Mathe matical Poblems of Heat

Cmd uctam:-
coli d May be
mayhe
a
dield inside
The tem pevahune heat
heat eq
solving
the eq suject
detenmtned by amd bonnd oaw Cmd i t i
boMnday
Conditim
inefiad
ppate
to po lle w
pole m
matica
methe
asocialtd value
v alue
The
inutia
banday
as an
referre d to
Problemn must be c
m
matfca
proble
mathe
The

problem
well peseo
Well posed problem: m a t h e ma
atti
tC eu
ce d
mathe
s a
PoblewM
poseod fo llweng
lleweng ppettes
AWe Ppetees
hau t h e fa
hat
proble m
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unique
s
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m
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nes
3 The sot depe
data in S
in Small
mal
datn
data res uult
ult es

e haMqe în
qivem
aqivem
SmaUI
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includes the brnnelavy Cmditms

The data S OAYCe term in
ConditTUmg md the s ource
h1ncta
h e eqn
DI posed problem: not well posed
that s
Amathe mattta prohlem
sill posed 2ed by me
ehavaeteri
Poblem
n il posed
A An
the follwing
Mone ob
Y

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The Sot s not unique
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3
gtvem d a t a ,
a
data
a e
r es
suls
lt in lavqe
lavge
chanqes in givem
Smal
n e s t = 0 . = - kd
Changes

-Dstendy heat
Cmducam withnt
steady heat
heat qemeratm 1
Conoluetmim apleane both
the hect Hux a t
wall, 1f C heaBenevafr) h e Bwndarqes ane

L ht speeified, then Cat

hen 1t will be èll posed ntunu
Heat Con ductin e Geneva Comm
ents hect
Fwriers law it s Seen that
Fum
+Tonns ev by Conductim depemedt m temp
raoient
scalav)
Unlike tempevahve C Which n a

vectur -- Has directom ay

h e t Aax a Well a Maqnthnde

heat trawtur particlav

în a
Rate ot
n tnpevahre qradrent
dinectam depends
ja that direcHm = -k
MediuM
r e fr isobopk heat
When specta the
we Magnehde t
t T s s o ecesg e
rana fev (sa IW/w)
the d i n e c t e M in
whath 1t s IW
to speet h e a t trans tev depend
Conoluctim
Sme
we meed to knna
eed
temenamme qradient
on n the Systm
systtm
di4nbutenM
tempevamne

epeneling pon qeomet ne Can chose

the

v Convenlent CoOolm atë systm, i.e., ectanqulav

(llneicad spherical.

tempevahne within Cenducteng

Trn qmeva
Meciuv may vanwitw Spaee as wella teme
 timMe wth Suijasle
Hwevev mest of the
the pleM Can be educe d to
agumptam ,

> One dimensinal

two dimensimal

stead
Un ste ad
-Demensimal

Thin omd long plak

lqjin
Thn amd lmq cynede

2 diMenuimeu
Lomg rectanqulv slus
 Short & thick cylinder

(
the wal of
Hect transtev uross
Steaod the
sutticently long time w) t
Hx atter a
Comolitms ema
remai ning
Cold lurd
hot amd

Anckange Hot Huid

cold tluid
 volume
Head Diffusion Equatim;-Control
analysi
obiecttve 0t cmductim anddni ae
The mci n
i.e.
To find tempewame distm butim
T T C},3,t)
transfewrates t temp
fen heat
To
sCng faMriers law
st but
-K1 -
m do
strease panscm m
ex
To encther Mal
evaMne t b u r m.
ditnbutm
detlectm f m tem
Cavteciaw Co-rdiedes inftnuhesi mally smell
D1terentea )
Comtro volumee

T2) Tztda

Ida

EE
 Assumphim

)The
Thee o hulk mofa wilhin he mrdiu
VLm
ecas hene s no bulk motm Cadvecdom)
the enevqy ww into s a t of the CV ae due to
ener
empewae qradients aes eoLeh covno surfaee

Frm law of thevmodynamiy

CEnevg Cmuer vatiun)
u
Enea nt Enewga Gemwakd- Energy
negY Stemeof
Ein+ Fa- E Ecion
Surace
terms ae
-The inflm 8 a 8 autfl
Tht is they take plare ut the
pheno wMeno
Surfare of the Cowtro Nolumee

&
En1 Smrce/smk Enwny shmed ave

VolumeAi pheno wen en

 e. the applicattmm ot
The Cmductm equattM
MaY be
be wrtfe
w tfe
do Cmd uctm may
aw 0t eme7 rates heat
ranate rates
o
heut
i ntrm parttculnv
infervod, A
in
7angfeYre
term
> In thysîcal
= Tet d11 d
td thau
the
-Compment

sttes
equagam the
thTS sequdto
tranafev
at utdx
0+ hea Chennqe
oo this
this
the change
at X plus
-Compoment Femes dk
to X
with respt
C mpment enevqy
chanq
Chanqe
latent
that no
aA-ssuing

ave tak Eng plaee

het tranr
hecet
Cmduetan
,y2 to the Cont rel
Comtol
perpendiculav
into t h e C.v.

