LET REVIEW SAMPLE QUESTIONNAIRE

PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION (SOCIAL DIMENSIONS)

1. The Philippine Elementary School Curriculum gives greater emphasis on the development of
basic skills like reading, writing, and arithmetic. What is the philosophical basis for this?
A. Pragmatism C. Essentialism
B. Perennialism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION:
C. Essentialism. Essentialism - is an educational theory rooted in classical realism and idealism
which advocates curricular reform stressing the essentials of the basics like the 3R's.
Pragmatism- is regarded as an American philosophy whose various forms advocate
experimentalism, instrumentalism, functionalism, and practicalism and their curricular offerings
imply a wide range of subject areas.
Perennialism- is a traditional educational theory that puts premium on eternal truth as contained
in the "Great Books".
Existentialism - personalizes knowledge to the individual. The person chooses the knowledge
that he deems is relevant to his process of becoming to realize his essence.

2. Teacher H asks one of her students, “What do you want to become when you grow up?” This
question is an indication of what kind of philosophy? A. Progressivism C. Existentialism
B. Naturalism D. Idealism
RATIONALIZATION:
D - Idealism. Idealism is the answer because it stresses the existence of ideas independent from
the material world. Ideas that which exist in the mind are the only reality.

3. Teacher X has not only explained the concept of Philosophy of Education but also imparted
this to her students. This demonstrates what kind of philosophy?
A. Naturalism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Perennialism
RATIONALIZATION:
C - Realism. Realism concerns with what is real, actual. For ideas to be realized, they must be
transferred or demonstrated.

4. In his class, Teacher M always presents principles and values so as to encourage his students
to examine them and decide for themselves whether to accept them or not. What kind of
philosophy does he practice?
A. Idealism C. Humanism
B. Essentialism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION:
D - Existentialism. Existentialism is a philosophy that emphasizes subjectivity, freedom and
responsibility.

5. When a teacher emphasizes that man’s sense should be trusted because they are the only
way to acquire knowledge, the teacher can be regarded as . A. Naturalist C. Empiricist
B. Realist D. Pragmatist
RATIONALIZATION:
C -Empiricism. Empiricism upholds that the only source of knowledge is the senses and sense-
based experience.
6. Teacher K views her pupils as unique, free choosing, and responsible individuals. She plans
activities where the pupil can develop his unique personality. What theory underlies this nature
of the pupil?
A. Realism C. Existentialism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
RATIONALIZATION:
C. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of self-hood whose
fundamental doctrine proclaims man’s freedom in the accomplishment of his destiny. In this
case, emphasis is given on the students rather than on the curriculum content.

7. "Learning is the process of retrieving prior learning", this is a statement from _.

A. Constructivist C. Progressivist
B. Reconstructivist D. Empiricist
RATIONALIZATION:
A. Constructivist. As defined, Constructivism is a philosophy of learning which asserts that
reality does not exist outside of the human conceptions. It is the individual that construct reality
by reflecting on his own experience and gives meaning to it. It is founded on the premise that by
reflecting on our own experiences, we construct our own understanding of the world we live in.
Therefore, learning is simply the process of adjusting our mental modes to accommodate new
experiences.

8. Teacher U teaches to his pupils that pleasure is not the highest good. Teacher's teaching is
against what philosophy?
A. Realism C. Epicureanism
B. Hedonism D. Empiricism
RATIONALIZATION:
B. Hedonism. Epicureanism is just a form of Hedonism. Hedonism is the general, Epicureanism
is the specific. Always select the general answer.

9. After listening to the homily of the Priest about fidelity, Catherine has a moment of reflection.
Her understanding of the value of fidelity has become deeper as she related this to her past
experience. This typifies what kind of philosophy?
A. Constructivism C. Humanism
B. Reconstructivism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION:
A. Constructivism. Constructivism is a philosophy of learning which asserts that reality does not
exist outside the human conceptions. It is the individual who construct reality by reflecting on his
own experience and gives meaning to it.

10. After studying the Principle of Identity, Teacher W asks her students to determine which
among the given set of problems conforms to the said identity. This shows that Teacher W
upholds what kind of Philosophy?
A. Perennialism C. Essentialism
B. Progressivism D. Naturalism
RATIONALIZATION:
B. Progressivism. Progressivism is a philosophy of learning by doing things.

11. Thea listened to the advice given by her sister to end the relationship that she has with
Gilbert. However, her sister learned that the advice she has given was not followed and Thea
decided to continue the relationship. This action of Thea is a manifestation of what kind of
philosophy?
A. Essentialism C. Perennialism
B. Existentialism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION:
B. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of selfhood and proclaims
man’s freedom in the accomplishment of his destiny.

12. After finishing the degree in Education, Teacher M learns that learning never stops. In fact,
she accumulates more knowledge after leaving the portal of her alma mater. This typifies what
kind of philosophy?
A. Constructivism C. Progressivism
B. Perennialism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION:
C. Progressivism. Progressivism connotes change, growth and development. It is an active form
of philosophy for it continues to evolve.

13. Matilda is an advocate of the principle “making the most of your life”. She is indeed an
advocate of what kind of philosophy?
A. Humanism C. Realism
B. Perennialism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION:
A. Humanism. Humanism is a philosophy that stresses to “live life to the fullest”.

14. Teacher X is a very dedicated teacher in the nursery. Her foremost concern is for students to
learn how to adapt themselves in the environment. This shows that Teacher X upholds what kind
of philosophy?
A. Naturalism C. Progressivism
B. Pragmatism D. Rationalism
RATIONALIZATION:
A. Naturalism. Naturalism aims to unfold the child’s potential, not to prepare him for a definite
vocation or social position but to prepare him to adapt to the changing times and needs.

