6 TRIANGLES

OBJECTIVE SECTION
[BASIC/STANDARD]

I. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. In the figure, O is the point of intersection of two chords AB and CD such that OB =
OD. Then triangles OAC and ODB are:
(a) equilateral but not similar A D

(b) isosceles but not similar 45°

O
(c) equilateral and similar C B
(d) isosceles and similar
2. D and E are respectively the points on the sides AB and AC of a triangle ABC such that
AD = 2 cm, BD = 3 cm, BC = 7.5 cm and DE || BC. Then, length of DE (in cm) is:
(a) 2.5 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 6
3. In the figure, ∠BAC = 90° and AD ⊥ BC. Then : A
(a) BD · CD = BC2
(b) AB · AC = BC2
(c) BD · CD = AD2
(d) AB · AC = AD2 B D C

4. If the lengths of the diagonals of a rhombus are 16 cm and 12 cm, then, the length of the
side of the rhombus is :
(a) 9 cm (b) 10 cm (c) 8 cm (d) 20 cm
5. If DABC ∼ DEDF and DABC is not similar to DDEF, then which of the following is not
true?
(a) BC · EF = AC · FD (b) AB · EF = AC · DE
(c) BC · DE = AB · EF (d) BC · DE = AB · FD
AB BC CA
6. If in two triangles ABC and PQR, = = , then :
QR PR PQ
(a) DPQR ∼ DCAB (b) DPQR ∼ DABC
(c) DCBA ∼ DPQR (d) DBCA ∼ DPQR

Real Numbers 29
 A D
6 cm
7. In the figure, two line segments AC and BD intersect 5 cm 30°
P
each other at the point P such that PA = 6 cm, PB = 50°
2.5 c
3 cm, PC = 2.5 cm, PD = 5 cm, ∠APB = 50° and 3c
m m
C
∠CDP = 30°. Then ∠PBA is equal to: B

(a) 50° (b) 30° (c) 60° (d) 100°

8. If in triangles DEF and PQR, ∠D = ∠Q and ∠R = ∠E, then which of the following is
not true?
EF DE DE EF DE DF EF DE
(a) = (b) = (c) = (d) =
PR QR PQ RP QR PQ RP QR
9. If in triangles ABC and DEF, ∠B = ∠E, ∠F = ∠C and AB = 3 DE, then the two triangles
are:
(a) congruent but not similar (b) similar but not congruent
(c) neither congruent nor similar (d) congruent as well as similar
BC 1 ar ( PRQ )
10. If it is given that DABC ∼ DPQR, with = , then is equal to:
QR 3 ar ( BCA )
1 1
(a) 9 (b) 3 (c) (d)
3 9
11. It is given that DABC ∼ DDFE, ∠A = 30°, ∠C = 50°, AB = 5 cm, AC = 8 cm and DF
= 7.5 cm. Then, which of the following is true?
(a) DE = 12 cm, ∠F = 50° (b) DE = 12 cm, ∠F = 100°
(c) EF = 12 cm, ∠D = 100° (d) EF = 12 cm, ∠D = 30°
AB BC
12. If in triangles ABC and DEF, = , then they will be similar, when:
DE FD
(a) ∠B = ∠E (b) ∠A = ∠D (c) ∠B = ∠D (d) ∠A = ∠F
ar(ABC) 9
13. If DABC ∼ DQRP, = , AB = 18 cm and BC = 15 cm, then PR is equal to:
ar(PQR) 4
20
(a) 10 cm (b) 12 cm (c) cm (d) 8 cm
3
14. If S is a point on side PQ of a DPQR such that PS = QS = RS, then:
(a) PR · QR = RS2 (b) QS2 + RS2 = QR2
(c) PR2 + QR2 = PQ2 (d) PS2 + RS2 = PR2
BC 1 ar(DPQR)
15. If it is given that DABC ∼ DPQR, with = , then is equal to:
QR 4 ar(DABC)
1 1
(a) 4 (b) 16 (c) (d)
4 16
16. If P, Q, R are respectively the mid-points of the sides BC, CA, AB of a DABC, then the
ratio of the areas of the DPQR to the DABC is:
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 2 : 1 (c) 1 : 4 (d) 4 : 1
17. If a chord of a circle of radius 8 cm subtends a right angle at the centre, then the length
of the chord is :
(a) 8 cm (b) 16 cm (c) 16 2 cm (d) 8 2 cm

