Heat Extra—2

Radiation:
1) Radiation can be described as energy or particles from a source that travels
through space or other mediums.
2) Light, heat, microwaves and wireless communications are all forms of
radiation. This includes the following:

• Particle Radiation: such as alpha radiation ,beta radiation , and neutron

radiation.
• Gravitational Radiation: such as radiation that takes the form of
gravitational waves, or ripples in the curvature of space-time.
• Acoustic Radiation: such as ultrasound, sound, and seismic waves.
• Electromagnetic radiation: such as radio waves, x-rays, and gamma
radiation .

MCQs :

1) In solids, heat transfer takes place primarily due to

(a) conduction
(b) convection
(c) radiation
(d) none of these
Ans: (a) conduction

2) The normal temperature of human body is

(a) 37 K
(b) 37°F
(c) 37°C
(d) All of these
Ans: (c) 37°C

3) Heat is
(a) a form of energy
(b) a type of matter
(c) sometimes energy and sometimes matter
 (d) none of these
Ans: (a) a form of energy

4) Sunlight reaches the earth’s surface through

(a) convection
(b) radiation
(c) conduction
(d) radio waves
Ans: (b) radiation

5) Degree of hotness or coldness is called

(a) temperature
(b) power
(c) heat
(d) energy
Ans: (a) temperature

6) Woolen clothes
(a) keep us cool
(b) decrease the body temperature
(c) increase the body temperature
(d) keep us warm
Ans: (d) keep us warm

7) Land breeze blows from

(a) lower surface to upper surface
(b) sea to land
(c) upper surface to lower surface
(d) land to sea
Ans: (d) land to sea

8) Metals are conductors of heat.

(a) average
(b) poor
(c) good
(d) some are poor conductors
Ans: (c) good
9) Liquids and gases transfer the heat by
(a) radiation
(b) conduction
(c) convection
(d) all of these
Ans: (c) convection
10) The process of transferring of heat without any contact between
the source of heat and the heated object is called
(a) conduction
(b) convection
(c) radiation
(d) induction
Ans: (c) radiation
11) The normal temperature of human body is
(a) 35°C
(b) 37°C
(c) 40°C
(d) 42°C
Ans: (b) 37°C
12)
13) The transfer of heat from hotter body to colder body is called
(a) conduction
(b) induction
(c) convection
(d) radiation
Ans: (a) conduction

14) A device used to measure the temperature is

(a) transistor
(b) thermometer
(c) mercury
(d) none of these
Ans: (b) thermometer

15) Which of the following is an insulator?

(a) Wood
 (b) Iron
(c) Copper
(d) Zinc
Ans: (a) Wood
16) The air from the sea is called
(a) sea breeze
(b) land breeze
(c) wind
(d) none of these
Ans: (a) sea breeze

17) Which of the following thermometers has a kink?

(a) Laboratory thermometer
(b) Clinical thermometer
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Digital thermometer
Ans: (b) Clinical thermometer

18) What is the range of the temperature reading of a clinical

thermometer?
(a) 35°C – 42°C
(b) -10°C – 110°C
(c) 0°C – 100°C
(d) 32°C – 42°C
Ans: (a) 35°C – 42°C

19) Which of the following thermometer contains mercury?

(a) Clinical thermometer
(b) Laboratory thermometer
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
Ans: (c) Both (a) and (b)

20) Which colour absorbs more heat?

(a) Black
(b) White
(c) Blue
 (d) Red
Ans: (a) Black

21) What is the SI unit of temperature?

(a) Kelvin
(b) Celsius
(c) Fahrenheit
(d) None of these
Ans: (a) Kelvin

22) Which one is filled in the bulb of a thermometer?

(a) Mercury
(b) Lead
(c) Copper
(d) Silver
Ans: (a) Mercury

23) A marble tile would feel cold as compared to a wooden tile on a

winter morning, because the marble tile
(a) is a better conductor of heat than the wooden tile.
(b) is polished while wooden tile is not polished.
(c) reflects more heat than wooden tile.
(d) is a poor conductor of heat than the wooden tile.
Ans: (a) is a better conductor of heat than the wooden tile.

24) A poor person wrapped himself with a few layers of newspaper on

a cold winter night. This helped him to keep himself warm because
(a) friction between the layers of newspaper produces heat.
(b) air trapped between the layers of newspaper is a bad conductor of
heat.
(c) newspaper is a conductor of heat.
(d) newspaper is at a higher temperature than the temperature of the
surrounding.
Ans: (b) air trapped between the layers of newspaper is a bad conductor
of heat.

