Computer organization Lab Manual (KCS 352) Semester (III) AY 2023-24

COMPUTER ORGANIZATION LAB

LABORATORY MANUAL
B.Tech. , Semester -III
Subject Code: KCS-352

Session: 2022-23, ODD Semester

Name:

Roll. No.:

Group/Branch:

Dronacharya Group of Institutions

Plot No. 27, Knowledge Park-3, Greater Noida, Uttar
Pradesh 201308
Affiliated to
Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam Technical University
Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031

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Computer organization Lab Manual (KCS 352) Semester (III) AY 2023-24

Table of Contents
1. Vision and Mission of the Institute
2. Programme Educational Objectives (PEOs)
3. Programme Outcomes (POs)
4. Programme Specific Outcomes (PSOs)
5. University Syllabus
6. Course Outcomes (COs)
7. CO- PO and CO-PSO mapping
8. Course Overview
9. List of Experiments
10. DOs and DON’Ts
11. General Safety Precautions
12. Guidelines for students for report preparation
13. Lab assessment criteria
14. Details of Conducted Experiments
15. Lab Experiments

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Computer organization Lab Manual (KCS 352) Semester (III) AY 2023-24

Vision of the Institute

“To impart Quality Education, to give an enviable growth to

seekers of learning, to groom them as World Class Engineers and
Managers competent to match the expanding expectations of the
Corporate World has been ever enlarging vision extending to new
horizons of Dronacharya Group of Institutions.”

Mission of the Institute

We, at Dronacharya Group of Institutions, are absolutely

committed to serve the society and improve the mode of life by
imparting high quality education in the field of Engineering and
Management catering to the explicit needs of the students,
society, humanity, and industry. ‘Shiksha evam Sahayata’. i. e.
Education and help are the two words etched on our banner
soaring higher year after year.

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Computer organization Lab Manual (KCS 352) Semester (III) AY 2023-24

Program Outcomes (POs)

PO1: Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science,

engineering fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of
complex engineering problems.
PO2: Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze
complex engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first
principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
PO3: Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering
problems and design system components or processes that meet the specified
needs with appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the
cultural, societal, and environmental considerations.
PO4: Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge
and research methods including design of experiments, analysis and
interpretation of data, and synthesis of the information to provide valid
conclusions.
PO5: Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources,
and modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to
complex engineering activities with an understanding of the limitations.
PO6: The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual
knowledge to assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the
consequent responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice.
PO7: Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional
engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate
the knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.
PO8: Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and
responsibilities and norms of engineering practice.
PO 9: Individual and teamwork: Function effectively as an individual, and as a
member or leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
PO10: Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities
with the engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to
comprehend and write effective reports and design documentation, make
effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
PO11: Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding
of the engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own
work, as a member and leader in a team, to manage projects and in
multidisciplinary environments.
PO12: Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability
to engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of
technological change.

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 Program Educational Objectives (PEOs)

PEO 1. Engineers will practice the profession of engineering using a systems

perspective and analyze, design, develop, optimize & implement
engineering solutions and work productively as engineers, including
supportive and leadership roles on multidisciplinary teams.

PEO 2. Continue their education in leading graduate programs in engineering &

interdisciplinary areas to emerge as researchers, experts, educators &
entrepreneurs and recognize the need for, and an ability to engage in
continuing professional development and life-long learning.

PEO 3. Engineers, guided by the principles of sustainable development and global

interconnectedness, will understand how engineering projects affect society
and the environment.

PEO 4. Promote Design, Research, and implementation of products and services in

the field of Engineering through Strong Communication and Entrepreneurial
Skills.

PEO 5. Re-learn and innovate in ever-changing global economic and technological

environments of the 21st century.
 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

University Syllabus
1. Implementing HALF ADDER, FULL ADDER using basic logic gates
2. Implementing Binary -to -Gray, Gray -to -Binary code conversions.
3. Implementing 3-8 line DECODER.
4. Implementing 4x1 and 8x1 MULTIPLEXERS.
5. Verify the excitation tables of various FLIP-FLOPS.
6. Design of an 8-bit Input/ Output system with four 8-bit Internal Registers.
7. Design of an 8-bit ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT.
8. Design the data path of a computer from its register transfer language description.
9. Design the control unit of a computer using either hardwiring or microprogramming based
on its register transfer language description.
10. Implement a simple instruction set computer with a control unit and a data path.

