CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Click Start INTERNATIONAL EDITIONCAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS University Printing House, Cambridge CB2 8S, United kingdom One Liberty Plaza, 20th Floor, New York, NY 10006, USA 4477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia 314-321, 3rd Floor, Pot 3, Splendor Forum, Jasola District Centre, New Delhi ~ 110025, India 79 Anson Road, #06-04/06, Singapore 079906 Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge. It furthers the University's mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of ‘education, learning and research at the highest international levels of excellence. wovw.cembridge.org Information on thistle: www.cambridge.org/9781108951869 (© Cambridge University Press 2021 This publication isin copyright. Subject to statutory exception ‘and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, ‘No reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambricige University Press. First published 2021, 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10987654321 Printed in Malaysia by Vivar Printing ISBN 9781108951869 Paperback Cambridge University Press has no responsibilty for the persistence or accuracy ‘of URLs for external or tirparty internet websites referred to in this publication, ‘and does net guarartee that any content on such websites is o wil remain, ‘accurate or appropriate. Information regarding prices, travel timetables, and other {actual information gven inthis work is correct atthe time of fist printing but Cambridge University Press does not guarantee the accuracy of such information thereat, tis illegal to reproduce any part ofthis work in material form (including photocopying and electronic storage) except under the following circumstances: ()) where you are aoiaing by a licence granted to your school or institution by the Copyright Licensing Agency: (il) where no such licence exists, or where you wish to exceed the terms of a licence, and You have gained the written permission of Cambridge University Press: (il. where you are allowed to reproduce without permission under the provisions of Chapter 3 of the Copyrignt, Designs and Patents Act 1988, which covers, for example, the reproduction of short passages within certain types of educational anthology and reproduction forthe purposes of setting examination questions. Every effort nas been made to trace the owners of copyright material included in this ‘book, The publishers would be grateful for any omissions brought to their natice for ‘acknowledgement in future editions of the book.Introduction The international edition of Click Start: Computing for Schools is designed around the latest developments in the field of computer science, information and communication technology. Based on Windows 7 and MS Office 2010, with extensive updates on Windows 10 and MS Office 2016, the series aids the understanding of the essentials of computer science including computer basics, office applications, creative software, programming concepts and programming languages. Each level of the series has been designed keeping in mind the learning ability of the learners as well as their interests, Efforts have been made to use examples from day-to-day life, which will help the learners to bridge the gap between their knowledge of the subject and the real world. The books are designed to offer a holistic approach and help in the overall development of the leamers, Snap Recap: Probing questions to begin a chapter and assess pre-knowledge Learning Objectives: A list of the learning outcomes of the chapter Activity: Interactive exercise after every major topic to reinforce analytical skills and application-based learning Exercise: A variety of questions to test understanding Fact File: Interesting concept-related facts to improve concept knowledge Quick Key and Try This: Shortcuts and useful tips on options available for different operations Glossary: Chapter-end list of important terms along with their definitions You Are Here: Quick recap Lab Work: Practical exercises to enable application of concepts through learning-by-doing Project Work: Situational tasks to test practical application of the concepts learnt Who Am I?: Biographies to inspire young learners Sample Paper: Practice and preparation for exams The aim of this book is to make learning fun and to help the learners achieve a certain level of expertise in this fast-changing world of computer science.Bim 1, Whats compu 2: Explain thers ~ np, process Snap Recap Probing questions to ‘ begin a chapter and ope amine ble assess pre-knowledge Aire ves caper Srvvaean tee 6. Wate peng en? Learning Objectives A list of the learning outcomes of the chapter Activity Interactive exercises after every major topic to reinforce analytical skills and application-based learning Find owato i Fido shu he dic ype rine itd nyu sho etre Ties ne a at tn wn Exercise A variety of questions to test understanding You can also acess the Personalization window by ‘aking the following path Start == Control Panel =e! Personalization cption Quick Key and Try This Shortcuts and useful tips on options available for different operations Fact File Interesting concept-related facts to improve concept knowledgeGlossary Chapter-end list of important terms along with their definitions You Are Here Quick recap Lab Work Practical exercises to enable application of concepts through learning-by-doing Project Work Situational tasks to test practical application of the concepts learnt Sample Paper Sample Paper Practice and preparation for exams Who Am I? Biographies to inspire young learnersD7 Know Your Computer.nn © Input devices © Output devices © Central Processing Unit © Computer memory © Specific applications of computers © Limitations of computers D2 Using Windows nnn © Desktop background © Screen Saver © Setting Date and Time © Windows Explorer © Accessories 0.3 MS Word 2010- Formatting Text © Fonts © Highlighting text © Borders and shading eText alignment 04, Fun with Tux Paintin p> © Using Stamp tool © Opening a new Drawing Canvas ‘Viewing pictures asa slide show Printing a picture D5 MSWLogo - Drawing Polygons and Circles. Drawing two lines with an angle Drawing a square Drawing a triangle PENUP (PU) command © PENDOWN (PD) command PENERASE (PE) command PENNORMAL (PN) command HIDETURTLE (HT) command « SHOWTURTLE (ST) command © REPEAT command How to draw a circle © How to draw an are How to save a MSWLogo picture - BMP or GIF Cantents »»> DG MSWLogo- Using PenColors and PenSizes nnn 79 pp © SETPENSIZE command SETPENCOLOR command coloring an object Checking the status of the turtle 1°27 MSWLogo - Text Commands and Arithmetic Operations » MAKE command » SHOW command © PRINT command © LABEL command > TYPE command + Arithmetic operations in MSW Logo 102 0G Introduction to MS PowerPoint 2010. pp © Starting MS PowerPoint 2010 Components of the MS PowerPoint 2010 window Creating a new presentation Saving a presentation Worked example MS PowerPoint 2010 views Running a slide show Opening an existing presentation Printing a presentation Closing and exiting MS PowerPoint 2010, Sample Paper.Know Your é Computer LEARNING OBJECTIVES You will learn about: * input devices — keyboard, mouse, joystick, light pen, touch screen, scanner, barcode reader, digital camera and web camera * output devices — monitor, printer, plotter and speakers 1, What is a computer? 2. Explain the terms ~ input, process and output. 3. What is computer hardware? 4. What is software? Discuss the various types of software. 5. Using suitable examples, explain * the central processing unit the difference between computer * primary and secondary memory hardware and software. + specific applications of computers 6. What is an operating system? + limitations of computers Introduction You use different parts of a computer to get information. The words you read on the computer screen are written using the signals from the keys you press on the keyboard. The file you save or open is on the hard disk. Different parts of a computer are used to obtain different types of information. You will now learn more about the basic parts of a computer and their functions. Input devices The devices that give data or instructions to the computer are called input devices. The most commonly used input devices are the keyboard and mouse. <Keyboard The keyboard is a commonly used input device. It allows the user to input letters, numbers and other characters into a computer. s It operates like a typewriter, but has many additional keys. It can do Keyboard many things that a typewriter cannot. Unlike other keyboards, the Optimus Tactus keyboard does not have any physical keys and has no fixed size and shape. Any part of the keyboard can be programmed to perform any function or display any image. Mouse As you move the mouse on a mouse pad, a small Pointer arrow moves on the screen. The arrow you see on the screen is the pointer. The mouse is also known as a pointing device. The pointer follows the movement of the mouse. x The pointer follows the movement Mouse with a roller ball: A roller ball allows of themonse the mouse to move on a flat surface. eo Roller ball ‘There are various types of computer mice. Here you will learn about two