25) The materials which allow the heat to pass through them easily
 are called
(a) insulators
(b) conductors
(c) semiconductors
(d) poor conductors
Ans: (b) conductors

26) Liquid used in thermometers is

(a) alcohol
(b) mercury
(c) water
(d) oil
Ans: (b) mercury

27) What is the range of the temperature reading of a laboratory

thermometer?
(a) -10°C – 110°C
(b) 35°C – 42°C
(c) 0°C – 100°C
(d) -10°C – 100°C
Ans: (a) -10°C – 110°C

28) Which of the following is a insulator

(a) Graphite
(b) Air
(c) Aluminium rod
(d) Copper rod
Ans: (b) Air

29) During the night

(a) Sea water heats up
(b) Land heats up
(c) Land cools more quickly than the sea
(d) Sea cools quickly than the land
Ans: (c) Land cools more quickly than the sea
30) Mercury is generally used in thermometer because it has a
(a) high fluidity
(b) high density
(c) high conductivity
(d) high specific heat
Ans: (c) high conductivity

31) Which of the following devices is used for measurement of

temperature of human body?
(a) Stethoscope
(b) Clinical thermometer
(c) Laboratory thermometer
(d) None of these
Ans: (b) Clinical thermometer

32) In which mode of heat transfer does the transfer of heat occur as
a wave?
(a) Conduction
(b) Convection
(c) Radiation
(d) All of these
Ans: (c) Radiation

33) 10°C is equal to

(a) 173 K
(b) 273 K
(c) 283 K
(d) 183 K
Ans: (c) 283 K

34) On a Fahrenheit scale

(a) Boiling point of water is 212°F
 (b) The temperature will be equal to that on the Celsius scale at −40°C
(c) The difference between the upper fixed point and the lower fixed
point is divided into 180 equal parts
(d) All of the above
Ans: (d) All of the above

35) Method of heat transfer in steel rod is

(a) Conduction
(b) Convection
(c) Radiation
(d) All of these
Ans: (a) Conduction

36) Process of change of state from gaseous state to liquid state is

called
(a) freezing
(b) sublimation
(c) boiling
(d) condensation
Ans: (d) condensation

37) Expansion of a substance on heating depends on

(a) nature of the substance
(b) rise in temperature
(c) both A and B
(d) color of the substance
Ans: (c) both A and B

38) Specific heat is

(a) the specific temperature at which the substance is in solid state.
(b) the heat needed to increase the temperature of 1 gallon of water by
1 degree Fahrenheit.
(c) the amount of heat conducted in 1 minute.
 (d) the energy needed to increase the temperature of 1 gram of a
substance by 1 degree Celsius.
Ans: (d) the energy needed to increase the temperature of 1 gram of a
substance by 1 degree Celsius.

39) Thermos flask keeps hot liquid hot and cold liquid cold by
(a) Cooling
(b) Using coolant
(c) Preventing heat loss
(d) Heating
Ans: - (c) Preventing heat loss

G.R:

1) Thermos flask keeps hot liquid hot and cold liquid cold ---why?
Explanation: The silver coated surface becomes shiny, so it reflects all
the heat inside the wall, and it does not allow the heat to go out. And
the layer of glass wall thermo flask is thin, so it prevents the loss of heat
by conduction. Therefore, the thermo flask keeps cold liquid cold and
hot liquid hot.

2) Why is it suggested not to hold the thermometer by its bulb while

reading it?
Explanation: It is suggested not to hold the thermometer by its bulb
while reading it because the mercury may expand in the bulb and lead to
an incorrect temperature reading due to our body temperature.
3) While measuring the temperature, a few sharp jerks are given to
the clinical thermometer before using it. Why is it done so?
Explanation: The jerk to the clinical thermometer aims to get an
accurate temperature reading. The jerk will make the mercury flow
into the bulb and lower the mercury level below its normal
temperature.
4) Stainless steel pans are commonly provided with copper
bottoms…why?
Explanation: Copper has more conduction electrons compared to
stainless steel. It directs the heat evenly throughout the pan and
 heats it faster.
5) Explain why wearing more layers of clothing during winter keeps
us warm more than wearing just one thick piece of clothing.

Ans: In the winter, wearing more layers of clothing is better than just
one thick piece of clothing because:

• Air and clothes are poor conductors of heat.

• The air gets trapped between the layers of these cloth fibres and prevents
heat flow from our body to the cold surroundings. So, we feel warm.

6) A wooden spoon is dipped in a glass of hot water. Its other end

does not become hot…..explain

Ans: Conduction: Conduction of heat is generally in solid materials. Materials

such as copper, aluminium, etc., are a few examples of good conductors of
heat as they allow heat to pass through them. On the contrary, materials like
wood, glass, paper, etc., do not allow heat to pass through them, so they are
poor heat conductors. A wooden spoon dipped in a glass of hot water will not
absorb the heat as per the conduction concept.

Convection: Heat transmission occurs between liquids and gases in the

convection process.

Radiation: This process does not require any medium to transfer heat. Heat
waves are emitted by a hot object, which may be absorbed, reflected, or
transmitted through cold bodies. The Sun transmits heat waves through a
process called radiation.

So, A wooden spoon is dipped in a glass of hot water. Its other end does not
become hot.

7) At a camping pitch, there are tents of two shades – one made with
white fabric and the other with black fabric. Which one would you
choose for resting on a hot summer afternoon? Explain your choice.
Ans: a) During the hot summer afternoon, a white fabric tent will be
better for resting, as the white colour reflects sunlight, keeping the
tent cool.
b) The black colour absorbs sunlight and is suitable during winter to
keep warm compared to a white fabric tent house.