- , ,

, я
: .
26.07.2017 .

, -
- О ,
- . ,
- , 17-STR ,
.
, . .
, - ( ,
) „ ” ,
.
. (RТМСКЫНЬ ОЭ КХ., 2002), 3113
, - : ,
.

, ( ), , - MURKA
, -
. .
.
.

. ,
. ,
. - , „ “ .
,
.
.
, ,
, .
- ,
. . ,
, - ,
. ,
. - ,
, - . ,
. ,
, - .
. (1)

1
 ,
– , ,
, .
, ., 2015 .
Ю Ъ
.
26
24 138 106 855
1

.
A 0 0 0 0
B 0 0 0 0
- ,
HV,
C 0 1,5 0 0,2
D 4,2 8 0,9 0,4
E 0 0 0 0
H, T, T1, I, U, U1, U5, U5a1 А,
F 0 0 0 0
, . .
G 0 0,7 4,7 0 . B, F, C, Г,
H 8,3 18,1 25,5 41,9 D, R, J В, . (2)
HV* 4,2 1,5 0,9 3,5
HV0 0 4,4 0 3,7 U5a1a1.
HV1 4,2 2,9 0 0,2 , .
HV2 0 0 0 0,1 HV – 3 , U5 – 3, – 10, D – 3.
I 4,2 0 3,8 1,2 . (3)
J1 4,2 9,4 5,7 7 „ “
J2 0 2,9 0 7
„ “ –
K 16,7 8,7 3,8 5,9
- U4.
L1a 0 0 0 0,3

(IV – II . . . .): N1a, F2a, D, A, C,

M* 0 0 0 0,1
M1 4,2 2,9 0,9 0,1
G2, H, HV2, HV6, J, K, T1, U5a1.
( .
N1b 0 1,5 0 0,7
N1c 0 0 0 0
N9a 0 0,7 0 0
),
R* 0 0,7 2,8 0,4 - 4, M, K, R, H,
R0a 0 0 0 0,5
T* 4,2 3,6 3,8 … , ( )
T1a 4,2 2,2 … … ( 4,
T1b 4,2 0 5,7 1 4,3 M, ).
U* 4,2 0 0 0 (
U1a 0 5,1 5,7 … : , , -
U1b 0 0 10,4 U1 1,4 ) ,
U2d 0 0 0 0
, - : A10*,
U2e 8,3 2,2 5,7 1,4
U1 , U2О, U3, U4, U4d1, U5 1, U5Л, , K, K2b, H, H6, J, W,
U3 0 4,4 9,4 1,6
Z1.
, ,
U4 4,2 0,7 1,9 3,9

: A, C, Г, D, G.
U5 4,2 7,3 5,7 6,7
U6 0 0 0 0
U7 8,3 0 0 0,5
(4)
U8b 0 0 0 0,2
A, C, Г,
W 4,2 2,9 0,9 2,8
(V . . . . – V .
X 4,2 6,5 1,9 2,1 . .).
Y 0 0,7 0 0 , „ “,
Z 0 0,7 0 0,1 ( )
, . KОвЬОЫ .,
2009 ., 10 (XV - XIII . . . .), 4
(XIII - VIII . . . .), 12 ( VIII . . . . – I . . . .) 6
(II . . . . – V . . .), : 26 -
, . 20 U2, U4, U5a1, T1, T3, T4, H5a, H6,
HV, K, I, 6– Г, G2К, C, F1Л N9К. 10
Y- . , 9 R1a 1– 3.
, , , . (5)

1 http://www.ancestraljourneys.org/ironagedna.shtml
.

