2-1 An air filled rubber ball has a diameter of 150 mm. If the air pressure within it is increased until the ball’s diameter becomes 175 mm, determine the average nomal strain in the rubber. dg = 150 mm d=175mm pata dy 173-150 _ 9 167 eminem dg 130 2-2 A thin strip of rubber has an unstretched length of 300 mm. If it is stretched around a pipe having an outer diameter of 100 mm, determine the average normal strain in the strip. Ly = 300mm L=7(5mm) E~Lo _ 1007-300 _ =r = 0.0472 mm/mm =~ Ans. Zp 300 2-3 The rigid beam is supported by a pin at A and wires BD and CE, If the load P on the beam causes the end C to be displaced 10 mm downward, determine the normal strain developed in wires CE and BD. Alap _ Alice 3° C7 Algp = 20 = 4.286 mm ece = Mt = 19 ~ 9.00250 mm/tnm L 4000 esp = Alen - $286 | ooo1o7mmimm Ans2-7 The two wires are connected together at A. Ifthe force P causes point A to be displaced horizontally 2 mm, deter- mine the normal strain developed in each wire. Lge = ¥30? + 2? = 2(300)2) cos 150° = 301.734 mm Lnc—lac _ 301.734 — 300 ac = Ean = noe Lac 300 = 0.00578 mm/mm = Ans -2-$ Part of a control linkage for an airplane consisis of a jid member CBD and a flexible cable AB. If a force is to the end D of the member and causes it to rotate by 0=0.3', determine the normal strain in the cabie, Originally the cable is unstretched. AB = 400° + 300? = 500mm AB’ = [400° + 300? — 2(400)(300) cos 90.3° = 501.255 mm AB’ — AB _ 501.255 — 500 eas = “ AB 500 = 0.00251 mm/mm Ans2-9 Part of a control linkage for an airplane consists of a rigid member CBD nd a flexible cable AB. If a force is applied to the end D of the member and causes a normal Strain in the cable of 0.0035 mm/mm, determine the dis- Placement of point D. Originally the cable is unstretched AB = 300? + 400? = 500mm AB’ = AB + €4pAB = 500 + 0,0035(500) = 501.75 mm 501.757 = 300° + 400° - 2(300)(400) cos @ a = 90.4185° m = ° — 90° = 0.4185° = (0.4185) rad 6 = 90.4185 - 90° = 0.41 Tao’ x = = ——)(0.4185) = 438mm Ans Ap = 600(@) = 600( Tao219 The three cords are attached to the ring at B. When a force is applied to the ring it moves itto point B’, such that the normal strain in AB is ean and the normal strain in CB is «ca. Provided these strains are small, determine the nor- in DB. Note that AB and CB remain horizontal and vertical, respectively, due to the roller guides at A and c Coordinates of B ( Leos@ , Lsin®) Coordinates of B’ (L cos + 4p L cos, Lsin® + écp L sin®) Low = J (Leos6 + eq Leos)? + (L sind + &cy Lsin Low = L ycos*6 (1 + 2eqn + fy) + Sin? 1 + 2Ece + €Bp) Since £4 and £cp are small, pp = L 1 + (2 €4g00s?@ + 2ecgsin® 6) Use the binomial theorem, lpr = L(1 4 3e an COs”@ + 2ecpsin®@)) = L(1 + &p c08°@ + Ecpsin’8) LCL + é4p cos’@ + ecasin’@) - L Thus, = pp = Z Epp = Eagcos’@ + Ecasin’@ Ans*2-12 The triangular plate is fixed at its base, and its apex Ais given a horizontal displacement of § mm. Determine the shear strain yoy at A. L = 800 + 5? — 2(800)(5) cos 135° = 803.54mm sinl3S = sin@g = 44750 = 0.7810 rad 803.58 800 Yy = = - 20 = 2 - 20.7810) . my FF 2 Bonn e,, = 0.00880 rad Ans = A 2.13 The triangu plate is fixed at its base, and its apex displacement of 5 mm, Determine the everage normal strain ¢, along the x axis, Sam +, A L = £800? + 5? — 2(800)(5) cos 135° = 803.54 mm 803.54 - 800 &, = ———— = 0.0044 200 3 mm /mm Ans244 ‘The triangular plate is fixed at is base, and its apex A iis given a horizontal displacement of 5 mm. Determine the average normal strain ¢, along the x axis. 86 Oma Ae t Sma, L = 800 cos 45° = 565.69 mm 0.00884 mm/mm Ans 2-25 The rectangular pine is subjected to the deformation shown by the dashed lines. Determine the average shear strain yyy of the plate. 3 ty = tn yy = 2 2 9, ‘xy Vey 150 02rad = Ans42.24 The rectangular plate is subjected to the deforma- tion shown by the dashed lines. Determine the average nor- ‘mal strains along the diagonal AC and side AB. & guomto € Bay He 418 (40h 4 BG, am om a" For AC: 3 un (2 @=tn Ga 6=1.1458° g =90° + 1.1458" = 91.1458" BA’ = (150) + GB)? = 150.0300 mm 150.0300)? + (200)? = 2(150.0300)(200)eos 91.1458° A‘C' = 252.4064 mm AC = 7200)? + (150)? = 250 mm 252.4064 250 _ 9.99963 mm/mm Ans 250 AC fac = For AB : ap = 150.0300= 150 _ 9.000200 mm /mm ‘Ans 150