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

Course Outcomes (COs)

Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
C.1: Design and verify combinational circuits (adder, code converter, decoder,
multiplexer) using basic gates.
C.2: Design and verify various flip-flops.
C.3: Design I/O system and ALU.
C.4: Demonstrate a simple instruction set computer .

CO-PO Mapping:

PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
C.1 3 3 2 2 2 2
C.2 3 3 2 2 2 2
C.3 3 3 2 2 2 2
C.4 2 3 2 2 2

CO-PSO Mapping

PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

C207.1 - 3 -
C207.2 - 3 -
C207.3 - 3 -
C207.4 - 3 -
C207 - 3 -

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

Course Overview

An important part of the undergraduate curriculum for IT students is coverage of computer

organization. Typically, this is accomplished by both a lecture and lab course. The purpose of
the lab course is to have the students develop practical design skills. Our computer organization
laboratory course starts with traditional logic gate design, then gradually incorporates control
unit, up to the point where students are building a simple instruction set computer. The
laboratory course is scheduled for a two-hour time slot. There are ten lab experiments.

During the first set of Experiments, students become familiar with basic digital hardware by
constructing simple combinational circuits, and learning troubleshooting skills. During the
second set of Experiments, students become familiar with arithmetic logic unit and control unit.
Finally, students apply their knowledge to the design a simple instruction set computer.
Because students are constructing complete computer organization projects, the computer
organization lab typically requires more effort than traditional laboratory courses.

List of Experiments mapped with COs

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

SLno. List of Experiments Course

Outcome
1.
Implementing HALF ADDER, FULL ADDER using basic logic gates C.1

2.
Implementing Binary -to -Gray, Gray -to -Binary code conversions. C.1

3.
Implementing 3-8 line DECODER. C.1

4.
Implementing 4x1 and 8x1 MULTIPLEXERS. C.1

Verify the excitation tables of various FLIP-FLOPS.

5.
C.2

6. Design of an 8-bit Input/ Output system with four 8-bit Internal Registers.
C.2

7. Design of an 8-bit ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT. C.3

Design the data path of a computer from its register transfer language
8.
description. C.4

Design the control unit of a computer using either hardwiring or

9. microprogramming based on its register transfer language description.
C.4

Implement a simple instruction set computer with a control unit and a data
10.
path. C.4

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

DOs and DON’Ts

Dos
1. Login-on with your username and password.
2. Log off the Computer every time when you leave the Lab.
3. Arrange your chair properly when you are leaving the lab.
4. Put your bags in the designated area.
5. Ask permission to print.

DON’Ts
1. Do not share your username and password.
2. Do not remove or disconnect cables or hardware parts.
3. Do not personalize the computer setting.
4. Do not run programs that continue to execute after you log off.
5. Do not download or install any programs, games or music on computer in Lab.
6. Personal Internet use chat room for Instant Messaging (IM) and Sites Strictly
Prohibited.
7. No Internet gaming activities allowed.
8. Tea, Coffee, Water & Eatables are not allowed in the Computer Lab.

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

General Safety Precautions

Precaution (In case of Injury or Electric Shock)

1. To break the victim with live electric source .Use an insulator such as fire wood or
plastic to break the contact. Do not touch the victim with bare hands to avoid the risk
of electrifying yourself.
2. Unplug the risk of faulty equipment. If main circuit breaker is accessible, turn the
circuit off.
3. If the victim is unconscious, start resuscitation immediately, use your hands to press the
chest in and out to continue breathing function. Use mouth-to-mouth resuscitation if
necessary.
4. Immediately call medical emergency and security. Remember! Time is critical; be best.

