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Common European
Framework of
Reference for
Language skills
Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) self-
assessment grids

UNDERSTANDING
family and immediate concrete surroundings when people speak slowly and
clearly.

Listening A2

I can understand phrases and the highest frequency vocabulary related to

areas of most immediate personal relevance (e.g. very basic personal and
family information, shopping, local area, employment). I can catch the main
point in short, clear, simple messages and announcements.

Listening B1

I can understand the main points of clear standard speech on familiar matters
regularly encountered in work, school, leisure, etc. I can understand the main
point of many radio or TV programmes on current affairs or topics of personal or
professional interest when the delivery is relatively slow and clear.

Listening B2

I can understand extended speech and lectures and follow even complex lines
of argument provided the topic is reasonably familiar. I can understand most TV
news and current affairs programmes. I can understand the majority of films in
standard dialect.

Listening C1

I can understand extended speech even when it is not clearly structured and
when relationships are only implied and not signalled explicitly. I can understand
television programmes and films without too much effort.
or broadcast, even when delivered at fast native speed, provided I have some
time to get familiar with the accent.

Reading A1

I can understand familiar names, words and very simple sentences, for example
on notices and posters or in catalogues.

Reading A2

I can read very short, simple texts. I can find specific, predictable information in
simple everyday material such as advertisements, prospectuses, menus and
timetables and I can understand short simple personal letters.

Reading B1

I can understand texts that consist mainly of high frequency everyday or job-
related language. I can understand the description of events, feelings and
wishes in personal letters.

Reading B2

I can read articles and reports concerned with contemporary problems in which
the writers adopt particular attitudes or viewpoints. I can understand
contemporary literary prose.

Reading C1

I can understand long and complex factual and literary texts, appreciating
distinctions of style. I can understand specialised articles and longer technical
instructions, even when they do not relate to my field.
abstract, structurally or linguistically complex texts such as manuals, specialised
articles and literary works.

SPEAKING

Spoken Interaction A1

I can interact in a simple way provided the other person is prepared to repeat or
rephrase things at a slower rate of speech and help me formulate what I'm
trying to say. I can ask and answer simple questions in areas of immediate need
or on very familiar topics.

Spoken Interaction A2

I can communicate in simple and routine tasks requiring a simple and direct
exchange of information on familiar topics and activities. I can handle very short
social exchanges, even though I can't usually understand enough to keep the
conversation going myself.

Spoken Interaction B1

I can deal with most situations likely to arise whilst travelling in an area where
the language is spoken. I can enter unprepared into conversation on topics that
are familiar, of personal interest or pertinent to everyday life (e.g. family,
hobbies, work, travel and current events).

Spoken Interaction B2

I can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular
interaction with native speakers quite possible. I can take an active part in
discussion in familiar contexts, accounting for and sustaining my views.
searching for expressions. I can use language flexibly and effectively for social
and professional purposes. I can formulate ideas and opinions with precision
and relate my contribution skilfully to those of other speakers.

Spoken Interaction C2

I can take part effortlessly in any conversation or discussion and have a good
familiarity with idiomatic expressions and colloquialisms. I can express myself
fluently and convey finer shades of meaning precisely. If I do have a problem I
can backtrack and restructure around the difficulty so smoothly that other
people are hardly aware of it.

Spoken Production A1

I can use simple phrases and sentences to describe where I live and people I
know.

Spoken Production A2

I can use a series of phrases and sentences to describe in simple terms my

family and other people, living conditions, my educational background and my
present or most recent job.

Spoken Production B1

I can connect phrases in a simple way in order to describe experiences and

events, my dreams, hopes and ambitions. I can briefly give reasons and
explanations for opinions and plans. I can narrate a story or relate the plot of a
book or film and describe my reactions.
my field of interest. I can explain a viewpoint on a topical issue giving the
advantages and disadvantages of various options.

Spoken Production C1

I can present clear, detailed descriptions of complex subjects integrating sub-

themes, developing particular points and rounding off with an appropriate
conclusion.

Spoken Production C2

I can present a clear, smoothly-flowing description or argument in a style

appropriate to the context and with an effective logical structure which helps the
recipient to notice and remember significant points.

WRITING

Writing A1

I can write a short, simple postcard, for example sending holiday greetings. I
can fill in forms with personal details, for example entering my name, nationality
and address on a hotel registration form.

Writing A2

I can write short, simple notes and messages relating to matters in areas of
immediate needs. I can write a very simple personal letter, for example thanking
someone for something.

Writing B1

I can write simple connected text on topics which are familiar or of personal
interest. I can write personal letters describing experiences and impressions.
 interests. I can write an essay or report, passing on information or giving
reasons in support of or against a particular point of view. I can write letters
highlighting the personal significance of events and experiences.

Writing C1

I can express myself in clear, wellstructured text, expressing points of view at

some length. I can write about complex subjects in a letter, an essay or a report,
underlining what I consider to be the salient issues. I can select style
appropriate to the reader in mind.

Writing C2

I can write clear, smoothly-flowing text in an appropriate style. I can write

complex letters, reports or articles which present a case with an effective logical
structure which helps the recipient to notice and remember significant points. I
can write summaries and reviews of professional or literary works.

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