QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES DEFINITION Quantitative variables represent * Discrete quantitative variables measurable quantities and can be expressed as numbers. They can be represent 2 form of quantitative variable that assumes only distinct either continuous, taking on an and separate values. infinite number of values within a range, or discrete, assuming * Continuous quantitative specific, separate values. These variables can take on any variables provide information about numerical value within a defined a magnitude, quantity, or degree of range, such asin fractions and the characteristic they represent. decimals. WELPFULPROFESSOR.comVariable Quantitative Variables Categorical Variables or | or | Numeric Variables Qualitative Variables | —_—_ Continuous Discrete Ordinal NominalCONTINUOUS VARIABLES Continuous variables are numerical * Weight: The weight of a person variables that can assume any value measured in kilograms (with within a specified range. They can decimal points) is a continuous take on an infinite number of values ratio variable. between two endpoints. The values they assume do not have fixed intervals and can be represented + Temperature: The temperature is a continuous interval variable. Minute differences are meaningful, but 0° does not indicate an absence of temperature, making it interval rather than ratio. with any degree of precision via fractions or decimal points. Key types include 'ratic' and ‘interval’.OISCRETE VARIABLES Ccermvion Jj _eranrecs Adiscrete variable is a numerical + Number of visits to the doctor: variable that can only take ona finite People may have differing number of distinct values within a frequencies of their health check- given range. These values are ups, but we can't have a half or specific, separate, and can often be ‘quarter’ checkup. counted. Unlike continuous variables, discrete variables do not allow for split values between two adjacent discrete units, which leads to their finite nature. + Marital Status: A survey may ask you for your marital status. You can be single, martied, divorced, or widowed, but nothing in-between.CATEGORICAL VARIABLES Categorical variables represent data * Hair Color (Nominal): that can be divided into multiple categories include "blonde", categories but cannot be ordered “brunette”, "black", and “red”. or measured. Each category can be * Has a Pet (Binary): You either identified by a distinct label, and have a pet or you dont, making data points are allocated to these this a binary variable. categories based on qualitative properties. These variables can further be broken down into ordinal, binary, and nominal variables. * Ranking (Ordinal): posttions tke “first”, "second & "third" represent an ordinal variable. The positions clearly depict a ranking order. WELPFULPROFESSOR.comOROINAL VARIABLES Ordinal variables represent categories with a distinct and meaningful order, but unlike interval or ratio variables, the distances between these categories are not uniform or known. These variables can be ranked, but it's impossible to quantify the exact difference between each rank. + Education level: Typical categories might include elementary’, "middle", “high schoct”, ‘college", and "post- graduate". Socioeconomic status: This could be categorized into "low income”, “middle income", and “high income" WELPFULPROFESSOR.cOmNOMINAL VARIABLES ‘Nominal variables are variables that represent different groups or categories without a specific order or ranking, The categories have names or labels, and there is no inherent value or hierarchy among ther. Comparisons of magnitude cannot be made, only categorization or differentiation. * Hair color: “Black” & "brown", and “red simply distinguish different hair color categories without any ranking or order. Religion: Categories might include “Christianity”, “Islam”, "Hinduism’, “Buddhism’, ancl “Atheism”. No rank order is implied. WELPFULPROFESSOR.com