103

STUDY SKILLS II -

Essay
How do you use theinternet as a Resource?
1. Introduction

We have probably heard a lot about the Intemet. It can help us get huge amounts
of information on many topics. The Internet is an immense system of computers
that are linked together to swap information As new Internet users or "newbies,
students willeam what the Intenet looks like from desktop icon to the different websites
or Worldwide Web (Vwww) places that get information. Students will also learn
how to search tor tamiuly support resources on the
Internet.
2. Explanation
The Intemet is a definite resource we can turn to. The Intemet is a global computer
network which not only offers excellent communication facilities but also serves as a
source of a vast range of information. When online one can interact and share
information. There are a plenty of websites which one can view and access. Search
Engines make it easier for the user to find the relevant websites. The popular Search
Engines are Google, Bing, Yahoo, Duck Duck Go, Baidu and Internet Explorer.

3. Online search

Online search is the process of interactively searching for and retrieving required
information via a computer from databases that are online. Interactive searches
became possible in the 1980s with the advent of faster databases and smart terminals.
1Oday, searches through web search engines constitute the majority of online
searches.

4. Steps for Online search

Choose the word or words that best describe the topic we are looking for. Go
online and type the chosen keyword or keywords into the search field and press
the enter key. Search results will appear. Alist of possible leads from websites with
web addresses appears. Click on the required entries and the link will take us
automatically to those web pages.
5. Know the Keyword
We should be clear about what we are looking for and decide on the key search
Word. lf we choose a general keyword, the search result will be a huge list. We
choose specific word /words. Keyword searching is the most common form of text
SEarch on the web. Most search engines do their text query and retrieval using
keywords. Essentially, this means that the search engine pulls out the pages
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and are significant.

Words that
are a
matching the query,
Ontaining the words it finds are repeated several time
document and
words that nes
nentioned on the top of a important.
a r e more likely
to be deemed
throughout the document

6. Conclusion
was available onl once
of connected computers,
Internet, global
The system
a
communities. Now the greatly publicized
to the Government, academic and research
interest and
with time, curiosity
information superhighway is accessible
to anyone

The last decade has witnessed an explosion of internet activity.

Paragraphs
1. Write a paragraph on "The Internet".

Ans: Reproduce Paragraphs 1& 2 from the Essay.

2. Write about "Online Search".

Ans: Reproduce Paragraphs 3 & 4 from the Essay.

Activity 1 (Page No. 95)

Search for the keyword(s) given below:

a) Mask b) Computer c) Tamil Nadu

aMask
We cannot erase all of the personal info that is out on the web. But we can hide
in plain sight. Accurate information can be used by stalkers and
cyber criminas,
while incorrect data that casts us in a bad
light can cost us a promotion, a joD o
even our business. There are seven
ways to mask our Internet identity.
1. Commit social media suicide
2. Stop data miners in their tracks
3. Use data removal service
a

4. Hide your IP address

5. Don't blindly agree to "terms of
service"
6. Create multiple identities
7. Don't delete, overwrite
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b) Computer

A Computer is an electronic device that manipulates information, or data. It nas

the ability to store, retrieve, and process data. You may already know that you can
use a computer to type documents, send email, play games, and browse the Web.
We can also use it to edit or create spreadsheets, presentations and even videos.

c)Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu is one of the 28 States of India. Its capital and largest city is Chennai.
Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian subcontinent and is bordered
by the Union Teritory of Puducherry and the South Indian States of Kerala, Kamatka,
and Andhra Pradesh. ltis bounded by the Eastern Ghats on the north, by the Nilgiri
Mountains, the Meghamalai Hills, and Kerala on the west, by the Bay of Bengal in the
east, by the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait on the southeast, and by the Indian
Ocean on the south. The State shares a maritime border with the nation of Sri
Lanka.