15. Teacher J serves as an inspiration to his students because of his efficiency and effectiveness
as a teacher. The mind set of his students towards him/her is an instance of what kind of
philosophy?
A. Realism C. Nationalism
B. Idealism D. Constructivism
RATIONALIZATION:
B. Idealism. Idealism is a philosophy which asserts that what’s in the mind is the only reality. In
this situation, the teacher inspires his/her students through the values that he/she possessed.
Values are absolute are told to belong in realm of ideas. Hence, these are considered as ideas that
exist only in the mind.

16. John learns well through active interplay with others. His learning increases when engaged in
activities that has meaning in him. Which philosophy can describe this?
A. Progressivism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Empiricism
RATIONALIZATION:
A. Progressivism. Progressivism is a philosophy of hands of learning or experiential learning.
“Learning by doing”. Learning is based from the questions of one’s experience of the world.
Hence, it is the learner himself who thinks, solves, and gives meaning through his individual
experiences.

17. Your teacher is of the opinion that the world and everything in it are ever changing and so
teaches you the skill to cope with the changes. Which in his governing philosophy?
A. Experimentalism C. Idealism
B. Existentialism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION:
A. Experimentalism. Experimentalism believes that things are constantly changing. It is based on
the view that reality is what works right now and that goodness comes from group decisions. As
a result, schools exist to discover and expand the society we live in. Students study social
experiences and solve problems.

18. Principal C shares this thought with his teachers: "Subject matter should help students
understand and appreciate themselves as unique individuals who accept complete responsibility
for their thoughts, feelings, and actions." From which philosophy is this thought based? / Teacher
V teaches her students to appreciate themselves as unique individuals and are to accept the
responsibility to their feelings, actions and thoughts. She upholds the philosophy of _________.
A. Perennialism C. Existentialism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
RATIONALIZATION:
C. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of selfhood and proclaims
man’s freedom in the accomplishment of his destiny.

19. Teacher H class is engaged in problem solving activity which in a way is a reflection of the
personal and social experiences. The purpose of this activity is for the students to acquire the
skills that can help them in solving their own real-life problems. What philosophy can best
describe this?
A. Realism C. Progressivism
B. Idealism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION:
C. Progressivism. Progressivism connotes growth and development. In this manner learning
comes best when things are being experienced, that is learning by doing
things. It involves participation of the students and allows them to exercise freedom.
20. In the Social Science class of Teacher G, students identify the various social and economic
problems that require urgent solutions. They not only discuss the ways to address it but also
agreed to participate in solving them. What kind of philosophy does this class uphold?
A. Naturalism C. Progressivism
B. Constructivism D. Reconstructivism
RATIONALIZATION:
D. Reconstructivism. Reconstructivism covers the underlying factors that constitute reality or
society. In this regard, students are encouraged to become involved in the problems whether
political, social, or economical that confront the society and be able to arrive at solutions in order
to reconstruct society.

21. A curriculum should only include those that have survived the test of time and combine the
symbols of literature, history, and mathematics. Thus, curriculum like this contains values that
are constant and universal. What philosophy describes this kind of curriculum?
A. Idealism C. Humanism
B. Perennialism D. Essentialism
RATIONALIZATION:
B. Perennialism. Perennialism maintains that education involves confronting the problems and
questions that have challenged people over the centuries. Thus, there is a need to study classical
tradition of great books.

22. Who among the following puts more emphasis on core requirements, longer school day,
longer academic year and more challenging textbooks?
A. Perennialist C. Progressivist
B. Essentialist D. Existentialist
RATIONALIZATION:
B. Essentialist. Essentialism is an educational theory rooted in classical realism and idealism
which advocates curricular reform stressing the essentials of the basics like the 3R's.

23. “Education is a continuous process of experiencing and of visiting or reorganizing

experiences “according to a Progressivist. What does it mean?
A. Education begins and ends in school.
B. Education takes place anytime and anywhere. C. Education happens formally and informally.
D. Education goes on throughout life.
RATIONALIZATION:
D. Education goes on throughout life. Progressivism connotes growth and development. It is an
active form of philosophy for it continues to evolve.

24. Mr. Cruz exemplifies an ideal teacher and son. He is competent in his field based on the
various recognitions that he received from his school. As a dutiful son, he assumes all the
responsibilities of raising his family (this includes his parents, siblings, and their own families) –
giving all their needs and wants. The fulfilment of these is the neglect of the responsibilities to
himself. This attitude of Mr. Cruz is against what kind of philosophy?
A. Existentialism C. Pragmatism
B. Constructivism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION:
D. Humanism. Humanism stresses personal culture, individual freedom, and development (the
best way towards full and rich lives).

25. Teacher R ensures to put a certain amount of his monthly earnings in the bank. At the end of
the school year, he used all his savings in visiting places rich of cultural heritages rather than of
buying expensive clothes, jewelry, and latest gadgets. Favoring the former action over the latter
exhibits that Teacher R follows what kind of philosophy?
A. Existentialism C. Behaviorism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
RATIONALIZATION:
A. Existentialism. Existentialism is a philosophy that gives a person the freedom to choose. It is
a philosophy of subjectivity.

26. Teacher R ensures to put a certain amount of his monthly earnings in the bank. At the end of
the school year, he used all his savings in visiting places rich of cultural heritages rather than of
buying expensive clothes, jewelry, and latest gadgets. This shows that Teacher R is an advocate
of what kind of philosophy?
A. Pragmatism C. Naturalism
B. Perennialism D. Essentialism
RATIONALIZATION:
B. Perennialism. Perennialism views education as a recurring process based on eternal truths.
Good education involves a search for and understanding of truth which can all be found in the
great works of civilization.

27. Teacher X rates the art work of her students not just on the merit of its appeal to the senses
but also considers its uniqueness and the responsibility that every student has given in
accomplishing the task. This practice shows how Teacher X upholds this kind of philosophy:
A. Realism C. Idealism
B. Reconstructivism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION:
D. Existentialism. Conceives philosophy as something that is felt by an individual because it’s
concrete in itself or based on what is concrete. There is also personal involvement in this kind of
philosophy.

