝟖𝟗𝟑𝟓. 𝟒𝑾 𝒐𝒓 𝟗𝟖. 𝟗𝟑𝒌𝑾
Room 3:
Room overview:
Occupants = 25, (Qs = 85 W, Ql = 65 W)
Wall area: 50 sq. m, Ceiling Height = 3 m
Material: Brick (U = 1.5 W/m^2-K) Roof area = 25 sq. m Material: Concrete Slab (U = 0.7
W/m^2-K)
Window area = 5 sq. m Material = Double-glazed glass (U = 2.8 W/m^2-K)
Solar Coefficient = 0.65, Solar Radiation (in Ph = 160 W/sq. m)
Inside Temp. = 24 deg. C, w = 0.0066
Outside Temp. = 35 deg. C, w = 0.0194
Equipment = Refrigerator(500 W), Television (100 W), Aircon (3000) , Fan (40W), Coffee
Machine (550) and Ice cream machine (500)
Lighting wattage area = 40 W/m^2, Air change per hour = 2

Calculations:
𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆) + 𝑸 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕) = 𝟒𝟎(𝟖𝟓) + 𝟒𝟎(𝟔𝟓) = 𝟔𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟎. 𝟕)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟗𝟐𝟒𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟏. 𝟓)(𝟓𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟐. 𝟖)(𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐𝟒𝑾

𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 = (𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏)(𝑺𝒐𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇. )(𝑾𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟎. 𝟔𝟓)(𝟏𝟔𝟎)(𝟓)

= 𝟓𝟐𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝑹𝒆𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒓 + 𝑻𝑽 + 𝑨𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒐𝒏 + 𝑭𝒂𝒏 + 𝑪𝒐𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒆 𝑴𝒂𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒏𝒆 + 𝑩𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓
= 𝟓𝟎𝟎 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎 + 𝟒𝟎 + 𝟓𝟓𝟎 + 𝟓𝟎𝟎 = 𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 = (𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒓 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟒𝟎) = 𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾

Page | 16
𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆)
= (𝝆)(𝑨𝑪𝑯)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆)
= (𝟏. 𝟐)(𝟐)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟖. 𝟒𝑾
𝑸𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 + 𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔, 𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘. 𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 + 𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 + 𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈
+ 𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
= (𝟔𝟎𝟎𝟎) + (𝟖𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏𝟐𝟒 + 𝟖𝟐𝟒𝟎) + (𝟓𝟐𝟎) + (𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟎) + (𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎)
+ (𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟔. 𝟒) = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟑𝟓. 𝟒𝑾 𝒐𝒓 𝟏𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝒌𝑾

Room 4:
Room overview:
Occupants = 25, (Qs = 85 W, Ql = 65 W)
Wall area: 50 sq. m, Ceiling Height = 3 m
Material: Brick (U = 1.5 W/m^2-K) Roof area = 25 sq. m Material: Concrete Slab (U = 0.7
W/m^2-K)
Window area = 5 sq. m Material = Double-glazed glass (U = 2.8 W/m^2-K)
Solar Coefficient = 0.65, Solar Radiation (in Ph = 160 W/sq. m)
Inside Temp. = 24 deg. C, w = 0.0066
Outside Temp. = 35 deg. C, w = 0.0194
Equipment = Refrigerator(500 W), Television (100 W), Aircon (3000) , Fan (40W), Ice Machine
(550) and Softdrinks Machine (500)
Lighting wattage area = 40 W/m^2, Air change per hour = 2

Calculations:
𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆) + 𝑸 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕) = 𝟐𝟓(𝟖𝟓) + 𝟐𝟓(𝟔𝟓) = 𝟑𝟕𝟓𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟎. 𝟕)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟗𝟐𝟒𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟏. 𝟓)(𝟓𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟐. 𝟖)(𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐𝟒𝑾

𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 = (𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏)(𝑺𝒐𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇. )(𝑾𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟎. 𝟔𝟓)(𝟏𝟔𝟎)(𝟓)

= 𝟓𝟐𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝑹𝒆𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒓 + 𝑻𝑽 + 𝑨𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒐𝒏 + 𝑭𝒂𝒏 + 𝑪𝒐𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒆 𝑴𝒂𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒏𝒆 + 𝑩𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓
= 𝟓𝟎𝟎 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎 + 𝟒𝟎 + 𝟓𝟓𝟎 + 𝟓𝟎𝟎 = 𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟎𝑾

Page | 17
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 = (𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒓 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟒𝟎) = 𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾

𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆)
= (𝝆)(𝑨𝑪𝑯)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆)
= (𝟏. 𝟐)(𝟐)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟖. 𝟒𝑾
𝑸𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 + 𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔, 𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘. 𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 + 𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 + 𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈
+ 𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
= (𝟑𝟕𝟓𝟎) + (𝟖𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏𝟐𝟒 + 𝟖𝟐𝟒𝟎) + (𝟓𝟐𝟎) + (𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟎) + (𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎)
+ (𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟔. 𝟒) = 𝟗𝟕𝟗𝟖𝟓. 𝟒𝑾 𝒐𝒓 𝟗𝟕. 𝟗𝟖𝒌𝑾