The region was ruled by several empires, including the three great empires
Chera, Chola and Pandyan empires, which shape the region's cuisine, culture, and
architecture. After the fall of Kingdom of Mysore, the British Colonial rule during the
modern period led to the emergence of Chennai, then known as
Madras, as a
metropolitan city. Modern-day Tamil Nadu was formed in 1956 after the reorganization
of States on linguistic lines. The State is home to a number of
historic buildings,
mufti-religious pilgrimage sites, hill stations and three World Heritage sites. Tamil
Nadu is the tenth largest Indian state by area and the sixth
largest by population. The
economy of Tamil Nadu is the second-largest state economy in India with Rs.18.54
lakh crore (US$260 billion) in gross domestic
product with a per capita GDP of
Rs.214,000 (US$3,000). It ranks 11th among al Indian states in human
development
index. Tamil Nadu is the most urbanized State in India, and one of the most
industrialized States
Activity 2 (Page No. 96)
aSearch for the keyword(s) given below and note down the number of
entries displayed.
Cooker
A COoker is a large box-shaped device which is used to cook and heat food by
puting the incredients inside and placing a weight it on the top.

As soon as pressure develops inside, the steam pushes the weight to produce
stle sound. Cooking is completed after three or more whistle sound.
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direct
sunlight to heat
to heat,
coo
of urrently in
in us
en ergy currently
Solar Cooker the
Many solar cookers
C O O K e r s

pwerfuloor
uses solar
which Many powerful
device are as
are
is a materials. some

Cool
A solar cooker other
food althougn
solar
cookers can
ook
drink and devices,

or
pasteurize low-tech
large-scale

to operate, man
perate, ma
i n e x p e n s i v e ,
advanced, nothing
cost
are relatively cookers,
and
fuel
and order to help redure
traditional
use
no in
expensive.a s Because they worldwide

and
desertification

people. their u s e
for hundreds of
d e f o r e s t a t i o n

promoting
are down
o r g a n i z a t i o n s
slow
non-profit and to help
pollution,
air
fuel costs and
food without any out any cookinn
cooking
Solar Cooker
our
cook solar enera.
Box Type
like a hot
box. We can
cooker
works
with the
rgy
c o o k e r is This four to five persons
persons.
A solar box wood. food for
electricity,
coal o r
bake and
roast
situations, ete
kerosene, can boil, Emergency
gas,
which is free. In solar cooker we goers,
Army
Camps,
cooked
this cooker
in this cooker they
suitable for farmers,
picnic
peanut fry
when
more
nutrient value i
it is macaroons,
and
like cakes, to digest is trapped inside
Special recipes cooked
foods a r e
easy
in India,
heat

good. Solar
Manufacturered

through a glass.
taste
Solar Cooker
In Box Type
preserved.
absorbed by the plate the relevant
enclosed box which is check if you get
the below and
keyword/s) given
Search for the
b)
information.

wire ropes or
i) Crane with a hoist rope,
machine, generally equippe materials and to
move
A crane isa type of to lift and lower
be used both them to
and sheaves that c a n
things and transporting
chains
used for lifting heavy mechanical
them horizontally. It is mainly or m o r e simple
m a c h i n e s to create
device uses one Cranes
other places.
The normal capability of a human.
thus move loads
beyond the of
advantage and for the loading and unloading
industry
commonly employed in the transport materials and in
the
movement of
industry for the
are
construction
freight, in the of heavy equipment.
manufacturing industry for the assembling
ii) Truck Crane
It is a self-propelle
also called Truck-Mounted Crane.
Truck Crane is working sectio
machine mounted on a truck body, with
a
loading, unloading unloading
rotating cantilevered boom. It is used for the loading and
consisting of a
stock, for cargoes primarily of a heavy and single-l
motor vehicle rolling
with

end
for construction and repair work. Equipping the operating
nature, and also
bulk

unloading
a clamshell bucket permitS use of the crane for loading and pow
cargoes.
electrical, hydraulic, or mechanical with
The drive of cranes can be
take off from the engine. Truck-mounted cranes are produced with load capa
tons.
of 2.5 to 16
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The boom extends from 2 to 12 metres, with auxiliary devices in

truck-mounted cranes ith high load capacity the boom can be extended upto 22
metres.

c) lfyou are looking for "crane'" from the field of Zoology, how will you refine
yoursearch?
Answer fl am looking for cranefrom the field of Zoology, I will refine my search
as follows:
Animals, birds, common crane are found in the field of Zoology.
Crane Refer
Refining the search: Refer