28. In line with the philosophy of Reconstructivism, which of the following should be given
emphasis in teaching?
A. To seek a better position in the society
B. To compare oneself with the less fortunate
C. To become economically self-reliant
D. To designate one’s superiority over the others
RATIONALIZATION:
C. To become economically self-reliant. Reconstructivism aims to achieve social changes. This
is a philosophy that entails the identification of social problems, finding solutions for this and be
a part of the solution.
29. Joining organizations or clubs in school is requisite to granting of academic distinction under
DECS Order No. 65, s. 1998. This shows school community connection reflected in activities
geared towards society's needs. What philosophy is related to this? / Activities planned by school
clubs or organizations show school-community connection geared towards society's needs. What
philosophy is related to this?
A. Realism C. Existentialism
B. Progressivism D. Reconstructivism
RATIONALIZATION:
D. Reconstructivism. Reconstructivism aims to achieve social changes. This is a philosophy that
entails the identification of social problems, finding solutions for this and be a part of the
solution.

30. Increase of time allotment in English, Math and Science in the Elementary level under the
New Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) as provided in DECS Order No. 1, s. 1993
contributes in the culturation of basic literacy by providing the needed essential skills. The
related philosophy is
A. Realism C. Idealism
B. Essentialism D. Perennialism
RATIONALIZATION:
B. Essentialism. Essentialism is an educational theory rooted in classical realism and idealism
which advocates curricular reform stressing the essentials of the basics like the 3R's.

31. Teacher A believes that the learner is the product of his environment. Sometimes he has no
choice. He/she is determined by his environment.
A. Rationalist C. Existentialist
B. Behaviorist D. Progressivist
RATIONALIZATION:
B. Behaviorist. A behaviourist believes that human behaviour can be best explained in terms of
responses to external stimuli. Also, education can be best achieved by modifying or changing
student behaviours in a socially acceptable manner through the arrangement of the conditions for
learning. The control is obtained not by manipulating the individual, but the environment.

32. The curriculum is viewed as a means of developing desirable habits. It is recommended that
the way /means to form these habits is through the mastery of organized subject matter. Which
philosophy is behind this educational view?
A. Naturalism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Pragmatism
RATIONALIZATION:
C. Realism. This educative process is viewed mainly as the transmission of information and
knowledge. The curriculum has the function of forming the body and this interrelationship gives
rise to the dictum "sound mind in a sound body."

33. Teachers in school perform the role and responsibility of parents in the development and
education of the child. This stems from the belief that the home is the primary agency in the
education of the individual. Thus, teachers are regarded as surrogate parents along the loco
parentis principle. Which philosophy espouses this view of education?
A. Pragmatism C. Idealism
B. Naturalism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION:
B. Naturalism - the school is seen as the extension of home and teachers are deemed "surrogate
parents".

34. This philosophy believes that students need a passionate encounter with the positive and
negative phases of life like the joy and agony of love, desirability of life, the inevitability of
death, the anguish of freedom and the consequences of choices and actions. Which philosophy
advocates this view in education?
A. Existentialism C. Essentialism
B. Perennialism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION:
A. Existentialism - it is a modern school of thought that grew out of the thoughts of European
philosophers, particularly from Soren Kierkegaard, who believes that the central problem
humanity is facing is the ability to cope with its existence.

35. The teacher should provide for shared experiences in the classroom that fosters cooperative
learning rather than competitive learning. Scientific means of inquiry complements such
atmosphere. Which theory advocates this view?
A. Existentialism C. Perennialism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism

36. This philosophy believes that ideas are inherent in the individual. This explains the nature of
the Socratic dialogue in teaching, where the teacher asks questions to wring out the ideas innate
in the learner. Which school of thought has advocated this belief?
A. Naturalism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Pragmatism