basic types of computer mice. Optical mouse: Optical mice are much more commonly used now. They use a light source to detect the ~® movement of the mouse. This in turn Mouse with a roller ball allows movement of the pointer on \ \ the screen. ee Optical mouseJoystick A joystick is a vertical handle which can be moved ) forwards, backwards and sideways to control a machine. It —_ is a pointing device that works like a computer mouse as it is used to move the pointer on the computer screen. It is Joystick often used for playing computer games. Touch screen A touch screen is a computer screen that acts both as an input and output device. It is sensitive to the touch of a finger or stylus. We interact with the computer by touching text or pictures displayed on the screen. This is another way of giving input to the computer. Based on the selection made on the screen, you will get the output. A good example is an ATM screen. You can touch different options to help you take money out of the bank. Many laptops are now available with touch screens to make our feschiscrern work easy. Scanner A scanner is a device that transfers data — such as hand-drawn pictures or text, photographic prints, posters and magazine pages — into the computer. This is done by converting the input document image into a digital format which can then be fed into the computer. pean The scanned data can be edited or modified in the computer. Barcode reader A barcode is a set of lines of different thicknesses that represent a number. Most packaged products in shops have barcodes on them.A barcode reader is used to read the barcode given on a package and feed the information into the computer. The number is then used by the computer for preparing the bill with relevant nm details of the item including name, quantity il and price. j Mh Barcode reader 67 Digital camera A digital camera records images in a digital form which can be stored in a computer. These images in the camera can also be printed. Digital cameras are also used for video recording. Digital camera Web camera A web camera records moving pictures and sound, and allows these to be broadcasted on the internet as they happen. It is used mainly for video chatting and video conferencing. Web camera Output devices The devices that display a result or information are called output devices. This information is displayed on the monitor. It can also be printed on paper using a printer. Monitor A monitor is also known as a Visual Display Unit (VDU). It is an output device that looks like a television. It displays both text and pictures. The output that is displayed on the monitor is called the soft copy. There are three main types of monitors available for computers.the oldest type of monitor that look like an old bulky television set. They are heavy in size and less expensive. Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) monitors: CRT monitors are = Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) monitors: en, LCD monitors have replaced CRT monitors as they are thinner, lighter and occupy less space. LCD technology is currently used in making screens for televisions, laptops, calculators, etc. The only disadvantage is that the picture loses its clarity when we try viewing the screen from different angles. Light Emitting Diodes (LED) monitors: This is a better technology than CRT and LCD and is now used everywhere. They consume less electricity as compared to CRT and LCD monitors. The screen displays images very clearly. Flat screen monitor Since LED and LCD monitors come in a flat screen display, they are also known as flat screen monitors. Printer A printer gives the output on paper. It prints exactly what is seen on the screen. The printout from the printer is called the hard copy. Based on the technology used, printers can be classified as impact or non-impact printers. Hard Copy Impact printer: This uses the typewriting printing mechanism where there is a direct contact between the paper and the print head, for example, dot-matrix and character printers. Dot-matrix printer: It has a matrix of small pins that are moved around on the page to form a pattern of dots depending on the type of image or text to be printed. These are not commonly used anymore, but have limited special purposes Dot-matrix printer << in some businesses.Non-impact printer: This does not touch the paper while printing. It uses chemical, heat or electrical signals to print the symbols on paper. For example, inkjet, deskjet, laser and thermal printers. These are the most common types of printer used at home and in offices. Inkjet printer: This usually prints in color by spraying out small dots of ink onto the paper. It works faster than the dot-matrix printer and produces better quality images. Inkjet printer Laser printer: This uses a laser beam to print on paper. This type of printer is very fast and images are high quality. Laser printer Plotter This is a device that draws pictures on paper, based on the commands received from a computer. Plotters differ from other printers as they draw lines using a pen. They can produce continuous lines, where other printers can only print lines as a closely spaced series of dots. Large printouts of drawings can be made on paper using plotters. Plotter Speakers Speakers generate sound, based on the input given, which the listener can hear. Speakers of specific range are built in to all computers and laptops. If the sound is required to be audible to a large group of listeners, then speakers of higher frequency can be attached as an output device to the computer. SpeakersFind out about the different types of printers installed in your school and write a few points about each. Ask your teacher for help or use the internet. Central Processing Unit Once information is sent to a computer by one of the input devices, it is processed. The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the brain of the computer. It processes the information. The CPU is divided into three parts: 1. ALU stands for Arithmetic Logic Unit. It carries out all mathematical and logical calculations. 2. CU stands for Control Unit. It controls the flow of information in the system. It works like a traffic policeman who controls the traffic on the road. 3. MU stands for Memory Unit. It holds the processed and unprocessed data. Memory is a container that holds the data of a computer. Computer memory A computer has a huge storage capacity. The storage capacity of a computer is called its memory. It enables the computer to store data and instructions. As you measure distance in kilometres, time in seconds, weight in kilograms, the memory is measured in bytes. FACT FILE The computer converts data into the smallest unit, known as a bit (binary digit). The computer understands only two types of bits, 0 and 1. Bits are usually assembled into a group of eight to form a byte. 8Bits = 1 Byte 1024 MB = 1 Gigabyte (GB) 1024 Bytes Kilobyte (KB) 1024 GB = 1 Terabyte (TB) 1024 KB 1 Megabyte (MB)There are two types of computer memory: primary memory and secondary memory. Computer Memory Classification of computer memory Primary memory Primary memory is necessary for a computer to work. It is also called the internal memory. It is the main area where data is stored. The stored data can be recalled and processed by the CPU. The end result is displayed on the output device. There are two types of primary memory: RAM and ROM. RAM RAM stands for Random Access Memory. It holds instructions for the computer, its programs and the data. Information can be read on RAM and written or changed onto s it. Hence, it is also known as read/write ‘Tao memory. However; it is temporary in nature. Therefore, it is also called volatile memory. The stored data disappears when the computer is shut down. That is why you are always advised to save your work. To check the primary memory (RAM) of your computer: Go to the Control Panel ==> System and Security => System What is its unit and capacity?ROM ROM stands for Read Only cisco Memory. Information can only be read from it and not written ROM is the memory created by the or changed. The information computer manufacturer. Users can program it contains is the Basic Input- or create a part of their ROM called Output System or BIOS, which Programmable ROM (PROM). However, is used to load the operating once recorded PROM cannot system. ROM is the built-in be changed. memory of a computer. The stored Erasable PROM (EPROM) is a type & data does not disappear even of memory where the information when the computer is shut down. can be erased or changed. Therefore, it is permanent in Ss nature. It is also called non-volatile memory. Secondary memory When you work on a computer, it stores information temporarily. As soon as it is shut down, the information is lost. So you need a place where you can store data on a long-term basis. This will ensure that data can be used when required. The memory where the data is stored on a long-term basis is called the secondary memory. The information stored is not lost even when the computer is shut down. It is also known as the backup memory or the external memory. It is stored in places other than the primary memory of a computer. For example, on hard Platter disks, compact discs (CDs), flash