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Chapter 5 Landforms of The Earth

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Chapter 5 Landforms of The Earth

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aymantahmid913
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Chapter 5 Landforms of the Earth (Class 9)

Short Answer Questions

Question 1
What is meant by a landform? Give two examples.

Answer
A landform is a natural feature on the surface of the earth. For example- mountains, plateaus.

Question 2
Why are the fold mountains called so?

Answer
Fold mountains are the result of large scale earth movements caused by stresses in the earth’s
crust. Such stresses may be caused by weight of the overlying rocks, movements in the mantle,
the expansion or contraction of some part of the earth, etc. These stresses subject the rocks to
compressive forces, producing wrinkling or folding along the lines of weakness. Hence, these
mountains are called fold mountains.

Question 3
Give two chief characteristics of the fold mountains.

Answer
Two chief characteristics of the fold mountains are-

1. The fold mountain system has parallel ranges.


2. A fold mountain region is also a region of sudden forces such as of volcanoes and
earthquakes.

Question 4
Give one example of each:

(a) Young fold mountain.


(b) Old fold mountain.

Answer
(a) Young fold mountain - The Himalayas
(b) Old fold mountain - The Aravallis
Question 5
Give one example of residual mountain and an example of depositional plain.

Answer
An example of residual mountain - Nilgiri mountains
An example of depositional plain - Northern plains of India

Question 6
Draw a well labelled diagram to show the formation of a residual mountain.

Answer

Question 7
How is a rift valley formed? Give one example of a rift valley.

Answer
If there are two parallel faults, the valley floor may sink and a rift valley is formed. For
example- African Rift Valley.

Question 8
Give a brief definition of a plateau.

Answer
Plateau is defined as an area of high ground, 500 feet above the ground level. Plateaus have
steep slope on one side. The upper part is generally flat and is called tableland.
Question 9
What is an intermontane plateau? Give one example.

Answer
The plateaus surrounded by hills and mountains on all sides are called intermontane plateaus.
For example- Tibetan plateau.

Question 10
Give two points of importance of landforms.

Answer
The importance of landforms are-

1. The mountain ranges of the world are the abode of snow and glaciers. They are thus the
source of perennial rivers.
2. Mountains, plateaus, plains and valleys are beautiful sculptures of nature on the surface
of the earth. They add to the beauty of the earth.

Distinguish between each of the following

Question 1
Fold Mountains and Block Mountains.

Answer

Fold Mountains Block Mountains

They are formed due to folding of the Block mountains are formed due to
rocks. faulting.

Fold Mountains are formed when two


Block Mountains are formed when the two
tectonic plates move towards each other
tectonic plates move away from each other
leading to the folding of the layers of the
causing cracks on the surface of the Earth.
Earth.

They are characterized by large scale


They are characterized by steep slopes and
complex folds that have greater height but
flat slopes.
are comparatively narrow in width.

For example- Black forest mountains in


For example- the Himalayas in India
Europe.
Question 2
Intermontane plateaus and Volcanic plateaus.

Answer

Intermontane plateaus Volcanic plateaus

These are surrounded by hills and mountains on They are formed by numerous
all the sides. They are formed along with fold volcanic eruptions that slowly build
mountains. up over time.

For example- the Peninsular plateau


For example- the Tibetan plateau.
of India.

Question 3
Structural plains and Depositional plains.

Answer

Structural plains Depositional plains

These plains are formed due These plains are formed by the deposition of materials
to uplift or subsidence of which have been brought by various agents of
land. transportation.

For example- the Great Plains


For example- Northern Plains of India.
of USA.

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