37. Teacher B believes that the learner can choose what he can become despite his environment.
A. Rationalist C. Existentialist
B. Behaviorist D. Progressivist
38. Teacher F is convinced that whenever a student performs a desired behavior, provided
reinforcement and soon the student will learn to perform the behavior on his own. On which
principle is Teacher F's conviction based?
A. Cognitivism C. Behaviorism
B. Environmentalism D. Constructivism
39. Changes in the T.H.E takes care of the cognitive needs of students. It also emphasizes the use
of project method as implied in DECS Order No. 91, s. 1998. The related philosophy is
.
A. Realism C. Progressivism
B. Existentialism D. Reconstructivism
40. DECS Order No. 13 s. 1998 entitled "Revised rules and regulations on the teaching of
religion" is emphasizing the development of one's spirituality and moral. What philosophy is
related to it?
A. Realism C. Essentialism
B. Idealism D. Progressivism
41. DECS Order No. 57 s. 1998 entitled "Clarification on the changes in the Social Studies
programs" offers Economics in 3rd year instead of 4th year. The change hopefully will provide
the needed social reform in alleviating the condition of poverty. What philosophy addresses this
concern?
A. Realism C. Essentialism
B. Existentialism D. Reconstructivism
42. DECS Order No. 54, s. 1995 entitled "War on Waste" helps students realize their role in the
conservation of nation's resources. This also helps instil discipline among them.
What philosophy is related to this?
A. Realism C. Perennialism
B. Essentialism D. Reconstructivism
43. Which philosophy has the educational objective to indoctrinate Filipinos to accept the
teachings of the Catholic church which is to foster faith in God?
A. Realism C. Idealism
B. Pragmatism D. Existentialism
44. Virtue as one component in the teaching of Rizal as a course focuses on the teaching of good
and beauty consistent with the good and beauty in God. What philosophy supports this?
A. Existentialism C. Progressivism
B. Idealism D. Reconstructivism
45. Scouting and Citizens Army Training (CAT) give training in character building, citizenship
training, etc. which leads to the creation of new social order and a new society eventually. What
philosophy supports this?
A. Existentialism C. Progressivism
B. Perennialism D. Reconstructivism
46. Teacher V demonstrated the technique on how to group students according to their needs and
interests and how to use self-paced instructional materials. Which philosophy is manifested in
this activity?
A. Essentialism C. Realism
B. Progressivism D. Reconstructivism
47. Teacher G, a Christian Living teacher, puts so much significance on values development and
discipline, what could be her educational philosophy?
A. Idealism C. Progressivism
B. Pragmatism D. Realism
48. What philosophy is related to the practice of schools acting as laboratory for teaching
reforms and experimentation?
A. Essentialism C. Progressivism
B. Existentialism D. Reconstructivism
49. What philosophy of education advocates that the curriculum should only include universal
and unchanging truths?
A. Essentialism C. Perennialism
B. Idealism D. Pragmatism
50. Which philosophy of education influence the singing of the National anthem in schools? A.
Nationalism C. Pragmatism
B. Naturalism D. Socialism
51. Who among the following believes that learning requires disciplined attention, regular
homework, and respect for legitimate authority?
A. Essentialist C. Realist
B. Progressivist D. Reconstructivist
52. Teacher G says: "If it is billiard that brings students out of the classroom, let us bring it into
the classroom. Perhaps, I can use it to teach Math." To which philosophy does Teacher G
adhere?
A. Essentialism C. Progressivism
B. Idealism D. Reconstructivism
53. Which philosophy influenced the cultivation of reflective and meditative skills in teaching?
A. Confucianism C. Taoism
B. Existentialism D. Zen Buddhism
54. “Specialization is knowing more and more about less and less”. It is better to be a generalist
claims Teacher R. What philosophy does she uphold?
A. Essentialism C. Progressivism
B. Existentialism D. Pragmatism
55. “Everything changes” explains the teacher. This entails readiness to accept challenges in life
and be ready to address it. What kind of philosophy can this be attributed?
A. Realism C. Behaviorism
B. Materialism D. Rationalism
56. “Life is what you make it”, exemplifies best what is :
A. Existentialist C. Idealist
B. Humanist D. Realist
57. If Teacher V believes that learning also takes place in having interaction with the
environment, this teacher can be regarded as:
A. Pragmatist C. Realist
B. Empricist D. Herbalist
58. Teacher Q is concerned more on conceptual matters since reality is mental. She upholds this
kind of philosophy:
A. Empiricism C. Idealism
B. Realism D. Progressivism
59. Teacher W is known in giving great importance on humanistic education. Which of the
following will depict this trait?
A. Developing students into thinking individuals
B. Making students civilized, distinctly educated and refined
C. Giving the students the freedom to choose and decide for themselves
D. Teaching the students the different works of civilization
60. To come closer to the truth we need to "go back to the things themselves." This is the advice
of the .
A. Behaviorists C. Idealists
B. Phenomenologists D. Pragmatists
61. Which group of philosophers maintain that "truth exists in an objective order that is
independent of the knower"? / Teacher D believes that "truth exists in an objective order and
independent of the knower".
She is considered .
A. Idealists C. Existentialists
B. Pragmatists D. Realists
62. Edukasyong Kagandahang Asal at Wastong Pag-uugali (EKAWP) is integrated in the New
Elementary School Curriculum. Which philosophy supports the teaching of EKAWP in the
elementary school?
A. Taoism C. Hinduism
B. Buddhism D. Confucianism
63. Who is most likely to advise you to modify your classroom environment in such a way that
your pupils will be motivated to learn?
A. Humanist C. Cognitivist
B. Behaviorist D. Existentialist
64. You arrive at knowledge by re-thinking of latent ideas. From whom does this thought come?
A. Experimentalist C. Idealist
B. Realist D. Existentialist
65. If a student believes in this passage "One cannot see perfection but i long for it" then, the
student can be regarded as
/ Student B claims: "I cannot see perfection but I long for it.
So it must be real." Under which group can he be classified?
A. Idealist D. Pragmatist E. Humanist
B. Empiricist C. Realist
66. If a teacher would say that honesty is still an important value even if no one values it, the
teacher can be regarded as .
A. Realist C. Idealist
B. Empiricist D. Positivist
ENCODED BY:
icko reyes
5. When a teacher emphasizes that man’s sense should be trusted because they are the only
way to acquire knowledge, the teacher can be regarded as . A. Naturalist C. Empiricist
B. Realist D. Pragmatist
RATIONALIZATION: C -Empiricism. Empiricism upholds that the only source of knowledge is
the senses and sense-based experience.
6. Teacher K views her pupils as unique, free choosing, and responsible individuals. She plans
activities where the pupil can develop his unique personality. What theory underlies this nature
of the pupil?
A. Realism C. Existentialism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of self
hood whose fundamental doctrine proclaims man’s freedom in the accomplishment of his
destiny. In this case, emphasis is given on the students rather than on the curriculum content.
7. "Learning is the process of retrieving prior learning", this is a statement from _. A.
Constructivist C. Progressivist
B. Reconstructivist D. Empiricist
RATIONALIZATION: A. Constructivist. As defined, Constructivism is a philosophy of learning
which asserts that reality does not exist outside of the human conceptions. It is the individual that
construct reality by reflecting on his own experience and gives meaning to it. It is founded on the
premise that by reflecting on our own experiences, we construct our own understanding of the
world we live in. Therefore, learning is simply the process of adjusting our mental modes to
accommodate new experiences.
8. Teacher U teaches to his pupils that pleasure is not the highest good. Teacher's teaching is
against what philosophy?
A. Realism C. Epicureanism