drives, Blu-ray discs, multimedia cards, etc. Head Hard disk A hard disk can store lots of data and provides relatively quick access to that data. The data is stored on an electromagnetically charged surface or set of surfaces. The hard Structure of a hard disk drive a> disk is generally fitted inside the CPU box. Computers are available with a hard disk that has storage capacity in terms of gigabytes (GB) and terabytes (TB). A hard disk is made up of a collection of discs called platters, These are stacked on a cylindrical rod. Each rod has data recorded electromagnetically in concentric circles or tracks on the disk. Tracks are further divided into sectors. A head reads or writes the information on the tracks with the help of the Hard Disk Drive (HDD). A portable hard disk (also known as a portable hard drive) is a mass storage device designed to be easily transported and externally connected to a computer. Portable HDDs are available that can store up to 2 TB (2 Terabytes = 2048 GB) of data. Advantages of a hard disk 1, It stores a large amount of data. 2. Itis highly reliable as it is less prone to data damage. Disadvantage of a hard disk It is quite expensive. Compact Disc A Compact Disc (CD) is a portable, round dise used for recording, storing and playing audio, video, text and other information in a digital form. It was originally developed to store sound recordings. Later, it also allowed the preservation of other types of data. A standard CD has a diameter of 120 mm. It stores up to 80 minutes of uncompressed audio (737 MB of data). A mini CD or pocket CD has a diameter ranging from 60 to 80 mm. These can store up to 24 minutes of audio. Different types of CD |. CD-ROM: The data can be written once but read any number of times using a CD-ROM drive fixed into the CPU of the computer. Compact disc2. CD-RW: Can be used for both reading and writing data. The written data can be erased and new data can be written on it multiple times. 3. CD-R: It can record data or music only once. Advantages of aCD 1. It is easy to use. 2. It has high storage capacity. Disadvantages of a CD 1. It is sensitive to heat and light. 2. It is more prone to data damage. Digital Versatile Disc A newer technology, the Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), stores a minimum of 4.7 GB of data and is used for playing movies. A DVD drive is needed to use the DVD. Like CD and DVD, a Blu-ray disc is also a circular disc that is used as a storage device. It is used for recording and playing video in high-definition (HD). It can store up to 25 GB of data due to the blue-violet laser technology it uses. It requires a Blu-ray reader to be fitted into the computer where it is being used. Blu-ray Disc DVD Multimedia card Blu-ray disk A multimedia card is a portable (easily carried from one place to another) storage device the size of a postage stamp. It is used in mobile phones and digital cameras for storing data. It can be easily removed and used for transfer of data to a computer. The multimedia card is inserted into the card reader and is connected to the computer through the Universal Serial Bus (USB) cable. Multimedia cardFlash drive A flash drive is a small, portable memory card that plugs into a computer’s USB port. It functions as a portable hard drive that can be used for sharing and transferring data. It is small enough to be carried in a pocket. It can be plugged into any computer with a USB drive. It is easy to use. A USB flash drive has a large storage capacity, generally in terms of gigabytes. It does not contain any internal moving parts. It is small in size and highly durable. A USB flash drive is also called a thumb drive, pen drive, key drive, or simply a USB drive. Advantages of a flash drive 1. Itis portable. 2. It has high capacity for data storage. 3. It is less likely to have data damage. Flash drive Disadvantages of a flash drive 1. It is more likely to be lost due to its small size. Online data storage Online data storage or internet data storage is a technology that allows people to store their data on the internet. It is an effective method of sharing data with others. Another advantage of online data storage is that it is easy to expand. Whenever you reach the maximum capacity limit, you can simply purchase additional space for storage. No additional hardware is required. Many websites like Google and Dropbox provide their users with this facility. Specific applications of computers Computers have become an important part of our lives. They are used in almost every industry such as banking, science and technology, and medicine. You will now learn about the different applications of computers.Education Computers are commonly used for teaching and learning. An efficient storage and effective presentation of information is made easy by computers. Any topic can be made more interesting by combining text with suitable audio-visual effects with the help of a computer. Computers in a school Children can also prepare project reports, assignments and presentations with the help of computers. Computers are used in libraries for keeping a track of the issue and return of books, catalogue of books available, etc. Science and Technology Computers are used for the collection and analysis of data, experiment and research processes, etc. Computers help in the prediction of natural disasters like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, and people can be forewarned to avoid casualties. Artificial satellites and spacecrafts are monitored and controlled with the help of computers. Computers in science Medicine Computers are used extensively in the industry of medicine. These are used to maintain and process medical records of patients for future reference. Computerised equipments are used for diagnostic tests, surgeries, etc. They are also helpful in monitoring the condition of patients. Computers in medicineBusiness Computers are used to maintain files and databases. They are also used for communicating information to clients through video conferencing, PowerPoint presentations, etc. These can be used for maintaining records, generating bills in grocery shops, sending emails for faster communication, maintaining stocks in the inventory, etc. Computers in business Music Computers are very useful for musicians. They can compose tunes and find the best settings automatically. Sounds of different instruments can be generated easily using computers. Entertainment Computers are used to make motion pictures with a lot of special effects. Special effects, such as a sequence of a battle, can be created using a computer. It is now possible to make cartoon films much more quickly than in the past with the help of computer animation. Animation is a technique that Computers in entertainment gives a character the appearance of movement. Computers can also be used to modify the pictures to suit your requirements. Multimedia Multimedia is a computer-based interactive communication process. It is a medium with multiple content forms such as text, graphics, sound, animation, video and still images integrated together. An example of multimedia is a web page about a sports match that includes text regarding the various players along with match commentary and videos of some replay actions. Computers in multimediaMultimedia applications Multimedia is a very effective communication tool. It is used: 1, in business, as a presentation and sales tool 2, in homes, for entertainment and games 3, in education, for teaching and training 4. in public places, for advertising, spreading information, etc. Limitations of computers The following are some of the limitations of working with computers. Garbage in, garbage out: Though computers are programmed to work efficiently, fast and accurately, they are programmed by humans to do so. Without a program, the computer is nothing. Computers only follow the instructions given. If the instructions given are inaccurate, then their processing and the output generated will also be inaccurate. No decision making power: A computer cannot take decisions on its own, It only does tasks it is instructed to do. No self-intelligence: A computer is able to do work which is not possible for humans. A computer is used to do difficult, risky and dangerous work where precision is needed. But it does not have any intelligence of its own. It only works according to the instructions given. Match the boxes by coloring them alike. 1. Hard disk a. Web camera 2. Short term memory b. Secondary memory 3. Looks like a TV c, Printer 4, Used for video chatting d. Monitor 5. Prints on paper e. RAMGLOSSARY - ALU Stands for Arithmetic Logic Unit. It does mathematical and logical calculations. Bytes A unit used to denote the storage capacity of a computer memory. CU Stands for Control Unit. It controls the flow of information in the system. MU Stands for Memory Unit. It holds the processed or unprocessed data. RAM Stands for Random Access Memory. It stores the data temporarily and is called as volatile memory. ROM Stands for Read Only Memory. It stores data permanently and is called non-volatile memory. Visual Display Unit The computer monitor. . Input devices help to feed data or instructions into the computer. The keyboard is an input device which operates like a typewriter. It has many additional keys. . The mouse is another input device. It is also known as a pointing device. The most common type of computer mouse is an optical mouse. 