GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

Technical Specification for

‘Design and development of dual fuel 1600 HP DPC engine for DEMU’

Page 1 of 26
1.0 Introduction:

1.1 Indian Railways plans to convert engines of Diesel Electric Multiple Units
(DEMU)/Diesel Power Car (DPCs) into dual fuel i.e. to work with diesel and CNG.
This work will be executed at Integral Coach Factory (ICF), Chennai.

IROAF, ICF, Nominated Zonal Railways and RDSO as per requirement, may be
associated with the conversion and proving out on load box as well as during field
trials.

1.2 This document presents the technical specifications for design, development and
supply of natural gas kit for conversion of a 1600hp diesel engine to dual fuel
mode.

1.3 Procurement of diesel engine to be used on a 1600 hp DEMU is guided by RDSO

Specification No.MP-0.08.00.102 (Rev.1 or Latest) of August’2012.The same may
be referred for base diesel engine characteristics broadly, which would be
provided/available on a DEMU. [Enclosed at Annexure 5].

1.4 The scope of this specification covers supply and fitment of CNG kit, CNG cascade
and associated accessories to ICF, Chennai for fitment on DEMU which is under
manufacture or planned for manufacture at ICF, Chennai.

1.5 Conversion has been envisaged to be done based on fumigation technology.

2.0 Project Objectives:

2.1 Tenderer would need to design, build, test, optimize and validate a prototype dual
fuel system including CNG storage system on a 1600 HP engine on its engine test
bed facilities and then after fitment of the same on the DPC.

2.1.1 Conduct a performance test and engine exhaust emission test on the diesel engine to
be converted on its test bed. Results of testing will form baseline for comparison.

2.1.2 Conduct performance test and engine exhaust emission test of dual fuel engine in
dual fuel mode, on its test bed after conversion following a similar protocol as in
2.1.1.

2.1.3 Expected test bed facilities on tenderers test bed-

2.1.3.1 Testing engine as per engine particulars, CNG storage and delivery system,
measurement facilities for regulated emissions viz. NOx, CO, THC, PM, smoke
opacity, Coriolis based mass flow measurement system for net diesel fuel
consumption and CNG consumption, measurement facilities for engine
performance parameters etc. to enable testing first in pure diesel mode and then
subsequently after conversion to dual fuel in diesel and in dual fuel mode.

Page 2 of 26
2.1.3.2 Should have capability of stepped control/variation in speed/torque etc. so that full
mapping of engine performance and emissions is possible in different load speed
combinations notch vise.

2.1.3.3 Should have electronic control devices to control and monitor the engine output and
performance parameters, sensors for temperature, pressures, safety equipment etc.

2.2 Delivery and fitment of natural gas kit on DPC at ICF including the CNG storage
and gas delivery system, safety accessories, sensors etc. as required.

2.3 Conduct comparison of the engine performance in diesel and dual fuel mode on a
load box duly ensuring working of all sensors, control devices, safety devices etc.

2.4 Reliability and verification testing during field trial for 2000 km in commercial
service in a zonal railway. The run should be without any major problem on DPC;
failing which the DPC would be rectified again and put on trial and period of trial
counted afresh.

2.5 Same design to be replicated in subsequent supplies.

2.6 The system should be sturdy and reliable in operation and incorporate components
that can withstand the environmental conditions as indicated in specification
No.MP-0.08.00.102 (Rev.1 or Latest) of August’2012.

2.7 Interfacing of electronic control unit, if any, of the dual fuel conversion kit with the
existing ECU if provided on the base diesel engine shall be the responsibility of the
tenderer.

2.8 Dual fuel DPC should have in built diagnostics and should run a full self diagnostic
on every power on; in addition it should also run diagnostics at regular intervals
even while the engine is in operation. This operation shall be transparent and should
not affect the normal working of the system. All faults should be logged for later
downloading to a PC/Laptop. Major fault conditions should be indicated by a
suitable indicator mounted on the ECU itself.

2.9 The conversion kit should be so designed, that no major modification to the existing
engine be required for its fitment. Even after conversion, automatic/manual
flexibility be provided to enable the engine to run in pure diesel mode on nominal
load in case of failure/no supply of natural gas to the engine.

