9/21/2011

Chapter 1 Basic Introduction to Computers

Objectives Overview
Define the term, computer, and describe the relationship between data and information Define the term, network, and identify benefits of sharing resources on a network

Explain why computer literacy is vital to success in todays world

Describe the five components of a computer

Discovering Computers 2012

Your Interactive Guide to the Digital World

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages that users experience when working with computers

Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web

See Page 3 for Detailed Objectives

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

Objectives Overview

A World of Computers
Computers are everywhere

Distinguish between system software and application software

Differentiate among types, sizes, and functions of computers in each category

Describe the role of each element in an information system

Explain how home users, small office/home office users, mobile users, power users, and enterprise users each interact with computers

Discuss how society uses computers in education, finance, government, health care, science, publishing, travel, and manufacturing

See Page 3 for Detailed Objectives

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

Pages 4 - 5 Figure 1-1

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

9/21/2011

What Is a Computer?
A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory
Collects data (input) Produces information (output)

What Is a Computer?

Processing

Information Processing Cycle

Page 6 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 5 Page 6 Figure 1-2 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 6

The Components of a Computer

A computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical components known as hardware
Input Device Output Device System Unit Storage Device Communications Device
Pages 6 - 8

The Components of a Computer

Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer

Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process data Records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage media Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 7 Page 7 Figure 1-3 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 8

9/21/2011

Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers

Advantages of Using Computers Disadvantages of Using Computers

Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers

Green computing involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer Strategies include:
Recycling Regulating manufacturing processes Extending the life of computers Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers

Speed Reliability
Consistency Storage
Communications
Pages 9 - 10

Health Risks
Violation of Privacy Public Safety
Impact on Labor Force Impact on Environment
9

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

Page 10

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

10

Networks and the Internet

A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media

Networks and the Internet

The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals

Pages 10 - 11 Figure 1-6

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

11

Page 11 Figure 1-7

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

12

9/21/2011

Networks and the Internet

People use the Internet for a variety of reasons:

Networks and the Internet

A social networking Web site encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users

Communicate

Research and Access Information

Shop

Bank and Invest

Online Trading

Entertainment

Download Videos

Share Information

Web Application

Pages 12 - 13 Figure 1-8

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

13

Page 14 Figure 1-9

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

14

Computer Software
Software, also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them
System Software
Operating system Utility program

Computer Software
Installing is the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware

Application Software

Pages 15 - 16 Figures 1-10 - 1-11

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

15

Pages 16 - 17 Figure 1-12

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

16

9/21/2011

Computer Software
A programmer develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information

Categories of Computers
Personal computers Mobile computers and mobile devices Game consoles Servers Mainframes Supercomputers Embedded computers

Page 18 Figure 1-13

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

17

Page 19

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

18

Personal Computers
A personal computer can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself Two popular architectures are the PC and the Apple
Desktop computer

Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

Mobile Computer
Personal computer you can carry from place to place

Mobile Device
Computing device small enough to hold in your hand

Examples include notebook computers, laptop computers, netbooks, ultra-thins, and Tablet PCs

Examples include smart phones and PDAs, ebook readers, handheld computers, portable media players, and digital cameras

Pages 19 - 20 Figures 1-15 - 1-16

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

19

Pages 20 - 23

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

20

9/21/2011

Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

Notebook computer Tablet PC Smart phones and PDAs E-book reader
Pages 20 - 22 Figures 1-17 1-20

Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

Handheld computer Portable media player Digital camera

21
Pages 22 - 23 Figures 1-21 1-23

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

22

Game Consoles
A game console is a mobile computing device designed for single-player or multiplayer video games

Servers
A server controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network
Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information

Page 24 Figure 1-24

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

23

Page 25 Figure 1-25

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

24

9/21/2011

Mainframes
A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously

Supercomputers
A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful computer
Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions in a single second

Page 25 Figure 1-26

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

25

Page 25 Figure 1-27

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

26

Embedded Computers
An embedded computer is a special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product
Consumer Electronics Mobile and digital telephones Digital televisions Cameras Video recorders DVD players and recorders Answering machines Home Automation Devices Thermostats Sprinkling systems Security monitoring systems Appliances Lights Automobiles Antilock brakes Engine control modules Airbag controller Cruise control Process Controllers and Robotics Remote monitoring systems Power monitors Machine controllers Medical devices Computer Devices and Office Machines Keyboards Printers Faxes Copiers

Embedded Computers

Page 26

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

27

Page 26 Figure 1-28

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

28

9/21/2011

Elements of an Information System

Elements of an Information System

Hardware

Software

Data

People

Procedures

Page 27

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

29

Page 27 Figure 1-29

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

30

Examples of Computer Usage

Examples of Computer Usage

Home User
Personal financial management Web access Communications Entertainment

Small Office/Home Office User

Look up information Send and receive e-mail messages Make telephone calls

Mobile User
Connect to other computers on a network or the Internet Transfer information Play video games Listen to music Watch movies

Power User
Work with multimedia Use industry-specific software

Enterprise User
Communicate among employees Process high volumes of transactions Blog

Pages 28 31 Figures 1-30 1-32

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

31

Pages 31 32 Figures 1-33 1-34

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

32

9/21/2011

Computer Applications in Society

Computer Applications in Society

Education Finance Government Health Care

Pages 34 - 36 Figures 1-36 1-39 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 33 Pages 36 - 38 Figures 1-40 1-43

Science Publishing Travel Manufacturing

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 34

Video: Computer History in a Barn

Summary

Basic computer concepts

Components of a computer

Networks, the Internet, and computer software

CLICK TO START
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 35 Page 39

Many different categories of computers, computer users, and computer applications in society
36

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1

9/21/2011

Chapter 1 Basic Introduction to Computers

Discovering Computers 2012

Your Interactive Guide to the Digital World

Chapter 1 Complete

10