2
 (IV – II . . . .), -
: A4, C, D, D4Л1, D4j2, F1b, F1d, M10a1a1a, N1b1a, ,
H2a1, H5b, H8c, I3, J1c2, J2b1a6, T1a, T2b, U2e, U5a, U5a1a1, U5a1a2b, U5a1b, U5a2a1, U5a2b, U7, W3a. (6)
- , 31 .
- C, M6, D4М1, F1Л,
H, K, T, U. (7)
, .(
Karos-EpОЫУОЬЬгöР III), - A12, B4d1, B4/5 ( ), Б2П,
Ormenykut – , SгОРЯКЫ-Oromdulo – K1c1d, Mozs-Szarazdomb – , Oroshaza-Gorbics tanya
Szabadkigyos-Palliget - N1a1a1a1a, Besenyotelek-Szorhat - N1a, Szarvas - N9a, Fadd-Jegeshegy – R. (8)
( ) - ,
- : I4a, D4m2, H1c21, K1a3, W1c, X2i.
. . ,
( - ), .
- U (U*, U2, U5, K), - H, D. (9)
,
- : H, V, U, U3, JT D, . .
20% - , , D, Г, , ,
, . M, C, D, Z.
, - , . ,
. 89,9% : HV, H, V, J, T, U, R1, N1К, N1Л,
N1М, А, Б. A, B, C, D, F, G, В, Г, M* N9К, 10,1%
, -
, –
.
: (4,6%), (0,8%) , (0,7%),
: (5,8%), (4,8%), (1,3%), (5,7%), . (1,5%)
(1,5%), D . , (2,5%), (2,6%),
(4,2%), . (8%), (4,8%), (0,7%), (4,1%), (0,9%)
(3,8%), F (0,7%) (1,5%), G
(1%), (1,5%).
: : (23,4%), (35,1%),
(14,3%), (8,3%), . (18,1%), (27,6%), (36,8%), (18,7%),
(25,5%), (21,4%), HV* (1,5%), (8,1%), (4,2%), .
(1,5%), (1,3%), ( ) (3,3%), (0,9%), (3,1%), HV0,
(1%), (0,7%), . (4,4%), HV1, (1,5%), (1,3%), (4,2%),
. (2,9%), (1,9%), (0,8%), HV2, (2,7%), (0,8%), (1,5%), І,
(2,2%), (2,7%), (7,8%), (4,2%), (2,9%), (3,2%),
(3,8%) (3,8%), J1 , (1,5%), (5,4%),
(5,2%), (4,2%), . (9,4%), (3,8%), (1,3%), (10,6%),
(5,7%), (4,6%), J2 , . (2,9%),
, (3,7%), (2,7%), (3,9%), (16,7%), .
(8,7%), (4,8%), (8,4%), (7,3%), (3,8%), (3,8%), L1a,
(0,8%), *, (0,7%),
(1,5%), 1, (0,7%), (4,2%), . (2,9%), (2,9%),
(0,7%), (3,3%), (0,9%), (0,8%), N1b, (1,3%), . (1,5%),
(0,8%), N1 , (2,7%), (0,7%), N9 , (1,6), . (0,7%), R*, (5,9%),
(3,9%), (1,9%), (5,2%), (3,3%), (2,8%), . (0,7%), R0 ,
(5,4%), *, (0,7%), (8,1%), (10,4%), (4,2%), . (3,6%),
(2,9%), (6,5%), (5,7%), (3,8%), (6,9%), T1a, (3,7%),
(5,4%), (1,3%), (4,2%), . (2,2%), (1%), (1,9%),
(4,1%), (2,3%), T1b, (2,7%), (1,3%), (4,2%), (0,7%),
(5,7%), U*, (2,7%), (4,2%), U1 , (5,7%), (2,7%),
(3,9%), (1%), (7%), (1,6%), (5,7%), . (5,1%), (1,5%),
U1b, (0,7%), (0,7%), (1,6%), (10,4%), (2,3%), U2d, (1,5%),
(2,6%), U2 , (2,2%), (1,3%), (8,3%), . (2,2%),
(5,7%), (2,6%), (4,9%), (5,7%), (2,3%), U3, (7,3%), (10,8%),