30 Mathematics - 10
 18. The lengths of the diagonals of a rhombus are 6 cm and 8 cm. Then the perimeter of the
rhombus is :
(a) 5 cm (b) 10 cm (c) 15 cm (d) 20 cm
A
BE
19. In the adjoining figure, if AE ^ BC and CD ^ AB, then
BD
is equal to :
AD AE BC
(a) (b) (c) (d) CD D
EC CD AB AE
O

20. D is a point on the side BC of a triangle ABC such that ∠ADC

B E C
= ∠BAC, then :
(a) CA2 = BC · CD (b) BC2 = CA · CD
(c) CD2 = CA · BC (d) none of these
21. If in a triangle ABC, a line segment XY parallel to AC divides the triangle into two parts
AX
equal in area, then is equal to :
AB
1 1
(a) (b) 2 (c) 1 − (d) 3
2 2

A
22. In the given figure, the value of x is :
8 cm 6 cm
(a) 6 cm (b) 7 cm x
(c) 4.8 cm (d) 5.2 cm B C
D

23. A vertical stick 30 m long casts a shadow 15 m long on the ground. At the same time a
tower casts a shadow 75 m long on the ground. The height of the tower is :
(a) 150 m (b) 130 m (c) 125 m (d) 120 m
24. The length of altitude of an equilateral triangle of side a is :
2a 3 a 3 a
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 2a 2 2 3
25. The length of the hypotenuse of an isosecles right triangle whose one side is 4 2 cm,
is :
(a) 11 cm (b) 9 cm (c) 8 cm (d) 5 2

26. In an equilateral triangle ABC, if AD ⊥ BC, then :

(a) 3AB2 = 2AD2 (b) 3AB2 = 4AD2 (c) 4AB2 = 3AD2 (d) 2AB2 = 3AD2
27. ∆ABC is an isosceles triangle with AB = AC = 13 cm. The length of the altitude from
A on BC is 5 cm. Then BC =
(a) 36 cm (b) 32 cm (c) 24 cm (d) 20 cm
28. In a rhombus of side 10 cm, one of the diagonals is 12 cm long. The length of the second
diagonal is :
(a) 18 cm (b) 16 cm (c) 14 cm (d) 12 cm

Real Numbers 31
 29. The diagonals of a rhombus are 15 cm and 36 cm long. Then its perimeter is :
(a) 82 cm (b) 80 cm (c) 78 cm (d) 76 cm
30. The hypotenuse of a right triangle is 25 cm and out of the remaining two sides, one is
longer than the other by 5 cm. The length of the other two sides are :
(a) 10 cm, 15 cm (b) 15 cm, 20 cm (c) 15 cm, 18 cm (d) 20 cm, 22 cm
31. If in ∆ABC, ∠BCA is a right angle, if Q is the mid-point of side BC, AC = 4 cm,
AQ = 5 cm. Then AB2 =
(a) 36 cm2 (b) 42 cm2 (c) 50 cm2 (d) 52 cm2
1
32. D is a point on the side BC of an equilateral ∆ABC such that DC = BC. Then AD2 =
4
(a) 11 CD2 (b) 12 CD2 (c) 13 CD2 (d) 15 CD2
33. In an equilateral triangle ABC, D is a point on the side BC such that 4BD = BC. Then :
(a) 11 AD2 = 13 BC2 (b) 16 AD2 = 13 BC2
(c) 15 AD2 = 13 BC2 (d) 16 AD2 = 11 BC2
A
34. In the given figure, ABC is a right triangle with ∠B = 90°. Meidan
CD and AE are respectively of lengths 20 cm and 5 cm. The
length of hypotenuse AC = D