4. Output devices give the result or the information. The most commonly used output devices are computer monitors, printers, plotters and speakers. nN w al Once information has been sent to a computer by one of the input devices, it is processed by the CPU. 6. The memory unit is the storage area of a computer. The computer has a large storage capacity. This capacity is measured in terms of bytes. 7. Primary memory is also called internal memory. It is the main area where data is stored in the computer. Secondary memory is also called external memory. Here the data is stored on a long-term basis. Computers are used in many areas like education, science, business, music, entertainment and multimedia. 10. A computer can only work based on the instructions given to it. It does not have decision-making capacity and does not have an intelligence of its own. e >EXERCISE Iw A. Give full forms of the following. 2. VDU a — 7. LED a ) 4, RAM 9. MU B. Solve the crossword using the hints given below: Across 2. It does mathematical and logical calculations in a computer. w . It gives the output on paper. 2 . Itis a unit of the computer memory. Down 1. These are stacked ona cylindrical rod in a hard disk. as It is temporary in nature. . Itis permanent in nature. It is used to start the operating system in a computer.C._ Fillin the blanks with the correct word. F | output pointing permanent speaker CPU volatile . The joystick and mouse are .. The. . The printer and speakers are ..... ROM is . RAM is also called .. A. . devices. is also known as the ‘brain of a computer’. .. devices. . in nature. -. memory. oy awn .. iS an output device that generates sound waves. True or false? 1. Each key is expressed in terms of a bit. 2. Multimedia is a computer-based interactive communication process. 3. A flash drive is a portable storage device about the size of a postage stamp. 4. ABlu-ray disc stores a minimum of 4.7 GB of data while a DVD stores up to 25 GB. LLLL Give one word for the following. 1. It operates like a typewriter, but has many additional keys. 2. It uses light to detect the movement of the mouse. ae 3. A set of lines of different thicknesses that represent a number. . 4. Another name for Visual Display Unit. 5. Adevice that prints pictures on paper, based on the cons received from a computer. 6. Acircular magnetic disc enclosed in a square or a rectangular shaped plastic body. Answer the following questions. 1. What is secondary memory? Give any three examples. 2. BIOS is contained in ROM and not in RAM. Can you guess why?3. Give one similarity and one difference between a Digital Versatile Disc and a Blu-ray disc. 4. Describe the difference between impact and non-impact printers. Give an example of each. 5. Explain briefly the different types of computer memory. 6. List the different uses of multimedia. 7. Paul is trying to save the folder of his family album of 1 GB ona CD. He is unable to do so. Can you guess why? Suggest an appropriate storage device. CST) ae 9 ‘A. Inthe school lab, find out the different input and output devices available. Make a list of these in MS Word. Find a picture of each type of device, and write down one use for it, B. Storage devices are used to store our data for future use. Use the internet to make a list of at least five of the latest storage devices available. Write a few lines about each. PROJECT WORK Work in groups. Each group selects a specific department of the school, for example, Accounts, Transport, Examination or HR. Each group will visit their chosen department and interview its members to find out what they use computers for in their jobs. Make a report in MS Word about the findings and share it with rest of the class. ———$—$———————WHO AMI? Tam a famous American scientist who is known as ‘the father of the internet’. I was born in the USA on June 23, 1943. I won the A. M. Turing Award, the highest honour in Computer Science. Talso worked extensively on internet working, including the design and implementation of the internet's basic communication protocols, TCP/IP. 1am well-known for my pioneering work on networking. lam...Using Windows » LEARNING OBJECTIVES What is a Windows desktop? You will learn about: . What are icons? . What is a Taskbar? * setting the background and the screen saver of the desktop * setting the date and time files and folders . What is the Recycle Bin? . | 5. Where is the Start button located? creating, copying, moving and deleting a file * the accessories ~ Calculator, Notepad, Paint, WordPad, Media Player Introduction You have learnt about Windows as the most commonly used Graphical User Interface (GUI) operating system. The GUI provides a way to interact with the computer through graphics, like icons, drop down menus, buttons and scroll bars. An operating system is a system software that is necessary for a computer to function. When the computer is switched on, the operating system is loaded onto the computer’s memory. It remains there until the power is on. In this chapter, you will learn more about the Windows 7 operating system. For Windows 10 updates, go to the end of the chapter. Desktop background The desktop background is the background image that appears on the desktop. It is similar to a table cloth with designs that you use to decorate the table top.These designs can be taken from the list of options already available or can be created in Paint. You may also use photographs stored in the computer as a desktop background. These backgrounds are also called Wallpapers. Steps to create a desktop background If you wish to create a new desktop background, you may create a file in Paint. 1. Select Start ==> All Programs => Accessories —> Paint. 2. Create your own design in the Paint window. Drawing in the Paint window 3. Click on the Paint button drop-down list and select the Set as desktop background option. Paint as desktop background Selecting the desktop backgroundWhen you save a picture created in Paint y you neni for it to be used as the desktop background. 4, The image is displayed on the desktop as a desktop ackeroud, Steps to change a desktop background 1. Right-click on the desktop. Click on the Personalize option in the shortcut menu. Windows 7 also gives options to choose from some preset themes. These include the Desktop Background, Click on Window Color, Screen Personalize Saver and Sounds. Changing the desktop background using shortcut menu 2. The Personalization window appears wl (See. ron aao9oH Oey oe = Background Sr men neem npn nse option Personalization window <3. Click on the Desktop Background option. The Choose your desktop background window appears. Desktop Background window 4. Select the background you want from the given list. 5. Double-click on the image or click on Save changes. You will return to the Personalization window. 6. Click on the Close button and the selected background will be seen on the desktop. Screen Saver A Screen saver is the image that you see when the computer is left idle (without you pressing any keys or moving the mouse) for some time. The screen saver disappears as soon as you click the mouse or press any key. You can select screen savers from already stored templates in Windows or create new screen savers. The idle time after which the screen saver will be displayed can also be changed. Steps to use a screen saver 1. Right-click on the desktop. > . Select the Personalize option from the shortcut menu.3. The Personalization window appears. 4. Click on the Screen Saver option. The Screen Saver Settings dialog box appears. 5. Select the screen saver of your choice from the Screen saver drop-down list. Screen Saver Settings dialog box Screen saver drop-down list Specifying details for screen saver 6. You can also specify the time after which the screen saver should appear in the Wait box and tick the On resume, display logon screen checkbox. 7. Click OK or Apply. 