3
 (1,3%), (11,4%), (4,5%), (6,5%), (9,4%), (6,9%), U4,
(5,1%), (14,3%), (4,2%), . (0,7%), (1%), (1,9%),
(0,8%), (1,9%), (3,1%), U5, (7,3%), (3,9%), (4,2%),
. (7,3%), (10,5%), (9,7%), (2,4%), (5,7%), (4,6%), U7,
(1,3%), (8,3%), (0,7%), U8b, (1,3), (4,9%), W, (5,1%),
(3,9%), (4,2%), . (2,9%), (3,8%), (4,5%), (3,3%),
(0,9%), (6,1%), X, (9,5%), (2,7%), (13%), (4,2%),
. (6,5%), (5,7%), (3,2%), (1,6%), (1,9%), (2,3%), Y, .
(0,7%), Z, (1,9%), (1,6%), . (1,7%), (2,3%).
, - ,
. (10)
, 2

- .
, „ ” ІІІ – V
. , 7,5
(1,5% 0,2%), . , D,
(0,4%) (8,4%), (4,2%)
(0,9%). G , 0,7%,
4,7%. „ ” - ,
, .
, -
(41,9%), , - (25,5%),
- (18,1%), - (8,3%).
, .
V HV* (3,5%), -
(4,2%), - . (1,5%) (0,9%), HV0
(3,7%) . (4,4%), HV1 (0,2%),
, , -
(2,9%) (4,2%), - . HV2
, 0,1%. І ,
(1,2%), (3,8%) (4,2%). J1 ( )
, (7%), (5,7%), (9,4%), (4,2%),
. J2
(2,9%) (7%), . .
(5,9%), (3,8%), (8,7%), -
(16,7%). L - , ,
, , , `
, , -
. 1 - (0,1%)
(0,9%), (2,9%) (4,2%). N1b
(0,7%) (1,5%), N1 , N9
. (0,7%). R* (0,4%)
(0,7%), - (2,8%)
. R0a (0,5%), (5,4%), . .
. , ,
. U - , U2 ,
- (1,4% 2,2%),
5,7%, - (8,3%). U3 ( )
- (1,6%), (4,4%) (9,4%), U4
- (3,9%) (4,2%), U5 (6,7%)
(5,7%) (7,3%), U8 ( 0,2%)
. (1,3%) (4,9%). W
(2,8%), (2,9%), (2,1%)
(1,9%) - ( 6,5% 4,2%) Z
(0,1%) (0,7%).
2 . - , ( ) , ( )
. , .

4
 ,
. ,
( / ) , ( )– .
, ( ) / ,
, ,
.
– , -
, ,
- , .
.
- ( 55 ) : H –
27,3%, V – 7,3%, U – 43,6 %, U* - 1,8%, U3 – 1,8%, U4 – 16,4%, U5 – 14,5, U8 – 1,8%, K – 7,3%, J – 5,5%, I –
1,8%, T – 3,6%, T1 – 3,6%, N1a – 1,8%, M – 7,3%, M* - 1,8%, D – 3,6%, – 1,8%. (228
): – 30,7%, V- 3,9%, HV – 0,9%, U – 29,4%, U* - 2,2, U1 – 0,9%, U2 – 0,9%, U3 – 2,2%, U4 – 7%, U5 –
10,5%, K – 5,7%, J – 7,5%, I – 0,9%, T – 9,2%, T1 – 2,6%, W – 1,8%, N1a – 0,4%, N1b – 1,8%, N9 – 0,9, R – 0,4%,
M – 8,8%, M* - 2,2%, C – 1,8%, Z – 0,4%, D – 2,6%, G – 1,8%, – 3,1%, . – 0,4%. (11)
,
-
, . - .
- ,
. ,
(G, A) , (M, C, D)
- . ,
- . ,
- , ,
- .
, . -
, .
/
H HV V U U* U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U7 U8 K I J T T1 T2 W N1a N1b N2 N9 R M M* C D Z G A
41,9 3,8 1,5 22,1 … 1,4 1,4 1,9 3,9 6,7 0,5 0,4 5,9 1,2 7,9 10,6 4,3 6,3 2,8 0,7 0,7 2,8 0 0,9 0,9 0,1 0,2 0,4 0,1 0 0
27,3 0 7,3 43 1,8 0 0 1,8 16,4 10,5 0 1,8 7,3 1,8 5,5 3,6 3,6 0 0 1,8 0 0 0 0 7,3 1,8 0 3,6 0 0 1,8
30,7 0,9 3,9 22,4 2,2 0,9 0,9 2,2 7 14,5 0 0 5,7 0,9 7,5 9,2 2,6 6,6 1,8 0,4 1,8 0 0,9 0,4 8,8 2,2 1,8 2,6 0,4 1,8 3,1
49,3 4,1 4,1 16,4 2 4 4 1 4,1 11 1 11 5,5 2,7 5,5 5,5 2,7