Activity 3 (Page No. 97)

Search for the keywords given for the tasks.
Mango Pickle

The pickling process in India differs from other regions mainly due to an additional
spice mixture added to them after an aerobic fermentation. Pickles are main side
dish. However, raw mango or tender mango is the most popular variety of fruit used
for pickling. There are two types of mango pickles namely whole baby mango pickles
and cut mango pickles. Whole baby mango pickle is a traditional variety very popular
in Southerm India and uses baby mangoes that are few weeks old. Baby mangoes
are pickled using salt, vegetable oil and a blend of hot spices, in a very careful process

which ensures that pickles are preserved for months.

Essay1
How do you define the terms (i) Refining (ii) Extending (iii) Limiting

(v) Précising your search.

1. Introduction
'roots' spiders,
or which spend their
All search engines have what are called
Internet. When they finda new site or an
time going from link to link across the
about the site back to their home
some information
updated site, they will copy when we run a search. People
database. It is this database, which is interrogated
means that they usually get
can register their web pages with search engines which
for the spiders to come across them.
sted much more quickly than waiting
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Refining the search

2 and "adva
types of
searches-"basic"

vanced", Inaa
Most sites offer two different

basic" search, we just enter a

keyword
without
pull-down
shifting through any pull-dovn
searche menus
U
of additional options.
Depending on
the engine though "basic" searches can be
differ from one search
engine
a.

Advanced search
refining options to
quite complex. abilty to search on more
include the
another, but some of the
possibilities one
term than we give to another, and to
word, to give more weightto
one search exclude
also be able to search on proper
Words that may give wrong
results. We may names,
that are in close proxXimity
to otner search terms.
on phrases, and on words

3. Extending the search

the two key terms we can extend.our
word 'OR' inserted between
By using the
search. This topic describes how to extend
search to include other sites, how
extend search to include scope, how to extend search to include facets and howt
to
extend search to include Media Library items.

4. Limiting search

By typing the word 'AND between two keywords, we can limit our search and get
relevant pages. After doing a search we can use the catalogs limit options to fine-
tune the search and adjust the results. Limiting is a good way to narrow the results
of a large search to a manageable number. Limits can be used with any type of
search. The Limit/Sort Search button orthe
Modify Search button appears atthe
top of the screen after we have done a Search. For musicians, two kinds of limiting
are used most frequently: limiting by words in the author,
limiting by material type
5. Precision search

Effective searching
takes precision. This section shows us how to
perform
several steps to make our searching more precise. We will turn
up more sources
that are useful to us and perhaps, sources that
may be even crucial to our
question. With other tasks and searches, precision searching may researc be less
ss

important.
6. Conclusion

The Intermet today contains billions of

websites. If one has to search for a ar
topic, it becomes almost impossible to find it, as one paru
is aware of a few
hundred sites. possibly
 Paragraph»)

the aearoh
1. Explain Refinlog
Ans: Reproduco 'aagiapN onn he aoay
Extending the search
2. Explain
Reproduce Paragraph 3 fronn the esnay
Ans:

3. Explain Limiting search

tho

Ans: Reproduce Paragraph 4 Irom the essany.

4. Explain Precising in your soarch.

Ans: Reproduce Paragraph 5 from the essay

Essay 2)
What are the Resources for e-learning?
1. Introduction

World Education uses

technology-enabled learning solutions to improve reach
and access to
high quality training and technical assistance. World Education's
instructional designers collaborate with content experts to develop
courses from concept to production.
training and online
2. Plagiarism

Plagiarism is using another's words or

thoughts as one's
It derives from
own.
the Latin meaning 'to
kidnap'. A plagiarist is a literary kidnapper. It has been said that
the copy from one book is
plagiarism, but to copy from four books is research. Voltaire
had this to say about 'honest
plagiarists'. All the makers of dictionaries, all compilers
who nothing
do else than repeat backwards and forwards the opinions, the errors,
tne impostures and the truths already printed, we may term plagiarists. honest But
plagiarists, who arrogate not the merit of invention. Plagiarism may be intentional or
eCKIess or unintentional. Under the regulations for examinations, intentional or
reckless plagiarism is a disciplinary offence.
3. Issues of
Plagiarism
e must acknowledge every source of information either as a quote or in reported
speech
citing the source of information.
2
e n we take information from the internet, it should be a reliable source (a