Room 5:
Room overview:
Occupants = 10, (Qs = 85 W, Ql = 65 W)
Wall area: 50 sq. m, Ceiling Height = 3 m
Material: Brick (U = 1.5 W/m^2-K) Roof area = 25 sq. m Material: Concrete Slab (U = 0.7
W/m^2-K)
Window area = 5 sq. m Material = Double-glazed glass (U = 2.8 W/m^2-K)
Solar Coefficient = 0.65, Solar Radiation (in Ph = 160 W/sq. m)
Inside Temp. = 24 deg. C, w = 0.0066
Outside Temp. = 35 deg. C, w = 0.0194
Equipment = Aircon (3000)
Lighting wattage area = 40 W/m^2, Air change per hour = 2

Calculations:
𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆) + 𝑸 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕) = 𝟏𝟎(𝟖𝟓) + 𝟏𝟎(𝟔𝟓) = 𝟏𝟓𝟎𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟎. 𝟕)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟗𝟐𝟒𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟏. 𝟓)(𝟓𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟐. 𝟖)(𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐𝟒𝑾

𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 = (𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏)(𝑺𝒐𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇. )(𝑾𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟎. 𝟔𝟓)(𝟏𝟔𝟎)(𝟓)

= 𝟓𝟐𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝑨𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒐𝒏 = 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾

Page | 18
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 = (𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒓 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟒𝟎) = 𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾

𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆)
= (𝝆)(𝑨𝑪𝑯)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆)
= (𝟏. 𝟐)(𝟐)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟖. 𝟒𝑾
𝑸𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 + 𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔, 𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘. 𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 + 𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 + 𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈
+ 𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
= (𝟏𝟓𝟎𝟎) + (𝟖𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏𝟐𝟒 + 𝟖𝟐𝟒𝟎) + (𝟓𝟐𝟎) + (𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟎) + (𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎)
+ (𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟔. 𝟒) = 𝟗𝟓𝟕𝟑𝟓. 𝟒𝑾 𝒐𝒓 𝟗𝟓. 𝟕𝟑𝒌𝑾

Room 6:
Room overview:
Occupants = 20, (Qs = 85 W, Ql = 65 W)
Wall area: 50 sq. m, Ceiling Height = 3 m
Material: Brick (U = 1.5 W/m^2-K) Roof area = 25 sq. m Material: Concrete Slab (U = 0.7
W/m^2-K)
Window area = 5 sq. m Material = Double-glazed glass (U = 2.8 W/m^2-K)
Solar Coefficient = 0.65, Solar Radiation (in Ph = 160 W/sq. m)
Inside Temp. = 24 deg. C, w = 0.0066
Outside Temp. = 35 deg. C, w = 0.0194
Equipment = Television (100 W), Aircon (3000)
Lighting wattage area = 40 W/m^2, Air change per hour = 2

Calculations:
𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆) + 𝑸 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕) = 𝟒𝟎(𝟖𝟓) + 𝟐𝟎(𝟔𝟓) = 𝟒𝟕𝟎𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟎. 𝟕)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟗𝟐𝟒𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟏. 𝟓)(𝟓𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟐. 𝟖)(𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐𝟒𝑾

𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 = (𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏)(𝑺𝒐𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇. )(𝑾𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟎. 𝟔𝟓)(𝟏𝟔𝟎)(𝟓)

= 𝟓𝟐𝟎𝑾

Page | 19
𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝑻𝑽 + 𝑨𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒐𝒏 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎 = 𝟑𝟏𝟎𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 = (𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒓 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟒𝟎) = 𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾

𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆)
= (𝝆)(𝑨𝑪𝑯)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆)
= (𝟏. 𝟐)(𝟐)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟖. 𝟒𝑾
𝑸𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 + 𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔, 𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘. 𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 + 𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 + 𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈
+ 𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
= (𝟒𝟕𝟎𝟎) + (𝟖𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏𝟐𝟒 + 𝟖𝟐𝟒𝟎) + (𝟓𝟐𝟎) + (𝟑𝟏𝟎𝟎) + (𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎)
+ (𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟔. 𝟒) = 𝟗𝟕𝟑𝟒𝟓. 𝟒𝑾 𝒐𝒓 𝟗𝟕. 𝟑𝟒𝒌𝑾

Room 7:
Room overview:
Occupants = 25, (Qs = 85 W, Ql = 65 W)
Wall area: 50 sq. m, Ceiling Height = 3 m
Material: Brick (U = 1.5 W/m^2-K) Roof area = 25 sq. m Material: Concrete Slab (U = 0.7
W/m^2-K)
Window area = 5 sq. m Material = Double-glazed glass (U = 2.8 W/m^2-K)
Solar Coefficient = 0.65, Solar Radiation (in Ph = 160 W/sq. m)
Inside Temp. = 24 deg. C, w = 0.0066
Outside Temp. = 35 deg. C, w = 0.0194
Equipment = Television (100 W), Aircon (3000) , Fan (40W)
Lighting wattage area = 40 W/m^2, Air change per hour = 2

Calculations:
𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆) + 𝑸 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕) = 𝟐𝟓(𝟖𝟓) + 𝟐𝟓(𝟔𝟓) = 𝟑𝟕𝟓𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟎. 𝟕)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟗𝟐𝟒𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟏. 𝟓)(𝟓𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟐. 𝟖)(𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐𝟒𝑾