***
,
,
, , , ,
. , -
, .
, , ,
, .
. (2015 .), ,
, - ,
„ “( ) , -
, - , . . . .
, .
,
, .
. .„ - “ ,
„ “ ( )
. ,
. , , ,
, .

5
 , „ “,
, 3 .
( . .) ,
. , , .
,
„ “ ,
, - (1390–1403 .) – (
, ).
, . .
- , ,
, , - ,
( ). - , -
, , , , ,
, , , , , ,
- , , , -
– . , -
(12) , , !
.
. , ,
- , .
, ,
. . ( ) ,
. ,
( ) . ,
. - ,
, . -
, , - ,

3 bulgamak – , bulgan – .

6
 - , , ,
. . .
-
, . .:

№ / - я
1. Nojarevo [NJ 50] H1r1 16111 16173 16183 16278 Nesheva 2015
2. Nojarevo [NJ 54] J1b1a1 16069 16126 16145 16172 16222 16261 Nesheva 2015
3 Nojarevo [NJ65] H7f 16168T 16195h Nesheva 2016
4. Nojarevo [NJ 77] HV1 16055 16067 Nesheva 2015
5. Nojarevo [NJ 84] T2 16126 16274 16294 16296 Nesheva 2015
6. Nojarevo [NJ28] U4a2b 16223T Nesheva 2016
7. Nojarevo [NJ48] U4c1 16179T 16356C Nesheva 2016
8. Nojarevo [NJ108] H1an2 16325C Nesheva 2016
9. Nojarevo [NJ 125] H2a2a1 CRS Nesheva 2015
10. Nojarevo [NJ126 ] H14b1 16126C Nesheva 2016
11. Tuhovishte [TUH 448] H13a2c1 16148 16256 Nesheva 2015
12. Tuhovishte [TUH 449] H5 16304 Nesheva 2015
13. Tuhovishte [TUH 474] H CRS Nesheva 2016
14. Tuhovishte [TUH 1649] H2a2a1 CRS Nesheva 2015
15. Tuhovishte [TUH 1652] T 16126 16294 Nesheva 2015
16. Tuhovishte [TUH 1644] T2g2a 16126C 16189H 16193H 16325C Nesheva 2016
17. Tuhovishte [TUH 1665] H1a2 16219 16325 Nesheva 2015
18. Tuhovishte [TUH2327] H CRS Nesheva 2016
19. [Monastery of Mostich MM 1.2] H1t1a1 16092 16142 16266 278 Nesheva 2015
20. [Monastery of Mostich MM 1.3] U3 16343 Nesheva 2015
21. [Monastery of Mostich MM 1.4] J 16069 16126 Nesheva 2015

- ,
, . : I , II
( ), III ( ), IV ,V
- , VI . , VII - .
: ( . )
H, U, W M.

- I II III IV V VI VII
H 0.2857 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2222 0.3333
U 0.5714 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.7778 0.6667
W 0 0.2 0 0.1 0.2 0 0
M* 0.1429 0 0.2 0 0 0 0

, (IV), - (VII)
(II) ( ) ,
. . -
, ,
H U, W. (H, U, W)
. , W , . .
. (2015). -
. (13)
. .:
1– .
H1r1 - , .
H1t1a1 – , H1Э (
„ “).
H1a2 - 1 ,
.
H1an2 – , , .