8. Close the Personalization window by clicking the Close button. mi aah) In the Seren Saver Settings dialog box, select 3D Text as your screen saver. Click on Settings... and you can write a message to yourself as your screen saver! <Create a logo for your school. Use it as the desktop Personalization window by background. taking the following path: ‘You can also access the Change the screen saver of Start ==> Control Panel => your desktop. Personalization option. Setting Date and Time Every computer has a built-in calendar and clock. It keeps on working even if the computer is shut down. It is displayed on the right end of the taskbar. You can change the time and the date by clicking on it on the taskbar. Click on the Change date and time settings... option. The Date and Time dialog box appears. Here you can change the date and time. Date and Time dialog box Windows Explorer uw Windows Explorer works as a manager for the windows. It manages and organises files and folders. It is also known as the File Manager. You can > delete, view, copy or move files and folders with the help of Windows Explorer.To open Windows Explorer follow the steps given here. 1. Click on the Start button. . Select All Programs. . Click on Accessories. . Click on the Windows Explorer option. The Windows Explorer window appears, which is set to the Library view by default. RwWN @Q@ Opening Windows Explorer in Library view Double-click on the Computer icon on the desktop to open Windows Explorer with Computer as the default view. = ~ eS +e ennai ge) Boerne icon on the taskbar. Files A file is a collection of related information. There are different types of files depending on the type of information they contain. For example, image files, program files, text files and music files, etc. sEach file is given a name, known as the File name. It is useful for identifying the file. Every file has two names —a primary name and a secondary name. Primary name: The first name of a file. It can be any name given by the user. Secondary name: The extension of the file like .docx, .bmp, .xlsx. This name is given by the program in which it is created. It may vary with the application used. For example, if the file is created in MS Word 2010, then it is a .docx file. Folders Folders are used to classify files in a computer. A collection of related files can be grouped in a common folder. You can name a folder just as a file is named. A folder can contain files as well as other folders. The folders are also known as directories. Usually, a folder is represented by the icon shown here. Inside Windows Explorer Folder icon All the stored data in a computer can be accessed in Windows Explorer. You can view, create new, copy, delete or move files and folders with the help of Windows Explorer. The window is divided into two panes, the left and the right. In the left pane of this window, also known as the navigation pane, there is a directory tree. It contains the list of folders and subfolders in the system. The right pane of the window shows the contents of the folder currently selected in the left pane. Both files and folders contained in the main folder are displayed. Depending on the type of view activated, you will see different types of information regarding the files and folders. For example, you can see the name, size, type and date of last modification of each file and folder. Click on the Change your view drop-down list in the upper-right corner of the window. Try the different options given.Pope sare hex / Change your semea ce view drop-down — sso SS list pee | Right pane displays files and Left pane contains folders contained in the folder tree like display of the selected in the left pane folders in the computer Inside Windows Explorer Selecting files and folders To select a single file or folder, click on it. Any operation you perform will then apply to the selected file or folder. To select multiple files and folders in a sequence, click on the first file/folder and then click on the last one while keeping the Shift key pressed. To select multiple files and folders that are not placed together, select the first file/folder and continue to select others while keeping the Ctrl key pressed. Creating a new folder 1, Open Windows Explorer. 2. In the left pane of Windows Explorer, click the folder where a new folder needs to be created. For example, click on Documents in Libraries. 3. Click on the New folder option in the Menu bar. 4, A new folder with the name New folder appears in the right pane. Give this new folder a name and press the Enter key.New folder - option Creating a new folder 4 TRYTH | | In Windows Explorer, click the folder in the left pane where a new folder needs to be created. Right-click in the right pane, go to the New option and select _ Folder from the submenu. Deleting a file or a folder To delete a file or folder follow the steps given below. 1. In the right pane of Windows Explorer, select the file or folder to be deleted. 2. Click on Organize drop-down list ==> Delete option. The Delete Folder dialog box appears. Click Yes to confirm deletion. @Q 1. Right-click on the folder required to be deleted. 2. Select Delete from the shortcut menu. = 3. The Delete Folder dialog box appears. Click Yes to confirm deletion.Delete option Deleting a file or a folder by using Organize drop-down list ( ua QUICK KEY | Select the folder to be deleted. To remove a file/ Press the Delete key on your keyboard. folder permanently Click Yes in the Delete Folder dialog without sending it to box to confirm deletion. the Recycle Bin. Shift + Delete Copying a file or folder Copying a file or folder means making a copy of the original file in another location, without removing it from its original location. 1. Select the file or folder in its respective location. 2. In Windows Explorer, click on the Organize drop-down list ==>» Copy option. a 2S Click on Organize Select a folder Copy option. Copying a folder3. Select the destination folder either from the navigation pane or locate it through the Address bar. = ‘Address = bar — a Folder pane/ sees Navigation pane Selecting the destination folder 4. In the chosen location, click on the Organize drop-down list ==> Paste option. om Fao ns Click on "$=: Sst Organize folder. Soest fear seer the shortcut menu. Sees Moving a file or folder to another folder 1. In Windows Explorer, select the file or folder to be moved. 2. Click on the Organize drop-down list ==> Cut option. 3. Select the destination folder from the navigation pane. 4. Click on the Organize drop-down list => Paste option in the destination folder to move the file or folder. Using Organize optionYou can also move the cut file or kia oe folder into a new folder. 1. Click on the New folder in the Right-click on the chosen file or folder Menu bar. | and select Cut from the shortcut 2. Open the folder and then select menu. Go to the destination folder, Paste Gon the Organica | ick on it and then click on ; | Paste from the shortcut menu. drop-down list. \ 1S epseeee Using the organize option Changing the name of a file or a folder 1. Select the file or folder. 2. Right-click on the mouse. 3. Select Rename from the shortcut menu. 4. The name of the selected file or | 1 be changed. Press F2| key on folder will be highlighted with the keyboard and change the name the pointer blinking inside the of the file. | name box. Write the new name. 5. Press Enter key or click outside the file or the folder. & Select the file or folder whose nameGo to your computer and create the folders given in the hierarchy below. Documents p> Subjects. Assignments t English Maths Science Delete the Science folder. Move the Maths folder into the Assignments folder. Create an Assignment file within the English folder. Copy the English Assignment file, which you have just created, and paste it in the Assignments folder. Accessories Windows have a number of standard applications referred to as Accessories. Some of these applications such as Calculator, Paint, WordPad and Notepad are frequently used. These applications are simple and easy to use. To access any of these applications, say Calculator, click on Start ==> All Programs ==> Accessories ==> Calculator. Selecting Calculator and an already opened Calculator windowCalculator @ TRYTHIS By default, Calculator looks like a real pocket calculator. It has number keys, memory keys To do a scientific and standard maths operations. You can use calculation, select the Calculator program with the help of the ‘View menu keyboard or mouse. The View menu allows you to use different Scientific option programming capabilities like a scientific, programmer and statistical calculator. Apart from using the different types of calculators, the View menu provides the user with a few other useful features. The Date calculation option allows you to calculate the difference between two dates in terms of years, months, weeks and days. The Unit conversion option converts values from one unit of measurement to another. The Digit Grouping option groups the numbers typed on the calculator based on the International system of numeration. Conversion of values using calculator The Edit menu allows the user to copy values from the calculator and paste in another location and vice versa. Notepad > Notepad is used to view or edit text Got) files. Notepad is a basic text-editing program in Windows. You can create, edit and print a document file with simple formatting features. You can also scribble notes and important points and save them for future references. NotepadYou can work on only one document at a time in Notepad. You can create, edit and save a Notepad file as a plain text file (.txt). WordPad WordPad is a rich text-editing program. It is capable of doing much more than Notepad but compared to MS Word it emetencie? has fewer features. A file ‘Starcom cis enes momar created in WordPad can ‘rerum ato ti vt tet nn be a plain text file (.txt), oe a rich text format file (.rtf), a word document file (.docx) or an open document text file (.odt). ka The formatting features are WordPad more advanced than Notepad - In WordPad, right-click on an option in for example, you can insert an the Ribbon and select Add to Quick Access image in a document file. Toolbar. The option will then be added to ~ the Quick Access Toolbar. Paint : Paint is a drawing and painting program in Windows. Pictures that are drawn or edited in Paint are called bitmaps. They are stored as a grid of small dots, called pixels. Paint consists of drawing tools that help to create pictures, It also includes a Colors palette that allows the user to choose both the foreground and background color of the picture. paletteDraw a few cartoon characters in Paint. Save the file. Write a letter in Notepad to the headteacher to organise a school celebration on New Year's Eve. Insert the image created in Paint into WordPad with a few lines about it. Save the file as My Work.rtf. In your notebook, list the differences between the Notepad and the WordPad applications. Windows Media Player Windows also has several entertainment software applications. One such application is Windows Media Player. You can listen to audio files and watch videos with the help of Windows Media Player. You can also use it to play CDs and DVDs. This software allows you to copy songs from CDs on to your computer. It is a multimedia application available in various versions. How to Open Windows Media Player 1. Click on the Start button. 