IELTS WRITING TASK TWO

3. Problem Solution Essay

In the Problem-Solution format, the question will ask you to present a problem or cause of a certain
phenomenon, and at the same time state a solution to that problem.

Therefore, this article will be divided into two directions with two different templates:
- Cause - Solution (Cause - Solution)
- Problem - Solution (Consequences - Solution)
With these two directions, the question will have two ways to ask:

- Why is this happening, and what measures can be taken to tackle this
problem?
- What are the problems and solutions?

Before going into the specific Template, let's read the following question:

"Many offenders commit more crimes after serving the first punishment in prison".

First, we will go into the specific Template for the first direction which is Cause - Solution.

IELTS Writing Task - 2 By Nafisa Alam

 IELTS WRITING TASK TWO

1. INTRODUCTION
In the Introduction, you will have three sentences. In the first sentence you will give a general statement, in
second sentence you will paraphrase the information given in the topic, and in the third sentence you will
answer the question of the topic.

Sentence 1:
General Statement regarding the topic.

Sentence 2: Suggested structures

- Many people argue that ....
- It is true that ...
- It is sometimes argued that ...

Sentence 3: Suggested structures

-There are a number of reasons behind this phenomenon/tendency/trend/view and several solutions should
be adopted by ... to improve the situation.

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-This phenomenon can be attributed to a number of reasons, and solutions should be taken by ... to alleviate
the circumstance.

Sample:
“Crime and its causes have been a focal point of societal concern for centuries, impacting communities
worldwide. It is true that many offenders recommit crimes after being released from prison. There are a
number of reasons behind this phenomenon, and several solutions should be adopted by the governments to
improve the situation.”

2. BODY PARAGRAPH 1

In this first paragraph, we will answer the first question of the topic (Why is this happening), that causes of
the problem.

You will also have 5 steps, specifically as follows:

Topic sentence: Suggested structures
- There are two primary reasons why the ...
- This issue can be explained by two main reasons.
- There are two main reasons associated with this phenomenon.
Point 1 Introduction:

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 IELTS WRITING TASK TWO
- Firstly, ....
- One reason is ...
- The first reason is ...
- First of which is ...
Point 1 Explanation/Example/Result:
- This is because ...
- This is mainly due to ...
- This could be explained by the fact ...
- Indeed, ...
- For example, ...
- This is perfectly exemplified in case of ...
- This can be seen in the case of ...
- As a result, ...
- Consequently, ...
- Therefore, ...

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 IELTS WRITING TASK TWO
- As such, ...
Point 2 Introduction:
- Secondly, ...
- The second reason for this is ...
- Another reason is ...
- Furthermore/In addition/Additionally, …
Point 2 Explanation/Example/Result:
- This is because ...
- This is mainly due to ...
- This could be explained by the fact ...
- For example, ...
- This is perfectly exemplified in case of ...
- This can be seen in the case of ...
- According to a study conducted by ... in ..., ...
- As a result, ...
- Consequently, ...

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 IELTS WRITING TASK TWO
- Therefore, ...
- As such, …
Sample:
- “There are two primary reasons why criminals recommit after serving's sentence. One reason is ... This is
due to ... Furthermore, ...According to a study conducted by ...”

- “There are two main reasons associated with this phenomenon. Firstly,... This is mainly due to ...
Secondly, ... For example, ...”

- “This issue can be explained by two main reasons. First of which is, ... This is because ... Another reason
is, ... This can be exemplified in the case of ...”

*In this type of article, if the topic uses the word "reasons", you are required to give two reasons for this
paragraph. If the question uses the word "reason" or uses the structure "Why...", you can give one or two
reasons depending on your preference. On the contrary, if you use the singular "reason", you can refer to the
structure of Opinion - Partly Agree/Disagree to develop ideas according to the PEER formula.

3. BODY PARAGRAPH 2

In the second body paragraph, we will write about "Solutions" for the problem of the topic. Please note that
we will try to provide solutions related to the causes you mentioned in Body 1.

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 IELTS WRITING TASK TWO

Topic sentence:Suggested structures

- Fortunately, several measures could be taken to alleviate this problem.
- However, several solutions could be implemented to tackle this issue.
- There are several solutions that can be adopted by ... to resolve this problem.
Point 1 Introduction:
- The first solution would be ...
- First of which is ...
- Firstly, ...
Point 1Explanation/Example/Result:
- This could be done by ...
- This could be carried out by ...
- Indeed, ...
- According to some research, ...
- According to a study conducted by ... in ..., ...
- This was successfully done by ...