7
 H2a2a1 – , H2 ,
( ), H2К1 ( ).
H5 - - , 20% , ,
( ) . H5К
.
H7f – , , .
H13a2c1 – , , , .
H14b1 – .
HV1 – , .
J, J1b1a1 – , ,
, .
R1Л . J1Л1К1 -
,
, T2 – , , ( , ,
), , ,
R1К , R1Л
, . . T2К1Л1К
(5000 . . . ., , ).
, , . 2 .
T2g2a – , , ( ).
U3 - U3 6% , Й
.
. , Y- . R1a.
U4a2b, U4c1 – , , ,
, , , R1a .
, - ,
U1, U5, , -
. ,
, . .
, , , !
. ,
– .
, - 1 , ,
, HV1. H2
, J, T, U4. 5, 13, 14, U3
. - , - ,
, .
, .
, - . ,

. . - - ,
. , ,
. VІІІ – . ,
- ( ). 13 - ,
– ,
, , . ., .
, . , -
VІІІ ., ., .
.
, . . , ,
. ,
, , ,
, ( - .
, .
. , , ,
. ІІ- ІІІ .,

8
 , ІV .
, .).
, , „ “, - ,
– .
4, , ,
- , . ,
. , - ,
, - : H, V, U, U3, JT D,
. . 20% - , ,
D, Г, , , , . M, C, D, Z.
,
- . ,
( ) , , .
.
. ,
,
475-80 . ( ,
),
, , .
/ ,
, . ,
. , ,
, . ( , )
,
„ ( )“,
(
, ) І
., - .

, ,
„ “ , -
.
, ,
,

,
, -

.
- . , –
.
, . ,
„ “ . (14)
- : H, HV, U1, U3b, W.5 Y- E1b1b1a1b (Z1919), J2a (M410)
R1b1a1a2a2 (Z2103).
. (Martin Sikora 2014),
( ) „ “ , . , ,
. : (Iceman),
(brana1) , (ajv70),
(gok4) , (K8) (P192-1) -
U3b. (K8),

4 „ - “. . : . A .„ ,
- “. : http://www.chitatel.net/forum/topic/17649
5 . : http://www.ancestraljourneys.org/ironagedna.shtml

9
 ( . ), 500 – 400 . . . ,
(P192-1) ,
800 – 500 . . . .
( , – , , , , ).
.
( , , ), ( ) - ,
, . . . ,
- , ( ) - ,
( / / )
. -
( - ). (15)
. (2016 .) , 12
, ( . ) ( ),
(III . . . .).
, „ “ 1. BM4 H6a1a
, 2.
3.
BM6
BM36
H7a1a
N1a1a1a
. 4. BM40 T2e2a
, ( ), 5. BM44 HV0
, , 6.
7.
BM61
BM68
J1c
K1c1
. 90- . ., 8. BM69 H
„ “ - -3. (16) 9. BM73 H
- , 10. SM4 J1c

. . . .). ,
11. SM8 U5a1
(1200–1100 12. SM24.2 HV1a'b'c
,
- (3500–3000 . . . .), (3300–2700 . . . .).
, - ,
, .
, 2400 1300 . . . .,
. ,
, ( - (?)
- . 1300 . . . . ,
,
, (
). . (17)
- .: H6К1К, H7К1К, N1К1К1К, T2О2К, HV0,
HV1К'Л'М, J1М (2 ), K1М1, H (2 ), U5К1. (18) N1a1a1a.
, . , .
, . , . . , , :
„ ( ) - C, D Г, В- . C, N Q,
,
. ,
. .
, . Y- .
- , , .“ (19)
( ) .
( , Y-
), , ,
, , ?
,
( - Y- ) . , , . / .
, „ “ . ,
!
, , ,
,
- ,
„ - “ „ “.

10
 , ,
„ - “ .