2. Select All Programs. 3. Click on Windows Media Player. Every Windows Media Player comes with some default music stored in the _ Sample Music folder of the computer. Windows Media Player <€GLOSSARY Accessories The set of standard applications in Windows. Active window The window currently being used. Bitmaps Pictures drawn or edited in Paint. Desktop background The list of images and designs used to decorate the desktop. File A collection of related information. Inactive window A window which is open but is not in use. Screen Saver The moving images that start after a specified amount of time “aa 2 of = + w a a » when the computer is not being used. . The desktop background is the list of images and designs used to decorate the desktop. The Screen Saver displays the moving images that start automatically when the computer is idle for a specified amount of time. Every program is in the form of a window with Title bar, Menu bar, Scroll bars and control buttons like Maximize, Minimize and Close. Every computer has a built-in Calendar and Clock. It keeps on working even if the computer is shut down. It is displayed on the right end of the taskbar. . A file is a collection of related information. There are different types of files depending on the type of information they contain. Folders are used to classify the files on a computer. A collection of related files can be grouped in a common folder. . Windows has a manager called Windows Explorer. It manages the files and folders. Windows Explorer is also known as the File Manager. You can use it to delete, view, copy or move files and folders. Calculator, Paint, Notepad and WordPad are some of the accessories in Windows.EXERCISE =a — A. Fill in the blanks. . is the image that you see when the computer is left idle “for some time. . is a collection of related information. OA window which is open but is not in use is called .. . Windows has a manager called ... . In order to set a Screen Saver, you need to open the. is a basic text editor program in Windows. window. orn se True or false? 1. The primary name of the file may vary with the application used. - Folders are also known as directories. w . Pictures that are drawn or edited in Paint are called bitmaps. J 4. WordPad is a basic text-editing program in Windows. | ] 5. Windows Media Player is a multimedia application. Rewrite the un jumbled words. ees 1. ONDWISW Co) 4, PNETAOD Write the steps to create your own desktop background using Paint.E. Answer the following questions. . What is the difference between primary and secondary names of a file? . What is the purpose of the Start button? . How do you change the date and time in Windows? . What is the difference between copying a file and moving a file? . What is the use of different menus available in Calculator? wapwne LABWORK [_] Create a folder named CLASSMATES in the Documents folder and then follow the instructions below. Select the folder and create a text file within it. Name it after one of your classmates. Double-click on this file and write at least three lines about your classmate. Repeat the same steps for other classmates. . Create another folder named MY FRIENDS in the Documents folder. Copy into the folder the files of those classmates who are your close friends. In the CLASSMATES folder, delete the file(s) whose name begins with the letter ‘A’. - Move the file(s) to the desktop if the letter ‘S’ appears in its name. Follow the steps given below. 1. Create a folder with your name on the desktop using the shortcut menu. 2. Cut and paste the folder in the Documents folder. 3. Add a few documents and pictures created by you to the folder. Create a picture of a traffic light in Paint and save it with the name: traffic.bmp. Set this picture as a desktop background. PROJECT WORK Open WordPad. Create a new document. Type a list of all the Windows Accessories. Write five sentences about any two of the Accessories which you think are most useful to you. Add relevant icons/pictures related to the Accessories you have selected, Save your file in the Documents folder with the name: Chapter2Project.docx.Windows 10 Updates Windows 10 operating system is the successor of version Windows 8.1 and was launched in 2015. It has combined features of both Windows 7 and 8 to make it more user-friendly. For setting the Sereen Saver, right-click on the Desktop and select the Personalize option. It opens the window given below.Windows 10 Updates Windows Explorer is known as File Explorer in Windows 10. To open File Explorer, click on Start =» File Explorer or you can use the shortcut keys: Windows + E. The layout of the File Explorer in Windows 10 is similar to the previous versions of Windows with minor changes.MS Word 2010 — Formatting Text < LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1 . What is the Quick Access Toolbar? Vouiwill learn about: What commands are accessible through this toolbar? . What are the different components of the MS Word 2010 window? 3. How do you change the case of already typed text? 4. How do you find a particular word ina document and replace it with another word? changing fonts, font sizes, font styles and font color v highlighting tex: applying borders and shadings text alignment - centre, left, right and ‘justify’ bullets and numbering Introduction Formatting is organising or arranging text in a word processor, such as MS Word, according to a chosen pattern. It helps in changing the appearance of the text. This is done by using different fonts, colors, sizes and styles. Every software package has predefined settings. These are called default settings. Formatting helps you to change the default settings of the computer according to your choice. In this chapter, you will learn about different ways to format text. When you are formatting text, you don’t need to highlight the entire text. Placing the cursor anywhere in the text enables you to format that part. Similarly, you can format an entire paragraph. Once the settings of the text in the paragraph are selected, subsequent paragraphs will have the same format unless the format is changed. &Fonts Formatting is the process of applying font style, characteristics, colors, etc. to a text or a paragraph. In other words, it is the way the text appears on a page. The default font in MS Word 2010 is ‘Calibri’. The default font size is 11 points. Therefore, any new word document in MS Word 2010 would have the text in ‘Calibri’, 11 points by default. In MS Word 2010, the formatting of the text document can be done by: 1. Selecting different options given in the Font group of the Home tab. Font Name Font Size Subscript Increase Font Size Decrease Font Size Italics Underline 2. We can also select different options through the Font dialog box launcher in the Font group of the Home tab. zee i oman e WME ES Font Color me Superscript Font dialog box launcher Strikethrough Font group in the Home tab Click here to get the Font dialog Using the Font dialog boxFont Name QUICK KEY A font is a set of letters and symbols in a particular design and size. Each font has a To open Font name. Some examples of fonts are listed ca here. This ia Forte font. ‘This s Times New Roman font. “This Is Eras Bold ITC font. A few examples of fonts (i oe Certain fonts such as Select a part of the text. Click on the Wingdings contain Font name drop-down list and bring the pictures called dingbats. | mouse pointer to a font name to preview —— oe the selected text in that font. Do the | | same with other fonts and then click on the chosen Font name. | Font Size The size of the text is called the font size. It is measured in points. There are 72 points. A few examples are given on the next page. <‘Thine fontae8 This Is font size 24 This is font size 32] Select a portion of the text. Select the Increase Font Size A’ option in the Font group of the Home tab to increase the font size by a point. The reverse can be done using the Decrease Font Size 4") option. Font Style The way in which a character is emphasised is called its font style. The most common styles are bold, italic To reduce the font | CTRL +[ size by one point size by one point Bold B ser Bold text is printed darker than normal text so that words and phrases stand out on a page. It is often used for