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Agric Note SS 2 WK 1

Agric note for ss2 in Nigeria

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1K views

Agric Note SS 2 WK 1

Agric note for ss2 in Nigeria

Uploaded by

adedejiemmanuel530
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LESSON NOTE ON AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE SS 2 WK 1

TOPIC: FARM MACHINERY AND IMPLEMENTS


Farm Machinery includes various types of machines and implements used in the
farm. These include tractors, ploughs, harrows, cultivators, ridgers, planters,
harvesters, shellers, dyers, sprayers, incubators. The most important implement or
machine in the farm, which is used for operating many far implements is the tractor.

Example of farm machines include tractor, bulldozer, tree puller, shelter, dryer,
incubator and milking machine.

Tractor

Description

1. The tractor: is a powerful and expensive multi-purpose motor vehicle used for
lifting or pulling farm implements.
2. It is equipped with a governor system.
3. It has a power-take off (PTO) shaft used in drawing farm implements like
ploughs, harrows, harvesters, planters e.tc.
4. It has hydraulic control system which lifts mounted implements under the
control of the operator.
5. It consists of an internal combustion engine which uses diesel or petrol
without spark plugs
6. It has four wheels with rubber tires.

Common makes and model of tractors are: David Brown, Massey Ferguson, Ford
and Fiat.

Functions/uses of the Tractor

1. Tractor is used in drawing farm implements like ploughs, harrows, ridgers,


planters, etc.
2. It can also be a stationery power source for equipment like shellers, threshers,
grinders, etc.
3. It has hydraulic control system which aids the lifting of coupled implements.
4. It is used to carry farm inputs like chemicals, fertilizers, seeds etc. from one
section of the farm to another.
5. It can also be used to carry harvested crops or other products from the farm to
the market.
6. It can also be used to transport farm workers within the farm.
7. It is used to clear bush, cultivate land, plant crops, weeding and applying
pesticides.
8. It can contribute to improved profitability by reducing labour costs, improving
quality and quantity of produce and allow an increase in the size of the farm.

Daily Maintenance of Tractor

Maintenance practices that can be carried out daily on the tractor include the
following:

1. Keep the tractor clean by removing all trashes or mud from it at the start or at
the end of operations.
2. Check water levels daily and top it when necessary.
3. Check oil level daily and top it when necessary.
4. Check tyre pressures daily before operations.
5. Inspect the tractor every day before starting.
6. Check electrolyte of battery every day and top when necessary.
7. Adhere strictly to manual or manufacturer’s instructions.
8. Do not overload the tractor, i.e, operate at appropriate speed for farm
operations.

Periodic Maintenance of Tractor

Maintenance practices that should be carried out periodically or at regular intervals


on the tractor include the following:

1. The tractor should be serviced at regular intervals.


2. Worn-out tyres should be replaced and tyre pressure gauged regularly.
3. Ensure that nuts, screws, or shield are checked and tightened at regular
intervals.
4. Replace worn-out or weld broken parts of the tractor.
5. Adhere strictly to manual or manufacturer’s instructions.
6. Employ a competent and experienced tractor operator
7. Routine and regular changing of the engine oil.
8. Air filter should be cleared when necessary.
9. Oil filter should be changed after each service.
10.Parts like the linkages, steering and other movable parts should be greased
occasionally.
11.Fuel injectors should be serviced or changed when necessary.
12.Fan belts should be replaced or adjusted.
13.Wash or clean the carburetor regularly.
14.Always park the tractor in a shed.

Bulldozers

Description

1. Bulldozers are powerful tractors and expensive machines with a broad steel
blade or sheet at the front.
2. It has tract-type metal chains, used for its movement.
3. It consists of internal combustion engine which uses diesel or petrol.
4. The bulldozer which has track metal chains, moves by the aid of driving
sprocket, track rollers and idler rollers.

Functions/Uses of Bulldozer

1. Bulldozer is used for bush clearing


2. It is used for felling trees and stumps.
3. It is used for leveling the ground.
4. It is also used to construct roads on the farms and in rural areas.
5. It is used for moving and collection of earth.

Disadvantages of Using Bulldozers for Land Preparation

Bulldozers, because of their heavy weights and nature of work, have the following
disadvantages in land preparation.

1. It destroys the structure of the soil.


2. It leads to reduction of soil fertility.
3. It also causes compaction of the soil.
4. It can cause air and noise pollution.
5. The bulldozer is an expensive machine that cannot be afforded by peasant
farmers.
6. It can cause soil erosion and water logging.
Maintenance of Bulldozer

The maintenance of the bulldozer is the same with that of the tractor.

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