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DjhbewdjnekmDesign of HDD Profile

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12 views7 pages

DjhbewdjnekmDesign of HDD Profile

Uploaded by

Mannknowz Jareda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Installation of a pipe by HDD is usually accomplished in three stages.

The first stage


involves directionally drilling a small-diameter pilot hole along a designed directional
path. The second stage consists of enlarging (reaming) the pilot hole to a diameter
that will support the pipeline, and the third stage consist of pulling the pipeline back
into the enlarge hole

Drill path can be subdivided into five segments:


(a) Inclined straight section AB (entry point to point of curvature)
(b) Curved section BC (point of curvature to point of tangency)
(c) Horizontal section CD (point of tangency to point of curvature)
(d) Curved section DE (point of curvature to point of tangency)
(e) Inclined straight section EF (point of tangency to exit point)

Basic parameters
 ite ocation for Entry ( ig side) and Exit points ( ipe side)
 θ1 = Entry angle
 θ2 = Exit angle
 1 = adius of curvature
 2 = adius of curvature
 d = Minimum depth required from bed of iver/ Nala ( iver or Nala Crossing); or
surface of pavement of oad (NH or H road crossing); or below bottom of ail
( ailway Crossing)
 all thickness of steel pipe
 CD = Horizontal ength at bed portion of iver or Nala; or at oad portion; or ail
portion

Guideline for Choosing Basic Parameters


1. The entry and exit points are end points of drilled profile. The drilling rig is
positioned at the entry point. The pipeline is pulled into the exit point and
back to the entry point. The relative location of entry and exit points, and
consequently the direction of the pilot hole drilling, reaming and pulling back,
should be established by sites geotechnical and topographical conditions. An
additional consideration is the availability of workspace for pull section
fabrication. It is preferable to have workspace in line with drilled segment and
extending back from the exit point the length of pull section plus 200ft (61m).
This will allow the pull section to be prefabricated in one continuous length
prior to installation. If space is not available, the pull section may be
fabricated in two or more section which is welded together during installation.

2. Entry angles should be held between 8° and 12° with horizontal. These
boundaries are due to chiefly to equipment limitations. Horizontal drilling rigs
are typically manufactured to operate at 8° to 12°. Exit angle should be
designed to allow easy break over support. The exit angle should not be so
steep that pull section gets severely elevated in order to guide it into the
drilled hole. Exit angle is typically 5° to 12°. This is generally less than 10° for
larger diameter lines.

3. The radius of the curvature is determined by the bending characteristic of the


product pipeline, increasing with the diameter. A general thumb rule for
radius of curvature is 100ft per 1 in diameter of steel pipeline.
R = 100 D
here = the radius of curvature of circular bends [unit: feet]
D = nominal diameter of the pipe [unit: inch]

Or sometimes this is referred as


R =1200D, where unit of is same as unit of D

The relationship has been developed over a period of years in the horizontal
drilling industry and is based on experience with constructability.

4. Once the crossing profile has been taken and the geotechnical investigation
has been completed, a determination of the depth of cover under the crossing
is made. Factors considered may include flow characteristics of the river, the
depth of scour from periodic flooding, future channel widening/deepening,
and whether pipeline or cable crossings already exist at the location. It is
normally recommended that the minimum depth of cover be 3-6m under the
lowest section of river crossing or from bottom of rail in railway crossing.
hile minimum 10m is a recommended depth of cover on a river crossing,
crossings of other obstacles may have differing requirements.

Steps of pilot drill path, A guide to choose the entry and exit point.
1. OFI E U VEY
The first and foremost activity is to do the profile survey of the crossing.
et us consider a profile survey of a river crossing as below:
2. BA IC A AMETE
After getting the profile of the crossing, the next step is to decide the basic
parameters. et us consider following parameters:
θ1 = Entry angle = 8 degrees
θ2 = Exit angle = 8 degrees
1 = adius of curvature = 400 m
2 = adius of curvature = 400m
d = depth below bed = 10m
CD = Horizontal ength at bed portion of iver = 60m

3. OCATION OF OINT B/B’ T OINT C AND OINT E/E’ T OINT D AND


IT EXTEN ION
The next step is to locate point B/ B’ wrt point C. To understand this step, we
require help of some very basic geometry.

From ΔO1BC’,
∠BO1C’ = θ1degree.
O1C’= 1 (1- cosθ1) and BC’= 1sinθ1 where 1 = adius of curvature.
Hence coordinate of point B with respect to point C is ( 1sinθ1, 1 (1- cosθ1))

From ΔB’O1C,
∠B’O1C = θ1/2 degree
B’C= 1 tanθ1/2
Hence coordinate of point B’ with respect to point C is ( 1 tanθ1/2, 0)

imilarly,
Coordinates of point E with respect to point D is ( 2sinθ2, 2 (1- cosθ2))
And, Coordinate of point E’ with respect to point D is ( 2 tanθ2/2, 0)

Now let us locate these points in our profile diagram.


Coordinate of point B with respect to point C is ( 1sinθ1, 1 (1- cosθ1)).
ut values of 1, θ1
Hence, Coordinate of point B with respect to point C is (55.67m, 3.89m).
Now let us locate this point B wrt C

Now, coordinate of point B’ with respect to point C is ( 1 tanθ1/2, 0)


ut value of 1, θ1
Hence, Coordinate of point B’ with respect to point C is (22.97m, 0).
Now let us locate this point B’.

Now draw line between point B and B’ and extend the line up to profile as shown
in figure.
Coordinates of point E with respect to point D is ( 2sinθ2, 2 (1- cosθ2))
ut values of 2, θ2
Hence, Coordinate of point E with respect to point D is (55.67m, 3.89m).
Now let us locate this point E wrt D.

Now, coordinate of point E’ with respect to point D is ( 2 tanθ2/2, 0


ut value of 2, θ2
Hence, Coordinate of point E’ with respect to point D is (22.97m, 0).
Now let us locate this point E’.
Now draw line between point E and E’ and extend the line up to profile as shown
in figure

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