LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

QUARTER: 4th/SEMESTER: 2nd /WEEK: 3-4

Name: ____________________________________________ Score: ___________

Grade & Section: _____________________ Subject: Research/Capstone Project

Name of Teacher: _____________________________ Date: _________________

I. Title: Data Analysis

II. Type of Activity: Concept notes with formative activities
LAS for summative assessment ( Written Work Performance Task)

III. MELC: Analyze the data obtained from the investigation (STEM_RP12-IIa-e-9).
IV. Learning Objective/s:
 Extract useful information from data sets.
 Review about data levels of measurement and statistical analysis.
 Collaborate with groupmates via platforms on the interpretation and
analysis of the ongoing study.

V. Reference/s:
Print Material/s:
Almero, K. et al. (2018). Utilization of Gumamela (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis)
as Colorant of Iloco Ceramic Tiles. Ilocos Sur National High School
-Senior High School. Unpublished Science Investigatory Project.
Dela Cruz, A. R. D. (2018). Application and Practice of Research for
Senior High School: Inquiries, Investigation, and Immersion.
Phoenix Publishing House.

Ramos, J. D., Ramos, A. C., Sabit, M., Bajao, J. E., (2017). Exploring
Life Through Science Series Senior High School Capstone
Research Project. Phoenix Publishing House. pp. 3-11.

Online Resource/s:
Social Science Statistics. Retrieved at https://www.socscistatistics.com/?
fbclid=IwAR1ckHePnGBCWioCTGso1XJspL73eRGWhn35LWq1q
ZcI-mqP386ZC8NnMJI on February 12, 2021.

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 Different statistical tools and their function in table and source. Retrieved
athttps://www.google.com/search?
q=different+statistical+tools+and+their+function+in+table&source=l
nms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiDsaS5j-
TuAhW0LqYKHVQbC7gQ_AUoAXoECBQQAw&biw=1366&bih=6
67#imgrc=r3RBfYYAVfA8-M on February 12, 2021.

Descriptive analysis. Retrieved at https://www.google.com/search?

q=descriptive+analysis&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiTr6G7j-
TuAhUBAaYKHZ8XCJkQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=descriptive+analysis&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIC
CAAyBAgAEB4yBAgAEB4yBAgAEB4yBAgAEB4yBAgAEB4yBAg
AEB4yBAgAEB4yBAgAEB4yBAgAEB46BQgAELEDOgQIABBDUK
KdkANYldqQA2D23JADaABwAHgDgAHRA4gBiz6SAQgyLjY0LjQt
MZgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1nsAEAwAEB&sclient=img&ei
=G1YmYNO1K4GCmAWfr6DICQ&bih=667&biw=1366#imgrc=stE
X23maKUD00M on February 12, 2021.

DescriptiveStatistics.https://www.google.com/search?q=descriptive
%20and%20inferential
%20statistics&tbm=isch&hl=fil&tbs=il:ol&sa=X&ved=0CAAQ1vwEa
hcKEwjwlo7OluDyAhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAg&biw=1349&bih=667
/September 2, 2021

VI. Performance Tasks

When the experiments are done and data

have been gathered, it is now time to organize and
analyze the results. The data collected from the
experiments are called raw data because they are
unprocessed and uninterpreted. Organizing and
analyzing data involve summarizing and interpreting
the results in the form of table, pictures, graphs,
statements, or statistical analysis. There are two
ways of analyzing data:
www.shutterstock.com
1. Descriptive Statistics - gives information
that describe the data for the entire group. It summarizes or displays facts
that are already known. It is often presented as graph, chart, or table.

Example: A teacher gets the average, or mean scores, of the whole class
in an examination.

2. Inferential Statistics - compares groups, test hypothesis, and makes

predictions about a population. It gathers a sample that is randomly
selected.

Example: The recycling habits of 200 households in Manila are observed to

determine the recycling capacity needed for the city.

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Data Level of Measurement
Collected data become significant when they are interpreted. Without
interpretation, numbers have no meaning. The purpose of the analysis is to describe
and summarize the data, identify relationships between variables, compare
variables, determine the difference between variables, and forecast outcomes.

Four Data Level of Measurements

Level of Measurement Characteristics

Nominal Description or labels without logical order; may be
recorded as text or be assigned with a numerical
code.

Ordinal Measurements arranged in order, but intervals in

between variables are not equal.

Interval Most precise level of measurements. These

variables can be measured and are either discrete or
Ratio continuous. Interval data do not have a true zero
point, while ratio data have an absolute zero point.

Statistical Analysis

Data are subjected to statistical treatment to

interpret results and generate a conclusion. A
spreadsheet program such as Microsoft excel
and the statistical package for social sciences
(SPSS) are the most used software to perform
such calculations and analyses as well as to
display results.
You may also try this link and explore it for your
data.
https://www.socstatistics.com

Statistical Tool

 The three essential things to consider in choosing a statistical test are the
level of measurement, the number of samples, and the purpose of analysis.

 Refer to the table below.

