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Energy and Matter Lecture Outline

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34 views

Energy and Matter Lecture Outline

Uploaded by

glizahimmoldang
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Environmental Science Notes Outline Unit 3: Matter and Energy

Matter and Energy


1. What was the initial working hypothesis for how plants gained mass?

2. Describe the results of Van Helmont’s experiment.

a. Change in tree mass:

b. Change in soil mass:

3. Define each term:

a. Mass –

b. Volume –

c. Energy –

4. All matter in the universe is made of atoms. What is an atom?

5. Define each part of an atom and label them on the diagram.

a. Protons

b. Neutrons

c. Electrons

6. What is a molecule?
Environmental Science Notes Outline Unit 3: Matter and Energy

7. Describe the results of Priestley’s experiments:

a. Mouse in a sealed jar:

b. Mouse in a jar with a plant:

8. What molecule did Priestly discover?

9. Give the chemical formula and percent composition of each of these molecules found in air:

Molecule Chemical Formula Percent Composition

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Water

Carbon

10. Describe the result of Ingenhousz’s experiments with plants:

a. Plant placed in sun:

b. Plant placed in darkness:

Energy

11. Define potential energy –

a. What is an example?

12. Define kinetic energy –

a. What is an example?

13. What type of energy makes up the electromagnetic spectrum?


Environmental Science Notes Outline Unit 3: Matter and Energy

14. Define each of the three types of electromagnetic energy released by the sun:

a. Ultraviolet –

b. Visible –

c. Infrared –

15. What wavelengths of energy do plants use?

16. Define photosynthesis.

a. Give the equation for photosynthesis.

b. Where do plants get most of their mass from?

17. Explain how cell respiration helps animals and fungi get energy.

a. Give the full equation for cell respiration:

18. Photosynthesis and cell respiration form the basis of the __________ of energy and the

______________ of matter.

19. What does the First Law of Thermodynamics state?


Environmental Science Notes Outline Unit 3: Matter and Energy

Food Chains
20. What does a food chain diagram show?

21. Label each of the levels of the food chain shown.

22. What do each of these use as a source of energy?

a. Producers

b. Consumers

c. Decomposers

23. What does the Second Law of Thermodynamics state?

24. Define each part of the energy transformation that plants perform:

a. Gross Primary Productivity –

b. Net Primary Productivity –

c. Respiration –

25. What does the 10% rule estimate?

a. What happens to the rest (the other 90%)?


Environmental Science Notes Outline Unit 3: Matter and Energy

Cycles of Matter
26. The Earth is a _______________________________ to matter.

27. What is the role of the biogeochemical cycles?

a. Processes –

b. Sinks –

c. Sources –

28. Define each process of the water cycle:

a. Evaporation

b. Condensation

c. Precipitation

d. Infiltration

e. Runoff

29. Define each process of carbon cycle:

a. Respiration

b. Combustion

c. Photosynthesis

d. Burial

e. Exchange

30. Define each process of the nitrogen cycle:

a. Biotic Fixation

b. Abiotic Fixation

c. Assimilation

d. Ammonification

e. Leaching
Environmental Science Notes Outline Unit 3: Matter and Energy

f. Nitrification

g. Denitrification

31. Define each process of the phosphorus cycle:

a. Weathering

b. Mining

32. Define each process of the sulfur cycle:

a. Acid Precipitation

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