2.10 It should be suitable for rail traction service which is characterized by wide,
fluctuating, cyclic load patterns, and extended intervals of operation at idle & full
load.

2.11 The complete system including the conversion kit, fuel storage system and allied
accessories, electronics and transducers to be mounted on the DPC without
affecting the accessibility, maintainability and operation of the engine and other

Page 3 of 26
 parts of DPC.

2.12 To ensure easy fitment, installation of CNG fuelled diesel engine and cascade to be
carried out in DPC as per indicative layout design of these Power Cars. (Ref.
Drawing No. CG – K5021 at Annexure 2).

However, based on weight calculation as per cascade weight, Motive

Power/Carriage Dte., RDSO may need to be approached for weight calculations and
clearance if required for prototype.

2.13 The entire system/materials should be of good quality and should have
clearances/certifications from CCOE, Nagpur, as applicable or other such
organizations of Govt. of India, which needs to be obtained by the tenderer.

2.14 No major modification should be required to be done on engine for fitment of

natural gas kit. The engine should not exceed the peak cylinder firing pressure limit
as defined by OEM in dual fuel mode.

2.15 The system offered should allow complete freedom and flexibility to program any
engine speed at any notch, by a simple change in the software. The system should
be designed in such a way, as to allow it to be adapted to different engine/ DPC
requirements in a variety of ways.

3.0 Safety Requirements:

3.1 Both the electronic, mechanical, gas supply systems of CNG fuelled diesel engine
be so designed that safety of components of DPC and personnel is not
compromised.

3.2 Electrical Cabling, fittings, motors, other electrical equipment should be fire
resistant, suitable for such operation and should conform to IR/ ICF specification
Wiring should be taken through a fire resistant conduit to prevent damage. There
should be no fire hazard from any type of electrical short circuit. Sensors, devices
should be shrouded with fire resistant and abrasion resistant materials and should be
routed through a proper conduit.

3.3 100% redundancy is desired for sensors and devices whose failure can lead to
unsafe operation of engine. For those sensors, where 100% redundancy has not
been provided, a fail-safe, fall-back strategy shall be adopted for all likely failures.
Failure of any single component/ sensor/ sub-system should not lead to a complete
shutdown of engine.

3.4 Gas detection, fire detection, exhaust fans etc. should be adequate and be installed
in cascade room as well in engine room. Gas supply should stop from cascade room
automatically (as well as manually override switch by driver) in case of shutoff,

Page 4 of 26
 engine stop, leak or fire is detected in cascade room or in engine room. Automatic
operation of safety devices for fast dispersal of gas in to atmosphere should happen
in such an eventuality.

4.0 Preventive maintenance:

4.1 No maintenance including inspection of any type shall be required before 120 days.
Tenderer shall specify preventive maintenance schedule required. Care shall be
taken by the tenderer to ensure that these schedules match the existing DPC
schedules, and least work content in these schedules would be preferred.

5.0 Scope of supply:

Broadly the scope of supply may consist of following items ,but not limited to:

5.1 Gas admission and throttle valves.

5.2 Gas injection control system.

5.3 Gas supply system mixer system of adequate capacity and gas train system
consisting of various stages pressure regulators, pressure relief valves, automatic
shut off valves, manual shut off valves etc. as required.

5.4 Additional air after cooler along with pump, radiator tanks and their accessories if
considered required.

5.5 Electronic knock and misfire control system if considered required.

5.6 Gas actuator with dual fuel control Unit comprising of Engine speed control,
exhaust temperature control engine temperatures control engine map control,
generator management and fuel management etc.

5.7 Complete set of piping’s, tubing’s, cable harnesses.

5.8 On board gas consumption meter.

5.9 One complete set of associated electronic components, transducers, sensors

,detectors, alarms, valves, switches etc. and adaptation parts for retro fitment on
engine of 1600 HP DPC.

5.10 Clearance certificates from CCOE, Nagpur or other government agencies if

applicable.