titles and headings. Italic £ QUICK KEY Italic text is slanted. It is mostly used for emphasis. It is sometimes used for headings and also for representing scientific names. Underline U Underlined text has a line under it. In the Font dialog box, you can select the Underline style from the drop-down list. From the Underline color drop- down list, you can select the line color. It is also used to emphasise the text. It is sometimes used for the title of a document.You can also choose the More Underlines... option from the Underline drop-down list. A Font dialog box opens from where more styles for underlining the text can be chosen. Normal text is the default style for a document. Underline style: option Underline More Underlines... Color option option Selecting the underline option Write a paragraph of five sentences on “I love computers because...” using the font Comic Sans MS, size: 18. Use different colors for each sentence. Superscript > Superscript reduces the size of the text and raises it to the top of the current line. For example, ‘today is 5th January’. Here, ‘th’ after the digit 5 is a superscript. Subscript *, Subscript is a text style that reduces the size of the text and lowers it to the bottom of the current line. For example, ‘the chemical formula of water is H,O’ Here the base *2’ is a subscript. &Font Color A This is used to change the color of the text to emphasise headings, subheadings and other text. Avoid using too many bright colors in a single document. Highlighting text You can highlight the text in a Word document with different colors. It is usually done to draw attention to important facts in the text. The steps to highlight the text are: 1, Click on the Text Highlight Color drop-down list in the Font group of the Home tab. You may also choose different colors for highlighting. 2. The cursor changes to a highlighter pen. Move the pen over the text that has to be highlighted. 3. To remove the highlight from the text, select the No Color option from the Text Highlight Color drop-down list. Text Highlight Color option wes a Stop Highlighting option to remove highlighter pen No Color option to remove highlight color #htthe'text ia Word document with diferent eolours Poe oti | wera 4 |Z _tngun trea | Highlighting text with a different colorBorders and shading Follow these steps to apply borders and shading effects to the text. 1. Select the text where the border and shading effect is to be applied. 2. Click on the Bottom Border drop-down list in the Paragraph group of the Home tab. 3. Select the Borders and Shading... option in the drop-down list. The Borders and Shading dialog box appears. con Aes ace A ost anc A La SSS Sa 8 Click here to choose Youcan applybordersandshading |= orm an option from the drop-down list bffectsto the text. Borders and Shading... option Selecting borders and shading 4. Click on the Borders tab and choose the box style from the Setting section. Click on None 5. You can also select the style, color and width of the border lines from the Style, Color and Width sections, respectively. The Preview section shows how the border will look when applied to the text. 6. Go to the Apply to drop-down list and select Paragraph.Borders and shading dialog box . Click on the Shading tab, select the color for shading from the Fill drop-down list. . You can also select the shading style and color using the Style and Color options respectively in the Patterns section. The Preview corner shows how the shading effect will look when applied to the text. . Click on the OK button to apply the border and shading effects to the selected text.Complete the activity using MS Word 2010 and following the instructions below. 1. Create a slogan ‘Save the Environment’. 2, Add a suitable heading. Set the font name ‘Algerian’ with font size 18 and font color blue. 3. Apply the italic style to the slogan. Set the font name “Bookman Old Style’ with font size 14 and font color green. Text alignment Text alignment refers to the text layout and the document margins. There are four types of alignments. These are discussed here. It is very simple to change the alignment of text. Follow these steps to change the alignment. 1. Select the text that you wish to align. 2. Click on the appropriate alignment button in the Paragraph group of the Home tab. Justify 3. For example, to align text to the left, select the text and click on the ‘i Paragraph Align Text Left dialog box option. Align Left fe Options for text alignment This is the default alignment. In this type of alignment, the text is aligned from the left and ragged (not aligned) from the right edge. Align Right 3 In this type of text alignment, the text is aligned from the right edge and ragged from the left side.se cone =, This alignment aligns the text centrally and leaves it ragged at the right and left edges. appears above it, which can als be used for formatting. Justify 3 In this alignment, the text is aligned both to the right and to the left margins, adding extra space between words as necessary. Therefore, neither ee the left nor the right edge of iss etme the text appears ragged. nt gamer tetris hgh tothe ight and the et mar cing oara seach between words ance. Ths sete the nore Farcege of ete spe nue Different types of text alignment Complete the following activity. 1. Write ten sentences on the topic ‘My City’. 2. Write the date on the top of the page. Align it to the right. 3. Put your topic as the heading in the centre of page. 4. Align the sentences about your city as Justified. Bullets and numbering Bullets and numbered lists are used to present information in the form of points. By default, MS Word 2010 uses a simple black dot as a bullet.In a bulleted text, each item of a list is added by using the Enter key. This creates a new point. Each item begins with a symbol called a bullet. In order to display an unordered list, bullets (*) are used. If a document requires an ordered list, then the number list is used. Bullets and numbering Creating a bulleted or numbered list as you type 1. To start a numbered list, type ‘1.’ and press the Space Bar or Tab key. To start a bulleted list, type * (asterisk) and press the Space Bar or Tab key. 2. Now type the text. 3. Press the Enter key to add the next item to the list. MS Word 2010 automatically inserts the next number or bullet. Creating a bulleted or numbered list for an existing text 1. Select the text or paragraph to which numbering or bullets are to be applied. 2. Select the style of the bullets from the Bullets drop-down list | the style of numbering from the Numbering drop-down list Paragraph group of the Home tab. 1. This s numbered st 2, This is numbered list 3. This Is numbered list, rare pr ensaED This is bulleted list A Bullets and numbering drop-down listsx= _ Explore new bullet styles using the Symbol... and Picture... buttons in the Define __ New Bullet... option of the Bullets drop-down list. You can also add effects to your bullet styles using the Font... option. Similarly, explore new numbering styles using the Define New Number Format... option in the Numbering drop-down list. QUICK KEY To make text Bold Ctrl+B To clear formatting Ctrl + Space bar To make text Italics | Ctrl +1 To Left Align a paragraph | Ctrl +L To Underline text | Ctrl + U To Right Align a paragraph |Ctrl+R To apply Superscript | Ctrl + Shift += |To Center Align a paragraph | Ctrl + E To apply Subscript | Ctrl += To Justify text in a paragraph | Ctrl + J Mary has prepared a project report on ‘Biofriendly Chemicals’. She wants to make her project report look impressive. What commands should she use to make the following changes in her report? 1, Make the text aligned on both sides . Make the text a little darker . Underline the text . Raise the number to the power . Make the text slanted 2, a 4, 5. Write the base for a chemical formula (e.g. H,O) 6, 7. Write the heading in the centre 8. . Write the points using lettersGLOSSARY Bold Darker printed text so that words and phrases stand out on a page. Font name The design/style of characters. Font size The size of characters. Font style The way in which a character is emphasised - the most common styles are bold, italics and underline. Formatting text |The process of applying font style, colors, etc. to the text. Italic text Slanted text used for emphasis. Superscript A text style that reduces the size of the text and raises it to the top of the existing line Subscript A text style that reduces the size of the text and lowers it to the bottom of the existing line. Text alignment Changing the layout of the text by changing the document margins. Underline text A line under the text that is mostly used for emphasis. 1. Formatting is organising or arranging text according to a selected pattern. . Font size is measured in points. There are 72 points to choose from. . Font color can be changed to emphasise specific text. . The Highlight button is used to highlight important text. wpwn . The highlight color can be changed as well as removed from the text. . Bullets are used to display an unordered list. . Anumbered list is used when the order is important. Jr 3EXERCISE ——IEw A. State true or false. ad w ~ ww . Numbering is used to create an unordered list. . The font is a type of alignment. ‘Justify’ aligns the text both to the right and to the left margins, adding extra space between words as necessary, — The process of applying font style, colors, etc. to the text [ is known as text formatting. pe . The default font name in MS Word 2010 is ae Times New Roman. Match the following font styles. he 4, FONT a. Subscript FONT b. Underline text LO c. Superscript FONT d. Bold FON e. Italic text Write the shortcut keys for the following. le 2 3; 4. 