Page | 20
𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 = (𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏)(𝑺𝒐𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇. )(𝑾𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟎. 𝟔𝟓)(𝟏𝟔𝟎)(𝟓)
= 𝟓𝟐𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝑻𝑽 + 𝑨𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒐𝒏 + 𝑭𝒂𝒏 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎 + 𝟒𝟎 = 𝟑𝟏𝟒𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 = (𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒓 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟒𝟎) = 𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾

𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆)
= (𝝆)(𝑨𝑪𝑯)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆)
= (𝟏. 𝟐)(𝟐)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟖. 𝟒𝑾
𝑸𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 + 𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔, 𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘. 𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 + 𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 + 𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈
+ 𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
= (𝟑𝟕𝟓𝟎) + (𝟖𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏𝟐𝟒 + 𝟖𝟐𝟒𝟎) + (𝟓𝟐𝟎) + (𝟑𝟏𝟒𝟎) + (𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎)
+ (𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟔. 𝟒) = 𝟗𝟔𝟒𝟑𝟓𝑾 𝒐𝒓 𝟗𝟔. 𝟒𝟑𝒌𝑾

Room 8:
Room overview:
Occupants = 25, (Qs = 85 W, Ql = 65 W)
Wall area: 50 sq. m, Ceiling Height = 3 m
Material: Brick (U = 1.5 W/m^2-K) Roof area = 25 sq. m Material: Concrete Slab (U = 0.7
W/m^2-K)
Window area = 5 sq. m Material = Double-glazed glass (U = 2.8 W/m^2-K)
Solar Coefficient = 0.65, Solar Radiation (in Ph = 160 W/sq. m)
Inside Temp. = 24 deg. C, w = 0.0066
Outside Temp. = 35 deg. C, w = 0.0194
Equipment Television (100 W), Aircon (3000)
Lighting wattage area = 40 W/m^2, Air change per hour = 2

Calculations:
𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆) + 𝑸 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕) = 𝟐𝟓(𝟖𝟓) + 𝟐𝟓(𝟔𝟓) = 𝟑𝟕𝟓𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟎. 𝟕)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟗𝟐𝟒𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟏. 𝟓)(𝟓𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟐. 𝟖)(𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐𝟒𝑾

Page | 21
𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 = (𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏)(𝑺𝒐𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇. )(𝑾𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟎. 𝟔𝟓)(𝟏𝟔𝟎)(𝟓)
= 𝟓𝟐𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝑻𝑽 + 𝑨𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒐𝒏 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎 = 𝟑𝟏𝟎𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 = (𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒓 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟒𝟎) = 𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾

𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆) = (𝝆)(𝑨𝑪𝑯)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆)

= (𝟏. 𝟐)(𝟐)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟖. 𝟒𝑾
𝑸𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 + 𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔, 𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘. 𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 + 𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 + 𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈
+ 𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
= (𝟑𝟕𝟓𝟎) + (𝟖𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏𝟐𝟒 + 𝟖𝟐𝟒𝟎) + (𝟓𝟐𝟎) + (𝟑𝟏𝟎𝟎) + (𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎)
+ (𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟔. 𝟒) = 𝟗𝟔𝟑𝟗𝟓. 𝟒𝑾 𝒐𝒓 𝟗𝟔. 𝟑𝟗𝒌𝑾

Room 9:
Room overview:
Occupants = 10, (Qs = 85 W, Ql = 65 W)
Wall area: 50 sq. m, Ceiling Height = 3 m
Material: Brick (U = 1.5 W/m^2-K) Roof area = 25 sq. m Material: Concrete Slab (U = 0.7
W/m^2-K)
Window area = 5 sq. m Material = Double-glazed glass (U = 2.8 W/m^2-K)
Solar Coefficient = 0.65, Solar Radiation (in Ph = 160 W/sq. m)
Inside Temp. = 24 deg. C, w = 0.0066
Outside Temp. = 35 deg. C, w = 0.0194
Equipment = Aircon (3000)
Lighting wattage area = 40 W/m^2, Air change per hour = 2

Calculations:
𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆) + 𝑸 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕) = 𝟏𝟎(𝟖𝟓) + 𝟏𝟎(𝟔𝟓) = 𝟏𝟓𝟎𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟎. 𝟕)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟗𝟐𝟒𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟏. 𝟓)(𝟓𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝑾

Page | 22
𝑸𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟐. 𝟖)(𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐𝟒𝑾

𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 = (𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏)(𝑺𝒐𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇. )(𝑾𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟎. 𝟔𝟓)(𝟏𝟔𝟎)(𝟓)

= 𝟓𝟐𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝑨𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒐𝒏 = 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 = (𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒓 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟒𝟎) = 𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾

𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆)
= (𝝆)(𝑨𝑪𝑯)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆)
= (𝟏. 𝟐)(𝟐)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟖. 𝟒𝑾
𝑸𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 + 𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔, 𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘. 𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 + 𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 + 𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈
+ 𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
= (𝟏𝟓𝟎𝟎) + (𝟖𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏𝟐𝟒 + 𝟖𝟐𝟒𝟎) + (𝟓𝟐𝟎) + (𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟎) + (𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎)
+ (𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟔. 𝟒) = 𝟗𝟓𝟕𝟑𝟓. 𝟒𝑾 𝒐𝒓 𝟗𝟓. 𝟕𝟑𝒌𝑾

Room 10:
Room overview:
Occupants = 15, (Qs = 85 W, Ql = 65 W)
Wall area: 50 sq. m, Ceiling Height = 3 m
Material: Brick (U = 1.5 W/m^2-K) Roof area = 25 sq. m Material: Concrete Slab (U = 0.7
W/m^2-K)
Window area = 5 sq. m Material = Double-glazed glass (U = 2.8 W/m^2-K)
Solar Coefficient = 0.65, Solar Radiation (in Ph = 160 W/sq. m)
Inside Temp. = 24 deg. C, w = 0.0066
Outside Temp. = 35 deg. C, w = 0.0194
Equipment = Television (100 W), Aircon (3000) , Fan (40W) and Machines (500)
Lighting wattage area = 40 W/m^2, Air change per hour = 2

Calculations:
𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆) + 𝑸 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕) = 𝟏𝟓(𝟖𝟓) + 𝟏𝟓(𝟔𝟓) = 𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟎. 𝟕)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟗𝟐𝟒𝟎𝑾

Page | 23
𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟏. 𝟓)(𝟓𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟐. 𝟖)(𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐𝟒𝑾

𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 = (𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏)(𝑺𝒐𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇. )(𝑾𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟎. 𝟔𝟓)(𝟏𝟔𝟎)(𝟓)

= 𝟓𝟐𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝑻𝑽 + 𝑨𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒐𝒏 + 𝑭𝒂𝒏 + 𝑴𝒂𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒏𝒆 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎 + 𝟒𝟎 + 𝟓𝟎𝟎 = 𝟑𝟔𝟒𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 = (𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒓 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟒𝟎) = 𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾

𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆)
= (𝝆)(𝑨𝑪𝑯)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆)
= (𝟏. 𝟐)(𝟐)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟖. 𝟒𝑾
𝑸𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 + 𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔, 𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘. 𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 + 𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 + 𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈
+ 𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
= (𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟎) + (𝟖𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏𝟐𝟒 + 𝟖𝟐𝟒𝟎) + (𝟓𝟐𝟎) + (𝟑𝟔𝟒𝟎) + (𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎)
+ (𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟔. 𝟒) = 𝟗𝟓𝟒𝟑𝟓. 𝟒𝑾 𝒐𝒓 𝟗𝟓. 𝟒𝟑𝒌𝑾

Room 11:
Room overview:
Occupants = 15, (Qs = 85 W, Ql = 65 W)
Wall area: 50 sq. m, Ceiling Height = 3 m
Material: Brick (U = 1.5 W/m^2-K) Roof area = 25 sq. m Material: Concrete Slab (U = 0.7
W/m^2-K)
Window area = 5 sq. m Material = Double-glazed glass (U = 2.8 W/m^2-K)
Solar Coefficient = 0.65, Solar Radiation (in Ph = 160 W/sq. m)
Inside Temp. = 24 deg. C, w = 0.0066
Outside Temp. = 35 deg. C, w = 0.0194
Equipment = Television (100 W), Aircon (3000) , Fan (40W) and Machine (500)
Lighting wattage area = 40 W/m^2, Air change per hour = 2

Calculations:
𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆) + 𝑸 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕) = 𝟏𝟓(𝟖𝟓) + 𝟏𝟓(𝟔𝟓) = 𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟎𝑾

Page | 24
𝑸𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟎. 𝟕)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟗𝟐𝟒𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟏. 𝟓)(𝟓𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟐. 𝟖)(𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐𝟒𝑾

𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 = (𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏)(𝑺𝒐𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇. )(𝑾𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟎. 𝟔𝟓)(𝟏𝟔𝟎)(𝟓)

= 𝟓𝟐𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝑻𝑽 + 𝑨𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒐𝒏 + 𝑭𝒂𝒏 + 𝑴𝒂𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒏𝒆 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎 + 𝟒𝟎 + 𝟓𝟎𝟎 = 𝟑𝟔𝟒𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 = (𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒓 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟒𝟎) = 𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾

𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆)
= (𝝆)(𝑨𝑪𝑯)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆)
= (𝟏. 𝟐)(𝟐)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟖. 𝟒𝑾
𝑸𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 + 𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔, 𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘. 𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 + 𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 + 𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈
+ 𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
= (𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟎) + (𝟖𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏𝟐𝟒 + 𝟖𝟐𝟒𝟎) + (𝟓𝟐𝟎) + (𝟑𝟔𝟒𝟎) + (𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎)
+ (𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟔. 𝟒) = 𝟗𝟓𝟒𝟑𝟓. 𝟒𝑾 𝒐𝒓 𝟗𝟓. 𝟒𝟑𝒌𝑾