(a) 11 cm (b) 9 cm
(c) 6 cm (d) 4 cm B C
E
35. The areas of two similar triangles are 121 cm2 and 64 cm2 respectively. If the medians
of the first traingle is 12.1 cm, then the corresponding median of the other triangle is :
(a) 6.8 cm (b) 0.8 cm (c) 11.2 cm (d) 12.6 cm
L
1
36. In the given figure, LM || NQ and LN || PQ. If MP = MN, then the
3
ratio of the areas of ∆LMN and ∆QNP is :
M P N
(a) 9 : 4 (b) 16 : 4
(c) 25 : 16 (d) 64 : 9
37. In a trapezium ABCD, AB || CD and AB = 2CD. If the area of ∆AOB Q
= 84 cm2, then the area of ∆COD =
(a) 18 cm2 (b) 20 cm2 (c) 20.5 cm2 (d) 21 cm2
A

38. In the given figure, DE || BC and AD : DB = 5 : 4. The ratio of

ar (∆DFE) : ar(∆CFB) is :
D E
(a) 25 81 (b) 16 : 9
(c) 9 : 16 (d) 64 : 25 F
B C
39. If the area of the equilateral triangle described on the side of a square is 48 cm2, then the
area of equilateral triangle described on its diagonal is :
(a) 46 cm2 (b) 68 cm2 (c) 76 cm2 (d) 96 cm2
40. X and Y are points on the sides AB and BC respectively of ∆ABC such that XY || AC
AX
and XY divides ∆ABC into two parts equal in area. Then is :
AB
32 Mathematics - 10
 3− 3 2− 2 2 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 2 2 3
41. D, E and F are the mid-points of the sides BC, CA and AB respectively of ∆ABC. Then
the ratio of the areas of ∆DEF and ∆ABC is :
(a) 1 : 4 (b) 4 : 1 (c) 1 : 3 (d) 1 : 9
A
42. In the given figure, DE || AC and DF || AE. If the lengths D
of BF and FE are 4 cm and 5 cm respectively, then the
B
length of EC is : F E C
(a) 11.25 cm (b) 9.6 cm (c) 12.5 cm (d) 13.2 cm
43. In ∆ABC, D and E are points on the sides AB and AC respectively such that DE || BC.
If AD = 4x – 3, AE = 8x – 7, BD = 3x – 1 and CE = 5x – 3, then the value of x is :
(a) 3 cm (b) 2 cm (c) 1.5 cm (d) 1 cm
44. In the given figure, ∆ABC and ∆PQR are isosceles triangles in which ∠A = ∠P. If
ar ( ∆ABC ) 9 AD
= , then is : A
ar ( ∆PQR ) 16 PS P
2 3
(a) (b)
3 4
B C Q R
5 7 D S
(c) (d)
9 81
1
45. In an equilateral ∆ABC, D is a point on side BC such that BD = BC. Then
3
2
(a) 9AD = 7AB 2 2
(b) 7AD = 9AB 2 (c) 13AD = 11AB (d) 17AB2 = 13AD2
2 2

46. In the figure, DE || BC, AD = 1 cm, BD = 2 cm. The ratio of the

area (∆ABC) to the area (∆ADE) is : D E

(a) 9 : 1 (b) 16 : 1
B C
(c) 64 : 1 (d) 1 : 81 C

47. The figure, BL and CM are medians of a ∆ABC right angled of A.

4(BL2 + CM2) is : L

(a) 6 BC2 (b) 5 BC2 A

B
(c) 13 BC2 (d) 11 BC2 M
C

48. In the figure, if ∠ACB = ∠CDA, AC = 6 cm and AD = 3 cm,

then the length of AB is :