Precaution (In case of Fire)

1. Turn the equipment off. If power switch is not immediately accessible, take plug off.
2. If fire continues, try to curb the fire if possible by using the fire extinguisher or by covering
it with a heavy cloth if possible isolate the burning equipment from the other surrounding
equipment.
3. Sound the fire alarm by activating the nearest alarm switch located in the hallway.
4. Call security and emergency department immediately:

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

Guidelines to students for report preparation

All students are required to maintain a record of the experiments conducted by them.
Guidelines for its preparation are as follows: -

1) All files must contain a title page followed by an index page. The files will not be signed by
the faculty without an entry in the index page.

2) Student’s Name, Roll number and date of conduction of experiment must be written on all
pages.

3) For each experiment, the record must contain the following

(i) Aim/Objective of the experiment

(ii) Equipment’s required

(iii) Pre-experiment work (as given by the faculty)

(iv) Observation table

(v) Results/ output

Note:

1. Students must bring their lab record along with them whenever they come for the lab.

2. Students must ensure that their lab record is regularly evaluated.

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

Lab Assessment Criteria

An estimated 10 lab classes are conducted in a semester for each lab course. These lab classes
are assessed continuously. Each lab experiment is evaluated based on 5 assessment criteria as
shown in following table. Assessed performance in each experiment is used to compute CO
attainment as well as internal marks in the lab course.
Grading Needs
Exemplary (4)
Criteria Competent (3) Improvement Poor (1)
(2)
AC1:
Pre-Lab Complete Underlined
Underlined
written work procedure with concept is Not able to write
concept is not
(for last lab underlined written but concept and
clearly
class, this may concept is procedure is procedure
understood
be assessed properly written incomplete
through viva)
Assigned
Assigned
problem is
problem is
properly
properly
AC2: analyzed, correct Assigned
analyzed,
Program solution designed, problem is Assigned
correct solution
Writing/ appropriate properly problem is
designed,
Modeling language analyzed & properly
appropriate
constructs/ tools correct solution analyzed
language
are applied, designed
constructs/
Program/solution
tools are
written is
applied
readable
Unable to
Is dependent
Able to identify understand the
AC3: totally on
Able to identify errors/ bugs reason for
Identification someone for
errors/ bugs and and remove errors/ bugs
& Removal of identification of
remove them them with little even after they
errors/ bugs errors/ bugs and
bit of guidance are explicitly
their removal
pointed out
Only few
All variants of
All variants of variants of input
input /output Solution is not
input /output are /output are
are not tested, well
tested, Solution is tested,
AC4:Execution However, demonstrated
well Solution is well
& solution is well and
demonstrated and demonstrated
Demonstration demonstrated implemented
implemented but implemented
and concept is not
concept is clearly concept is not
implemented clearly
explained clearly
concept is explained
explained

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

clearly
explained

More than 70 % Less than 40 %

of the assigned Less than 70 % of the assigned
All assigned problems are of the assigned problems are
problems are well well recorded problems are well recorded
recorded with with objective, well recorded with objective,
objective, design design with objective, design
constructs and contracts and design contracts contracts and
AC5:Lab
solution along solution along and solution solution along
Record
with with along with with
Assessment
Performance Performance Performance Performance
analysis using all analysis is done analysis is done analysis is done
variants of input with all with all variants with all
and output variants of of input and variants of
input and output input and
output output

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

LAB EXPERIMENTS

LAB EXPERIMENT 1

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

OBJECTIVE: Design and implementation of Half Adder and Full Adder.

EQUIPMENTS & COMPONENTS REQUIRED:

SL.No. Equipment’s Specification Quantity

1 Digital IC Trainer kit - 1
2 Digital Multimeter 1

SL.No. Components Specification Quantity

7400, 7402, 7404,
1 each
1 Digital ICs 7408, 7432, 7486.
- 6
2 Patch cords

BRIEF DESCRIPTION:
 To design and implement half adder using logic gates

HALF ADDER

OUTPUTS
INPUT A INPUT B
S C

0 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 1 0
1 1 0 1

Circuit Diagram Truth Table

 To design and implement full adder using logic gates.

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

FULL ADDER

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM TRUTH TABLE

PRE-EXPERIMENT QUESTIONS:-

1. Explain the truth table of half adder.

2. How many Ex-or and or or gate can be used to make a half adder?

PROCEDURE:-

 Identify the pins.