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Interpretation of Results
The following are some tips for interpreting results:
1. Make sure that analysis of results is correct. Having clear statements
will make it easy to interpret results and will not lead to false
interpretation and explanation. Some mistakes that are encountered
during analysis are misreading graphs, using the wrong statistical test,
and ignoring a statistical result with high significance.

2. Methods must be correctly executed to give accurate results. There are

instances when the methods used have a direct impact on the results.
Some common mistakes that may be committed are biased sampling,
very small sample size, poor matching of samples, inadequate
controls, bias in collecting the results (e.g., ignoring results that are far
from expected), and inappropriate application of measurement
techniques.

3. Do not ignore the limitations imposed by a certain method. There are

cases when a certain method is limited in collecting accurate data
because the instrument used has a limited range of getting samples or
is inaccurate data because the instrument used has a limited range of
getting samples or is inaccurate in reading between the maximum and
minimum levels.

4. Talk to your mentor or science adviser. Discussing the results with

them can enrich your insights and findings. Take advantage of these
informal opportunities as they can also shed light to some stumbling

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 blocks that may be encountered while writing the results and
discussions of your paper.
VII. Performance Task
A. Data Analysis-assisted Workshop. Study the sample below in the study
entitled: Utilization of Gumamela (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) as Colorant of
Iloco Ceramic Tiles. Answer the following questions briefly.

1. What is the problem?

2. What is your prediction/hypothesis?
3. What method/s of data collection is used?
4. How do you think the data will be gathered?
5. Highlight the significant findings presented in the table and make a brief
analysis to improve the existing one.

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 Problem 2. What are the physical characteristics of the two experimental

setups in terms of:

a. color,

b. texture, and

c. appearance?

Physical Characteristics of the Experimental set ups

The sensory evaluation of the 45 assessors on physical characteristics along

the color of the three ex perimental set ups namely ceramic tiles with 100 ml of

colorant for set up A, ceramic tiles with 75 ml of colorant for set up B and ceramic

tiles with 50 ml of colorant for set up C is presented on Table 2.

As revealed in the table, when taken as a whole, the overall mean rating of the

evaluators on the th ree experimental set ups is 4.33 interpreted as “ Highly

Acceptable.” This means that the color of the experimental set ups is close to the color

of the ceramic tiles that are being distributed in the market. They are accepted by

different set of evaluators who knows the industry well.

Table 2. Mean Sensory Evaluation on color of the experimental set ups

COLOR
SET UP
Mean Descriptive Rating
A 4.67 HA
B 4.47 HA
C 3.86 A
Composite Mean 4.33 HA
Legend:

Range of Mean Rating Descriptive Interpretation

4.21-5.00 Highly Acceptable (HA)
3.41-4.20 Acceptable (A)
2.61-3.40 Moderately Acceptable (MA)
1.81-2.60 Fairly Acceptable (FA)
1.00-1.80 Not Acceptable (NA)

Taken singly, set up A which has 100 mL of colorant added to it has the highest

mean rating of 4.67 described as “Highly Acceptable” while set up C which has 50 mL of

colorant added has the lowest mean rating of 3.86 however described as “Acceptable.”

This means that the evaluators prefer the ceramic tile with 100 mL of colorant set up

which has uniform color throughout the tiles after fired at a high temperature. One of the

evaluators pointed out that the tiles with a much darker color is more appealing than those

with high opacity and have an uneven distribution along its surface.

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 In the study conducted by Alibaba (2006), it was shown that the ceramic tiles with

colorant added to it has high acceptability rating from the ceramic specialists and the set-up

is comparable to commercial Vigan ceramic tiles. It was further supported on the study of

Gilman (2005) which states that enhanced colors of ceramic tiles promote the raise of sales

on ceramic industry. He also added that adding colorant to ceramic tiles make them more

appealing to consumers.

B. Collaborative Workshop. Work together with your groupmates and make

a draft of your data analysis from your ongoing study. (Note that you will be
submitting individually but keep a copy for your final output). Use the template below.
Your teacher will also give you softcopies of sample in your group chat for your
reference.

Title:

Name of Group Members (Surname, First Name, Middle Initial):

Introduction:

Methods:

Statistical treatment used:

Results: (In table, graph, and textual form)

Conclusion/s:

VIII. Notes to Teachers:

 All answers will be put on a separate sheet of paper.
Scoring Guides in Data Analysis-assisted Workshop

Item Points allotted per item in a

question
Critical Thinking 2
Explanation 2
Scientific Values Highlighted 1

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 Total 5

Scoring Guides for Collaborative Workshop

Title: 3 points for clarity

Name of Group Members 2 points for complete 3-4 members
Introduction: 5 points for utilizing the inverted
pyramid in constructing ideas.
Methods: 5 points for correct flow and
procedure
Statistical treatment used: 5 points if correct statistical tool is
chosen. (student may ask a
statistician about this).
Results: (In table, graph, and textual 10 points
form) Table (3 points)
Graph (3 points)
Textual (4 points)
Conclusion: 5 points if aligned, concrete, and
significant to the results gathered.
Total 35 points

IX. Answer Key to the Tasks:

Answers/outputs may vary

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