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 IELTS WRITING TASK TWO
- As a result, ...
- Consequently, ...
- Therefore, ...
- As such, ...
Point 2 Introduction
- Furthermore/In addition, ...
- The second solution requires the cooperation of ... to ...
- The second solution is ...
- Another solution is ...
Point 2 Explanation/Example/Result:
- This could be done by ...
- This could be carried out by ...
- Indeed, ...
- According to some research, ...
- According to a study conducted by ... in ..., ...
- This was successfully done by ...

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 IELTS WRITING TASK TWO
- As a result, ...
- Consequently, ...
- Therefore, ...
- As such, ...
Sample:
- “Fortunately, several measures could be taken to alleviate this problem. The first solution would be ... This
could be done by ... Another solution is ... According to some research, ...”

- “There are several solutions that can be adopted by the authorities and individuals to resolve this problem.
First of which is ... This could be carried out by ... The second solution requires the cooperation of
individuals to ... This was successfully done by ...”

*Note 1: Similar to the note in the paragraph above, if the topic uses the words"solutions/measures", you are
required to give two solutions for this paragraph.On the contrary, if the topic only uses the singular "solution"
or uses the structure "What can be done to ...", you can give one or two solutions depending on your preference.
In case you only give one, you will develop the idea according to the PEER formula completely by combining the
Point sentence with the Topic sentence, giving specific Explanation, Example and Result.

*Note 2: The solutions you give in this paragraph should be commensurate with the ideas you stated in the
previous paragraph, both in terms of information and order in the paragraph.

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 IELTS WRITING TASK TWO
4. CONCLUSION
In this type of essay, the Conclusion will include two sentences. In the first sentence you will summarize
the reasons - solutions you wrote and in the second sentence you will give a Final Thought sentence in the
form of "Prediction".
You should not give a recommendation because it will correspond to a new solution - you have already given
the solution in the body of the article.

Suggested structures
- In conclusion, it is clear that there are various reasons for ..., and steps need to be taken by ... to tackle this
problem. It can be predicted that …

- In conclusion, this phenomenon can be explained by the ... However, solutions can be taken to resolve this
issue. In the near future, it is predicted that …

Sample:

“In conclusion, it is clear that there are various reasons for ex-prisoners to commit more crimes, and steps
need to be taken by the government and individuals to tackle this problem. It can be predicted thatwith
appropriate funding and implementation of these suggested measures,this issue would likely be alleviated in
the next 10 years”

IELTS Writing Task - 2 By Nafisa Alam

 IELTS WRITING TASK TWO

1. INTRODUCTION

Similar to Cause-Solution form, in the Introduction, you will have three sentences. In the first sentence you
will give a general statement, in second sentence you will paraphrase the information given in the topic, and
in the third sentence you will answer the question of the topic.

Sentence 1:
General Statement regarding the topic.

Sentence 2: Suggested structures

- Many people argue that ....
- It is true that ...
- It is sometimes argued that ...

Sentence 3: Suggested structures

- There are a number of problems result from this phenomenon/tendency/trend/view and several solutions
should be adopted by ... to improve the situation.

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 IELTS WRITING TASK TWO
- Several problems have resulted from this tendency and they should be tackled by a number of effective
solutions from …

Sample:
“Crime and its causes have been a focal point of societal concern for centuries, impacting communities
worldwide. It is true that many offenders recommit crimes after being released from prison. Several
problems have resulted from this tendency and they should be tackled by a number of effective solutions from
the government and individuals”

2. BODY PARAGRAPH 1
In this first paragraph, we will answer the first question of the topic (What are the problems). That is, “give
the consequences of the problem”.

You will also have 5 steps, specifically as follows:

Topic sentence: Suggested structures
- As ..., several related problems can be anticipated.
- This issue has led to two main problems.
- There are two main problems engendered by this phenomenon.

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 IELTS WRITING TASK TWO
Point 1 Introduction:
- Firstly, ....
- One problem is ...
- The first problem is ...
- First of which is ...
- The main issue is ...
Point 1 Explanation/Example/Result:
- This is because ...
- This is mainly due to …
- This could be explained by the fact ...
- Indeed, ...
- For example, ...
- This is perfectly exemplified in case of ...
- This can be seen in the case of ...
- According to a study conducted by ... in ..., ...
- As a result, ...

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 IELTS WRITING TASK TWO
- Consequently, ...
- Therefore, ...
- As such, ...
Point 2 Introduction:
- Secondly, ...
- The second problem resulted from this is ...
- Another problem is ...
- Furthermore/In addition/Additionally, …
Point 2 Explanation/Example/Result:
- This is because ...
- This is mainly due to ...
- This could be explained by the fact ...
- For example, ...
- This is perfectly exemplified in case of ...
- This can be seen in the case of ...
- According to a study conducted by ... in ..., ...