 Connect the circuit as per circuit diagram.
 Obtain outputs with various input combinations.
 Verify it with the Boolean function using truth table

POST-EXPERIMENT QUESTIONS:-

1. What are the applications of half adder?

2. What are the application of full adder?

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

LAB EXPERIMENT 2

OBJECTIVE: Design and implementation of Binary to Gray, Gray to Binary Code

conversions

EQUIPMENTS & COMPONENTS REQUIRED:

SL.
Equipments Specification Quantity
No.
1 Digital IC Trainer kit - 1
2 Digital Multimeter 1

SL.
Components Specification Quantity
No.
7400, 7402,
7404,
1 each
1 Digital ICs 7408, 7432,
7486.
- 6
2 Patch cords

BRIEF DESCRIPTION:

a) To design and implement Binary to Gray Code conversions

Pin diagram of Binary to gray code converter using 7486 IC (ex-or Gate)

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

INPUTS OUTPUTS

A B C D G4 G3 G2 G1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1
1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1
1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0
1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1
1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0

Circuit Diagram of Binary to Gray Code Converter

Truth Table

b) To design and implement Binary to Gray Code conversions

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

Pin diagram of Gray to Binary code converter using 7486 Ic(Exor Gate)

INPUTS OUTPUTS

A B C D B3 B2 B1 B0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1
0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0
1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1
1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0
1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1
1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0
1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

Circuit Diagram for Gray to Binary Code Converter

TRUTH TABLE
PRE-EXPERIMENT QUESTIONS:-

1 What is a code converter.

2 Differentiate between translator and code converter.

PROCEDURE:-

 Collect the components necessary to accomplish this experiment.

 Plug the IC chip into the breadboard.
 Connect the supply voltage and ground lines to the chips. PIN7 = Ground and PIN14 =
+5V.
 Make connections as shown in the respective circuit diagram.
 Connect the inputs of the gate to the input switches of the LED.
 Connect the output of the gate to the output LEDs.
 Once all connections have been done, turn on the power switch of the breadboard
 Operate the switches and fill in the truth table (Write "1" if LED is ON and "0" if L1 is
OFF Apply the various combination of inputs according to the truth table and observe
the condition of Output LEDs.

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

POST-EXPERIMENT QUESTIONS:-

1. What are the advantages of code converter?

2. What are the properties of gray code?

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

LAB EXPERIMENT 3

OBJECTIVE: Design and implementation of 2- 4 and 3-8 line decoder.

EQUIPMENTS & COMPONENTS REQUIRED:

SL.No. Equipments Specification Quantity

1 Digital IC Trainer kit - 1
2 Digital Multimeter 1

S Components Specification Quantity

7400, 7402,
7404,
1 Digital ICs 1 each
7408, 7432,
7486.
2 Patch cords - 6

BRIEF DESCRIPTION:
a) 2 to 4Decoder using logic gates:

Truth Table Logic Diagram

b) 3 to 8 decoder using logic gates:

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

SYMBOL TRUTH TABLE

LOGIC DIAGRAM OF 3 TO 8 DECODER:

PRE-EXPERIMENT QUESTIONS:
1. Difference between Encoder and Decoder.
2. Explain the need of multiplexer.

PROCEDURE:
 Collect the components necessary to accomplish this experiment.
 Plug the IC chip into the breadboard.
 Connect the supply voltage and ground lines to the chips. PIN7 = Ground
 and PIN14 = +5V.
 Make connections as shown in the respective circuit diagram.
 Connect the inputs of the gate to the input switches of the LED.
 Connect the output of the gate to the output LEDs.
 Once all connections have been done, turn on the power switch of the breadboard

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 Computer Organization Lab (KCS-352)

 Operate the switches and fill in the truth table ( Write "1" if LED is ON and "0" if L1
is OFF Apply the various combination of inputs according to the truth tab alend
observe the condition of Output LEDs.

POST EXPERIMENT QUESTIONS:

1. Design a 5 to 32 decoder using one 2 to 4 and four 3 to 8 decoder ic’s.
2. Write a note on BCD to decimal decoder.

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