5.11 Any required software including diagnostic and installation software.

Page 5 of 26
5.12 CNG Storage system: CNG cascade consisting of 40 high pressure cylinders.
Cylinders indicative specification ;-Water capacity -50ltrs, Outer diameter- 232
mm, Wall thickness-7.0 mm, Length-1515 mm, Steel grade –seamless chrome
molybdenum steel. These specifications are indicative and successful tenderer may
offer CNG cascade /cylinders with better specifications. Cylinders in the cascade to
be firmly secured in their position to prevent any movement during run.

5.13 Gas detection system with audio/video alarm indications.

5.14 Automatic and fast gas dispersal system including suitable illumination fittings for
CNG cascade and engine room.

5.15 Tenderer may add components as required in its offer to supply a self-supporting
complete set to meet the requirement of successful operation of DPC.

6.0 Scope of work:

The following would be tenderer’s scope of work consisting as given below, but not
limited to:

6.1 Design, development, supply and fitment of various components as indicated

above.

6.2 Guidelines, material, training and fitment support to ICF for installation and fitment
of conversion kit including provision of high pressure leak proof pipelines joints
and other accessories, CNG Storage system, dual fuel kit and other accessories.

6.3 Fitment of pressure regulators, reinforcement members, base frame, supports

structure, modification required for placement of CNG storage.

6.4 Modification of air intake pipe to install air gas mixtures. CNG supply pipe from
CNG storage compartment to engine room should be over the roof of passenger
sitting area.

6.5 Installation of gas actuators and gas mixtures. Fabrication and fitment of HP pipe
line from CNG storage outlet to inlet of pressure regulator conforming to SS 316 or
better material suitable for 250 kg/cm2 pressure.

6.6 Installation of electronic dual fuel control unit with all its accessories, knock
controller, exhaust temperature sensors and all associated electrical wiring.

6.7 Provision of separate cooling system for after cooler by providing additional water
pump & motor, radiator, junction boxes and Low Temperature After cooler
expansion, re-routing of water lines, if considered as required.

6.8 Installation, fitment & testing of slam shut off valves, high pressure gas shut off

Page 6 of 26
 valves, low pressure gas solenoid valve etc. As required.

6.9 Installation, fitment & testing of at least two numbers of ventilation fans of
minimum 500 cfm along with flame proof motors and self supporting frames.

6.10 Installation, fitment & testing of at least two numbers of flame proof lights.

6.11 Installation, fitment & testing of for power supply arrangement to ventilation
motors, gas detector & flameproof lights.

6.12 Installation, fitment & testing of Gas leak detector & Alarm system comprising of
four sensors suitable for CNG storage area and four channel control monitor,
battery backup for at least 10 minutes, high dB horn, relay output for external
configuration, splash guard for sensors.

6.13 Wiring of all safety items in Cascade compartment ensuring all safety requirements
of men and material.

6.14 Re-routing of DPC wiring inside the coach.

6.15 Preparation of cascade compartment for installation of CNG cascade including

isolation of this area from passenger area of DPC.

6.15.1 Removal of 30 passenger seats from DPC passenger area and fabrication of a
double walled GI partition with mineral wool/glass wool packing between
passenger area and CNG cascade compartment for isolating passenger area from
CNG storage area.

6.15.2 Re routing of air ducting for traction motors from DPC floor to side wall if required
to provide space for placing CNG cascade

6.15.3 Cutting/rebuilding of roof of DPC if required for fitment of CNG cascade.

6.16 Soap testing of complete natural gas line for any leakage in the system. Portable gas
detectors to be used for detecting gas in engine room or CNG room.

6.17 Tenderer‘s expert should be available on DPC during trial for any on site repair and
monitoring. This would be jointly monitored by IR and tenderer during field trial
and warranty period. All problems noticed during this period shall be logged and
rectified by tenderer.

6.18 Any other work considered necessary to meet the requirement of successful
operation of DPC.

7.0 Calculation method of substitution % after fitment of conversion kit :

7.1 Engine will be run at all engine notches in sequence after thermal stabilization of
engine. Sufficient number of runs as required would be taken for data collection.

Page 7 of 26
7.2 Engine will be run in diesel fuel mode and net consumption of diesel fuel will be
measured by use of Coriolis based mass flow meters.