Room 12:
Room overview:
Occupants = 10, (Qs = 85 W, Ql = 65 W)
Wall area: 50 sq. m, Ceiling Height = 3 m
Material: Brick (U = 1.5 W/m^2-K) Roof area = 25 sq. m Material: Concrete Slab (U = 0.7
W/m^2-K)
Window area = 5 sq. m Material = Double-glazed glass (U = 2.8 W/m^2-K)
Solar Coefficient = 0.65, Solar Radiation (in Ph = 160 W/sq. m)
Inside Temp. = 24 deg. C, w = 0.0066
Outside Temp. = 35 deg. C, w = 0.0194
Equipment = Aircon (3000)
Lighting wattage area = 40 W/m^2, Air change per hour = 2

Calculations:

Page | 25
𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆) + 𝑸 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕) = 𝟏𝟎(𝟖𝟓) + 𝟏𝟎(𝟔𝟓) = 𝟏𝟓𝟎𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟎. 𝟕)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟗𝟐𝟒𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟏. 𝟓)(𝟓𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟐. 𝟖)(𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐𝟒𝑾

𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 = (𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏)(𝑺𝒐𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇. )(𝑾𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟎. 𝟔𝟓)(𝟏𝟔𝟎)(𝟓)

= 𝟓𝟐𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝑨𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒐𝒏 = 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 = (𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒓 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟒𝟎) = 𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾

𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆)
= (𝝆)(𝑨𝑪𝑯)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆)
= (𝟏. 𝟐)(𝟐)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟖. 𝟒𝑾
𝑸𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 + 𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔, 𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘. 𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 + 𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 + 𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈
+ 𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
= (𝟏𝟓𝟎𝟎) + (𝟖𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏𝟐𝟒 + 𝟖𝟐𝟒𝟎) + (𝟓𝟐𝟎) + (𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟎) + (𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎)
+ (𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟔. 𝟒) = 𝟗𝟓𝟕𝟑𝟓. 𝟒𝑾 𝒐𝒓 𝟗𝟓. 𝟕𝟑𝒌𝑾

Room 13:
Room overview:
Occupants = 15, (Qs = 85 W, Ql = 65 W)
Wall area: 50 sq. m, Ceiling Height = 3 m
Material: Brick (U = 1.5 W/m^2-K) Roof area = 25 sq. m Material: Concrete Slab (U = 0.7
W/m^2-K)
Window area = 5 sq. m Material = Double-glazed glass (U = 2.8 W/m^2-K)
Solar Coefficient = 0.65, Solar Radiation (in Ph = 160 W/sq. m)
Inside Temp. = 24 deg. C, w = 0.0066
Outside Temp. = 35 deg. C, w = 0.0194
Equipment = Refrigerator(500 W), Television (100 W), Aircon (3000) , Fan (40W), Coffee
Machine (550) and Blender (500)
Lighting wattage area = 40 W/m^2, Air change per hour = 2

Page | 26
Calculations:
𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆) + 𝑸 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕) = 𝟏𝟓(𝟖𝟓) + 𝟏𝟓(𝟔𝟓) = 𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟎. 𝟕)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟗𝟐𝟒𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟏. 𝟓)(𝟓𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟐. 𝟖)(𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐𝟒𝑾

𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 = (𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏)(𝑺𝒐𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇. )(𝑾𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟎. 𝟔𝟓)(𝟏𝟔𝟎)(𝟓)

= 𝟓𝟐𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝑹𝒆𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒓 + 𝑻𝑽 + 𝑨𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒐𝒏 + 𝑭𝒂𝒏 + 𝑪𝒐𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒆 𝑴𝒂𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒏𝒆 + 𝑩𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓
= 𝟓𝟎𝟎 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎 + 𝟒𝟎 + 𝟓𝟓𝟎 + 𝟓𝟎𝟎 = 𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 = (𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒓 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟒𝟎) = 𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾

𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆)
= (𝝆)(𝑨𝑪𝑯)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆)
= (𝟏. 𝟐)(𝟐)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟖. 𝟒𝑾
𝑸𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 + 𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔, 𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘. 𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 + 𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 + 𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈
+ 𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
= (𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟎) + (𝟖𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏𝟐𝟒 + 𝟖𝟐𝟒𝟎) + (𝟓𝟐𝟎) + (𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟎) + (𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎)
+ (𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟔. 𝟒) = 𝟗𝟔𝟒𝟑𝟓. 𝟒𝑾 𝒐𝒓 𝟗𝟔. 𝟒𝟑𝒌𝑾

Room 14:
Room overview:
Occupants = 15, (Qs = 85 W, Ql = 65 W)
Wall area: 50 sq. m, Ceiling Height = 3 m
Material: Brick (U = 1.5 W/m^2-K) Roof area = 25 sq. m Material: Concrete Slab (U = 0.7
W/m^2-K)
Window area = 5 sq. m Material = Double-glazed glass (U = 2.8 W/m^2-K)
Solar Coefficient = 0.65, Solar Radiation (in Ph = 160 W/sq. m)
Inside Temp. = 24 deg. C, w = 0.0066
Outside Temp. = 35 deg. C, w = 0.0194
Equipment = Refrigerator(500 W), Television (100 W), Aircon (3000) , Fan (40W), Coffee
Machine (550) and Blender (500)