(a) 8 cm (b) 10 cm
(c) 12 cm (d) 14 cm A B
D

Real Numbers 33
 A
49. In the given figure, if DE || BC, then length of EC is : 1.5 cm 1 cm
D E
(a) 5 cm (b) 4 cm
3 cm
(c) 3 cm (d) 2 cm
B C
50. The sides of two similar triangles are in the ratio 2 : 3, then the areas of these triangles
are in the ratio :
(a) 4 : 9 (b) 2 : 3 (c) 8 : 27 (d) 16 : 81

II. FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. The areas of two similar triangles ∆ABC and ∆PQR are 25 cm2 and 49 cm2 respectively.
If QR = 9.8 cm, then BC = _____________.
2. ∆PQR ∼ ∆ABC such that area(∆PQR) = 4 area(∆ABC). The ratio of their perimeters
= _____________.
3. The areas of two similar triangles are 81 cm2 and 49 cm2 respectively. The ratio of their
corresponding altitudes and medians are _____________.
4. Hypotenuse of a right triangle is 25 cm and out of the remaining two sides, one is longer
than the other by 5 cm. The lengths of the other two sides are _________.
A B

+4
+1

3x
3x
5. If the figure, the value of x for which DE || AB = ___________. D E
x+3 x

C
6. Diagonals of a trapezium PQRS intersect each other at point O, PQ || RS and PQ = 3 RS.
The ratio of the areas of triangle POQ and ROS is __________.
7. Altitudes of an equilateral triangle of side 8 cm is ____________.
A

6 cm
8. In the given figure, if DE || BC, then the ratio of area (∆ADE) and D E
area (ECBD) = ___________.
12 cm
B C
9. ABCD is a trapezium in which AB || DC and P and Q are points on AD and BC
respectively such that PQ || DC. If PD = 18 cm, BQ = 35 cm and QC = 15 cm, then AD
= ___________.
10. Corresponding sides of two similar triangles are in the ratio of 2 : 3. If the area of the
smaller triangle is 48 cm2, then the area of the larger triangle is __________.

11. Areas of two similar triangles are 36 cm2 and 100 cm2. If the length of a side of the
larger triangle is 20 cm, then the length of the corresponding side of the smaller triangle
is _____________.

34 Mathematics - 10
 C

12. In the given figure, if ∠ACB = ∠CDA, AC = 8 cm and AD = 3 cm;

then length of BD = _____________.

A B
D

13. A a 15 metres high tower casts a shadow 24 metres long at a certain time and at the same
time, a telephone pole casts a shadow 16 metres long. Then the height of the telephone
pole = _____________. [Ncert(ep)]
14. Foot of a 10 m long ladder leaning against a vertical wall is 6 m away from the base
of the wall. Then the height of the point on the wall whose top of the ladder reaches =
___________. [Ncert(ep)]

III. VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. When do we say that two figures are congruent?
2. What are similar figures?
3. Two polygons of the same number of sides are similar if their corresponding angles are
equal. Is it true?
4. State Basic Proportionality Theorem.
5. State SAS similarity criterion for two triangles.
6. How the areas of two similar triangles are related to each other?
7. State Pythagoras Theorem.
8. State the converse of Pythagoras Theorem.
9. In a triangle PQR, PQ2 + QR2 = PR2. Which angle of ∆PQR is right angled?
10. Is the triangle with sides 25 cm, 5 cm and 24 cm a right triangle?
11. D is a point on side QR of ∆PQR such that PD ⊥ QR. Will it be correct to say that
∆PQD ∼ ∆RPD? A

1.8 cm
12. In the figure, DE || BC. Find the length of side AD given that AE
D E
= 1.8 cm, BD = 7.2 cm and CE = 5.4 cm. 7.2 cm 5.4 cm
[Cbse 2019]
B C

Real Numbers 35