TOPIC 2: ORGANISATION OF THE ORGANISM

Complete the table to describe the function of each organelle and state which type of Draw and label the structures of an animal and a plant cell
cells they are present in

Found in:
Organelle Function
Plant Animal
Cells Cells

Nucleus Controls the activities of the cell ✓ ✓

Place where many chemical reactions occur.

Cytoplasm Contains organelles (e.g. ribosomes, RER, & ✓ ✓
vesicles)

Contains chlorophyll & essential enzymes to

Chloroplast ✓ ✗ Which organelle Identify the mitochondria (M) and rough
produce glucose by photosynthesis
would you expect a endoplasmic reticulum (R) from the image
cell with a high below
Cell Wall Supports & protects the cell ✓ ✗ rate of metabolism
to have and why?
Mitochondria. Cells
Controls movement of substances in & out of
Cell Membrane ✓ ✓ with high metabolic
the cell
rates, such as
muscle cells,
Contains cell sap. Presses out on the cell wall require more
Vacuole ✓ ✗
to maintain shape energy to be
released from
Rough respiration R
M
Endoplasmic Contain ribosomes to synthesise proteins ✓ ✓
Reticulum
KEY WORDS: ASSESSMENT:
Organelle
Ribosomes Synthesise proteins ✓ ✓ Nucleus
Chloroplast
Site of aerobic respiration to release Vacuole
Mitochondria ✓ ✓ Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
energy
Mitochondria
Ribosome
 TOPIC 2: ORGANISATION OF THE ORGANISM
Complete the table to describe the function of the specialised cell and explain how it is Define the following terms and give 2 examples of them
adapted:

Term Definition Examples

Cell Function How is it specialised?

A group of cells with similar Muscle tissue,

Movement of mucus in the Layer of tiny hairs to move Tissue structures, working together to palisade
Ciliated Cells
trachea the mucus perform a shared function mesophyll layer

Absorption of water & ions Long extensions to increase Structure made of a group of Heart, lungs,
Root Hair Cells Organ tissues, working together to kidney, roots,
in roots of plants surface area
perform specific functions leaves

Transport water & support No cytoplasm or end wall, so Group of organs with related Digestive system,
Xylem vessels Organ
the plant water can move freely functions, working together to Circulatory
System
perform body functions system

Cells tightly packed together

Palisade Mesophyll Site for photosynthesis
& contain a lot of chloroplasts For each image state, with a reason, if the diagrams below are
organelles, cells, tissues, organs or systems
Long axon and many branched
Conduction of nerve endings to pass the signal
Nerve Cells
impulses (e.g. reflexes) quickly and to many other
nerve cells

No nucleus & biconcave - more

Red Blood Cells Transport of oxygen room for haemoglobin & Organ → structure made up of
Tissue → group of cells different cell and tissue types.
oxygen of the same type Performs a specific function
KEY WORDS: ASSESSMENT:
Tail for swimming, lots of Tissue
Sperm Cells Reproduction
mitochondria for energy Organ
System
Specialised Cell
Large size, energy stores, & Ciliated Cell
Egg Cells Reproduction chemicals to prevent multiple Root Hair Cell
sperm entering Palisade Mesophyll
 TOPIC 2: ORGANISATION OF THE ORGANISM
What is the equation triangle for calculating How many micrometres (µm) Convert the following units to complete the table:
magnification? in a millimetre (mm)?

1mm = 1000µm mm µm

10 10,000

3 3000

27 27,000

The actual length of this mitochondrion 4 4,000

is 6µm. What is its magnification?

M=I÷A 0.8 800

I = measured length of image 21.5 21,500

I = 45mm = 45,000µm

M = 45000 ÷ 6
Calculate the length of
M = x 7500
one cell from this image
Calculate M from the
black bar.
M = 8000µm ÷ 50µm
M = x 160
This a mosquito stinger. It has
been magnified x4. What is its
actual length?
I = 15mm = 15000µm
A=I÷M A = 15000 ÷ 160
A = 94µm
I = measured length of image
I = 30mm
KEY WORDS: ASSESSMENT:
A = 30 ÷ 4 Magnification
A = 7.5mm Image Size
Actual Size
Millimetre
Micrometre