3. Sned article). For example, Wikipedia is not a source which can be quoted.
We must provide
4. Expressing the Bibliography.
aa sCng thoughts and point of view is important.
our
successful presentation. Originality is the key to
 110

5. Reference work is essential. When we refer to books on

the ubject,
subject, we
we ui
will see
been expressed.
thoughts have already
that some of our
and Conclte
three parts. Introduction, Body usion.
6. Every piece ofwriting should have We do not have to rea.
are looking for. ada
W e mustfocus on the information we
the Contents' page does not have u what
reference book from cover to cover. if
must check the Index
and we will find the page number
er of
we are looking for, we
the subject / topic of interest to us.

4. Conclusion
Most of our ideas and some of our phrasings come from others. VWe can hardh
ly
talk or write without to some extent parroting the ideas of others, OCcasionally even
in their exact words, though quite unconsciously or unintentionally. The greatest
temptation to plagiarize is in a research paper.

Paragraphs
1. What is Plagiarism?
Ans Reproduce Paragraph 2 from the essay.
2. What are issues of Plagiarism?

Ans: Reproduce Paragraph 3 from the essay.

Essay 3
What are e-learning resources of Government of lndia ?
1. Introduction
Electric content ore-content which is also known as digital content refers to the
content or information delivered over network based electronic devices or that is
made available using computer network such as internet. Well
developed e-content
can be delivered many times to different learners.

2. Audio-Video e-content

With the advent of Internet and Worldwide

Web (WWW), the access
information has become very easy and the entire world is
moving towards digitizano
Twenty first century students learn in a global classroom and within
not necessarily
sarily witn
four walls. They are more inclined to find
information rnet

through mobile phones and computers, or chatting with by accessing

the Intern
friends on a social netwo
site. The advancements in
technology and the
innovative digital devices and tools have a
plethora of powertu
great potential to improve educationa
 111

outcomes.
oltcomes. Ed ducators must understand that the use of digital content and devices
will improve teachi and learning and thus enhance educational opportunities and
willimprove teaching
benefit the
the millennial.This course on E-Content development is meant to
henefit millennial.
nderstand the meaning and standards of E-Content, learning objects, designing9
und

and development of digital resources for teaching and learning. SWAYAM, NPTE
curriculum classes, DIKSHAande-skill India are Audio-Video e-content, e-learning
resources of India'.

3. Digital Content E-Journals & E-Books

The availability of e-journal portal and e-books portal over Internet is emerging as
a modern tool for retrieving and delivering the contents more quickly, efficiently and
effectively. In order to make optimum use of e-journals and e-books, the e-portal that
are the best options to the librarians as well as users for retrieving the contents in the
most convenient fom. Today, almost 90% of journals/ books are existing woridwide
that are individually available on Intemet. But the thousands of e-journals portal and
e-books are available through a single window of e-joumals/ books portal for serving
to the libraies and information centres. E-journals and e-books are called by various
names such as e-journal, electronic journals; Internet based serials, online journals,
e-serials, electronic serials, e-books and electronic books, etc. But the tem e-journal
and e-books has become a standard name for calling the electronic journals. e
joumals are defined as "they are available electronically via a computerora computer
network, that they may or may not be published in some other physical medium but
that they are not CD-ROMs or diskettes.

Conclusion

The e-portal and e-journals gradually and slowly are marching towards to
becoming an acceptable, affordable and necessary tools technique for retrieving
information stored in e-journals and e-books to anybody, anytime and anywhere.
The importance of e-journal portal in providing information service is very significant
in today's context.

Paragraphs
1. Write a note on "Audio-Video e-Content".
Ans: Reproduce Paragraph 2 from the Essay.
2. ri a note on Digital Content access journals and e-books.

Ans: Reproduce Paragraph 3 from the Essay.