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 IELTS WRITING TASK TWO
- As a result, ...
- Consequently, ...
- Therefore, ...
- As such, ...
Sample:
- “As ex-prisoners are committing more crimes, several related problems can be anticipated. The main issue
is that ... This is due to ... Another problem is that .... This can be seen in the case of ...”

- “This issue has led to two main problems. Firstly, ... This is mainly due to ... Secondly, ... For example, ...”

-“There are two main problems engendered by this phenomenon. First of which is, ...This is because ...
Another reason is, ... This can be exemplified in the case of ...”

*Similarly, if the topic uses the word “problems”, you must give two consequences to this paragraph. On the
contrary, if you use the singular"problem" or use other structures, you can put one or two "problems" as you
like. In case you only give one, you will develop the idea according to the PEER formula completely by
combining the Point sentence with the Topic sentence, giving specific Explanation, Example and Result.

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 IELTS WRITING TASK TWO
3. BODY PARAGRAPH 2
In the second body paragraph, we will write about "solutions" for the problem of the topic. Please note that
we will try to provide solutions related to the causes you mentioned in Body 1.

Topic sentence:Suggested structures

- Since such issues are serious, the government and individuals should immediately take steps to address
these problems.
- Fortunately, several measures could be taken to alleviate this problem.
- However, several solutions could be implemented to tackle this issue.
- There are several solutions that can be adopted by ... to resolve this problem.
Point 1 Introduction:
- The first solution would be ...
- First of which is ...
- Firstly, ...
Point 1 Explanation/Example/Result:
- This could be done by ...

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- This could be carried out by ...
- Indeed, ...
- According to some research, ...
- According to a study conducted by ... in ..., ...
- This was successfully done by ...
- As a result, ...
- Consequently, ...
- Therefore, ...
- As such, ...
Point 2 Introduction:
- Furthermore/In addition, ...
- The second solution requires the cooperation of ... to ...
- The second solution is ...
- Another solution is ...
Point 2 Explanation/Example/Result:
- This could be done by ...

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 IELTS WRITING TASK TWO
- This could be carried out by ...
- Indeed, ...
- According to some research, ...
- According to a study conducted by ... in ..., ...
- This was successfully done by ...
- As a result, ...
- Consequently, ...
- Therefore, ...
- As such, …
Sample:
- “Since such issues are serious, the government should immediately take steps to address these problems.
The first solution would be ... This could be carried out by ... The second measure would be ... Indeed, ...”
-“Fortunately, several measures could be taken to alleviate this problem.The first solution would be ... This
could be done by ... Another solution is... According to some research, ...”

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 IELTS WRITING TASK TWO
-“There are several solutions that can be adopted by the authorities and individuals to resolve this problem.
First of which is ... This could be carried out by ... The second solution requires the cooperation of
individuals to ... This was successfully done by ...”

*Note 1: Similar to the note in the paragraph above, if the topic uses the words"solutions/measures", you are
required to give two solutions for this paragraph. On the contrary, if the topic only uses the singular "solution"
or uses the structure "What can be done to ...", you can give one or two solutions depending on your preference.
In case you only give one, you will develop the idea according to the PEER formula completely by combining the
Point sentence with the Topic sentence, giving specific Explanation, Example and Result.
* Note 2: The solutions you give in this paragraph should be commensurate with the ideas you stated in the
previous paragraph, both in terms of information and order in the paragraph.

4. CONCLUSION

In this type of essay, the Conclusion will also include two sentences. In the first sentence you will
summarize the problems - solutions you wrote and in the second sentence you will give a Final Thought
sentence in the form of "Prediction".

(You should not give a recommendation because it will correspond to a new solution - you have already
given the solution in the body of the article)

IELTS Writing Task - 2 By Nafisa Alam

 IELTS WRITING TASK TWO
Suggested structures
- In conclusion, it is clear that there are various problems resulted from ..., and steps need to be taken by ...
to tackle this problem. It can be predicted that ...
- In conclusion, there are various negative consequences of ... and appropriate steps need to be taken to
tackle these problems by ...

Sample:
“In conclusion, there are various negative consequences of re-committing crimes and appropriate steps
need to be taken to tackle these problems. It can be predicted that with appropriate funding and
implementation of these suggested measures, this issue would likely be alleviated in the next 10 years”

IELTS Writing Task - 2 By Nafisa Alam