5. To Underline the text To Right align a paragraph To clear formatting To apply Superscript To Justify text in a paragraphD. Identify and write the names of the options labelled below. —. Answer the following questions. 1, Wht stent formating? 2. Name the alignments available in MS Word 2010. 3, How can you change the alignment of the text? 4, Name any four formatting tools available on the Home tab. 5. Write the steps to create a bulleted list.Eee A. Create a list of countries and their capitals. Format the text using an appropriate color scheme. Display the data in the form of bulleted points. B, Write an article on different types of font styles available in MS Word 2010. Put an example of each style in the document. Apply borders and shading to your document. Using bullets and numbering, make a list of the keyboard shortcuts you have learned in this chapter. PROJECT WORK Work in groups and select the project of your choice from the options given below. 1. v w Make a list of ten fonts and write ten sentences using these fonts — all the sentences should be in different font sizes. . Make a list of subjects and teachers. Use bullets and highlight each subject with a different color. This list of subject teachers should have an attractive border. . Write the steps for making lemonade. Use the numbering option and highlight each step with a different color. This whole process should be given an attractive border.Fun with TUH Paint - LEARNING OBJECTIVES . What is Tux Paint? . What is the difference between Tux Paint and Paint software? You will learn about: using the Stamp tool using the Label tool opening a new Drawing Canvas setting up a slide show printing a picture in Tux Paint . What are the different drawing tools available in Tux Paint? |. How do you open an existing file in Tux Paint? w . How do you quit from Tux Paint?) Introduction You have already learnt how to use the basic tools in Tux Paint to create drawings. In addition to those, you can also use stamps, create storyboards and run slide shows in Tux Paint. You can even choose canvasses of different kinds for your work. In this chapter, you will learn the advanced features of Tux Paint that will make your drawings even better. Using the Stamp tool This a collection of rubber stamps and stickers. It allows you to add ready-made images to your pictures. An outline image of the stamp is seen when the mouse is brought over the Drawing Canvas, telling the user about its size and location.Multiple copies of the same stamp or of different stamps can be placed at different locations in the Drawing Canvas. Different categories of stamps are available for use in the Selector pane of the Tux Paint window. There are additional options in the Stamp tool which allow the user to flip the selected stamp vertically or create its mirror image. rene Outline of the te selected stamp Stamp > a4 tool = & To view different of categories of © stamps ae) & To flip the : stamp vertically To change stamp color | . er To create a mirror image of the stamp > J 2 | To change the stamp size Exploring the Stamp tool There is an option to change the stamp size. In some cases, the Colors palette in the lower part of the screen is active and allows the user to change the color of the stamp. ( FACT FILE Peer eee The sound effects and descriptive sounds for the selected stamp can be re-played by pressing the sound buttons @ G 3 . These can be found in __ the lower-left corner near the Linux Penguin in the Tux Paint window.How to Add a Stamp 1. Click on the Stamp tool in the Toolbar pane. A list of stamps will appear in the Selector pane. N . Move through the different categories of stamps available using the left and right arrow buttons in the Selector pane. Select the stamp you want. 3. Click on the appropriate tools in the Selector pane to increase or decrease the stamp size, to flip it vertically, to create its mirror image or to change its color in case the Colors palette is active. 5. Bring the cursor to the Drawing Canvas. An outline of the selected stamp will move with the movement of the mouse showing how and where the stamp will be placed. 6. Click on the left mouse button to place the stamp at the chosen location. The sounds in Tux Paint can be disabled by pressing Alt + S (called muting) and can be re-enabled using the same combination. - % ) Creating a picture using the Stamp tool Label Tool The Label tool is used to type text in Tux paint. It can be used to write on any object or stamp. 5 ee Fed | ravras_ 22) bas | antl In order to type, place the cursor on any part of the drawing and start typing. Use the Enter key to end the text. By using the selector button you can edit, move or change the style of the text.Selector pane of the Tux Paint window. Different categories of text = 4 styles are available for use in the baedt ; Be) welcome a My drawing There are additional options in the label tool which allow the user to flip the selected label format vertically. The text is available in varying sizes, which can be selected using the arrow keys. Label tool Using the Label tool Opening a new Drawing Canvas You can create new pictures in Tux Paint using the New tool. Tux Paint offers not only a blank, white canvas for drawing but also canvasses with different colors in the background, black-and-white outlines and 3-D photographs. Follow these steps to open a new drawing canvas in Tux Paint: . Open the Tux Paint window. . Click on the New tool in the Toolbar pane. . A list of canvasses open. Scroll up and down using the arrows. wrne - . Select your chosen canvas and click on the Open button. The black-and-white outlines and 3-D pictures used as | canvas in Tux Paint are called _ Starters. On clicking Save, Tux Paint saves the | changes made to the Starter as a separate file and does not Open ; “i ) yutton eS 3 Pick clr of etre wth which fo tar new drawing. | overwrite the original Using the New toolFollow the instructions below in Tux Paint. 1. Use a black and white canvas outline. Now draw and color a 3D picture on the canvas. 2. Save the picture. 3. Add a stamp of your choice to the picture. 4. Save the new version of the file as a separate file. Viewing pictures as a Slide Show Pictures created in Tux Paint can also be viewed as a slide show. Follow these steps to watch a slide show of the pictures created. 1. Select the Open tool in the Toolbar pane. 2. A list of pictures created and saved in Tux Paint appear as thumbnails in the virtual Picturebook. 3. Click on the Slides button in the lower-left corner of the virtual Picturebook. 4. A new pane appears in the middle of the window containing pictures saved in Tux Paint. Click on the images in the sequence in which you want them to appear in the slide show. The images will be numbered accordingly. pans == [ Click on a selected image to & a aaa FE t remove it from the slide show. a If no image is selected, then all (7 Bi Soon Numbering the images will appear in the Nea of slides for slide show. 2e aeaue B= Sliding scale J 5. Set the speed of slide change Am oe ‘Chose the pictures you want hen cick "ay using the sliding scale next to the Play button. Preparing a slide show6. Click on the Play button to start the slide show. 7. Slides change automatically after the selected time or you can click on the Next button to move to the next slide. 8. Click on the Back button to go back to the thumbnails. With this feature, Tux Paint can also be used to create storyboards. Printing a picture The pictures created in Tux Paint can also be printed. Follow these steps to print a picture: 1. Click on the Print tool in the Toolbar pane. 2. A dialog box appears asking for your permission to print the opened picture. Click on the Yes, print it! option. 3. The Print dialog box appears. Select the printer connected to your computer in the Select Printer section and specify your printing preferences. 4. Click on the Print button. Print dialog box Print tool Using the Print tool Print dialog boxComplete the following activity. 1. Create a storyboard using at least three canvasses in Tux Paint on the topic ‘My Family Vacation’. Use different tools of Tux Paint to add interest to your pictures. 2. Set up a slide show in the class with the pictures running at a medium speed. QUICK KEY To open the list of saved pictures Ctrl+O To redo the last drawing action | Ctrl + R To move to the next slide in | Enter / Space bar / the slide show Right Arrow key To move to the previous slide in the slide show To save apicture | Ctrl+S To open anew Drawing Canvas_|C'1*N Left Arrow key Ctrl + Z To end the slide show Ese key GLOSSARY Label A tool which is used to type text in Tux Paint. Stamp A collection of readymade stickers and rubber stamps that can be put on pictures created in Tux Paint. Slide show A sequential movement of pictures on a computer.