7.3 Engine will be run in dual fuel mode and net consumption of diesel fuel and natural
gas will be measured separately by use of Coriolis based mass flow meters.

7.4 At each engine notch amount of each fuel will be indicated in terms of kg/hr. This
mass flow will be multiplied by lower heating value of each fuel (viz.44 MJ/kg for
diesel and 54 MJ/kg for natural gas) to arrive at the energy consumption per hour.
Duty cycle energy per hour will be calculated by adding the energy consumed
through diesel fuel and natural gas on each notch and multiplied by respective
notch vise weighing factors as per the duty cycle.

7.5 Duty cycle energy consumption should be similar in dual fuel mode and diesel
mode or better.

7.6 Displacement of diesel by natural gas in dual fuel mode will be calculated as
following formula-

Diesel Displacement %=Total of weighted energy by natural gas*100 / Total

weighted energy.

8.0 Acceptance criteria :

8.1 Displacement of diesel fuel by natural gas, 20 % or more by energy content over the
duty cycle.

8.2 Engine performance and emission performance in dual fuel mode should be similar
or better than that in diesel mode over the duty cycle.

8.3 The brake specific energy consumption of the converted DPC should be similar or
better than that in diesel mode.

9.0 Inspection :

9.1 Inspection would be done at stage of 2.1.1 and 2.1.2 as defined above for successful
prove out.

9.2 At stage 2.2 as per purchase order for BOM.

9.3 At stage 2.3 after fitment on DPC and at the time of load box.

9.4 Subsequent to prototype clearance as defined in 2.5 and above except 9.1.

10.0 Training :

10.1 To arrange training to IR personnel during installation and commissioning of

equipment according to needs and requirements of diesel engine and DPC. This
should include training in manipulation of parameters provided in software and any

Page 8 of 26
 other requirements to obtain self-sufficiency for successful reliable operation and
maintenance of DPCs.

11.0 Confidentiality of test results:

11.1 All data that is generated as result of testing on engine and/or the test rigs by IR
shall automatically become the sole property of IR. No part of such information
shall be disclosed to any third party without proper written consent to IR.

12.0 Documents to be provided by tenderer :

12.1 Literature, Maintenance manual and operating instructions, spare part catalogues
(including drawing's reference parts) and tools catalogues as appropriate.

****************

Page 9 of 26
 Annexure 1

Typical Indian Railways operating duty cycle for DEMU

 Will be added shortly.

Page 10 of 26
 Annexure 2

Drg. of DPC CG-K 5021 indicating cascade position as approved by MP dte.

*Only for guidance.

Page 11 of 26
 Annexure 3
Indicative 1600 hp DPC layout drawing

Page 12 of 26
 Annexure 4

Engine particulars
Following are broad details pertaining to a 1600 HP Diesel Engine:

S. Description Details
No.
1 Rated Engine Speed 1800 RPM
2 Number and arrangement of Cylinders 16 cylinders, V-arrangement
3 Idling Speed 700 rpm
4 Specific Fuel consumption at nominal 221 g/kw hr
load
5 No. of Engines 2 Engines Per Rack
6 Temperature of Exhaust Gases at Turbo 1,346 deg. F (Max.)
Inlet at Rated Output
7 Method of Starting the Engine Electric Starter Motor
8 Water Pump One, with flow rate to match jacket water
and Low temperature aftercooler
requirements.
9 Fuel Injection Timing Variable with Engine Speed and Load
10 Number of Turbochargers Used Per 2
Engine
11 Engine Intake Air System 4 Air Cleaners.

 This is only indicative of a type of 1600 HP engine and may vary with actual.
 To be used only for guidance.

Page 13 of 26
 Annexure 5

Specification No. Mp- 0.08.00.102 (rev. - 01) August – 2012

Page 14 of 26
Page 15 of 26
Page 16 of 26
Page 17 of 26
Page 18 of 26
Page 19 of 26
Page 20 of 26
Page 21 of 26
Page 22 of 26
Page 23 of 26
Page 24 of 26
Page 25 of 26
Page 26 of 26