Page | 27
Lighting wattage area = 40 W/m^2, Air change per hour = 2

Calculations:
𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆) + 𝑸 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕) = 𝟏𝟓(𝟖𝟓) + 𝟏𝟓(𝟔𝟓) = 𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟎. 𝟕)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟗𝟐𝟒𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟏. 𝟓)(𝟓𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟐. 𝟖)(𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐𝟒𝑾

𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 = (𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏)(𝑺𝒐𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇. )(𝑾𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟎. 𝟔𝟓)(𝟏𝟔𝟎)(𝟓)

= 𝟓𝟐𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝑹𝒆𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒓 + 𝑻𝑽 + 𝑨𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒐𝒏 + 𝑭𝒂𝒏 + 𝑪𝒐𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒆 𝑴𝒂𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒏𝒆 + 𝑩𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓
= 𝟓𝟎𝟎 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎 + 𝟒𝟎 + 𝟓𝟓𝟎 + 𝟓𝟎𝟎 = 𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 = (𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒓 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟒𝟎) = 𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾

𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆)
= (𝝆)(𝑨𝑪𝑯)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆)
= (𝟏. 𝟐)(𝟐)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟖. 𝟒𝑾
𝑸𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 + 𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔, 𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘. 𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 + 𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 + 𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈
+ 𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
= (𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟎) + (𝟖𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏𝟐𝟒 + 𝟖𝟐𝟒𝟎) + (𝟓𝟐𝟎) + (𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟎) + (𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎)
+ (𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟔. 𝟒) = 𝟗𝟔𝟒𝟑𝟓. 𝟒𝑾 𝒐𝒓 𝟗𝟔. 𝟒𝟑𝒌𝑾

Room 15:
Room overview:
Occupants = 15, (Qs = 85 W, Ql = 65 W)
Wall area: 50 sq. m, Ceiling Height = 3 m
Material: Brick (U = 1.5 W/m^2-K) Roof area = 25 sq. m Material: Concrete Slab (U = 0.7
W/m^2-K)
Window area = 5 sq. m Material = Double-glazed glass (U = 2.8 W/m^2-K)
Solar Coefficient = 0.65, Solar Radiation (in Ph = 160 W/sq. m)
Inside Temp. = 24 deg. C, w = 0.0066
Outside Temp. = 35 deg. C, w = 0.0194

Page | 28
Equipment = Refrigerator(500 W), Television (100 W), Aircon (3000) , Fan (40W), Coffee
Machine (550) and Blender (500)
Lighting wattage area = 40 W/m^2, Air change per hour = 2

Calculations:
𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆) + 𝑸 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕) = 𝟏𝟓(𝟖𝟓) + 𝟏𝟓(𝟔𝟓) = 𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟎. 𝟕)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟗𝟐𝟒𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟏. 𝟓)(𝟓𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟐. 𝟖)(𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐𝟒𝑾

𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 = (𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏)(𝑺𝒐𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇. )(𝑾𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟎. 𝟔𝟓)(𝟏𝟔𝟎)(𝟓)

= 𝟓𝟐𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝑹𝒆𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒓 + 𝑻𝑽 + 𝑨𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒐𝒏 + 𝑭𝒂𝒏 + 𝑪𝒐𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒆 𝑴𝒂𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒏𝒆 + 𝑩𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓
= 𝟓𝟎𝟎 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎 + 𝟒𝟎 + 𝟓𝟓𝟎 + 𝟓𝟎𝟎 = 𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 = (𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒓 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟒𝟎) = 𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑾

𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆)
= (𝝆)(𝑨𝑪𝑯)(𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆)
= (𝟏. 𝟐)(𝟐)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟖. 𝟒𝑾
𝑸𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 + 𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔, 𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘. 𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 + 𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 + 𝑸𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒑𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈
+ 𝑸𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
= (𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟎) + (𝟖𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏𝟐𝟒 + 𝟖𝟐𝟒𝟎) + (𝟓𝟐𝟎) + (𝟒𝟔𝟗𝟎) + (𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎)
+ (𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟑𝟔. 𝟒) = 𝟗𝟔𝟒𝟑𝟓. 𝟒𝑾 𝒐𝒓 𝟗𝟔. 𝟒𝟑𝒌𝑾

Room 16:
Room overview:
Occupants = 10, (Qs = 85 W, Ql = 65 W)
Wall area: 50 sq. m, Ceiling Height = 3 m
Material: Brick (U = 1.5 W/m^2-K) Roof area = 25 sq. m Material: Concrete Slab (U = 0.7
W/m^2-K)
Window area = 5 sq. m Material = Double-glazed glass (U = 2.8 W/m^2-K)
Solar Coefficient = 0.65, Solar Radiation (in Ph = 160 W/sq. m)
Inside Temp. = 24 deg. C, w = 0.0066

Page | 29
Outside Temp. = 35 deg. C, w = 0.0194
Equipment = Aircon (3000)
Lighting wattage area = 40 W/m^2, Air change per hour = 2

