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Square and Square Root

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19 views

Square and Square Root

Uploaded by

amar ahit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Squares, Square Roots, Cubes and Cube Roots

3.1 Squares and Square Roots

Squares:

Definition

A number that indicates a number is multiplied by the number itself.

Examples: 22 , 92 , 52

Perfect squares:

Defintion

A number that is equal to the square of a whole number.

Examples: 1, 4, 9

Determine a number is a perfect square:

!
Perfect "can be written
square # as a product
$ of two equal factors.
Quiz View video m Notes Account

Example

144 = 12 × 12

= 122 .

144 is a perfect square.

Relationship between squares and square roots:

Finding the square and finding the square root are inverse operations.
Example

The square of 8 is 64.

The square root of 64 is 8.

8 × 8 = 64

Thus,

64 = 8×8

= 8.

The square of a number:

Example

Calculate:

(i)

32 = 3 × 3

= 9.

(ii)

2
2 2 2
( ) = ×
5 5 5

4
= .
25

The square root of a number:


Example

Solve:

(i)

121 = 11 × 11

= 112

= 11.

(ii)

25 5 5
= ×
49 7 7

2
5
= ( )
7

5
= .
7

Generalisation when two square roots are multiplied:

Square roots of the same numbers

The product of two equal square root numbers is the number itself.
a× a=a

Square roots of different numbers

The product of two different square root numbers is the square root of the product of the two numbers.
a× b= ab

3.2 Cubes and Cube Roots

Cubes:

Definition

A number is multiplied by the number itself three times.

Examples: 33 , 73 , 123

Perfect cubes:

Definition

A number equal to the cube of a whole number.

Examples: 1, 8, 27
Determine a number is a perfect cube:

Perfect cube can be written as a product of three equal factors.

Example

125 = 5 × 5 × 5

= 53 .

125 is a perfect cube.

Relationship between cubes and cube roots:

Finding the cube and finding the cube root are inverse operations.

Example

The cube of 8 is 512.

The cube root of 512 is 8.

8 × 8 × 8 = 512

Thus,
3
512 = 3
8×8×8

= 8.

The cube of a number:

Example

Calculate:
(i)

73 = 7 × 7 × 7

= 343.

(ii)
3
1
(− )
4

1 1 1
=(− )×(− )×(− )
4 4 4

1
=− .
64

The cube root of a number:

Example

Solve:

(i)
3
1 000 = 3
10 × 10 × 10

3
= 103

= 10.

(ii)

3 27 3 3 3 3
= × ×
64 4 4 4

3
3
( )
3
=
4

3
= .
4

Computation involving different operations on squares, square roots, cubes and cube roots:

1. Find the value of squares, square roots, cubes or cube roots.


2. Solve the operation in the brackets.
3. Solve the operations × and ÷ from left to right.
4. Solve the operations + and − from left to right.

Example

Calculate:

(i)
2
64 + 0.22
3

= 4 + 0.04

= 4.04.

(ii)
3
−64 × (53 + 0.12 )

= −4 × (125 + 0.01)

= −4 × 125.01

= −500.04.
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