B. Hedonism D. Empiricism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Hedonism. Epicureanism is just a form of Hedonism. Hedonism is the
general, Epicureanism is the specific. Always select the general answer.
9. After listening to the homily of the Priest about fidelity, Catherine has a moment of reflection.
Her understanding of the value of fidelity has become deeper as she related this to her past
experience. This typifies what kind of philosophy?
A. Constructivism C. Humanism
B. Reconstructivism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Constructivism. Constructivism is a philosophy of learning which
asserts that reality does not exist outside the human conceptions. It is the individual who
construct reality by reflecting on his own experience and gives meaning to it.
10. After studying the Principle of Identity, Teacher W asks her students to determine which
among the given set of problems conforms to the said identity. This shows that Teacher W
upholds what kind of Philosophy?
A. Perennialism C. Essentialism
B. Progressivism D. Naturalism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Progressivism. Progressivism is a philosophy of learning by doing
things.
11. Thea listened to the advice given by her sister to end the relationship that she has with
Gilbert. However, her sister learned that the advice she has given was not followed and Thea
decided to continue the relationship. This action of Thea is a manifestation of what kind of
philosophy?
A. Essentialism C. Perennialism
B. Existentialism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of
selfhood
and proclaims man’s freedom in the accomplishment of his destiny.
12. After finishing the degree in Education, Teacher M learns that learning never stops. In fact,
she accumulates more knowledge after leaving the portal of her alma mater. This typifies what
kind of philosophy?
A. Constructivism C. Progressivism
B. Perennialism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Progressivism. Progressivism connotes change, growth and
development. It is an active form of philosophy for it continues to evolve.
13. Matilda is an advocate of the principle “making the most of your life”. She is indeed an
advocate of what kind of philosophy?
A. Humanism C. Realism
B. Perennialism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Humanism. Humanism is a philosophy that stresses to “live life to the
fullest”.
14. Teacher X is a very dedicated teacher in the nursery. Her foremost concern is for students to
learn how to adapt themselves in the environment. This shows that Teacher X upholds what kind
of philosophy?
A. Naturalism C. Progressivism
B. Pragmatism D. Rationalism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Naturalism. Naturalism aims to unfold the child’s potential, not to
prepare him for a definite vocation or social position but to prepare him to adapt to the changing
times and needs.
15. Teacher J serves as an inspiration to his students because of his efficiency and effectiveness
as a teacher. The mind set of his students towards him/her is an instance of what kind of
philosophy?
A. Realism C. Nationalism
B. Idealism D. Constructivism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Idealism. Idealism is a philosophy which asserts that what’s in the
mind is the only reality. In this situation, the teacher inspires his/her students through the values
that he/she possessed. Values are absolute are told to belong in realm of ideas. Hence, these are
considered as ideas that exist only in the mind.
16. John learns well through active interplay with others. His learning increases when engaged in
activities that has meaning in him. Which philosophy can describe this?
A. Progressivism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Empiricism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Progressivism. Progressivism is a philosophy of hands of learning or
experiential learning. “Learning by doing”. Learning is based from the questions of one’s
experience of the world. Hence, it is the learner himself who thinks, solves, and gives meaning
through his individual experiences.
17. Your teacher is of the opinion that the world and everything in it are ever changing and so
teaches you the skill to cope with the changes. Which in his governing philosophy?
A. Experimentalism C. Idealism
B. Existentialism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Experimentalism. Experimentalism believes that things are constantly
changing. It is based on the view that reality is what works right now and that goodness comes
from group decisions. As a result, schools exist to discover and expand the society we live in.
Students study social experiences and solve problems.
18. Principal C shares this thought with his teachers: "Subject matter should help students
understand and appreciate themselves as unique individuals who accept complete responsibility
for their thoughts, feelings, and actions." From which philosophy is this thought
based? / Teacher V teaches her students to appreciate themselves as unique individuals and are
to accept the responsibility to their feelings, actions and thoughts. She upholds the philosophy of
.
A. Perennialism C. Existentialism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of
selfhood
and proclaims man’s freedom in the accomplishment of his destiny.
19. Teacher H class is engage in problem solving activity which in a way is a reflection of the
personal and social experiences. The purpose of this activity is for the students to acquire the
skills that can help them in solving their own real-life problems. What philosophy can best
describe this?
A. Realism C. Progressivism
B. Idealism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Progressivism. Progressivism connotes growth and development. In
this manner learning comes best when things are being experienced, that is learning by doing
things. It involves participation of the students and allows them to exercise freedom.
20. In the Social Science class of Teacher G, students identify the various social and economic
problems that require urgent solutions. They not only discuss the ways to address it but also
agreed to participate in solving them. What kind of philosophy does this class uphold?
A. Naturalism C. Progressivism
B. Constructivism D. Reconstructivism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Reconstructivism. Reconstructivism covers the underlying factors
that constitute reality or society. In this regard, students are encourage to become involved in the
problems whether political, social, or economical that confront the society and be able to arrive
at solutions in order to reconstruct society.
21. A curriculum should only include those that have survived the test of time and combine the
symbols of literature, history, and mathematics. Thus, curriculum like this contains values that
are constant and universal. What philosophy describes this kind of curriculum?
A. Idealism C. Humanism
B. Perennialism D. Essentialism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Perennialism. Perennialism maintains that education involves
confronting the problems and questions that have challenged people over the centuries. Thus
there is a need to study classical tradition of great books.
22. Who among the following puts more emphasis on core requirements, longer school day,
longer academic year and more challenging textbooks?
A. Perennialist C. Progressivist
B. Essentialist D. Existentialist
RATIONALIZATION: B. Essentialist. Essentialism is an educational theory rooted in classical
realism and idealism which advocates curricular reform stressing the essentials of the basics like
the 3R's.
23. “Education is a continuous process of experiencing and of visiting or reorganizing
experiences “according to a Progressivist. What does it mean?
A. Education begins and ends in school.
B. Education takes place anytime and anywhere. C. Education happens formally and informally.
D. Education goes on throughout life.
RATIONALIZATION: D. Education goes on throughout life. Progressivism connotes growth
and development. It is an active form of philosophy for it continues to evolve.
24. Mr. Cruz exemplifies an ideal teacher and son. He is competent in his field based on the
various recognitions that he received from his school. As a dutiful son, he assumes all the
responsibilities of raising his family (this includes his parents, siblings, and their own families) –