Calculations:
𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 = 𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆) + 𝑸 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆(𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕) = 𝟏𝟎(𝟖𝟓) + 𝟏𝟎(𝟔𝟓) = 𝟏𝟓𝟎𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒇 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟎. 𝟕)(𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟗𝟐𝟒𝟎𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟏. 𝟓)(𝟓𝟎)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟖𝟐𝟓𝑾
𝑸𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘𝒔 = 𝑼𝑨 (𝑻𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 − 𝑻𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆) = (𝟐. 𝟖)(𝟓)(𝟑𝟓 − 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐𝟒𝑾

𝑸𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 = (𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏)(𝑺𝒐𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇. )(𝑾𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒘 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) = (𝟎. 𝟔𝟓)(𝟏𝟔𝟎)(𝟓)

= 520𝑊
𝑄𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑝𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 𝐴𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑛 = 3000𝑊
𝑄𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = (𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒)(𝑅𝑜𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑟 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑟 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎) = (1200)(40) = 48000𝑊

𝑄𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒)
= (𝜌)(𝐴𝐶𝐻)(𝑅𝑜𝑜𝑚 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒)(1.005)(𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒 − 𝑇𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒)
= (1.2)(2)(1200)(1.005)(35 − 24) = 31838.4𝑊
𝑄𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝑄𝑝𝑒𝑜𝑝𝑙𝑒 + 𝑄𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑠, 𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑤. 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑓 + 𝑄𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 + 𝑄𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑝𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 + 𝑄𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
+ 𝑄𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
= (1500) + (825 + 124 + 8240) + (520) + (4690) + (48000) + (31836.4)
= 95735.4𝑊 𝑜𝑟 95.73𝑘𝑊

Ducting Design Calculations

Page | 30
 For the calculation of the duct sizes, the Equal-friction method was used wherein the
diameter is dependent on the pressure loss and the volume flow rate of air. The equation is given
as:

The pressure loss per length has a constant value of 0.82 Pa/m or 0.1 in H2O/100 ft.
The ducting design and computation results for each floor levels are as follows:

Page | 31
 Ducting System 1st Floor

Ground Floor

Q Diameter Length ΔP HL ΔPT HLT

Q (cfm)
(m3/s) (m) (m) (Pa) (m) (Pa) (m)

A 5.40 11433.17 0.89 8 6.56 0.15 78.28 1.76

Page | 32
B 4.53 9591.16 0.83 6 4.92 0.11

C 3.45 7304.52 0.75 4.5 3.69 0.08

D 4.80 10162.81 0.85 5.6 4.562 0.10

E 3.30 6986.94 0.74 4.5 3.69 0.08

F 4.50 9527.64 0.83 5 4.1 0.09

G 5.21 11030.89 0.88 5.8 4.756 0.11
H 5.08 10755.65 0.87 7 5.74 0.13

I 4.92 10416.89 0.86 5.8 4.756 0.11

J 4.88 10332.20 0.85 5.5 4.51 0.10

K 4.55 9633.50 0.83 6 4.92 0.11

L 6.33 13402.21 0.94 10 8.2 0.19

M 5.45 11539.03 0.89 8 6.56 0.15

N 3.53 7473.90 0.76 4 3.28 0.07

O 3.44 7283.35 0.75 4 3.28 0.07

P 5.21 11030.89 0.88 5.8 4.756 0.11

Table 11 Ducting Design Calculations for Ground Floor

Page | 33
Ducting System 2nd Floor

Page | 34
 Second Floor
Q (m3/s) Q (cfm) Diameter (m) Length (m) ΔP (Pa) HL (m) ΔPT (Pa) HLT (m)
A 3.15 6669.35 0.72 12.50 10.25 0.23

B 0.80 1693.80 0.43 5.50 4.51 0.10

C 0.77 1630.29 0.42 4.50 3.69 0.08

D 0.83 1757.32 0.44 5.80 4.756 0.11

E 0.80 1693.80 0.43 5.50 4.51 0.10

F 1.12 2371.32 0.49 6.35 5.207 0.12

G 0.88 1863.18 0.45 5.10 4.182 0.09

H 0.82 1736.15 0.44 5.30 4.346 0.10

I 1.50 3175.88 0.55 7.30 5.986 0.14

J 0.79 1672.63 0.43 5.05 4.141 0.09 102.034 2.31

K 1.22 2583.05 0.51 7.55 6.191 0.14

L 0.68 1439.73 0.41 5.35 4.387 0.10

M 0.51 1079.80 0.36 4.90 4.018 0.09

N 0.63 1333.87 0.39 6.04 4.953 0.11

O 0.67 1418.56 0.40 5.20 4.264 0.10

P 2.35 4975.54 0.65 10.22 8.38 0.19

Q 0.73 1545.59 0.42 5.65 4.633 0.11

R 1.96 4149.82 0.61 10.37 8.50 0.19
S 0.80 1693.80 0.43 6.25 5.13 0.12
Table 11 Ducting Design Calculations for Second Floor

Page | 35
 Sample Computation
Considering Ducting Pipe A at Ground floor

Q=5.40 m3/s
Q=5.40 m3/s . 60s1 min. . 3.28 ft1 m3
Q=11433.17 ft3/min

D=5.02 0.109136(Q)1.9∆PL
D=5.02 0.109136(11433.17 ft3/min)1.90.1
D= 34.96in(0.0254m)
D=0.89 m