SuTfare at , 2

Ein1t +9

Similarl
Comductem heat
t ytd, 1ztd =
CV af xtdx, T4 omd
rana fev out of the
2 +dz
 Fum Taylov Seles
naim nejlectèng hj
ordev tevmu

td t x dx

y 124 d
d2

EnevY 1emevat+m
-
to Cmversm
9enevafim may he due
The e n e v a t iînto thermal eneri
înto eneid
dhemital/mleav
Of eleetical/
=tve> Enevayionrte
Sink
Enevqy
-Veve
emeraim E, Keve b
The ene Enevyy gevm
dy dz Per unt vojume

eMewqy strage E
nb
The rak of

Et,2T AAdyda- -
t
whene Cp > rade of change in senscle ene
Pev umet volumes

in O we qet
Substituting -

=
fcp dr dy d2-
we
ohtui n

Substuting
) in(7)

31zdz+ dxdydz
89 d 314 dy-

Fawries law (Cmtehave melattm)

Nad wm
-kdda L ; 1y-kdtda
T - k did1 T
2
by
by ddydz
drdatz
i n ( om Aieling
ivielinq
Sub sti ttng
we qe
) , (3)2(+
d2
1 t
(lo
heat
The above es+he remera
Co-orolinat syste
Co-orodina
Cortesia
systew
dftusTM equtcm fur
Mote othing but
an expreasc fw
) Eq 1o m
Staw
ii) Far hvm(k are nothing
heat
h e t flux into
fux tnto
the net cmeluctam
ut .

dinetM
C.V fov the

) t
of e gives the temperaknv
The sot
distibutun T (x,y,2) at ony instat ot

tmet

Simplifcation ot heat diftuim E"

Constnnt Fw homonem 8 1Lot»pIt)
i) ks solid
F m r e - Bcot

z2 eq uatm

cout
11) steady stuBt8 kr
T 1 + +32 2 =o Porssas e
2
 seady SJat no heat qenevatM

C)+ )+()-0
Fr Cstmt k
T + 1 +I
2 =
2
VT =0 L a pLap plaee

equatm

mr: cmclude that in a

e" we
Fum tMe Laplaee Constat thevma Conductnt
solid wyth
Sttamay s n r c e , ,the tempevare.
heat
omo wHKwt inernal
stak. Conelitams does
butm andev skndy-
st en the thermo
physîcad popertes
poperte

mot depemd the solidhape

solidshape
solid, buct
N deemuned
b
of the
odisknbutm alna Its baandoy
tem}eNae
Ancthe

Coneuctm eq" WIth

yenera Heat in
rme Cneluctivity
vari ase the
varinu Coordinate
systems.

V.CkVT)+
+-PcT
t

Tarespecetve of Coreînate systm

ed
Cylindrica Coovolinateu:
kTtL (T+
PC
T

PCr9,2)

T T(5 Z9.
relatnships bet" the ectanqular
The
Coordinafes of prnt as
Omd cylineerical
ln the ttquye a e qe2en b
Shown

z-2
=ecOs , eshn4,
The lap laeian ot the tmpeahe In y lindical
codYdinak s qivem b
2 2
2
T
dre
+ e Ia tL T + àT
e az2|

9mp:
Fr Cylindrnta Cordinahes

=k T -aT
n
* p r t a t to keep unit n min d
Spherical Co-ordi nates
2
LK aI+ ksineI

2
ePe4)
= RSme Cos
= RSine sno

e z re C

T T (K9,0,t)
 in Sphencal Co rdirate
The Lapla cian of tonpewahre
qven

2
VT à tine)

tesie9

A Compact Equatim
time odepeudent
The one-dimenuima lindia
in rectanqulav, cy
heat comd uctamM eq Can be
om spherica
Cooreinase systMs
în the form ot
ev
Wrrthn moe Compactl4
Single equatim al

re'k Br)+ 4" =fGp

Coodinak
0 fw ectangulav
whee
f e v ylindiral Cordina
Spheical Co rdinate
2 fv

vectanquav Corodina syitem }tk

And in

Y variale by the
Custo may to eplaee the
Varasle