giving all their needs and wants. The fulfilment of these is the neglect of the responsibilities to
himself. This attitude of Mr. Cruz is against what kind of philosophy?
A. Existentialism C. Pragmatism
B. Constructivism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Humanism. Humanism stresses personal culture, individual freedom,
and development (the best way towards full and rich lives).
25. Teacher R ensures to put a certain amount of his monthly earnings in the bank. At the end of
the school year, he used all his savings in visiting places rich of cultural heritages rather than of
buying expensive clothes, jewellery, and latest gadgets. Favoring the former action over the latter
exhibits that Teacher R follows what kind of philosophy?
A. Existentialism C. Behaviorism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Existentialism. Existentialism is a philosophy that gives a person the
freedom to choose. It is a philosophy of subjectivity.
26. Teacher R ensures to put a certain amount of his monthly earnings in the bank. At the end of
the school year, he used all his savings in visiting places rich of cultural heritages rather than of
buying expensive clothes, jewellery, and latest gadgets. This shows that Teacher R is an
advocate of what kind of philosophy?
A. Pragmatism C. Naturalism
B. Perennialism D. Essentialism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Perennialism. Perennialism views education as a recurring process
based on eternal truths. Good education involves a search for and understanding of truth which
can all be found in the great works of civilization.
27. Teacher X rates the art work of her students not just on the merit of its appeal to the senses
but also considers its uniqueness and the responsibility that every student has given in
accomplishing the task. This practice shows how Teacher X upholds this kind of philosophy:
A. Realism C. Idealism
B. Reconstructivism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Existentialism. Conceives philosophy as something that is felt by an
individual because it’s concrete in itself or based on what is concrete. There is also personal
involvement in this kind of philosophy.
28. In line with the philosophy of Reconstructivism, which of the following should be given
emphasis in teaching?
A. To seek a better position in the society
B. To compare oneself with the less fortunate
C. To become economically self-reliant
D. To designate one’s superiority over the others
RATIONALIZATION: C. To become economically self-reliant. Reconstructivism aims to
achieve social changes. This is a philosophy that entails the identification of social problems,
finding solutions for this and be a part of the solution.
29. Joining organizations or clubs in school is requisite to granting of academic distinction under
DECS Order No. 65, s. 1998. This shows school community connection reflected in activities
geared towards society's needs. What philosophy is related to this? / Activities planned by
school clubs or organizations show school-community connection geared towards society's
needs. What philosophy is related to this?
A. Realism C. Existentialism
B. Progressivism D. Reconstructivism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Reconstructivism. Reconstructivism aims to achieve social changes.
This is a philosophy that entails the identification of social problems, finding solutions for this
and be a part of the solution.
30. Increase of time allotment in English, Math and Science in the Elementary level under the
New Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) as provided in DECS Order No. 1, s. 1993
contributes in the culturation of basic literacy by providing the needed essential skills. The
related philosophy is .
A. Realism C. Idealism
B. Essentialism D. Perennialism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Essentialism. Essentialism is an educational theory rooted in classical
realism and idealism which advocates curricular reform stressing the essentials of the basics like
the 3R's.
31. Teacher A believes that the learner is the product of his environment. Sometimes he has no
choice. He/she is determined by his environment.
A. Rationalist C. Existentialist
B. Behaviorist D. Progressivist
RATIONALIZATION: B. Behaviorist. A behaviourist believes that human behaviour can be
best explained in terms of responses to external stimuli. Also, education can be best achieved by
modifying or changing student behaviours in a socially acceptable manner through the
arrangement of the conditions for learning. The control is obtained not by manipulating the
individual, but the environment.
32. The curriculum is viewed as a means of developing desirable habits. It is recommended that
the way /means to form these habits is through the mastery of organized subject matter. Which
philosophy is behind this educational view?
A. Naturalism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Pragmatism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Realism. This educative process is viewed mainly as the transmission
of information and knowledge. The curriculum has the function of forming the body and this
interrelationship gives rise to the dictum "sound mind in a sound body."
33. Teachers in school perform the role and responsibility of parents in the development and
education of the child. This stems from the belief that the home is the primary agency in the
education of the individual. Thus, teachers are regarded as surrogate parents along the loco
parentis principle. Which philosophy espouses this view of education?
A. Pragmatism C. Idealism
B. Naturalism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Naturalism - the school is seen as the extension of home and teachers
are deemed "surrogate parents".
34. This philosophy believes that students need a passionate encounter with the positive and
negative phases of life like the joy and agony of love, desirability of life, the inevitability of
death, the anguish of freedom and the consequences of choices and actions. Which philosophy
advocates this view in education?
A. Existentialism C. Essentialism
B. Perennialism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Existentialism - it is a modern school of thought that grew out of the
thoughts of European philosophers , particularly from Soren Kierkegaard, who believes that the
central problem humanity is facing is the ability to cope with its existence.
35. The teacher should provide for shared experiences in the classroom that fosters cooperative
learning rather than competitive learning. Scientific means of inquiry complements such
atmosphere. Which theory advocates this view?
A. Existentialism C. Perennialism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
36. This philosophy believes that ideas are inherent in the invidual. This explains the nature of
the Socratic dialogue in teaching, where the teacher asks questions to wring out the ideas innate
in the learner. Which school of thought has advocated this belief?
A. Naturalism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Pragmatism
37. Teacher B believes that the learner can choose what he can become despite his environment.
A. Rationalist C. Existentialist
B. Behaviorist D. Progressivist
38. Teacher F is convinced that whenever a student performs a desired behavior, provided
reinforcement and soon the student will learn to perform the behavior on his own. On which
principle is Teacher F's conviction based?
A. Cognitivism C. Behaviorism
B. Environmentalism D. Constructivism
39. Changes in the T.H.E takes care of the cognitive needs of students. It also emphasizes the use
of project method as implied in DECS Order No. 91, s. 1998. The related philosophy is
.
A. Realism C. Progressivism
B. Existentialism D. Reconstructivism
40. DECS Order No. 13 s. 1998 entitled "Revised rules and regulations on the teaching of
religion" is emphasizing the development of one's spirituality and moral. What philosophy is
related to it?
A. Realism C. Essentialism
B. Idealism D. Progressivism
41. DECS Order No. 57 s. 1998 entitled "Clarification on the changes in the Social Studies
programs" offers Economics in 3rd year instead of 4th year. The change hopefully will provide
the needed social reform in alleviating the condition of poverty. What philosophy addresses this
concern?
A. Realism C. Essentialism
B. Existentialism D. Reconstructivism