., - ,
, 80- .
. – , „ “
„ - “ ,
!6 , „ “
, . (20)
. ,
, .
: 1.
,
. 2. ,
( , , ) , ,
. - „ “. 3.
.
, . .
, .
, , ,
. , , .
- , , ,
, ,
, . (21)
,
. .
, . 40% 60%, , ,
, ,
, , ,
. ,
, ( ).
- , Y- . ,
- , , -
. „ “
- ,
. , !
( Y- . . ), , .
60%,
( E1b1, G2, I2, J1, J2, T) 30%, ( -
R1a, I2 – , N1a), , ,
(Q1, C2).
(R1a R1b), - I1, -
( R1a R1b, Q1 C2). , , -
„ “ Y- , 10%, - .
R1a (Z93),
! „ “ !
,
. ,
. ( 1956 ., 1956 ., 1955

6 , , , , , , ,
, ,
( , ).
„ “, , , ,
. , , ,
!

11
 .) - 7,

. .
. (22)
PОКЫЬШЧ Trotter – Gleser, 157-166
168-177 , . . ,
. , . / 175-78 /163-64.
, ,
. ,
. “ ” 175-180
165 . (23)
II – IV . , -
159-181 142-165,5 .
, .
: , ,
, , 8. . ,
25 , , .
, 175 197 . (24)
, -
. “ ” , -, ,
- . PОКЫЬШЧ, TЫШЭЭОЫ – GХОЬОЫ, ,
.: 167,9, 168,7, 167,5 – 161,4, 163,7, 161,6 .
- - . (25)
- , ,
, , ! ,
, , , !
, ,
, , -
.
, - , ,
,
„ “ !
, , , ,
,
, , ,
.
,
- ( , , ) ,
, .

(1) . . . 2015., . 130, 135-136.

(2) Unravelling migrations in the steppe: mitochondrial DNA sequences from ancient Central Asians C. Lalueza-Fox, M. L. Sampietro,
M. T. P. Gilbert, L. Castri, F. Facchini, D. Pettener and J. Bertranpetit. 2004 The Royal Society, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B (2004) 271, 941–947,
DOI 10.1098/rspb.2004.2698
(3) . . , . . , . . , . . , . . , . . , . . , . . , .
. IV-II . . .
. :
www.sati.archaeology.nsc.ru/

7 - , , -
, , - . ,
, , , , , , , .
. , , ,
, ( ), , - , ,
, - , , . -
“ ” ( , )
.: . . EНаART. 2011:
http://antropology.academic.ru/
8 – - ,
( ) .