L = 8m
∆P = ∆PLL
∆P = 0.828
∆P =6.56 Pa

∆H = 6.35 x 0.000121 x 8 x 28.75211.137343

∆H = 0.15 m

Equipment Selection

Selecting the appropriate equipment that can satisfy the computed parameters occurs to
mind once the Leovinchene Commercial Building's cooling loads and ducting design are
determined. The procedure we used to select the appropriate tools for our case study is detailed in
this lab report. Choosing the appropriate equipment requires taking into account the equipment's
actual cost as well as its operational costs, capabilities, and practicality in order to increase the
efficiency of an HVAC system. For this reason, selecting the right equipment is considered a
critical effort in itself. Since Carrier Industries has several advantages over other top businesses
and the most of their products are relevant to our case study, they are the manufacturer of all the
equipment we have selected ;

Page | 36
 Volume Flow Rates
Equipment Name Cost ($)
(cfm)

10,000 –
AERO® Semi-Custom Central Station Air 1,500 - 60,500
100,000
Handler

1,000 - 300,000 2,000 – 50,000

Carrier Commercial air handling unit 39CC

2,700 - 7200 3,000 – 100,000

Carrier 40LM 120-200

Table 22 Air-Handling Units

AERO® Semi-Custom Central Station Air Handlers can handle airflows between 1,500
and 60,500 cfm. Being a semi-custom modular platform, its key feature is its flexible design. The
carrier asserts that for a lower cost, the AERO Air handler has the same functionalities as other
specialized air handling devices. As to the manufacturer, this AHU has the first ECM fan array in
the industry, which significantly reduces cabinet space by 50% when compared to direct-
drive cabinets. For increased operational efficiency, the ECM fan array additionally recovers 70%
of wasted energy.

Alternatively, the rooftop air handlers with the Carrier Commercial 39CC (1000–300,000
cfm) air handling units are outfitted with air-cooled Trailblazer and Pathfinder chillers.
Furthermore, compared to conventional belt-driven fans, it boasts an ECM fan that is supposed to
save 20% on fan energy. With the CORE enthalpy heat exchanger or energy recovery wheel
fitted, operating efficiency is increased by 45%.

Finally, a compact air handling unit that can accurately condition air to meet various air
handling requirements such as load balancing, fresh air requirements, and delivery requirements
is the Carrier 40LM 120-200 (2,700 to 7,200 cfm). In a smaller container with less expensive
equipment than a blower coil, it is intended to condition air up to 7000 cfm, which is suitable for
ordinary air handlers. Reference photos attached:

Page | 37
 AERO® Semi-Custom Central Station Air
Handlers

Carrier Commercial Outdoor Chilled Water Air

Handlers

Carrier 40LM 120 – 200

It is decided which AHUs are appropriate for each floor plan level based on the cooling
load and air volume flow rate. With a maximum air flow rate of 11,433.17 cfm for the lobby
level, the AERO® Semi-Custom Outdoor Air Handlers are appropriate. Because the Carrier
Commercial Outdoor Chilled Water Air Handlers met the necessary volume flow rate of air at
8230.419 cfm, 10,006.138 cfm, and 7827.485 cfm, respectively, they will be utilized in the
Lower Lobby level and ERC Rooms. As long as the Meeting area and the Carrier 40LM 120-200
work together to provide the necessary 2457.754 cfm of air volume flow.

Page | 38
 Installing a larger AHU, such as the Carrier Air handler, to the level that has a
considerably lower air flow rate will be impractical due to the equipment utilized in the other
levels.

The manufacturer of the chiller equipment we selected is Carrier Industries. It is predicted

that the Lobby Level requires at least 500 tons of refrigeration. The following chiller equipment
could be utilized in this area:

Refrigerating capacity
Equipment Name Cost ($)
(tons)
1,500 –
AquaEdge 19MV 75-1500 tons 19,000

AquaForce® 80 – 501 10,500

30XA

06M Semi-Hermetic Reciprocating 3,500 –

200-1500
Compressor 30,000
Table 23 Chillers

The AquaEdge 19MVoffers the largest range in terms of capacity out of all three and is
75% more efficient than other standard centrifugal chillers. Its oil-free design allows the
equipment to sustain its efficiency because oil, mechanical seals, wear surfaces, and gears are
removed from the equipment, this ensures longer working life for the equipment. It is also
estimated that $5 million can be saved throughout the lifetime of the chiller.

The AquaForce® 30XA has the least range of capacity out of all three but it provides
100% configurability. Its flexible design allows owners to balance the performance of the
equipment to the cost. Its main feature is that it can achieve its full load
capacity in a significantly shorter amount of time compared to other screw chillers.

The 06M Semi-Hermetic Reciprocating Compressor also has the ability to be retrofitted
very easily and on top of that, its compressor operates more quietly, and it also has a unique
refrigerant injection system that is designed to absorb sound energy.

Page | 39
Attached pictures for reference:

AquaEdge 19MV

AquaForce® 30XA

Page | 40
06M Semi-Hermetic Reciprocating Compressor

Page | 41
*references

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