42. DECS Order No. 54, s. 1995 entitled "War on Waste" helps students realize their role in the
conservation of nation's resources. This also helps instill discipline among them.
What philosophy is related to this?
A. Realism C. Perennialism
B. Essentialism D. Reconstructivism

43. Which philosophy has the educational objective to indoctrinate Filipinos to accept the
teachings of the Catholic church which is to foster faith in God?
A. Realism C. Idealism
B. Pragmatism D. Existentialism
C. In idealism, the aim of education is to discover and develop each individual's abilities and full
moral excellence in order to better serve society. The curricular emphasis is subject matter of
mind: literature, history, philosophy, and religion.

44. Virtue as one component in the teaching of Rizal as a course focuses on the teaching of good
and beauty consistent with the good and beauty in God. What philosophy supports this?
A. Existentialism C. Progressivism
B. Idealism D. Reconstructivism

45. Scouting and Citizens Army Training (CAT) give training in character building, citizenship
training, etc. which leads to the creation of new social order and a new society eventually. What
philosophy supports this?
A. Existentialism C. Progressivism
B. Perennialism D. Reconstructivism

CHILD AND ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT

50 items😍 60-100 will be posted later🙏
1. The process by which certain potentials are inherited from the parents for his development
a. Life c. Heredity
b. Birth d. Character
Correct answer: c
2. This theory states that there are 8 basic development stages that the individual has to pass
through his life
a. Learning Theory
b. Psychoanalytic Theory
c. Psychosocial Theory
d. Cognitive Development
Correct answer: c
3. Transition age from childhood to adulthood where rapid physical changes and sex maturity
occur resulting in changes in ways of feelings, thinking and acting.
a. Puberty c. Early adulthood
b. Adolescence d. Stage V
Correct answer: b
4. Modifying an existing scheme after an individual’s interaction with the environment, resulting
in the creation of a new scheme.
a. Assimilation c. Recognition
b. Interaction d. Accommodation
Correct answer: d
5. Theory stating that a person’s behavior can be motivated by urges towards self satisfaction.
a. Psychoanalytic Theory
b. Cognitive development theory
c. Psychosocial Theory
d. Moral development theory
Correct answer: A
6. The ability of a child to conceptualize the retention and preservation of the same quantity
under various changes.
a. Recognition c. Assimilation
b. Reversibility d. Conservation
Correct answer: D
7. Refers to the idea that no individual are exactly the same or alike.
a. Cognitive theory c. Individual differences
b. Exclusivity theory d. Emotional quotient
Correct answer: C
8. He is known as the Father of Modern I.Q. Test
a. Lewis Terman c. Laurence Kohlberg
b. Erick Erickson d. Martin Lesley
Correct answer: A
9. “Intellectual appreciative Experience” is …
a. base on the premise that all learning has emotional correlates
b. obtained in the field of music, art and literature
c. the acquisition and retention o acts and information
d. assumes that human activities are based on stimulus and response
Correct answer: A
10. These statements imply that children at the early learning stage consider parents and teachers
as authorities and models.
a. Parents and teachers should always coordinate children’s activities
b. Parents should enforce strict discipline at home and teachers in school
c. Parents and teachers should be the role models at all times
d. Parents and teachers should always consult each other with regards the child’s intellectual
development
Correct answer: C
11. Any change in the behavior of an individual
a. Learning c. Change
b. Response d. Development
Correct answer: A
12. Which of the following principles IS NOT considered under Classical Conditioning by Ivan
Pavlov?
a. Excitation
b. Adhesive Principle
c. Stimulus Generalization
d. None of the above
Correct answer: D
13. The reinforcement of a person’s responses by presentation or removal of rewards and
punishment.
a. Operant conditioning c. Feedback Principle
b. Transfer of learning d. Discipline
Correct answer: C
14. This stimulation of action best explains the behavior of an individual to take what he
perceives to be the shortest route to his goals.
a. Recognition c. Response
b. Assimilation d. Motivation
Correct answer: D
15. The process by which an individual acquires the social and cultural heritage o the society
where he belongs.
a. Socialization c. Integration
b. Internalization d. Acquisition
Correct answer: A
16. Philosophy of education’s main function.
a. Aid the leaner to build his own personal philosophy
b. Definition o goals and setting of directions from which education
c. Educations carries on a lifetime cycle
d. Provision of academic background prerequisite to learning
Correct answer: B
17. According to Froebel, kindergarten is also known as “____________?
a. children have fun and enjoyment
b. Garden where children could grow
c. He learning Center for Life
d. Where new beginnings begin
Correct answer: A
18. Which of the following statements is given emphasis by “humanistic education?”
a. The great works of man such as the classics should be enjoyed.
b. Man should learn the different philosophies of education
c. “Build a man who is distinctly civilized, educations and refined”
d. Develop man into a thinking individual
Correct answer: C
19. A teacher who advocates the pragmatic philosophy of education believes that experience
should follow learning, thus, she has to?
a. require her student mastery of the lessons
b. encourage her students to memorize facts
c. equip her students with basic skills and abilities
d. provide her student with opportunities to apply their skills and abilities
Correct answer: D
20. How are institutions of learning encouraged to set higher standards over and above the
minimum requirement for state recognition?
a. Scholastic achievement
b. Faculty development
c. Academic freedom
d. Voluntary accreditation
Correct answer: D
21. The period of physical, especially sexual, and mental maturation which is characterized by
rapid somatic growth is known as