12
 (4) Human migrations in the southern region of the West Siberian Plain during the Bronze Age: Archaeological, palaeogenetic and
anthropological data. Vyacheslav I. Molodin, Alexander S. Pilipenko ([email protected] ), Aida G Romaschenko, Anton A. Zhuravlev, Rostislav O.
Trapezov, Tatiana A. Chikisheva, Dmitriy V. Pozdnyakov.
(5) . . . : . :
http://rakhmet.blogspot.com/2012/07/blog-post.html
(6) Der Sarkissian, C. Mitochondrial DNA in ancient human populations of Europe. Thesis (Ph.D.), University of Adelaide, School of
Earth and Environmental Sciences. 2011: https://digital.library.adelaide.edu.au/dspace/bitstream/2440/74221/8/02whole.pdf
(7) Maternal Genetic Ancestry and Legacy of 10th CenЭЮЫв AD HЮЧРКЫТКЧЬ AЫКЧФК CЬőЬг, AЧЧК SгцМЬцЧвТ-NКРв, VОЫШЧТФК CЬпФвШЯп,
PцЭОЫ LКЧРя, VТФЭяЫТК BяНТЬ, KТЭЭТ KöСХОЫ, GвöЧРвЯцЫ TöЦöЫв †, MОХТЧНК NКРв & BКХпгЬ GЮЬгЭпЯ MОЧНО www.nature.com/scientificreports
(8) Revising mtDNA haplotypes of the ancient Hungarian conquerors with next generation sequencing EЧНЫО NОpКЫпМгФТ, KХКЮНТК
KШМЬв, GпЛШЫ EЧНЫО TяЭС, ГШХЭпЧ MКЫяЭТ, TТЛШЫ KКХЦпЫ, PцЭОЫ BТСКЫТ, IЬЭЯпЧ NКРв, GвöЫРв PпХПТ, EЫТФК MШХЧпЫ, IЬЭЯпЧ RКЬФя, КЧd TТЛШЫ TöЫöФ :
http://biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2016/12/07/092239.full.pdf
(9) (AЫКЧФК CЬőЬг), (PцЭОЫ LКЧРя), (BКХпгЬ GЮЬгЭпЯ MeЧНО), (AЭЭТХК TüЫФ).
.
. II- 13-17
2013 ., . . , . , , , 2013, . 231-241
(10) .
В- , ALU- . 03.02.07 – ,
" ", . 2010., .16-19:
http://ibg.anrb.ru/LitvinovSS.pdf
(11) M. A. Bermisheva, K. Tambets, R. Villems, E. K. Khusnutdinova. Diversity of Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroups in Ethnic
Populations of the Volga–Ural Region. Molecular Biology, Vol. 36, No. 6, 2002, pp. 802–812., . 808, . 2.
(12) I. NКЬТНгО, E. В. S LТЧР . MТЭСШМСШЧНЫТКХ DNA КЧН В-chromosome Variation in the Caucasus. 2004.
(13) , , , . - -
(65 , ). . „ “ 72.:
http://nauka.bg/2014/72/Koga-i-otkude-navlizat-indoevropeicete-v-Evropa-2014.pdf
(14) . -
. . , 2006 (80-81), . 14-15, 25:
http://z3950.ksu.ru/referat/100506_8.pdf
(15) Population Genomic Analysis of Ancient and Modern Genomes Yields New Insights into the Genetic Ancestry of the Tyrolean
Iceman and the Genetic Structure of Europe. Martin Sikora1*, Meredith L. Carpenter1, Andres Moreno-Estrada, Brenna M. Henn, Peter A.
Underhill, Federico Sanchez-Quinto, Ilenia Zara, Maristella Pitzalis, Carlo Sidore, Fabio Busonero, Andrea Maschio, Andrea Angius, Chris
Jones, Javier Mendoza-Revilla, Georgi Nekhrizov, Diana Dimitrova, Nikola Theodossiev, Timothy T. Harkins, Andreas Keller, Frank Maixner,
Albert Zink, Goncalo Abecasis, Serena Sanna, Francesco Cucca, Carlos D. Bustamante, PLOS Genetics, May 2014, Volume 10, Issue 5.:
http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article/asset?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.1004353.PDF
(16) . . (55 - ). . „ “, . 1-2,
2015 ., . 33-48.
(17) , , , . , 1, ,
. .„ “, , 2011., . 111-128.
(18) . . .( ).
. 2016, . 5, 7, 9-10, 38.
(19) Sena Karachanak-Yankova*, Desislava Nesheva*, Angel S. Galabov, Draga Toncheva. Distribution of East Eurasian Y-
Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroups across Eurasia: Insights into the Genetic Ancestry of Bulgarians. Advances in
Anthropology, 2015, 5, 205-266 Published Online November 2015 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/aa
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/aa.2015.54019
(20) .
.: http://www.bulgari-istoria-2010.com/booksBG/Boyan_Dumanov%20_TRAKI.pdf
(21) . - .
- .: http://www.bulgari-
istoria-2010.com/booksBG/Komatarova-Kremacii.pdf
(22) . . . , 2000., .168
(23) . . 1953., .62-69
(24) . . . , 2000., .168-207)
(25) . , . , . . .
, 1987., . 85, 103, 138 : http://www.bulgari-istoria-2010.com/booksRu/Gerssimova_Rud_Jablonskij_Antropologija.djvu

13