a. infancy c. puberty
b. early childhood d. adulthood
Correct answer: C
22. Claustrophobia is an irrational fear of
a. Darkness c. closed space
b. strangers d. height
Correct answer: C
23. An eye defect characterized by clear vision in one dimension but unfocused vision on the
other is called
a. myopia c. hyperopia
b. astigmatism d. presbyopia
Correct answer: B
24. Which of the following statements does not apply to adolescents?
a. they desire the approval of their peers
b. they seek dependence on their parents
c. they have a marked sex development
d. none of the above
Correct answer: B
25. As young people mature, society expects them to develop competencies and assume social
roles in a conventional manner.
a. expectation of parents
b. influence of peers groups
c. influence of formal education
d. cultural demands
Correct answer: D
26. The founder of the theory of psychology called psychoanalysis was
a. Lock c. Freud
b. Hume d. Leibnitz
Correct answer: C
27. When the learner reaches a point where no further improvement can be expected, he is in a
so-called
a. development crisis c. regression
b. learning plateau d. depression
Correct answer: B
28. Regarding the sexual maturation o boys and girls, teachers should bear in mind that:
a. girls mature at a late stage than boys
b. girls mature at an earlier stage than boys
c. boys and girls mature at the same time
d. there are no marked differences in heir time of maturity
Correct answer: B
29. Rationalization is used by student who
a. always give explanation or reason for their failures rather than own their faults
b. like to take the blame for their faults
c. bribe their elders with promises
d. substitute words for deeds
Correct answer: A
30. Which of the following is true of Abnormal Psychology?
a. it studies the cause of personality defects
b. it measures the accomplishments of the individual
c. it concentrates on the scholastic performance of the individual
d. it investigates the educational background of the individual
Correct answer: A
31. Which of the following is a continuous variable?
a. weight c. nationality
b. sex d. race
Correct answer: A
32. Which of the following is true about one’s IQ?
a. it remains fairly constant
b. it is highly changeable
c. it is affected by attitude
d. it is never constant
Correct answer: A
33. Transfer of training easily takes place if the activities involved
a. Are different
b. Have identical element
c. Occur in the same place
d. Vary in difficulty
Correct answer: B
34. When the learner is well-motivated, he performs his task
a. with indifference c. with arrogance
b. with disinterest d. with enthusiasm
Correct answer: D
35. A six-year-old child who has a mental age of eight years has an IQ of
a. 120 b. 130 c. 132 d. 133
Correct answer: D
36. The ratio obtained by dividing mental age by chronological age times 100 is called
a. derived quotient
b. deviation
c. intelligence quotient or IQ
d. intelligence ratio
Correct answer: C
37. Which of the following was written by Plato?
a. Sic et Non c. The Republic
b. The School and Society d. Emile
Correct answer: C
38. Who among those below asserted that “Education is for complete living”
a. Dewey c. Kant
b. Spencer d. Froebel
Correct answer: B
39. The right of an educational institution and its faculty to prescribe the methods/strategies of
teaching refers to:
a. building style
b. choice of curriculum
c. academic freedom
d. co and extra curricular program
Correct answer: C
40. The 1987 Constitution provides that religious institution can be given
a. with the students’ consent
b. with the parent/guardian approval
c. with mayor’s permit
d. with the school’s support
Correct answer: B
41. Public schools in the Philippines are the contribution of which colonizer?
a. American c. Japanese
b. British d. Spanish
Correct answer: A
42. Hardship allowance is given to a teacher when
a. he’s assigned in a depressed area
b. he’s given additional teaching load
c. he’s in lahar area
d. he’s assigned in a hazardous area
Correct answer: C
43. The ability for quantitative learning of the relations of facts taken from newspaper readings,
letter writing and the like is called:
a. functional literacy c. Knowledge outcome
b. adjustment learning d. Social competence
Correct answer: D
44. A teacher who gives a uniform assignment to be worked out by all learners in Arithmetic is
not observing a characteristic of a good assignment. Which characteristic is overlooked?
a. It should be definite
b. It should be stimulating
c. It should emphasize the essential
d. It should provide for individual differences
Correct answer: D
45. If a student ask a question which the teacher does not have a ready answer, the latter should:
a. dismiss the question as irrelevant
b. offer a bluff
c. admit the fact that he doesn’t know the answer
d. ask volunteers to answer the question and do research on it later.
Correct answer: D
46. The heredity traits acquired by a person in his lifetime;
a. are transmissible to his offspring
b. reappear in his future grandparent
c. Have no influence on the offspring
d. Become recessive traits
Correct answer: A
47. When student are given a chance to settle differences of opinion by discussion, they develop:
a. fair play c. irritants
b. tolerance d. sociability
Correct answer: B
48. The school’s responsibility towards teenagers “gang age” is:
a. provide the gang all the freedom it needs
b. gives classroom activities to give direction to out-of-school youth activities
c. supervise gang activities
d. set up norms of conduct or the member of the gang
Correct answer: B
49. In an intelligence test, a 13-year old girl got a score equivalent to that of a 15-year old. This
means:
a. that the girl must be accelerated
b. that the girl is 2-years older mentally
c. that the girl has a chronological age of 15
d. that she has a mental age of 13
Correct answer: B
50. Which statement is not necessary to achieve the learner’s interest in a learning activity?
a. the activity must lead to a practical end
b. the activity must be within the ability of the learner
c. the activity must fill a need recognized by the learner
d. the learner must have the experience that will furnish the background for the activity
Correct answer: A